REVIEW ON SOCIOLOGY OF CRIMES AND ETHICS

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ANALYZING TEST ITEMS

PHILIPPINE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM

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1. It comprises all the means used to enforce those standards of conduct, which are deemed necessary to
protect individuals and to maintain general community well - being.
A. Criminal Justice System
B. Crime Justice System
C. Justice Cycle
D. Science of Justice
2. Which of the pillar of Philippine Criminal Justice is the “prime mover”
A. Police
B. Prosecution
C. Court
D. Correction
3. The Five Pillars of Criminal Justice system are
A. prosecution, the Judiciary, correctional institution, Community: and law enforcement
B. Law Enforcement; The Prosecution; The Judiciary; The correctional institution, and Community
C. Correctional institution, Community, enforcement, the Prosecution and Judiciary
D. Community, Law Enforcement, prosecution, judiciary; and law enforcement
4. Of the five Pillars, three falls under the executive branch of the government, namely:
A. Judiciary, law enforcement and prosecution
B. Correctional Institution, prosecution and Judiciary
C. Law Enforcement, Prosecution and Correctional Institution
D. Community, law enforcement and Judiciary
5. Which among of the pillars has the broadest jurisdiction?
A. Law Enforcement
B. Prosecution
C. Court
D. Correction
E. Community
6. Which among the following criminal justice model is based on the idea that the most important functions of
the pillars of the Criminal Justice System are the protection of the public and the repression of criminal
conduct?
A. Crime Control
B. Crime Detection
C. Crime Prevention
D. Crime Reduction
7. Who is known as the Superstar in the Criminal Justice System?
A. Judge
B. Police
C. Suspect/Criminal
D. Victim
8. The forgotten person in the CJS?
A. Criminal
B. Victim
C. Suspect
D. Police
9. Who is the First PNP Chief?
A. Police Director General CESAR NAZARENO
B. Police Director General RAFAEL T. CRAME
C. Police Director General LAMBERTO JAVALERA
D. Police Director General PING LACSON
10. What do you call the arrest made by an ordinary citizen of the community under the conditions prescribed
under Rule 113 Section 5 of the Revised Rules of Court?
 A. Ordinary Arrest
B. Police Apprehension
C. Warranted Arrest
D. Warrantless Arrest
11. Which among the following is considered as the weakest link of the Philippine Criminal Justice System?
A. Corrections
B. Court
C. Police
D. Prosecution
12. The government is divided into three equal co-ordinated branches namely.
A. Congress, Senate, Supreme Court
B. RTC, CA, Supreme Court
C. Legislative, Executive and Judiciary
D. Congress, President, DOJ
13. The primary law enforcement agency of the country, which is national in scope and civilian in character.
A. PNP
B. NBI
C. PDEA
D. BID
14. Which of the pillar of CJS is the investigator/state representative?
A. Law Enforcement Pillar
B. Prosecution Pillar
C. Court Pillar
D. Correction Pillar
15. When in his presence, the person to be arrested has committed, is actually committing, or is attempting to
commit an offense is a scenario which can also be called as…
A. Hot Pursuit
B. Fugitives from Justice
C. In Flagrante Delicto
D. Prisoners Arrest
16. What are acts or omissions punishable by special laws enacted by the Congress of the Philippines?
A. Crimes
B. Felonies
C. Misdemeanors
D. Offenses
17. Which of the pillars of Philippine Criminal Justice is the center pillar or interpreter?
A. Law Enforcement Pillar
B. Prosecution Pillar
C. Court Pillar
D. Correction Pillar
18. Who supervises and controls the training and operations of security agencies and issues licenses to
operate security agencies, and to security guards and private detective, on the practice of their
profession?
A. Corrections
B. Court
C. Police
D. Prosecution
19. This refers to the ways and means resorted to by the police wherein they catch criminals by having
personal knowledge of the crimes wherein the mens rea came from the perpetrators?
A. Entrapment
B. Hot Pursuit
C. In Flagrante delicto
D. Instigation
20. When the person to be arrested is a one who has escaped from a penal establishment or place where he
is serving or has escaped while being transferred from one confinement to another under Sec. 5, Rule 113
of the Revised Rules of Court is also known as…
A. Caught in the Act
B. Hot Pursuit
C. Fugitives from Justice
D. Prisoners Arrest
21. Supreme Court is presided over by a chief Justice and is composed of_______Justices, including the
Chief Justice?
A. 14
B. 15
C. 16
D. 17
22. It is an inquiry or proceeding for the purpose of determining whether there is sufficient ground to engender
a well - founded belief that a crime cognizable by the Regional Trial Court has been committed and that
the respondent is probably guilty thereof and be held for trial.
A. Custodial Investigation
B. Final Investigation
C. Preliminary Investigation
D. Tactical Interrogation
23. Which of the pillars of Philippine Criminal Justice is the reformer?
A. Law Enforcement Pillar
B. Prosecution Pillar
C. Court Pillar
D. Correction Pillar
24. In bringing the offender to the folds of the law and assisting in their conviction, what is the role of the
police when the case is under trial?
A. Act as witness in favor of the defense
B. Act as a witness in favor of the prosecution
C. Be responsible for the detention of the accused
D. Provide the court with evidence
25. It is a sworn written statement charging a person for an offense, subscribed by the offended party, public
officers or any peace officer in charged of the law violated.
A. Affidavit
B. Complaint
C. Information
D. Statement
26. It is an accusation in writing charging a person for an offense, subscribed by the fiscal and filed before the
court.
A. Affidavit
B. Complaint
C. Information
D. Statement
27. It is an agency of the government empowered by the constitution to determine the guilt of the accused.
A. Corrections
B. Court
C. Police
D. Prosecution
28. Which of the components of Philippine Criminal Justice is the base pillar?
A. Police
B. Community
C. Correction
D. Court
29. What do you call the order issues by the investigating prosecutor to compel the presence of the accused
in a particular time and date?
A. Certiorari
B. Mandamus
C. Quo Warranto
D. Subpoena
30. What serves as a basis in charging or prosecuting a person with and for an offense?
A. Intelligence Report
B. Judge’s Whim
C. Probable Cause
D. Raw Information
31. It is a program of activity directed to restore an inmate’s self respect thereby making him a law-abiding
citizen after serving his sentence.
A. Reformation
B. Restitution
C. Retribution
D. Revival
32. It is the adjudication by the court that the accused is guilty or not of the offense charged, aid in the
imposition of the proper penalty and civil liability provided for by the law on the accused.
A. Appeal
B. Arraignment
C. Judgment
D. Pre Trial
33. Which of the following is formerly known as Inferior Court?
A. Court of Appeals
B. Municipal Trial Court
 C. Regional Trial Court
D. Sandiganbayan
34. Under the Miranda Doctrine, the accused has the following rights except …
A. The right to appeal in an adverse judgment.
B. The right to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation against him.
C. The right to counsel of his own choice.
D. The right to remain silent.
35. It is the Witness Protection, Security and Benefit Act of the Philippines
A. RA 6981
B. RA 7610
C. RA 8551
D. RA 9344
36. Who issues warrant of arrest?
A. Fiscal
B. Judge
C. Lawyer
D. Police
37. What is the branch of criminology, which deals with the management and administration of inmates?
A. Criminalistics
B. Etiology of Crime
C. Penology
D. Sociology of Law
38. It refers to the grass root approach undertaken to bring the people and the police closer together in a more
cooperative condition.
A. Community Empowerment
B. People Power
C. Proper Cooperation
D. Team Policing
39. It refers to the civilian agency of the government responsible for the enforcement of laws, prevention and
control of crimes, maintenance of peace and order and ensuring public safety and the internal security
with the active support of the community.
A. AFP
B. NBI
C. PLEB
D. PNP
40. It is a written direction or command of the court or any other competent authority consigning an offender to
jail or prison for confinement.
A. Commitment Order
B. Detention Paper
C. Imprisonment Ruling
D. Incarceration Memo
41. What is defined as the taking of a person into custody in order that he may be bound to answer for the
commission of an offense?
A. Arrest
B. Detain
C. Entrapment
D. Instigate
42. The following are the legal grounds for detention under Philippine laws except …
A. Commission of a crime
B. Disease requiring immediate medical attention
C. Filing an Administrative case against the Chief of Police
D. Violent insanity
43. Who is the Initiator of action in the Philippine Criminal Justice System?
A. Corrections
B. Court
C. Law Enforcement
D. Prosecution
44. Which among the following was formerly known as the Court of First Instance?
A. Court of Appeals
B. Municipal Trial Court
C. Regional Trial Court
D. Supreme Court
45. This was established under Batas Pambansa Bilang 129 known as “The Judiciary Reorganization Act of
1980”. The Court is composed of one (1) Presiding Justice and sixty eight (68) Associate Justices.
A. Court of Appeals
B. Family Court
 C. Sandiganbayan
D. Supreme Court
46. The Barangay Court System was created to amicably settle cases within their respective barangay,
punishable by imprisonment not exceeding …
A. One year
B. Two years
C. Three years
D. Four years
47. Who heads the Lupon Tagapamayapa as prescribed in Republic Act 7160?
A. Barangay Chairman
B. City Mayor
C. District Representative
D. Provincial Governor
48. What is considered as the base and most important pillar of the Philippine criminal justice because without
its cooperation, the other pillars cannot exercise their functions well and attain their goals and objectives?
A. Community
B. Corrections
C. Law Enforcement
D. Prosecution
49. It is the law that provides for Barangay Court System.
A. Republic Act 4864
B. Republic Act 5487
C. Republic Act 6975
D. Republic Act 7160
50. Who among the following conducts preliminary investigation to determine if there is probable cause?
A. Clerk of Court
B. Police
C. Prosecutor
D. Warden
51. It is called as the initiator of action in the Philippine Criminal Justice System.
A. Corrections
B. Court
C. Law Enforcement
D. Prosecution
52. It is an authority conferred by law to act in certain conditions or situations in accordance with an official’s
or an official agency’s own considered judgment and conscience.
A. Command
B. Discretion
C. Jurisdiction
D. Power
53. It is an order in writing issued in the name of the People of the Philippines, signed by the judge, directing
the peace officer to take the custody of the person stated therein in order to answer for the commission of
an offense.
A. Arrest Warrant
B. Commitment Order
C. Search Warrant
D. Subpoena
54. It is known as The Anti-Violence against Women and their Children Act of 2004.
A. Republic Act 8505
B. Republic Act 9160
C. Republic Act 9262
D. Republic Act 9344
55. It is under the supervision and control of the Department of Justice and is tasked as the prosecutorial arm
of the government.
A. National Prosecution Service
B. Ombudsman
C. Sandiganbayan
D. Truth Commission
56. Which of the following determines jurisdiction in criminal cases?
A. Place where the crime was committed
B. Place where the judge lives
C. Residence of the accused
D. Residence of the victim
57. A complaint or information is sufficient if it states the following except…
A. Acts or omissions complained of as constituting the offense
B. Designation of the offense given by the statute
 C. Name of the accused
D. Number of witnesses
58. It is a sector of the community which is considered as the “cradle of human personality.”
A. Church
B. Family
C. Media
D. School
59. It is tasked for the treatment and rehabilitation of National Prisoners which is under the Department of
Justice.
A. Bureau of Correction
B. Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
C. Bureau of Prisons
D. Bureau of Punishment
60. Where can we find the fastest growing and youngest correctional institution in the Philippine Correction
Administration System?
A. Davao
B. Iwahig
C. Leyte
D. Sablayan
61. Which of the following is considered as the first prison in the country where Dr. Jose P. Rizal was
imprisoned?
A. Fort Bonifacio
B. Fort Del Pilar
C. Fort Magsaysay
D. Fort Santiago
62. The following are the three (3) classifications of detainees except …
A. Awaiting Final Judgment
B. Awaiting Final Release in the Prison
C. Undergoing Investigation
D. Undergoing Trial
63. It refers to a person who is sentence to a prison term of over three (3) years or to pay a fine of more than
one (1) thousand pesos or both fine and imprisonment.
A. Insular Prisoner
B. Municipal Prisoner
C. Provincial Prisoner
D. Regional Prisoner
64. The time limit for the supreme court to render judgment is
A. 24 months
B. 12 months
C. 9 months
D. 3 months
65. The time limit for Collegiate courts to render judgment is
A. 24 months
B. 12 months
C. 9 months
D. 3 months
66. The time limit for other lower courts to render Judgment is
A. 24 months
B. 12 months
C. 9 months
D. 3 months
67. All but one, are the general rules in barangay justice system.
A. NO LAWYERS allowed in barangay hearings.
B. Not all cases go to the Katarungan Pambarangay.
C. Execution may be filed in court.
D. The Lupong Tagapamayapa is a court.
68. It is a warrant issued by the court bearing it seals and the signature of the judge directing a correctional
facility to receive the convicted offender for service of sentence imposed therein.
A. Mittimus
B. Carpeta
C. Certiorari
D. Mandamus
69. Crime is said to be multi-faceted because it is, EXCEPT
A. a political problem
B. a social problem
 C. an economic problem
D. an individual problem
70. Criminal Justice System (CJS) is said to be a process in a community… It is a process because it follows
a step-by-step procedure. Which of the following procedures follows the CJS process?
A. accused is tried; upon correction, convict is assimilated to the mainstream society; if found
guilty, convict is place on correction; respondent is prosecuted; suspect is taken into custody;
crime is investigated
B. crime is investigated; suspect is taken into custody; respondent is prosecuted; accused is tried;
if found guilty, convict is place on correction; upon correction, convict is assimilated to the
mainstream society
C. suspect is taken into custody; crime is investigated; upon correction, convict is assimilated to
the mainstream society; accused is tried; respondent is prosecuted; if found guilty, convict is
place on correction
D. upon correction, convict is assimilated to the mainstream society; if found guilty, convict is place
on correction; accused is tried; respondent is prosecuted; suspect is taken into custody; crime is
investigated
71. A term given to a person under investigation by the police.
A. offender
B. respondent
C. suspect
D. violator
72. Term given to a person under preliminary investigation.
A. accused
B. convict
C. offender
D. respondent
73. He is the offended party, aggrieved party, or the complainant. In CJS, he is considered as the forgotten
soul.
A. guilty party
B. People of the Philippines
C. victim
D. witness
74. Technically, when is the start of forgetting the victim, that is, when his/her name no longer appears as the
complainant?
A. upon assimilation in the community
B. upon conviction of the offender
C. upon filing of charges by the prosecutor
D. upon investigation by the police
75. Agency in the government that takes charge of undesirable aliens/foreigners.
A. Bureau of Immigration and Deportation
B. Department of National Defense
C. National Bureau of Investigation
D. National Statistics Office
76. When the case reaches the court, the name of the victim as the private offended party will no longer
appear in the caption. This being the case, what name will appear instead of the private offended party?
A. Name of Municipality or City of the Offended Party
B. Name of the Police Office where the investigator is assigned
C. Name of the State
D. People of the Philippines
77. The offender is considered as the superstar of the CJS because
A. All attention is given only to him.
B. He/she initiates the process of the CJS.
C. He/she is always present in CJS.
D. He/she receives all the credits there is.
78. Considered the fundamental law of the land.
A. Civil Law
B. Constitution
C. Criminal Law
D. Moral Law
79. The Constitution describes the PNP as
 A. military in organization and character
B. national in scope and civilian in character
C. national in scope and military in character
D. regional in implementation and national in remuneration
80. What crimes which are under Katarungang Pambarangay System (KPS)?
A. crime punishable by more than one year imprisonment
B. crimes punishable by not more than one year imprisonment
C. crimes punishable by not more than two years imprisonment
D. crimes that take place in the barangay.
81. What mode of complaint that chairman of KPS will act upon accepts to start the KPS system?
A. e-documents
B. verbal or written
C. written complaint following verbal complaint.
D. written only
82. A sworn written statement charging a person with an offense subscribed by the offended party, any peace
officer or any public officer charged in the enforcement of the law violated.
A. affidavit
B. complaint
C. information
D. jurat
83. An oath of affirmation. It is usually found at the end of a legal writing and stated as: “Subscribed and
sworn to before me. . .”
A. affidavit
B. complaint
C. information
D. jurat
84. The power to try and decide cases.
A. authority
B. jurisdiction
C. power
D. venue
85. Hears cases with imposable penalty of less than 4 yrs, 2 mos & 1 day.
A. Court of Appeals
B. Municipal Trial Court
C. Regional Trial Court
D. Sandiganbayan
86. Metropolitan Trial Court is usually found in
A. City
B. Manila
C. Municipality
D. Regional Office
87. Hears and decides cases with imposable penalty of at least 4 yrs, 2 mos & 1 day.
A. Court of Appeals
B. Municipal Trial Court
C. Regional Trial Court
D. Sandiganbayan
88. Its purpose is to determine probable cause.
A. Arraignment
B. Criminal Investigation
C. Filing of information
D. Preliminary Investigation
89. Where there is no strict following on the rules of evidence.
A. Summary Rules
B. Regular Rules
C. Preliminary Investigation
D. Arraignment
90. A legal process wherein the accused is asked to enter his plea – whether guilty or not guilty.
A. Arraignment
B. Criminal Investigation
C. Filing of information
D. Preliminary Investigation
91. If the accused is not arraigned, the case will be
A. Archived
B. Continued
C. Dismissed
D. Postponed
92. Any affidavit not being testified to in court is considered as
A. Evidence
B. Facts for judge to consider
C. Hearsay
D. Inadmissible
93. When does the court acquire jurisdiction over the person of the accused? When the accused is
A. Convicted
B. In custody
C. At large
D. Acquitted
94. The center stage of Police Officers actions wherein his spectators are the citizens he has sworn to serve
with utmost dedication is the –
A. Court
B. Community
C. Police station
D. None of the foregoing
95. It is an informal and summary investigation conducted by a public prosecutor in criminal cases when the
suspect was arrested without warrant in order to continue the detention of the suspect beyond what is
prescribed by law.
A. Inquest
B. Preliminary Investigation
C. Arraignment
D. Investigation
96. it is the existence of such facts and circumstances as would exile the belief that the person charged is
guilty thereof
A. Probable cause C. Evidence
B. Preliminary investigation D. None of the above

97. The essence of _____________ behooves upon the Community Pillar of which all of us belong that the
problems and challenges of every pillar are likewise our responsibility.
A. People Empowerment C. Police Power
B. State Power D. Statutory Rights
98. Principle of Restorative Justice:
A. Justice requires that we work to restore those who have been injured.
B. Those most directly involved and affected by crime should have the opportunity to participate
fully in response to its solution if they wish.
C. Government’s role is to preserve a just public order, and the community’s role is to build and
maintain a just peace.
D. All of the above
99. Component of the CJS which is vulnerable to corruption.
A. Police C. Prosecutor
B. Judge D. Reformer
100. is the process or method whereby accusations are brought before the court of justice to determine the
guilt or innocence of the accused.
A. Police C. Prosecution
B. Prosecutor D. Inquest