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    Article 261: Challenging To A Duel

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    Ryan Emmanuel Mangulabnan
    This document outlines several Philippine criminal laws related to threats, coercion, and defamation. It defines the elements of libel and slander under Articles 353 and 358. Libel involves the public and malicious imputation of a crime or vice through any statement or publication. Slander refers to similar oral defamation and is punished less severely than libel if not of a serious or insulting nature. The document also lists punishable acts related to challenging someone to a duel, inciting a duel, threatening harm to a person or their property, and using coercion to resolve debts.

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    Article 261: Challenging To A Duel

    Uploaded by

    Ryan Emmanuel Mangulabnan
    290 views2 pages
    This document outlines several Philippine criminal laws related to threats, coercion, and defamation. It defines the elements of libel and slander under Articles 353 and 358. Libel involves the public and malicious imputation of a crime or vice through any statement or publication. Slander refers to similar oral defamation and is punished less severely than libel if not of a serious or insulting nature. The document also lists punishable acts related to challenging someone to a duel, inciting a duel, threatening harm to a person or their property, and using coercion to resolve debts.

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    This document outlines several Philippine criminal laws related to threats, coercion, and defamation. It defines the elements of libel and slander under Articles 353 and 358. Libel involves the public and malicious imputation of a crime or vice through any statement or publication. Slander refers to similar oral defamation and is punished less severely than libel if not of a serious or insulting nature. The document also lists punishable acts related to challenging someone to a duel, inciting a duel, threatening harm to a person or their property, and using coercion to resolve debts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    290 views2 pages

    Article 261: Challenging To A Duel

    Uploaded by

    Ryan Emmanuel Mangulabnan
    This document outlines several Philippine criminal laws related to threats, coercion, and defamation. It defines the elements of libel and slander under Articles 353 and 358. Libel involves the public and malicious imputation of a crime or vice through any statement or publication. Slander refers to similar oral defamation and is punished less severely than libel if not of a serious or insulting nature. The document also lists punishable acts related to challenging someone to a duel, inciting a duel, threatening harm to a person or their property, and using coercion to resolve debts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Article 261: Challenging to a Duel (Elements for this act are the same with the

    THREE ACTS PUNISHED: first except

    I. By challenging another to a duel. that the purpose is not attained.)

    II. By inciting another to give or accept a III. By threatening another with the
    challenge to a infliction upon his

    duel. person, honor or infliction upon his person,


    honor or
    III. By scoffing at or decrying another
    publicly for having property or that of his family of any wrong
    amounting
    refused to accept a challenge to fight a duel.
    to a crime, the threat not being subject to
    any demand
    Article 282: Grave Threats
    of money or imposition of any condition.
    PUNISHABLE ACTS:
    Article 285: Other light threats
    I. Threatening another with the infliction
    ACTS PUNISHED:
    upon his person,
    I. Threatening another with a weapon or by
    honor or property or that of his family of
    drawing such
    any wrong
    weapon in a quarrel, unless it be in lawful
    amounting to a crime and demanding
    self-defense.
    money or
    Here, the weapon must not be discharged.
    imposing any other condition even though
    not unlawful, II. Orally threatening another, in the heat of
    anger, with
    and the offender attained his purpose.
    some harm constituting a crime, without
    II. By making such threat with the infliction
    persisting in
    upon his
    the idea involved in his threat.
    person, honor or property or that of his
    family of any III. Any threat made in a jest or in the heat
    of anger
    wrong amounting to a crime and
    demanding money or constitutes light threat only.

    imposing any other condition even though IV. Orally threatening to do another any
    not unlawful harm not

    and without the offender attaining his constituting a felony.


    purpose.
    ARTICLE 287 – LIGHT COERCION defamatory statement or article

    It is committed by a creditor who shall seize 3. The identity of the person defamed must
    anything be

    belonging to his debtor by means of established or identified


    violence or intimidation
    4. The existence of malice
    in order to apply the same to the
    ARTICLE 358 – SLANDER
    indebtedness.
    Oral defamation shall be punished by
    Article 353: Libel
    arresto mayor in its
    LIBEL – is public and malicious imputation
    maximum period to prision correccional in
    of a crime, or
    its minimum
    of a vice or defect, whether real or
    period if it is of a serious and insulting
    imaginary, or any act,
    nature; otherwise the
    omission, condition, status, or circumstance
    penalty shall be arresto menor or a fine not
    tending to
    exceeding 200
    cause the dishonor, discredit, or contempt
    pesos.
    of a natural or
    ORAL DEFAMATION/SLANDER
    juridical person, or to blacken the memory
    of one who is 1. Grave Slander – when serious and
    insulting in
    dead.
    nature.
    ELEMENTS:
    2. Simple Slander
    1. There must be an imputation or allegation
    of a crime,

    or a vice of defect, whether real or


    imaginary, or any

    act or omission, condition, status or


    circumstance

    which tend to dishonor or discredit a


    natural or

    juridical person.

    2. That there must be a publication of the


    said

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