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Module 4b PRINCIPLES DESIGN at CONSTRUCTION OF FISHING BOAT

Fishing boats come in various classes and are classified according to their building materials, size, hull shape, propulsion method, construction type, and the type of fishing they are used for. An efficient fishing boat needs to have speed, maneuverability, stability, a strong hull, suitable propulsion, fish storage, fishing equipment, and enough range for its intended fishing operations. The key dimensions of a fishing boat are its length, breadth, depth, and tonnage which is calculated based on its volume.

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Erine Contrano
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1K views5 pages

Module 4b PRINCIPLES DESIGN at CONSTRUCTION OF FISHING BOAT

Fishing boats come in various classes and are classified according to their building materials, size, hull shape, propulsion method, construction type, and the type of fishing they are used for. An efficient fishing boat needs to have speed, maneuverability, stability, a strong hull, suitable propulsion, fish storage, fishing equipment, and enough range for its intended fishing operations. The key dimensions of a fishing boat are its length, breadth, depth, and tonnage which is calculated based on its volume.

Uploaded by

Erine Contrano
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MODULE 4 – Part 2

FISHING BOAT

A fishing boat is an open vessel or water craft propelled by oars, sails and an engine. It is used
either in catching or transporting fish. It is the most important equipment in fish capture especially in deep
sea fishing. It is specialized water transportations, vessel and craft which is intended to perform certain
well-defined task of catching fish or gathering aquatic resources.

CLASSES OF FISHING BOAT


1. Banka
2. Boat
3. Fishing vessel
4. Ship

BOATS MIGHT BE CLASSIFIED WITH RESPECT TO:


1. BUILDING MATERIALS
a. Wood
b. Plywood
c. Steel
d. Galvanized steel
e. Aluminium
f. Plastics
g. Fabrics molded
2. SIZE
a. Length
b. Tonnage
3. FORM OF THE HULL OR STYLE OF STRUCTURE
a. Round bottom
b. V bottom
c. Flat bottom keel
Center board
Raft body planning
4. PROPULSION METHODS
a. Oars
b. Sail
c. Motor
- Outboard
- Inboard
- Auxiliary
5. TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION
a. Lapstrake
b. Clinker built
c. Carvel
d. Diagonal planking
e. Molded
f. Strip planking
6. TYPES OF FISHERIES ENGAGED IN.
a. Trawler fishing boat
b. Purse or bead seiner
c. Gill net
d. Long liner
e. Pole or line
f. Bag net
FISHING BOAT ACCORDING TO FORM OF THE HULL OR STYLE OF STRUCTURE

1. Round Bottom Model – this model may be difficult to construct by amateur’s boat
builders. It has hydrodynamic surfaces making each part of the boat balanced.

 VARIATION IN THE SHAPE IN THE MID-SECTION

U - SECTION V - SECTION Y - SECTION

2. V – Bottom Model – it is the most common model used. Because of its shape, it can run faster than any
other boat model the high speed motor boats have this type of bottom.

MODIFIED SHARPIE SKIPJACK OR CHESAPEAKE


3. Flat – Bottom Model – it is the easiest model of boat to build. It only requires the fewest tools. It also
classified either as the SCOW, which is almost the same as a rectangular box. The PUNT which is
improved and developed scow having the bottom well rocked fore, aft, and flaring sides and raking
transoms at the bow and stern. And THE SKIFF which is marked by a sharp bow and has less rocker
at the bottom. It also a traditionally used in constructing small boats measuring up to 50 feet.

FISHING BOATS CAN ALSO CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO HOW THEY ARE PROPELLED OR RUN
1. Motor Boat – it is propelled by an engine usually run by a gasoline. It is the fastest type of boat.
2. Sail Boat – it is propelled by sail. The speed is depending on the wind waves.
3. Oars Boat – it is propelled by oars mechanically moved by a boatman. It is a light type of boat.

ACCORDING TO TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION

CLINKER OR LAPSTRAKE BUILT – built with planks over


lapping and riveted together

CARVEL BUILT – built with planks meeting flush at the seams


instead of overlapping

TYPES OF FISHING BOAT


ACCORDING TO FISHING GEAR USED
1. Trawler Fishing Boat – it is used for deep water fishing and is usually bigger than the other types of
boat. It is propelled by a large engine. It has a trawl which is dragged in the bottom of the sea to
catch fish.
2. Purse or Beach Seiner Fishing Boat –it is engine propelled. It is used in detecting and dragging fish
towards the seine and in positioning the seine in its proper place.
3. Gill Net and Trap Fishing Boat – it is associated with fishing device can be motor operated or not. It
has a single outrigger to facilitate throwing and pulling out gill nets.
4. Longline Fishing Boat – it has a large and wide deck, strong horse-powered engine and can sail
fast. It is also used in deep water fishing. It can catch a considerable amount of big fish like tuna
and tambakol.
5. Pole and Line Vessel and Handline – it is associated with this method of fishing can be powered by
a motor or oars depending upon the body of water where it is to be used. It is excellent for catching
carnivorous fishes.
6. Bag net fishing boat – Used with the aid of artificial light and it is propelled by a strong engine. It is
also used in deep waters and can stay in the sea for a week.
PRINCIPLES OF FLOATATION
The fishing boat is one of the most valuable investments in fisheries and a good knowledge of its
structure and efficiency is also important for fisheries management. It is affected by the buoyant force of the
water. Archimedes observed that when a body is immersed in a liquid the body displaces some of the liquid
to make room for it and the body is pushed up by the liquid and seems to weigh-less than it does in the air.
The Archimedes principle stated that the body immersed in liquid seems to lose weight. This apparent loss
of weight is exactly equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body. The principle applies not only to
bodies which float. Since the whole weight of a floating body is supported by the fluid on which it rests, it is
evident that such a body is pushed upward by a force equal to its own weight and that the buoyant force
which a liquid exerts on a body is equal to the liquid it displaced. The law of floatation may be stated that a
floating body displaces a weight of liquid to its own weight.
The number of times a substance is as heavy as an equal volume of water is called its specific
gravity. All substance having a specific gravity that is less than 1.00 will float on the water; all those having
a specific gravity that is greater than 1.00 will sink. A substance with a specific gravity of exactly 1.00 will
float completely submerged. The degree of submergence of a body in water will depend, therefore, upon its
specific gravity.
CHARACTERISTICS OF FISHING BOAT

Fishing boat has peculiar functions different from ordinary boats. The catching of fish and
transporting them from sea to fishing port demands an efficient fishing unit, which can transport men to the
fishing grounds where they will use the gear to catch fish partially process or preserve them immediately
and carry them to the port in their best conditions. The boat to be totally effective must be well facilitated
with fishing gear and other necessary materials to harvest fish effectively. The boat must be suitable for a
long distance navigation. It must be arranged to permit the space to handle the fishing gear and catch, with
equipment necessary to operate the gear and with means of safekeeping the gear. It is required to have
sufficient speed so as to look for and follow the fish school and is required to save ample manoeuvrability
during the searching and fishing operations.

a. Speed – it may be high or low speed depending on the kind of fishing operation involved.
b. Maneuverability – its movement must be easily controlled for efficient fishing operation.
c. High Resistance and Stability – it must have the capacity to withstand varied condition of weather
and sea.
d. Stoutness of Hull Structure and Construction – its hull structure and construction have to be
strong enough for the safety of the gears and crew on board and to be able to carry the catch to
the home port in the best condition.
e. Propulsion – its push must be forceful enough to meet the desired speed and horsepower, and to
prolong the usage or service of the hull structure.
f. Fish Hold or Storage – its ice keeping room or box should be fully insulated.
g. Fishing Equipments and Accessories or Components – its equipment and facilities have to be
readily available and capable to hasten the fishing operation and for distant navigation.
h. Navigation Distance – the size of the boat, its strength of materials and construction and loading
capacity for the specific number of fishing days.
PRINCIPAL DIMENSION OF FISHING BOAT
1. Length Over All – the horizontal distance from the bow end to stern end.
2. Extreme Breadth – the horizontal distance of the width in the broadest part of the boat.
3. Depth – the vertical distance from the base line to the free-board deck at the amidships section.
 Net Tonnage – is the amount of weight of a boat displaced after deduction.

NET TONNAGE FORMULA


Net tonnage (NT) = net volume of space x 0.353
GROSS TONNAGE
Gross tonnage (GT) = volume of enclosed space under upper deck
+ volume of enclosed space above upper deck
x 0.353 (metric system)
Japanese Formula
GT = L x B x D x 0.56
2.83
South Vietnamese and Thai formula
2
P+B
GT = 2 xLxC
Where C is Equals to - 0.060 (wooden boat) in South
0.064 (steel boat) Vietnam

0.058 (wooden boat) in Thailand


0.070 (steel boat

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