Lesson 1 – Adobe Photoshop 7.

0 Workspace

1.1 Starting Adobe Photoshop 7.0 and Opening Files

Adobe Photoshop 7.0, or simply Photoshop, is a powerful software used by designers and graphic producers in creating
and editing images; from simple to sophisticated images. It has many tools ideal for drawing, painting, retouching, and other
image-editing tasks. It also has integrated Web tools.

To launch Adobe Photoshop 7.0

1. Double-click the icon or click Start from the Windows taskbar

2. Go to All Programs
3. Open Adobe folder
4. Select Adobe Photoshop 7.0

To open a file

1. Click File from the menu bar

2. Select Open
3. Choose a file and click Open

1.2 Adobe Photoshop 7.0 Workspace

After the launch process is complete, the Adobe Photoshop workspace will appear. By default, it will appear in standard
screen mode.

Title Bar – displays the applications name (Adobe Photoshop). In image windows it displays the Name, Zoom Level, Layer Name,
and Color Mode of the current file
 Menu Bar – like other applications, it gives access to different commands and options. Some commands and options can be
accessed by pressing combination of keys (keyboard shortcuts)
Palettes – display sets of commonly used options in Photoshop
Image Window – displays the images for editing
Document Information Menu – contains different information about the current file such as Document Sizes, Document Profile,
Document Dimensions, Scratch Sizes, Efficiency, Timing, and Current Tool
Toolbox – holds the different tools for creating and or editing images
Tool Options Bar – contains the tool presets and properties of the active tool
Tool Description – displays information about the active tool

1.3 The Toolbox

The toolbox is located in the left side of the workspace. It holds the quick access to Adobe Online and ImageReady, the
tools, and the toolbox controls.

1.3.1 Tools

1. To activate a tool, click the button on the toolbox. A tiny triangle located at the lower right corner of a button indicates that
there are other variations available for the tool or there are other tools within that button. To access these, right-click the
button or press the appropriate key for the tool group
*The letters in parenthesis following the name of the tool are the tool’s or tool group’s keyboard shortcut opened.

Figure 1.2 Toolbox

Rectangular Marquee Tool (M) – draws Move Tool (V) – moves a selection or layer
rectangular selection

Elliptical Marquee Tool (M) – draws elliptical Magic Wand Tool (W) – selects area of similarly
selection colored pixels

Single Row Marquee Tool – draws single row Slice Tool (K) – cuts image into rectangular
selection sections

Single Column Marquee Tool – draws single Slice Select Tool (K) – moves or resizes a section
column selection or slice

Lasso Tool (L) – draws freeform selection Brush Tool (B) – paints using the foreground
color

Polygonal Lasso Tool (L) – draws set of segment Pencil Tool (B) – draws freeform lines and
points to form a selection shapes
 Magnetic Lasso Tool (L) – automatically traces History Brush Tool (Y) – paints from a previous
the edges of the defined areas history state or selected snapshot

Crop Tool (C) – retains the part of the image Art History Brush Tool (Y) – works like History
inside its rectangular frame Brush but can create artistic effects

Healing Brush Tool (J) – corrects pixels of an Gradient Tool (G) – fills selection or layer with
image with pixels from another image gradual transition of colors

Patch Tool (J) – repairs pixels of an area with Paint Bucket Tool (G) – fills selection with
pixels from another area foreground color

Clone Stamp Tool (S) – creates duplicate of the Dodge Tool (O) – lightens pixels of the desired
defined image area

Pattern Stamp Tool (S) – paints predefined or Burn Tool (O) – darkens pixels of the desired
custom patterns area

Eraser Tool (E) – paints the background color or Sponge Tool (O) – decreases the saturation of
erases pixels in a layer to reveal the layers below the desired area

Background Eraser Tool (E) – erases pixels and Horizontal Type Tool (T) – inserts text in the
automatically converts the background into a new image horizontally
layer

Magic Eraser Tool (E) – works like Magic Wand Vertical Type Tool (T) – inserts text in the image
Tool but erases the area instead of selecting it vertically

Blur Tool (R) – diffuses the contrast of the Horizontal Type Mask Tool (T) – draws text
desired area selections in the image horizontally

Sharpen Tool (R) – increases the contrast of the Vertical Type Mask Tool (T) – draws text
desired area selections in the image vertically

Smudge Tool (R) – spreads the color of the Rectangle Tool (U) – draws a rectangle filled
desired area with foreground color

Path Selection Tool (A) – selects and or drags Rounded Rectangle Tool (U) – draws a
subpaths rectangle with curved corners filled with foreground
color

Direct Selection Tool (A) – selects and or drags Ellipse Tool (U) – draws an ellipse or circle filled
segment of a selected path with foreground color
 Pen Tool (P) – adds points to a path Polygon Tool (U) – draws a polygon filled with
foreground color

Freeform Pen Tool (P) – draws a freeform path Line Tool (U) – draws a line with foreground
color

Add Anchor Point Tool – inserts point to a path Custom Shape Tool (U) – draws a custom shape
filled with foreground color

Delete Anchor Point Tool – removes point from Eyedropper Tool (I) – selects a foreground color
a path from the image

Convert Point Tool – sharpens smooth arcs and Color Sampler Tool (I) – evaluates colors of
smoothens corners pixels in the Info Palette

Notes Tool (N) – inserts a text note Measure Tool (I) – measures angles and
distances of the image in the Info Palette

Audio Anotation Tool (N) – inserts an audio Zoom Tool (Z) – magnifies the image for clearer
comment view

Hand Tool (H) – scrolls image in desired

direction

You can modify the performance of any tool except the measure tool on the tool options bar. The tool options bar
displays the major tool controls of the active tool. You can change the active tool properties by checking boxes, clicking icons, and
choosing options from pop-up menus on the tool options bar. It is located below the menu bar.

Figure 1.3
Tool
Options Bar

1.3.2 Toolbox Controls

The toolbox controls is located at the lower portion of the toolbox. It consists of 9 controls. The controls are grouped into
three: for setting foreground and background colors, for editing modes, and for screen views.

Toolbox Controls

Setting Foreground and Background Colors

Set foreground color – displays the Color Picker and sets the color used by the brush, pencil, paint bucket, shape, and type tools
Set background color – displays the Color Picker and sets the color used by the eraser tool and in filling areas when clearing
selections in the background layer
Switch Foreground and Background Colors (X) – exchanges the foreground and background colors
Default Foreground and Background Colors (D) – restores the default foreground and background colors (black and white
respectively)
Editing Modes

Edit in Standard Mode (Q) – default editing mode; displays the image in standard view and views selections as dotted lines
Edit in Quick Mask Mode (Q) – enables to edit boundaries using paint tools. Paint areas with white to select, and black to deselect.
Deselected areas are covered with red
Screen Views

1. Standard Screen Mode (F) – displays Photoshop workspace in standard window mode
2. Full Screen Mode with Menu Bar – displays Photoshop workspace in full screen including the menu bar on top
3. Full Screen Mode – displays Photoshop workspace in full screen, removing the Photoshop’s menu, title, and scroll bars, and
Windows taskbar

1.4 Palettes

There are 13 palettes available in Photoshop. Others call them as “floating palettes” because every palette is independent to other
palettes and to the image window. By default, palettes are grouped together. You can regroup, hide, and unhide palettes to suit
your work. Format texts used in the images through the Character Palette.

1.5 Keyboard Shortcuts

Command Shortcut Command Shortcut

New Ctrl + N Layer

Open Ctrl + O New Shft + Ctrl + N

Browse Shft + Ctrl + O Layer via Copy Ctrl + J

Open As Alt + Ctrl + O Layer via Cut Shft + Ctrl + J

Close Ctrl + W Group with Previous Ctrl + G

Save Ctrl + S Ungroup Shft + Ctrl + G

Save As Shft + Ctrl + S Bring to Front Shft + Ctrl + ]

Save for Web Alt + Shft + Ctrl + S Bring Forward Ctrl + ]

Page Setup Shft + Ctrl + P Send Backward Ctrl + [

Print with Preview Ctrl + P Send to Back Shft + Ctrl + [

Print Alt + Ctrl + P Merge Layers Ctrl + E

Print One Copy Alt + Shft + Ctrl + P Merge Visible Shft + Ctrl + E

Jump to ImageReady Shft + Ctrl + M Select All Ctrl + A

Exit Ctrl + Q Deselect Ctrl + D

Undo/Redo Ctrl + Z Reselect Shft + Ctrl + D

Step Forward Shft + Ctrl + Z Inverse Shft + Ctrl + I

Step Backward Alt + Ctrl + Z Last Filter Ctrl + F

Fade Shft + Ctrl + F Extract Alt + Ctrl + X

Cut Ctrl + X Liquify Shft + Ctrl + X

Copy Ctrl + C Pattern Maker Alt + Shft + Ctrl + X

Copy Merged Shft + Ctrl + C Proof Colors Ctrl + Y

Paste Ctrl + V Gamut Warning Shft + Ctrl + Y

Paste Into Shft + Ctrl + V Zoom In Ctrl + +

Clear Del Zoom Out Ctrl + -

Fill Shft + F5 Fit on Screen Ctrl + 0

Free Transform Ctrl + T Actual Pixels Alt + Ctrl + 0

Transform Again Shft + Ctrl + T Extras Ctrl + H

Color Settings Shft + Ctrl + K Target Path Shft + Ctrl + H

General Preferences Ctrl + K Grid Ctrl + “

Levels Ctrl + L Guides Ctrl + ;

Auto Levels Shft + Ctrl + L Snap Shft + Ctrl + ;

Auto Contrast Alt + Shft + Ctrl + L Snap to Ctrl + ;

Auto Color Shft + Ctrl + B Lock Guides Alt + Ctrl + ;

Curves Ctrl + M Close All Shft + Ctrl + W

Color Balance Ctrl + B Help F1

Hue/Saturation Ctrl + U Toggle Visibility

Desaturate Shft + Ctrl + U Color Palette F6

Invert Ctrl + I Layers Palette F7

Info Palette F8

Actions Palette F9

All Palettes Shft + Tab

All Palettes and Toolbar Tab

Lesson 2 – Image and Color Basics

2.1 Image Size and Resolution

Image size and resolution differ from one another. Image size refers to the physical dimensions (width and
height) of the image. While resolution, refers to pixels per inch (ppi) of the image for printing.

To open the image size dialog box

1. Click Image from the menu bar

2. Select Image Size

2.2 How to Create, Open, Duplicate, and Save Images

2.2.1 Creating a New Image

To open new dialog box

1. Click File from the menu bar

2. Select New or press Ctrl + N
3. Specify the name, units of measure, dimensions, resolution, and color mode
4. Click Ok
If there is an image in the Clipboard, the new dialog box will show the width, height, and resolution of the image

Units of Measure

1. Width: pixels, inches, centimeter, millimeter, points, picas, columns

2. Height: pixels, inches, centimeter, millimeter, points, picas
3. Resolution: pixels/inch, pixels/cm

2.2.2 Opening an Existing Image

To open an existing image

1. Click File from the menu bar

2. Select Open or press Ctrl + O
3. In the open dialog box, locate the image file
4. Click Open

Supported File Formats

1. Photoshop Document (.PSD, .PDD)

2. BMP (.BMP, .RLE, .DIB)
3. CompuServe GIF (.GIF)
4. Photoshop EPS (.EPS)
5. Photoshop DCS 1.0 (.EPS)
6. Photoshop DCS 2.0 (.EPS)
7. EPS TIFF Preview (.EPS)
8. Filmstrip (.FLM)
9. JPEG (.JPG, .JPEG, .JPE)
10. Generic PDF (.PDF, .PDP, .AI)
11. Generic EPS (.AI3, .AI4, .AI5, .AI6, .AI7, AI8, .PS, .EPS, .AI) PCX (.PCX)
12. Photoshop PDF (.PDF, .AI, .PDP)
 13. Acrobat TouchUp Image (.PDF, .AI, .PDP)
14. Photo CD (.PCD)
15. PICT File (.PCT, .PICT)
16. Pixar (.PXR)
17. PNG (.PNG)
18. Raw (.RAW)
19. Scitex CT (.SCT)
20. Targa (.TGA, .VDA, .ICB, .VST)
21. TIFF (.TIFF)
22. Wireless Bitmap (.WBMP, .WBM)

2.2.3 Duplicating an Image

To duplicate an image

1. Click Image from the menu bar

2. Select Duplicate. Or right-click the title bar of the image window and select Duplicate
3. In the duplicate image dialog box, type the name for the duplicate image
4. Click Ok
2.2.4 Saving an Image

To save an image

1. Click File from the menu bar

2. Select Save or press Ctrl + S
3. In the save as dialog box, enter filename
4. Choose desired file format
5. Click Save

Choose save as Photoshop (.PSD) file if the image is unfinished. Saving image in .PSD file format will include
everything from the layers palette. This is efficient for continuing image editing.

2.3 Resizing, Resampling, and Cropping

2.3.1 Resizing

Resizing an image means to enlarge or to reduce an image without affecting the number of pixels of the
image.

To resize an image

1. Open the image size dialog box

2. Specify the height and width in the Document Size section
3. Uncheck Resample Image checkbox
4. Click Ok

If Constrain Proportions checkbox is checked, adjusting one dimension will also adjust the other. Adjusting
width will automatically adjust height to make the image proportional. Image size and resolution are inversely
proportional. Increasing the image size will decrease the resolution. Resizing a passport size picture to fill a letter
size bond paper will look serrated when printed.
 2.3.2 Resampling

Resampling an image means to resize an image to increase or decrease the number of pixels.

To resample an image

1. Open the image size dialog box

2. Specify the amount in the Pixels Dimension section. Or if the image is for printing, specify the height and width (in inches) in
the Document Size section
3. Check Resample Image checkbox
4. Click Ok

2.3.3 Cropping

Cropping an image means to trim away pixels around the edges of an image. It gives focus to the selected
area of an image.

To crop an image

1. Select crop tool from the toolbox or press C

2. Click on the image and hold left mouse button
3. Drag to select the desired area on the image
4. Release mouse button
5. Adjust the edges if needed
6. Right-click and select crop

2.4 Selecting Colors

2.4.1 Foreground and Background Colors

The foreground color indicates the color that will be

applied when using the brush, pencil, paint bucket, shape, and type tools.
The background color indicates the color that will be applied when using
the eraser tool. The default foreground and background colors are black
and white respectively.

To change foreground color

1. Click set foreground color from the toolbox controls

2. Choose desired color from the color picker
3. Click Ok
To change background color

1. Click set background color from the toolbox controls

2. Choose desired color from the color picker
3. Click Ok

Click switch foreground and background colors or press X to switch the colors

Click default foreground and background colors or press D to restore to default colors
2.4.2 The Color Picker

Clicking set foreground color or set background color will

activate the color picker. Photoshop offers a wide variety of colors.
Click on the color bar to activate its sliders. Move the sliders to
change the color range of the color field. Select the desired color
from the color field and click Ok.

1. Color Field – displays color variations for the selected color from the color bar
2. Color Selection Marker – selects color from the color field
3. Color Bar – displays the range of available colors
4. Previous Color – shows the foreground or background color before activating the color picker
5. Current Color – displays the color selected from the color field
6. Sliders – select color from the color bar
7. Alert Triangle – warns the user if the selected color is unprintable using standard process colors
8. Closest CMYK – displays the closest CMYK equivalent of the current color
9. Web-safe Alert Cube – alerts the user if the selected user is not ideal for Web graphics
10. Closest Web-safe – displays the closest Web-safe equivalent of the current color

2.4.3 The Color Palette

The color palette displays the color values for

the current foreground and background colors. Press F6
to toggle color palette’s visibility.

1. Foreground and Background Colors – displays

2. Color Values – displays the color values of the current foreground/background color
3. Color Bar – displays the range of available colors
A double-line frame indicates the active color icon (foreground/background) in the color palette. Click the
color icons to switch between the foreground and background colors. Clicking on the color bar or moving the sliders
changes the color of the active color icon. Double-click the color icon to launch the color picker.

2.4.4 The Swatches Palette

The swatches palette displays a set of generic colors.

The set can be modified for ease of use

1. To change the foreground color, click on the available

swatches
2. To change the background color, Alt + click on the available swatches

2.4.5 The Eyedropper Tool

The eyedropper tool is used for selecting colors from the image window to set either foreground or
background color.

1. To activate the eyedropper tool click the icon on the toolbox or press I
 2. If the foreground color icon on the color palette is active

3. To set the foreground color, click on the desired color from the image window
4. To set the background color, Alt + click on the desired color from the image window
5. If the background color icon on the color palette is active

6. To set the foreground color, Alt + click on the desired color from the image window
7. To set the background color, click on the desired color from the image window

Lesson 3 – Selections

3.1 Selecting and Deselecting a Portion of an Image

Selections are very important in image-editing. Unless changes are applied for the whole image, selecting
the area which the changes will be applied typically comes first. Selections appear as moving lines or others refer to
them as marching ants.

1. To select portion(s) of an image, use any of the selecting tools

2. To deselect, click Select from the menu bar and choose Deselect. Or press Ctrl + D

3.1.1 The Marquee Tools

Marquee tools are the most common selection tools in Photoshop. There are four variations of marquee
tools.

Rectangular Marquee

To draw rectangular selection

1. Click on the image and hold left mouse button

2. Drag to select desired portion of the image
3. Release mouse button
To add selection

1. Press and hold Shift

2. Click on the image and hold left mouse button
3. Drag on the desired portion of the selection
4. Release mouse button

To remove a portion from the selection

1. Press and hold Alt

2. Click on the image and hold left mouse button
3. Drag on the desired portion of the selection
4. Release mouse button

Elliptical Marquee

To draw elliptical selection

1. Click on the image and hold left mouse button
2. Drag to select desired portion of the image
3. Release mouse button
To add selection

1. Press and hold Shift

2. Click on the image and hold left mouse button
3. Drag to select desired portion
4. Release mouse button
To remove a portion from the selection

1. Press and hold Alt

2. Click on the image and hold left mouse button
3. Drag to select the desired portion
4. Release mouse button

Single Row Marquee and Single Column Marquee

1. To select a row or a column of pixels in an image, click on the desired portion

3.1.2 The Lasso Tools

Lasso tools are used for drawing freehand selections. Figure 3.2 shows an image a freehand selection (the
penguin in the middle is selected). Lasso tools are capable of drawing both straight and curved edges. There are three
variations of lasso tools.

Lasso Tool

To select free-form portion of an image

1. Click on the image and hold left mouse button

2. Draw the outline of the desired portion of the image
3. Release mouse button
To add selection

1. Press and hold Shift

2. Click on the image and hold left mouse button
3. Draw the outline of the desired portion of the selection
4. Release mouse button
To remove portion of the selection

1. Press and hold Alt

2. Click on the image and hold left mouse button
3. Draw the outline of the desired portion of the selection
4. Release mouse button

Polygonal Lasso Tool

Polygon is a shape with many edges. Polygonal lasso tool selects portion of an image by specifying edges
around the desired portion making that portion a polygon.
To select a portion of an image like a free-form polygon

1. Click on the image to specify the start point

2. Move the mouse to specify an edge
3. Click again on the image to specify the end point. The end point of an edge serves as the start point of the
edge following it
4. Continue specifying edges until the desired portion is selected
To add selection

1. Press and hold Shift

2. Click on the image to specify the start point
3. Move the mouse to specify an edge
4. Click again on the image to specify the end point
5. Continue specifying edges until the desired portion is selected
To remove portion from selection

1. Press and hold Alt

2. Click on the image to specify the start point
3. Move the mouse to specify an edge
4. Click again on the image to specify the end point
5. Continue specifying edges until the desired portion is selected

Magnetic Lasso Tool

As the name suggests, this tool works like a magnet. It automatically specifies edges around the desired
portion. But this tool works perfectly only on images that have very distinct contrast between the foreground image
and its background.

To select a portion of an image

1. Click on image to specify the start point

2. Move the mouse along the desired portion. As you move the mouse, magnetic lasso tool automatically lays
edges around the desired portion
To add selection

1. Press and hold Shift

2. Click on image to specify the start point
3. Move the mouse along the desired portion
To remove portion from selection

1. Press and hold Alt

2. Click on image to specify the start point
3. Move the mouse along the desired portion

3.1.3 The Magic Wand Tool

The magic wand tool selects a contiguous portion of relative colors in an image.

1. To select a portion of an image with relative colors, just click on the image
2. To add selection, press and hold Shift, click on the desired portion of the image
3. To remove portion from selection, press and hold Alt, click on the desired portion of the image

3.2 Transforming, Moving, and Duplicating Selections

To transform selection means to change the physical dimensions, or the angle, and or the perspective of the
selected portion of an image

To transform a selection

1. Click Edit from the menu bar

2. Select Free Transform, or click Select from the menu bar and choose Transform Selection, or simply press Ctrl
+T
3. Drag the sizing handles to increase or decrease the size of the selection
4. To rotate selection, right-click the image and in the pop-up menu select from the predefined rotations or
choose Rotate to manually rotate the selection
5. To flip selection, right-click the image and from the pop-up menu select Flip Horizontal or Flip Vertical
6. Select other options from the pop-up menu to change the perspective of the selection
7. Click any tool from the toolbox
8. Click apply from the dialog box

To move selection

1. Select the move tool from the toolbox or press V

2. Click the selection and hold left mouse button
3. Drag to the desired position
4. Release mouse button

To duplicate a selection

1. Select the move tool from the toolbox or press V

2. Press and hold Alt
3. Drag the selection
4. Release Alt and left mouse button

3.3 Copying Selection from One Image to Another

Aside from moving the selection around the image, selection can be also copied to another image.

To copy the selection to another image

1. Click Edit from the menu bar

2. select Copy or press Ctrl + C
3. Open another image
4. Click Edit from the menu bar
5. Select Paste or press Ctrl + V
Or using the move tool, drag and drop the selection from one image window to another