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Lab 12 Solidelement

The document describes using finite element analysis to analyze stress and displacement in a tunnel wall. It includes: 1) Modeling a semi-circular tunnel as a solid element model in 3D space, applying material properties of concrete to the tunnel wall and constraints fixing its base. 2) Applying a vertical load of 10 GN to simulate the weight of the tunnel and solving the model to obtain nodal displacement and stress distributions. 3) Analyzing two proposed redesigns, Design A and B, that extend the entrance and exit walls, and comparing their effectiveness at reducing stress in these regions.

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Wong Hang Sing
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37 views28 pages

Lab 12 Solidelement

The document describes using finite element analysis to analyze stress and displacement in a tunnel wall. It includes: 1) Modeling a semi-circular tunnel as a solid element model in 3D space, applying material properties of concrete to the tunnel wall and constraints fixing its base. 2) Applying a vertical load of 10 GN to simulate the weight of the tunnel and solving the model to obtain nodal displacement and stress distributions. 3) Analyzing two proposed redesigns, Design A and B, that extend the entrance and exit walls, and comparing their effectiveness at reducing stress in these regions.

Uploaded by

Wong Hang Sing
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BDA 31003

FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

Laboratory Session 13
SOLID ELEMENT
Solid Element Problem
A motorway tunnel through a hilly area is as shown in the figure below. To simplify
the problem, the tunnel wall is assumed to be made of concrete with modulus of
elasticity of 40 GPa and Poisson’s ratio of 0.2. The 100 m long semi-circular tunnel is
10 m in radius (outer) with 2 m in thickness. Assuming 10 GN of weight exerted
vertically on the tunnel, evaluate the nodal displacement and stress distributions in
the tunnel wall.

DR HZ 2
Type of Analysis Selection

From the main screen, double click


Analysis (default Static 3D).

Double click!

DR HZ 3
…Type of Analysis Selection

A Global Properties dialog appears, then under General tab, select


3D > Static 3D.

DR HZ 4
Defining Material Properties
⚫ Right click at Default (Components & Materials) > Assign new
material.
⚫ A blank material dialog appear, click Geometric tab, select None.
Switch to Mechanical tab, select Isotropic option. Enter the
Young’s modulus = 40 GPa and Poisson’s ratio = 0.2. Close to
exit the dialog.

DR HZ 5
Renaming the component and material

Select Default (0 elements) > Right click > Select


Rename > Type “Tunnel Wall” > Click OK.
Select Material > Right click > Select Rename >
Type “Concrete” > Click OK.

DR HZ 6
Creating Geometrical Model

On the main screen, click New node then enter the coordinates of
the 2 left bottom end nodes to create the tunnel wall in x-y plane.

DR HZ 7
…Creating Geometrical Model

To view in x-y plane, to re-size the model to fit


the screen and to show the node numbers, click
all the following tabs.

XY view Fit to screen Show node and


element numbers

DR HZ 8
Creating Element
Create a single line2 element from node 1 and 2.

DR HZ 9
… Creating Element
⚫ Click the Select nodes icon, click on node 1 and 2 simultaneously
until it turn blue. Then, click the Select faces icon. The green line
will turn blue.

DR HZ 10
… Creating Element
⚫ Click the Revolve icon. Enter Angle = 180 and Number of
subdivisions = 10 in the dialog. Select –Z for Axis of revolution.

DR HZ 11
… Creating Element
⚫ Select all the faces to be extruded. Click the Extrude icon. Enter
Thickness = 100 and Number of subdivisions = 25 in the dialog.
Select –Z for Direction.

DR HZ 12
Checking the Material Properties Assigned
to all Elements
Click Mesh tools > Nodes/Element list. Check the Shape of the
elements. All the elements are assigned as hex8 element.

DR HZ 13
Applying Constraint
The tunnel is fixed at its base. All 3 dof; displx = display = displz = 0.

DR HZ 14
Applying Loads
10 GN of weight acting vertically on the tunnel; Forcey = -10E9.

DR HZ 15
Renaming the Constraints & Load
Right click on Unnamed > Rename. On the displayed dialog, change
the name to the corresponding displacements and force.

DR HZ 16
Solving Stage

To solve the model, go to Tools menu then select Solve or from


the toll bar press on Solve tool

or

Don’t forget to save your work, File > Save or


File >Save as if you want to save as different name.

DR. HZ
Viewing Results / Post Processing

DR HZ 18
Viewing Results / Post Processing

DR HZ 19
Activity 12
From the Displacement Magnitude and von Mises Stress experienced by the tunnel
wall, it was found that the highest displacement and stress are at the tunnel entrance
and exit. It is decided to strengthen the entrance and exit wall by altering the design
such as Design A and B. Evaluate the effectiveness of both designs.

Original Design

Design A

12 m extension 12 m extension

DR HZ 20
… Activity 12
Design B

4 m extension 4 m extension

6m

Entrance Exit

Hint: Revolve, Extrude, Merge nearby nodes

DR HZ 21
Results
Design A

DR HZ 22
Results
Design A

DR HZ 23
Results
Design A

DR HZ 24
Results
Design B

DR HZ 25
Results
Design B

DR HZ 26
Results
Design B

DR HZ 27
FINISH!!!

DR HZ 28

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