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SDG Seminar 1 For Region X: 29 August 2019 N Hotel Cagayan de Oro

This document summarizes a seminar on statistics for measuring sustainable development goals (SDGs) in Region X of the Philippines. It defines key statistical concepts like variables, data, and different types of summary measures used in computing SDG indicators such as averages, ratios, proportions, percentages, and rates. Examples are provided for each concept to illustrate how statistics can be used to make decisions and inform the public. The seminar emphasized that official statistics must be based on accurate calculations in order to properly guide rather than mislead.

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36 views27 pages

SDG Seminar 1 For Region X: 29 August 2019 N Hotel Cagayan de Oro

This document summarizes a seminar on statistics for measuring sustainable development goals (SDGs) in Region X of the Philippines. It defines key statistical concepts like variables, data, and different types of summary measures used in computing SDG indicators such as averages, ratios, proportions, percentages, and rates. Examples are provided for each concept to illustrate how statistics can be used to make decisions and inform the public. The seminar emphasized that official statistics must be based on accurate calculations in order to properly guide rather than mislead.

Uploaded by

Ruth
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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A Five-Year Research and Training Program for the Philippine Statistical System (PSS)

to Measure Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG Seminar 1 for Region X


29 August 2019N Hotel Cagayan de Oro

Jomel Jhele T. Sadsad


Senior Statistical Specialist, Training Division

PHILIPPINE STATISTICAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE


“When statistics are not
based on strictly accurate
calculations, they mislead
instead of guide.”
- Alexis de Tocqueville

SDG Seminar 1 for Region X 2


Definition of Statistics (Singular)
•a branch of science that deals
with the collection
organization
presentation
analysis and
interpretation
of a set of numerical figures
SDG Seminar 1 for Region X 3
Definition of Statistics (Plural)

• a set of numerical
figures

SDG Seminar 1 for Region X 4


Examples of Statistics

•Population count of the


different provinces in Region X

•Number of poor people per


municipality in Region X
SDG Seminar 1 for Region X 5
Example of Official Statistics
On the average, Filipino women
outlive their male counterparts
by six years. However, more
Filipino women are obese (8.3%)
compared to men (5.2%).
Source: PSA

SDG Seminar 1 for Region X 6


Example of Statistics in Health

Male with index finger longer


than his ring finger is three
times more likely to develop
a prostate cancer.

SDG Seminar 1 for Region X 7


Importance of Statistics

• Allows us to make decisions

• It informs the public

SDG Seminar 1 for Region X 8


Variable is a characteristic or attribute
of the elements in a collection that
can assume different values for
different elements
An observation is a realized value of a
variable.
Data is the collection of
observations.
SDG Seminar 1 for Region X 10
Classification of Variables
Qualitative Variable have labels or
names assigned to their respective
categories
Examples:
oSalary Grade Level – SG 1, SG 2, etc.
oSex of student – male, female
oType of School – public, private
SDG Seminar 1 for Region X 11
Example of Official Statistics
Quantitative Variable any characteristic
that we measure or count in numbers
Examples:
o weight -160 lbs, 25 kg, 77 mg, etc.
o number of PWDs - 1, 2, 3,
o estimated monthly income of a
household - PhP4,000, PhP10,500, etc.
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Some Summary Measures used in
Computing SDG Indicators
1.Average
2.Ratios
3.Proportions
4.Percentages
5.Rates
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RATIOS
A number expressed in relation to
another by dividing the number by
the other
▪ Example: 27 males, 9 females

=> 3:1
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Example of RATIOS

343,200 females to 322, 968 males

or 106:100

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Example of RATIOS

Population Density is the number of


people per square mile (or other unit)
= 668,168 persons/1955 sq. miles
= 341 persons/sq. mile

SDG Seminar 1 for Region X 16


Example of RATIOS
Population to policeman ratio
(Philippines)
total population 95814244
= = 817.165
total no. of policemen 117252
For every 1 policeman in the
Philippines, there are 817 people
under his watch.
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No. of Number of
Year Ratio Ratio
Policemen Firemen
2010 105,784 1:742 14,757 1:5,322
2011 117,252 1:817 14,679 1:5,461
2012 112,508 1:727 14,874 1:5,501
2013 118,100 1:707 14,527 1:5,749

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Notes
▪Ratios cannot have decimal
numbers
▪Example: 1: 1.3
▪Solution: multiply by 10’s, i.e., 10:13

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Example
A class has 12 males and 5 females. What
is the ratio of males to females?
12/5 = 2.4

Do we say 2.4 males is to 1 female?


Do we change the base to 10?

So, it becomes 24: 10 or 24 males is to 10


females
20
PROPORTIONS AND PERCENTAGES
Special kinds of ratios where the
denominator is the total while the
numerator is a subpart that is of
interest

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Example
Proportion of births attended by
skilled health personnel
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑜. 𝑏𝑖𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑠 𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑠𝑘𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑑 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑡ℎ 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙
= x 100
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑏𝑖𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑒 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑

𝟏,𝟎𝟎𝟎,𝟎𝟎𝟎
= x 100 = 57.3%
𝟏,𝟕𝟒𝟒,𝟕𝟔𝟕

SDG Seminar 1 for Region X 22


RATES
▪ the number of events occurring
during a specified period of time
and the population exposed
to the event are referred to as RATES.
▪ Examples: birth rates
infant mortality rates
maternal mortality rates
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Example of RATES
In 2015, the total number of live births is 1,744,767
and the total population is 100,981,437. Find the
birth rate.

Birth Rate = the number of births per 1,000


population in a given time period

= Number of live births x 1,000


Total Population
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1,744,767
𝑥 1000 = .017 𝑥 1000 = 17
100,981,437

The birth rate was 17 births


per 1,000 population in 2015.

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Why did we multiply it by the base of 1000?
.017 births per person
.17 births per 10 persons
1.7 births per 100 persons
17 births per 1000 persons

SDG Seminar 1 for Region VIII 26


YOU CAN’T MANAGE
WHAT YOU CAN’T MEASURE
- W. Edwards Deming
and Peter Drucker

SDG Seminar 1 for Region X 28


SDG Seminar 1 for Region X

PHILIPPINE STATISTICAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE

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