THE EFFECTIVENESS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF CURFEW HOURS IN THE

SELECTED GRADE 11 STUDENTS IN SAN PEDRO APARTADO NATIONAL

HIGH SCHOOL

A Research Presented to the Faculty of the Senior High School

Department

San Pedro Apartado National High School

Alcala, Pangasinan

In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for Practical Research 1

Bagat, Melvin F.

Cabamongan, Princess Novie Lyn R.

Fernando, Rommel C.

Guerero, Mark Rhey Q.

Junio, Bert Rudolf C.

Layoso, Rhafael Glenn F.

Noveloso, Kenneth M.

Sanbajon, Ethel Angelique G.

July 2021
 APPROVAL SHEET

This research entitled “The Effectiveness of Implementation of Curfew

Hours in the Selected Grade 11 Students in San Pedro Apartado Natinal High

School”. Prepared and submitted by Bagat, Melvin F., Cabamongan, Princess Novie

Lyn R., Fernando, Rommel C., Guerero, Mark Rhey Q., Junio, Bert Rudolf C.,

Layoso, Rhafael Glenn F., Noveloso, Kenneth M., and Sanbajon, Ethel Angelique

G. in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Grade 11 HUMSS students of San Pedro

Apartado National High School, has been examined and is recommended for acceptance

and approval.

MR. DHANGIL T. SURATOS,

Research Adviser
Date Signed:

APPROVED BY
MR.DANILO V. CASTRO MRS. JESSA E. VILLENA
Panel Evaluator Panel Evaluator
Date Signed: __________ Date Signed: __________

MS. JERICA L. MABABA

Panel Evaluator
Date Signed: __________

Requirements for the Practical Research 1.

MARCOS R. VASAY DOMINGO L. LAUD

OIC, SHS Assistant Principal II Principal IV
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Foremost the researchers wants to offer this endeavor to our GOD Almighty

for the wisdom He bestowed upon them, the strength, peace of mind and good health

in order to finish this research. The researchers would also like to express their

gratitude towards their families for the encouragements and support which helped

them in the completion of this paper. Thank you.

To Mr. Dhangil T. Suratos, the research teacher and adviser in Practical

Research 1, for thoroughly guiding the researchers as they were undergoing the

difficulties of completing the study. Also, the researchers would like to express their

special gratitude and thanks for imparting his knowledge and expertise in this study.

The researchers would also like to extend their gratitude to the Evaluators, Mr. Danilo

V. Castro, Mrs. Jessa E. Villena , and Ms. Jerica L. Mababa for sharing knowledge

and technical know-how.

The researchers would also like to thank all the respondents for their honest

and cooperative response to all the questions solicited in this study.

 DEDICATION

We dedicate this research study entitled “The Effectiveness of Curfew Hours in

the Selected Grade 11 Students in San Pedro Apartado National High School” first, to

our Almighty God who gave us strength, guidance and knowledge that we used to

successfully finish this research with great pride and honor, second, to the Principal and

Faculty of San Pedro Apartado National High School who shared their knowledge, time

and effort in order for us to make our research a successful and genuine one, third, to

our parents who gave us financial assistance and moral support for us to be motivated

and successfully defend this study with resounding joy in our hearts, and lastly to the

persons involved in conducting this study who unselfishly contributed their knowledge

regarding our project study. Thank you and we dedicate this to all of who believed that

we can.

The Researchers
 ABSTRACT

This study intended to know the Effectiveness of Implementation of

Curfew Hours to the selected grade 11 students in San Pedro Apartado National

High School. This sought to find the demographic profile of grade 11 students,

the Effectiveness of implementation of curfew hours in terms of rules and

regulations, disciplinary measures, and the strategies to enhance the

implementation of curfew hours. The researchers used interview and survey

method as the instruments in finding the answers. The research design that used

for this study was purposive sampling known as judgmental sampling. Frequency

count and percentage were used in the treatment of data. The findings of the

study were interpreted through the given category with its corresponding

numerical values including: never (1.01-1.81), rarely (1.81-2.60), sometimes

(2.61-3.40), often (3.41-4.20) and always (4.21-5.0). The data in the

demographic profile of the grade 11 students in this study revealed that

according to age, ages to 16-17 have the highest number of respondents with 10

or 100%, while the ages 18-19, 20-21 and 22 above are 0 or 0%. In line with

sex, 8 or 80% of our respondents are female and 2 or 20% are male. In line

with section, in our 10 respondents we have 4 or 40% in diamond, 3 or 30% in

jade, 2 or 20% in sapphire and 1 or 10% in ruby.

 In terms of rules and regulations with a mean of 27 , followed by disciplinary

measures with a mean of 20.1.

Having a bunch of advantage means you also have to face a tons of struggles.

The main struggles you're facing in implementing a curfew hours is the stubborn of

students. Existence of rules and punishment doesn't prevent them to do whatever they

want
 Table of Contents

Page

Title Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Approval Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .i

Acknowledgement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii

Dedication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

Abstract. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv

Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vi

Chapter I- THE PROBLEM

Background of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Statement of the Problem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

Significance of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

Scope and Delimitation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Definition of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..6

Chapter II- REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERTURE AND STUDIES

Related Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Related Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Theoretical/ Conceptual Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Chapter III - RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Population and Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Data Gathering Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Data Gathering Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Treatment of Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Chapter IV – RESULTS/ FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

Chapter V – SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

BIBLIOGRAPY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

APPENDICES ...........................................

a. Letter to the Validator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

b. Validation Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
c. Letter to the respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
d. Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

CURRICULUM VITAE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
 CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM

Introduction

Implementation of Curfew Hours in this pandemic wherein certain protocols have

been announced by the Inter-Agency Task Force for Emerging and Infectious Disease

(IATF-EID). Nowadays, people had an experience with curfews being implemented by

the Local Government Unit (LGU) through the help of Philippine National Government

(PNP).

A curfew is an order specifying a time during which certain regulations apply

typically it refers to the time when individuals are required to return to and stay on their

homes. The curfew laws mean to restrict kids under the age of 18 off the streets away

from drugs and crime.

A curfew is an order specifying a time during which certain regulations apply.

Typically, it is the time when individuals must stay indoors. Such an order maybe issued

by public authorities but also by the owner of a house to those living in the household.

There are many words of phrases that teens dread hearing from their parents; one of

these word is “curfew”. Many teens see that adolescent years as a time to break away
from their family and parents, and experience more freedom in certain aspects of their

lives.

Curfews have many advantages that teenagers might not realize; these

advantages include staying out of trouble, better time a management, less sleep

deprivation, and increased focus in school. When following curfews, teens tend to stay

out of trouble more because criminal activity or high-risk behavior is more likely to

occur later in the evening when parental supervision is not present. Curfews help teens

to become used to setting a schedule which they routinely follow, and become able to

develop important time management skills which they will carry out into adulthood.

Being able to manage time effectively is useful in a variety of situation including school,

work, and personal relationships. Setting curfews also help teens to be able to get to

sleep at a descent time, which leads to subsequent focus and wakefulness in school,

this could ultimately even lead to better grades. It is important to note when exceptions

to curfews should be acceptable. For example, if you are out of studying, working,

volunteering, or participating in a extracurricular activity, it would probably be

reasonable to ask your parents to extend your curfew for these activities. However,

staying out till after midnight to see a concert, movie, or hang out with friends would

probably not count as an activity which deserves curfew extensions.

The standard premise of a curfew includes keeping teens healthy and safe from

possible issues and activities that might occur late at night. While a teenager staying

out late can cause issues, it’s important not to use a curfew as a general answer to

these possible problems. Many municipalities have instituted local ordinances that

government curfews for minors, according to Wyman E. Fischer and Donald L. Barnes,

authors of “Tackling the Issues: Critical Thinking about Social Issues. “Families with

teenagers living in this jurisdictions must ensure that minors avid by the curfew laws to

avoid fines, even if personal philosophy about curfew contradicts the law. Some groups,

such as the National Youth Rights Association, assert that curfew laws may be

unconstitutional because a curfew should be a family decision, not a government

decision.

Curfews help teach responsibility by setting a schedule for when teens can be

out and when they must return home. Responsible parents don’t give their children

whatever they want. Teens can sometimes be forgetful and irresponsible. They should

be given curfew to keep them safe and to teach them to follow instructions and to be

more responsible person.

The Researchers aims to determine the implementation of curfew hours in San

Pedro Apartado, Alcala, Pangasinan. This is also one way of addressing concerns or
problems to the property authority by knowing the extent of implementation of curfew

hours.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to determine the implementation of curfew hours in San Pedro

Apartado, Alcala Pangasinan.

Specifically, it will sought to answer the following questions;

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

a. Age;

b. Sex; and

c. Section?

2. What is the extent of the implementation of curfew hours in San Pedro Apartado,

Alcala, Pangasinan, along with;

a. Rules and regulation; and

b. Disciplinary measures?

3. What strategies maybe propose to enhance the implementation of curfew hours to

the selected grade 11 students of San Pedro Apartado National High School?
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The result of this research study will be benefiting the following:

PARENT: The curfews provide with a legitimate, legal basis for restricting the

activities of their children. It is easier for parents to place boundaries on their children

activities.

LOCAL GOVERNMENT: The local government of the Alcala Pangasinan may use

the insight and finding as bases for formulating plan and policy program specially in

lessening the crime problem of the Municipality.

TOURIST: They will also benefits on this, because the safety and securities

already implemented all over the Alcala Pangasinan by the help of this activities, so that

the tourist will not afraid to visit our community

COMMUNITY: The community is able to keep it youth safe and off the streets by

restricting public sales, entertainment venues, and other places those of us who are not

of age should be.

SCHOOL: We all know that the teenage years are a time when kids (some more

that others) experiment with new thing like sex, drugs and alcohol. So implementing

curfew hours is very beneficial as part of an effort to reduce teenage pregnancy, drug

use and abuse, as well as drinking and driving accidents involving teens.
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

The study will be focusing of the implementation curfew in the Municipality. It also

includes the determination of the respondent’s profile. The study will be conducted in

Alcala Pangasinan.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

CURFEW- a reduce disease transmission while not completely disrupting

people’s lives or instituting a community-wide lockdown.

IMPLEMENTATION - Implementation is the process that turns strategies and

plans into actions in order to accomplish strategic objectives and goals. Implementing

your strategic plan is as important, or even more important, than your strategy.

PANDEMIC - a disease prevalent over a whole country or the world.

COVID-19 - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a

newly discovered coronavirus.

 Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents the reviewed literature and studies which are considered

to have significance to the present study. The summary of literature and studies and

conceptual framework is necessary to enrich this research is also included in this

chapter.

Related Literature

Local Literature

Curfew is an order specifying a time throughout that positive rules apply. Curfew

laws square measure a general deterrence strategy geared toward reducing crime and

victimization within juveniles’ overall population. A reduced chance of committing crimes

ought to translate into committing fewer crimes (Wilson et al., 2016). Curfews unit of

measurement quite merely house rules which can finish during a firm if violated.

Curfews square measure laws that effectively compel or limit the proper to get publicly

at positive times, or in some cases, want businesses to shut their doors throughout

positive hours.

In line with the study of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs as cited by Villarica (2011),

the foremost immediate concern is physical safety from violence. The country has the
responsibility of protecting the welfare of its people. It’s by active and humanities what

the law expresses to safeguard the community and additionally, the country for the nice

of everyone. Curfew laws are challenged because they’re unconstitutional, supported

violations of freedom of speech, equal protection and group action, freedom of

movement, rights of oldsters to rear their youngsters, which the youth’s square

measure largely not adjudicated delinquents. People got to understand that the

government has the proper to impose what do they assume is helpful for many the

opposite manner around. The government got to hear his people of the results of their

actions toward the thought of their choices. For the past administrations among the

Philippines, their square measure of a unit all different curfews obligatory by the

legislative and even native ordinance that promotes anti-hazards, anti-crimes, and anti-

violence program. Thus, it’s an ideal proposition of providing a secure and sound

surrounding among Filipinos agency unit of measurement weak on the unseasonable

effects of adjusting generations from heaps of liberated one. Another index is the

habitual activities of Filipinos that cause disturbance among the community like singing

victimization vocal music until dawn, drinking or having.

Foreign Literature

According to Grossman and Miller (2012), they found that juvenile curfew laws

were effective at reducing adverse youth health outcomes (e.g., trauma transports);
juvenile crime; and victimization were of higher quality (e.g., stronger methodologic

approaches) than those finding no effects. However, given the limited number of

studies and concerns with quality, they conclude that more research is needed before

conclusions can be drawn about the effectiveness of juvenile curfew laws.

Duncklee (2015), Laws are in existence to keep people safe and out of harm’s

way. Ideally, people will not be injured physically, financially, or emotionally if people

followed all the laws. Realistically, not all laws are followed and officials resort to

creating laws to combat lawlessness. As a way to reduce juvenile crime, cities

throughout the United States have imposed curfew laws for minors. The goal of these

laws is to deter the youth from committing crimes and while this goal is admirable,

these laws may no longer be necessary or even effective.

Vasquez (2012), Juveniles are Juvenile curfew laws are designed to prevent

crimes committed by young people and from preventing young people from becoming

victims of crimes themselves. These laws limit the time in which juveniles are allowed in

public. expected to be off the streets and in their homes after certain hours of the day.

Juvenile’s curfew laws require the assistance of community members as well as law

enforcement for the curfew to be effective. These laws are not just intended to prevent

crime or victimization, but to deter young people from becoming a delinquent.

 Based on Jimenez (2016), Curfew laws have serious unintended consequences,

including disproportionate minority contact, the criminalization of homeless and

runaway youth, worsening outcomes for kids and the exposure of cities to lawsuits for

unconstitutionality. Local decision-makers should consider taking the following actions

in order to ensure that their curfews protect rather than harm young people in their

cities.

In view of Doleac (2015), Juvenile curfews aim to reduce crime through

incapacitation: if we tell young people to go home earlier at night, we hope they will

have less opportunity to get into trouble. Juvenile curfews are extremely common in the

United States largest cities have them, as do many smaller cities and towns. They

typically apply to those under age 18, and the punishment for breaking curfew is

usually a fine. Despite their ubiquity, juvenile curfews are extremely controversial,

mostly because of concerns that police disproportionately target racial minorities when

enforcing curfew laws.

Local Studies

According to the study of crime prevention of Alonzo (2011), Cities across the

country have used youth curfews to address growing public concern about juvenile

crime and violence. By reducing the number of youth on the street during certain hours,

curfews are assumed to lower the risk factors associated with youth crime. In addition
to preventing crime, the curfews are also argued to protect youth from dangerous

situations. Curfews have been widely cited by policy makers as an effective tool for

reducing crime while academic research shows mixed results. A multi-layered approach

is suggested to reduce juvenile crime, including graffiti removal and prevention, after

school and evening programs, employment programs, mentorship, and early childhood

intervention. Although these tools may not completely eradicate the issue, it may

provide a starting point in crime prevention. This also recommend that an evidence-

based process carried out by a select group of professionals, experts, and key

stakeholders be used to determine how and what tools and strategies best will work for

Columbia The emerging impact of curfew in the Philippines defines how important to

assess the evident result of the law implementation. This premise will support how the

respondents will deal to the evaluation that they will conduct in the city of Valenzuela.

Foreign Studies

Curfews are only justifiable in democratic societies in extreme circumstances

when it can be demonstrated that overriding benefits result from the proposed

restrictions of rights (Brass, 2006).

Arguments to justify the Northbridge curfew claimed that a curfew would protect

young people from harm, and also protect adults from harms caused by young people

(Cooper et al., 2014). This paper will examine whether these claims can be
substantiated in practice, whether a youth curfew was a proportionate response and

whether there were unintended consequences, beneficial or otherwise. There is

insufficient space here to explore more general questions about parents’ rights vs. state

rights (Chen, 1997) or to discuss questions about youth rights (Brown, 2000) concepts

of childhood and maturity (O'Neil, 2002), which, whilst important, are not the focus of

this article. Curfews can be universal, selective, or universal but discriminatory against

particular sub-populations. The Northbridge curfew is an example of a selective curfew

that is also discriminatory against various youth sub-populations. Selective curfews

apply only to some sections of the population, for example, youth-based curfews, or

some racial groups.

In the United States youth curfews have been more ubiquitous than elsewhere

Chen (1997). Chen contends that youth curfews have been used cyclically as a populist

and inexpensive measure by governments that want to appear to respond to public fear

of youth crime and youth disorder (Chen, 1997). Over the past twenty-five years, youth

curfews have been imposed in several jurisdictions, especially in the USA (Chen, 1997,

‘Youth Curfew Violates Equal-Protection Rights’, 2004, Reynolds et al., 2000, Kline,

2012, O'Neil, 2002, Grossman, 2014, Moscovitz et al., 2000, McDowall et al., 2000).
Conceptual Framework

The conceptual framework is an elaboration of the theoretical framework in

concrete terms. The conceptual framework is anchored on the theoretical framework.

The conceptual framework needs to be consistent with and related to the theoretical

framework. It specifies the variables of the study and the expected flow of relationship

among them.

Dependent variable Independent

Variable

Profile of the Extent of the

respondents in terms implementation of curfew
of; hours in San Pedro
Apartado, Alcala,
a. AGE Pangasinan, along with;

b. CIVIL STATUS a. Rules and regulations

c. SEX b. Disciplinary measures

Strategies maybe propose

to enhance the

implementation of curfew

hours to the selected

Grade 11 students of San

Pedro Apartado National

High School
 Chapter 3

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the research design and sampling technique, the

respondents’ description of the subject, the instrument of the study, sources of data

and information, statistical treatment of data and gathered in the study.

Research Design

This study used the descriptive-evaluative-survey research design of

implementation of curfew hours of grade 11 students in San Pedro Apartado, Alcala,

Pangasinan. Descriptive research design is the most appropriate method to be used in

investigating its concern with the description of the profiles, difficulties of the

respondents and the relationship between the implementation of curfew hours and the

independent variable. Evaluation design is the structure that provides the information

needed to answer each of your evaluation questions. Survey research is a qualitative

method for collection of information from a pool of respondents by asking multiple

survey questions. This research type includes recruitment of individuals, collection, and

analysis of data.
Population and Sampling

The researchers used the simple random sampling technique under the

probability sampling in which samples are selected based on characteristics of a

population and the objective of the study.

Data Collection Procedure

The researchers asked the permission from the respondents to interrupt them.

The researchers will seek for the respondents’ cooperation to accomplish the

instruments for this study.

The result will be collected, tabulated, and analyzed by the researcher. And will

assure the respondents that the results of the test will be used for research purpose

only.

Instrument of the Study

The researchers used questionnaire checklist as an instrument of the study.

Because in questionnaire checklist, the researcher can easily interpret and analyze data

gathered, also it is a close ended question or objective type of questionnaire.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The data gathered for this study were subjective to statistical treatment using

the following:

1.) To describe the profile of the respondents, the following categories was adopted

with frequency counts and percentages as the main statistical used. The data are

further presented in tabular form.

2.) To describe the reasons behind the implementation of curfew hours, and possible

solutions were described using the Average Weighted Mean (AWM) was used.

The weighted mean of each item was calculated with 5-points like scale and was

computed by multiplying the number of frequencies by the assigned numerical values.

The formula used is as follows:

AWM= (w)(x) / w

For the descriptive equivalent of the weighted means, the following statistical ranges
were used.
 All the data gathered were tabulated for purpose of analysis and interpretation.

questions being thrown to them. The ending of the interview was based on the

responses of the participants.

Data Analysis

The data gathered through the questionnaires were analyzed and interpreted

using the following statistical techniques:

Percentage

This was used as descriptive statistics for relationships of a part to the whole.

Weighted mean

This was computed to determine the average response of a population group for

each item. The descriptive responses on the criteria used were quantified using the

following weights, limits and verbal interpretations as:

Scale Descriptive Rating Verbal Interpretation

5-always 4-often 3-sometimes 2-rarely 1-never.

Rating Scale

Weighted Descriptive Equivalent Transmuted

Equivalent

4.21-5.0 Always All of the respondents are

agree

3.41-4.20 Often Most of the respondents

are agree

2.61-3.40 Sometimes Some of the respondents

are agree

1.81-2.60 Rarely Few of the respondents

are agree

1.01-1.81 Never Respondents disagree

Chapter 4
 Results and Discussion

This chapter elaborates the results of the including an analysis and

interpretation of the data gathered. The presentation follows the sequence of the

specific problems identified in Chapter 1.

Table 1: Frequency and Distribution of the Profile of the Respondents

N=10

VARIABLES FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

A. Age
16-17 10 100%
18-19 0 0%
20-21 0 0%
22 and above 0 0%

B. Sex
Male 2 20%
Female 8 80%
C. section
Jade 3 30%
Ruby 1 10%
Diamond 4 40%
Sapphire 2 20%

Profile of the Respondents

 Table 1 shows the frequency of distribution of the profile of the respondents in

terms of age, sex and section.

Age. In terms of age, most of grade 11 students in San Pedro Apartado National

High School are 16-17 years old (10 or 100%).

Sex. In terms of sex, the table shows that 2 out of 10 of respondents are male

(2 or 20%) and 8 female (8 or 80%).

Section. In terms of section, in our 10 respondents we have 3 (3 or 30%) in

Jade, 1 (1 or 10%) in Ruby, 4 (4 or 40%) in Diamond, and 2 (2 or 20%) in Sapphire.

Curfew is a regulation requiring people to remain indoors between specified

hours, typically at night. According to Ruefle and Reynolds, little or no recent empirical

evidence indicates that curfew initiatives have an effect on juvenile crime, nor has

research addressed the impact of curfews and their enforcement on the criminal justice

system as a whole.

The data showed the result of Grade 11 students in San Pedro Apartado

National High School in their demographic profile. The data is well constructed and easy

to understand. In our respondents their are 7 female and 2 male. Most of them are 16-

17 years old.
TABLE 2.1: Rules and Regulation

N=10

RULES AND REGULATION DE

WM

1. The provisions of the curfew ordinance is 3.2 Sometimes

properly disseminated by the local officials to
the inhabitants of the barangay
2. The barangay officials are strictly
3.1 Sometimes
monitoring the implementation of the
provisions of the curfew ordinance
3. The office of the barangay observes 3.6 Sometimes
and respects human rights during the
implementation of the curfew ordinance
4. The barangay installed proper street 3.8 Sometimes
lights which contributes effective
implementation of the ordinance.
5. The barangay has installed siren of
2.5 Sometimes
good condition to inform the inhabitants
 of the barangay the starting time for
curfew.
6. The barangay has posted sign ages to 2.7 Sometimes
warn or inform the inhabitants on the
sanctions if they will violate the provisions
of the ordinance
7. The local government unit is serious in
4.1 Often
enforcing the curfew ordinance in the
barangay.
Overall Weighted Mean (OWM) 3.29 Sometimes
Legend: Awm *Average Weighted Mean, DE* Descriptive Equivalent, 1.01-1.81 Never, 1.81-2.60
Rarely, 2.61-3.40 Sometimes, 3.41-4.20 Often, 4.21-5 Always.

The Highest weighted mean of 4.1 refers to “The local government unit is

serious in enforcing the curfew ordinance in the barangay”. The weighted mean of 3.8

refers to “The barangay installed proper street lights which contributes effective

implementation of the ordinance”. The weighted mean of 3.6 refers to “The office of

the barangay observes and respects human rights during the implementation of the

curfew ordinance”. The weighted mean of 3.2 refers to “The provisions of the curfew

ordinance is properly disseminated by the local officials to the inhabitants of the

barangay”. The weighted mean of 3.1 refres to “The barangay officials are strictly

monitoring the implementation of the provisions of the curfew ordinance”. The

weighted mean of 2.7 refers to “The barangay has posted sign ages to warn or inform

the inhabitants on the sanctions if they will violate the provisions of the ordinance”. The
lowest weighted mean of 2.5 refers to “The barangay has installed siren of good

condition to inform the inhabitants of the barangay the starting time for curfew”.

The Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) and the

Department of Interior of Local Government (DILG), in consultation with the Philippine

National Police (PNP), shall, within (90) days from the passage of this Act.

DISCIPLINARY MEASURES WM DE

1. The execution of the curfew 3.4 Sometimes

law is effective
2. The safety of the youth is 4.7 Often
assured when it comes to curfew
law.
3. The curfew law is relevant to 4.6 Often
the country.
4. A curfew law regulates when 4.4 Often
people should be off the streets
and when businesses should
close.
5. The proper time to arrest 3 Sometimes
 curfew violators being followed.
Overall Weighted Mean (OWM) 4.02 Often

TABLE 2.2: Disciplinary Measures

N=10
Legend: Awm *Average Weighted Mean, DE* Descriptive Equivalent, 1.01-1.81 Never, 1.81-2.60
Rarely,

2.61-3.40 Sometimes, 3.41-4.20 Often, 4.21-5 Always.

The highest weighted mean of 4.7 refers to “The safety of the youth is assured

when it comes to curfew law”. The weighted mean of 4.6 refers to “The curfew law is

relevant to the country”. The weighted mean of 4.4 refers to “A curfew law regulates

when people should be off the streets and when businesses should close”. The

weighted mean of 3.4 refers to “The execution of the curfew law is effective”. The

lowest weighted mean of 3 refers to “The proper time to arrest curfew violators being

followed”.

Puzzanchera, C. [Accessed December 2013], we used a standardized set of

keywords to search 24 database for studies that evaluated effectiveness outcome

measures of juvenile curfew laws. After applying the exclusion criteria and removing

duplicate studies, 14 studies of juvenile curfews remained.

TABLE 3: Strategies to enhance the Implementation of Curfew Hours

N=10

Possible strategies Number of grade 11 Number of grade 11

students who students who didn't
encountered the encountered the strategy
strategy
1. Students must have 4 6
enough knowledge about
curfew hours for them/us to
understand the purpose of the
topic
2. Students who are 18 above 2 8
are allowed to go outside but
with safety protocols
3. Those who patrol during 3 7
curfew hours will be more
productive.
4. The rules and regulation of 1 9
the curfew hours is a must for the
minors
5. Strict implementation of 1 9
punishment to those who disobey
the curfew hours
6. Students also need to follow the 5 5
protocols so they cannot go out
especially curfew time.

This table shows the strategies that is efficient in implementing curfew hours.

The highest strategy that grade 11 students encountered is “Students also need

to follow the protocols so they cannot go out especially curfew time” answered by our 5

respondents, followed by “Students must have enough knowledge about curfew hours

for them/us to understand the purpose of the topic” answered by our 4 respondents.

Next is “Those who patrol during curfew hours will be more productive” answered by

our 3 respondents. Followed by “The rules and regulation of the curfew hours is a must

for the minors” and “Strict implementation of punishment to those who disobey the

curfew hours” answered by 1 of our respondents.

Therefore that Pundits contend that curfews are only another law

implementation weapon that is destined to be distorted by police and local security unit

to mention youth for curfew violations when they are suspect of committing other

crimes, but there is inadequate evidence for an arrest (Adams, 2003)

 Chapter 5

SUMMERY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary of Findings

The researchers undertook this study primarily to determine the Effectiveness of

curfew hours. Briefly, the findings of the study are summarized as follows:

The data in the demographic profile of the grade 11 students involved in this study

revealed that according to age, it was noted that ages to 16-17 have the highest

number of respondents with 10 or 100%, while the ages 18-19, 20-21 and 22 above

are 0 or 0%. In line with sex, 8 or 80 % of the respondents are female and 2 or 20%

of the respondents are male. In line with section, in our 10 respondents we have 4 or

40% in diamond, 3 or 30% in jade, 2 or 20% in sapphire and 1 or 10% in ruby. In

terms of rules and regulations with a mean of 27 , followed by disciplinary measures

with a mean of 20.1.

 In the Rules and Regulations the highest weighted mean of 4.1 refers to “The

local government unit is serious in enforcing the curfew ordinance in the barangay”.

The weighted mean of 3.8 refers to “The barangay installed proper street lightning

which contributes effective implementation of the ordinance”. The weighted mean of

3.6 refers to “The office of the barangay observes and respects human rights during the

implementation of the curfew ordinance”. The weighted mean of 3.2 refers to “The

provisions of the curfew ordinance is properly disseminated by the local officials to the

inhabitants of the barangay”. The weighted mean of 3.1 refres to “The barangay

officials are strictly monitoring the implementation of the provisions of the curfew

ordinance”. The weighted mean of 2.7 refers to “The barangay has posted sign ages to

warn or inform the inhabitants on the sanctions if they will violate the provisions of the

ordinance”. The lowest weighted mean of 2.5 refers to “The barangay has installed

siren of good condition to inform the inhabitants of the barangay the starting time for

curfew”.

Conclusions

Most of the respondents are female and all of them are 16-17 years old.

Implementation of curfew hours has a lot of advantage that can't be appreciated by

teens especially with the age running 16-17.

 Having a bunch of advantage means you also have to face a tons of struggles.

The main struggles you're facing in implementing a curfew hours is the stubborn of

students. Existence of rules and punishment doesn't prevent them to do whatever they

want

Recommendation

The researchers would like to recommend this study of the following:

1. Based on the findings of the study, the researchers will recommend to the

school through the administration to less the minors and adults commit crime

prevention in the community. That would be guided by the parents because it is good

to see that the minor and adult have out of school is molding into strong and

competent effective and globally qualified, which we can offer the services towards to

the community, that the quality of the school and the credibility is priceless.

2. The community of Barangay must cooperate and participate to the

implementation of the curfew hour implementation offered to the institution because it

is only for the good of the people and the quality to know the law is when it comes that

the credential comes to you, are heavy and more highly trained student and become a

professional.
 3. Future Researchers, the researchers believed that the result is relevant and

important because it can be used by future researchers to conduct further investigation.

Thus, the researchers recommend and encourage the future researchers to conduct the

same study on to continue the outcome of the study for helping the school, and give

more trust of the public regarding the credibility and the quality of the school would be

much higher. And to give good quality of education to all students so that they are

competent and globally qualified in all aspects.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

JOURNALS (APA)

Adams, Kenneth . 2002. The effects of juvenile curfew on violent crime. Final report to

the National Institute of Justice (draft). Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice.

Brass, P. 2006. Collective Violence, Human Rights, and the Politics of Curfew. Journal of

Human Rights, 5, 323–340.

Cooper, T., Scott, J., Barclay, E., Sims, M. & Love, T. 2016. Crime prevention and young

people: Models and future direction for youth night patrols. Crime Prevention and

Community Safety, 18, 226–283.

Department of Child Protection 2012. Young People in Northbridge Project, Perth,

Department of Child Protection. Fried, C. S. 2001. Juvenile curfews: are they an

effective and constitutional means of combating juvenile violence?. Behavioral Sciences

& the Law, 19, 127–141.

McDowall, D., Loftin, C. & Wiersema, B. 2000. The Impact of Youth Curfew Laws on

Juvenile Crime Rates. Crime & Delinquency, 46, 76–91.

O'Neil, M. 2002. Youth Curfews in the United States: The Creation of Public Spheres for

Some Young People. Journal of Youth Studies, 5, 49–67.

Outcare n.d. Curfews For Juveniles, do They Work?, Perth, Outcare.

Walsh, C. 1999. Imposing order: Child Safety Orders and Local Child Curfew schemes.

The Journal of Social Welfare & Family Law, 21, 135–149

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION I
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PANGASINAN II
SAN PEDRO APARTADO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
ALCALA, PANGASINAN
LETTER TO THE VALIDATOR

June 01, 2021

Dear Ma’am/Sir,

We, the grade 11 students are currently working on our research entitled “The
Effectiveness of Implementation of Curfew Hours to the Selected Grade 11 Students
in San Pedro Apartado National High School”

In this regard, may we respectfully seek your technical expertise in the content validation
of the questionnaire that was constructed. Please feel free to correct the items or to make
comments and suggestions for the improvement of the questionnaire.

We deeply appreciate your cooperation and support.

Thank you very much.

Respectfully yours, Noted by:

BAGAT, MELVIN C. MR. DHANGIL T. SURATOS

CABAMONGAN, PRINCESS NOVIE LYN R. Research adviser
FERNANDO, ROMMEL C.
GUERERO, MARK RHEY Q.
JUNIO, BERT RUDOLF C.
LAYOSO, RHAFAEL GLENN F.
NOVELOSO, KENNETH M.
SAMBAJON, ETHEL ANGELIQUE G.
Researchers

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION I
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PANGASINAN II
SAN PEDRO APARTADO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
ALCALA, PANGASINAN
Direction: Read the direction and items in the questionnaire. Then read each statements in the
evaluation sheet and rate each item using the rating scale below putting a check ( √ ) mark on
the appropriate column of the evaluation

Indicators of Validity Rating

4 3 2 1

1. The direction given are clear in all sections of data

gathering instrument.
2. Each item is clearly stated.

3. Each item is readable easily.

4. Each item is attractive to read and good spacing is

observed.
5. The data gathering instruments is comprehensive i.e. it
covered all the areas that are important in the study.

6. Each item is focused on a particular thought or idea.

7. The items are objective i.e. the response to be elicited are
neither biased nor reactive.

8. The items are formulated in accordance to the

explicit/implicit objective of the study.

9. The items do not overplant with each other, no duplication

of items is observed

LEGEND

RATE SCALE INTERPRETATION

4 3.25-4.00 HIGHLY VALID

3 2.50-3.24 VALID

2 1.75-2.49 FAIRLY VALID

1 1.00-1.74 NOT VALID

Validated by: _______________________

 LETTER TO THE RESPONDENTS

SAN PEDRO APARTADO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Alcala, Pangasinan

Madam/Sir:

Greetings!

We, the HUMSS students of San Pedro Apartado National High School presently

conducting a research entitled, “THE EFFECTIVENESS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF

CURFEW HOURS TO THE SELECTED GRADE 11 STUDENTS IN SAN PEDRO

APARTADO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL”. With this, may we request your

permission to collect data by answering the survey questionnaire.

An information provided will be kept in utmost confidentiality and would be used

only for academic purposes.

Your support and participation in this particular research endeavor is

appreciated.

Thank you very much for your cooperation

Very truly yours, Noted by:

BAGAT, MELVIN C. MR. DHANGIL T. SURATOS

CABAMONGAN, PRINCESS NOVIE LYN R. Research adviser
FERNANDO, ROMMEL C.
GUERERO, MARK RHEY Q.
JUNIO, BERT RUDOLF C.
LAYOSO, RHAFAEL GLENN F.
NOVELOSO, KENNETH M.
SAMBAJON, ETHEL ANGELIQUE G.
Researchers

APPENDICES

QUESTIONNAIRES

PART I: DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS

NAME: (OPTIONAL) _________________________________________

AGE:

___16-17 ___ 20-21

___18-19 ___22 and above

SEX:

___Male ___Female

SECTION:

___Jade ___Diamond

___Ruby ___Sapphire
PART II: EXTENT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CURFEW HOURS IN SAN

PEDRO APARTADO, ALCALA, PANGASINAN IN TERMS OF RULES AND

REGULATION AND DISCIPLINARY MEASURES.

Direction: Please check (✔) and rate yourself honestly based on what actually do

given the statements using the following scales.

5-always (A) 4-often (O) 3-sometimes (S) 2-rarely(R) 1-never (N

A.RULES AND REGULATION

Indicators 5 4 3 2 1

(A) (O) (S) (R) (N)

1. The provisions of the curfew ordinance

is properly disseminated by the local
officials to the inhabitants of the barangay.

2. The barangay officials are strictly

monitoring the implementation of the
provisions of the curfew ordinance.

3. The office of the barangay observes and

respects human rights during the
implementation of the curfew ordinance.

4. The barangay installed proper street

lightning which contributes effective
implementation of the ordinance.

5. The barangay has installed siren of

good condition to inform the inhabitants of
the barangay the starting time for curfew.

6. The barangay has posted sign ages to

warn or inform the inhabitants on the
sanctions if they will violate the provisions
of the ordinance.

7. The local government unit is serious in

enforcing the curfew ordinance in the
barangay.

B. DISCIPLINARY MEASURES

Indicators 5 4 3 2 1

(A) (O) (S) (R) (N)

1.The execution of the curfew law is effective.

2.The safety of the youth is assured when it

comes to curfew law.

3.The curfew law is relevant to the country.

4.A curfew law regulates when people should be

off the streets and when businesses should
close.

5.The proper time to arrest curfew violators

being followed.

B. What strategies maybe propose to enhance the implementation of curfew hours to

the selected grade 11 students of San Pedro Apartado National High School?
 CURRICULUM VITAE

He is Melvin F. Bagat. He lives in Vacante, Alcala, Pangasinan. He was born on

October 21, 2004 and his religion is Catholic. He is a Filipino Citizen. His father’s name

is Hilario Bagat and his Mother’s name is Imelda Bagat. He graduated his elementary at

Vacante Elementary School located at Vacante, Alcala, Pangasinan. He graduated at

San Pedro Apartado National High School for his junior high school and now currently

studying at the same school for his senior high school taking Humanities and Social

Sciences (HUMSS).
 She is Princess Novie Lyn R. Cabamongan. She lives in Gualao Bersamin, Alcala,

Pangasinan. She was born on November 05, 2003 and her religion is Catholic. She is a

Filipino Citizen. Her father’s name is Dominador Cabamongan and her Mother’s name is

Lanie Cabamongan. She graduated her elementary at Bersamin Elementary School

located at Bersamin, Alcala, Pangasinan. She graduated at Bersamin Agro Industrial

High School for her junior high school and now currently studying at San Pedro

Apartado National High School for her senior high school taking Humanities and Social

Sciences (HUMSS).
 He is Rommel C. Fernando. He lives in Vacante, Alcala, Pangasinan. He was born

on October 17, 2004 and his religion is Catholic. He is a Filipino Citizen. His father’s

name is Romeo V. Fernando and his Mother’s name is Esmeralda C. Fernando. He

graduated his elementary at Vacante Elementary School located at Vacante, Alcala,

Pangasinan. He graduated at San Pedro Apartado National High School for his junior

high school and now currently studying at the same school for his senior high school

taking Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS).

 He is Mark Rhey Q. Guerero. He lives in San Pedro Apartado, Alcala, Pangasinan.

He was born on September 09, 2004 and his religion is Iglesia Filipina Independiente.

He is a Filipino Citizen. His father’s name is Roy Guerero and his Mother’s name is Mary

Ann Guerero. He graduated his elementary at San Pedro Apartado Elementary School

located at San Pedro Apartado, Alcala, Pangasinan. He graduated at San Pedro

Apartado National High School for his junior high school and now currently studying at

the same school for his senior high school taking Humanities and Social Sciences

(HUMSS).
 He is Bert Rudolf C. Junio. He lives in San Pedro Apartado, Alcala, Pangasinan.

He was born on March 9, 2004 and his religion is Catholic. He is a Filipino Citizen. His

father’s name is Feliciano C. Junio and his Mother’s name is Berlyn A. Cabanilla. He

graduated his elementary at Rosales South Central School located at Rosales,

Pangasinan. He graduated at San Pedro Apartado National High School for his junior

high school and now currently studying at the same school for his senior high school

taking Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS).

 He is Rhafael Glenn F. Layoso. He lives in Vacante, Alcala, Pangasinan. He was

born on September 18, 2004 and his religion is Catholic. He is a Filipino Citizen. His

father’s name is Rodolfo C. Layoso and his mother’s name is Joenalyn F. Fernando. He

graduated his elementary at Vacante Elementary School located at Vacante Alcala,

Pangasinan. He graduated at San Pedro Apartado National High School for his junior

high school and now currently studying at the same school for his senior high school

taking Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS).

 He is Kenneth M. Noveloso. He lives in Vacante, Alcala, Pangasinan. He was born

on November 08,2003 and his religion is Born Again. He is a Filipino Citizen. His father’s

name is Melchor Noveloso and his Mother’s name is Melinda Noveloso. He graduated his

elementary at Vacante Elementary School located at Vacante, Alcala, Pangasinan. He

graduated at San Pedro Apartado National High School for his junior high school and

now currently studying at the same school for his senior high school taking Humanities

and Social Sciences (HUMSS).

 She is Ethel Angelique G. Sambajon. She lives in Vacante, Alcala, Pangasinan.

She was born on July 05, 2004 and her religion is Methodist. She is a Filipino Citizen.

Her father’s name is Albert C. Sambajon and her Mother’s name is Edlyn G. Sambajon.

She graduated her elementary at Alcala Central School located at Alcala, Pangasinan.

She graduated at Cipriano P. Primicias National High School for her junior high school
and now currently studying at San Pedro Apartado National High School for her senior

high school taking Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS).