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Characteristics of Fungi

This document summarizes key fungal phyla by listing their representatives, typical habitat, and important characteristics. It describes that Chytridiomycota have flagellated zoospores that can be haploid or diploid and reproduce sexually and asexually. Zygomycota lack septa except during sexual reproduction and form diploid zygospores through plasmogamy and karyogamy. Ascomycota form dikaryotic ascocarps containing asci that undergo meiosis and mitosis to form eight haploid ascospores as well as asexual conidia.

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Paige Darbonne
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210 views1 page

Characteristics of Fungi

This document summarizes key fungal phyla by listing their representatives, typical habitat, and important characteristics. It describes that Chytridiomycota have flagellated zoospores that can be haploid or diploid and reproduce sexually and asexually. Zygomycota lack septa except during sexual reproduction and form diploid zygospores through plasmogamy and karyogamy. Ascomycota form dikaryotic ascocarps containing asci that undergo meiosis and mitosis to form eight haploid ascospores as well as asexual conidia.

Uploaded by

Paige Darbonne
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Phyla and Their

Representatives Habitat Important Points

Chytridiomycota Have flagellated zoospores that can be haploid


Chytrids or (n) or diploid (2n); aseptate hyphae; no
Chytridiomycetes – one Aquatic dikaryotic stage (n +n); reproduce sexually and
species causes asexually
chytridiomycosis in frogs

Zygomycota Lack septa except when reproducing sexually;


Zygomycetes - black bread gametangia fuse to form dikaryotic
mold (Rhizopus) zygosporangium (n +n) after plasmogamy, then
Terrestrial diploid zygotes (nuclei) after karyogamy;
asexual spores form on the tips of specialized
hyphae

Ascomycota Hyphae of different mating types fuse


Ascomycetes – baker’s and together to form dikaryotic hyphae that
brewer’s yeasts together with sterile hyphae makes up the
(unicellular), common molds, ascocarp; ascocarp has dikaryotic ascus that
cup fungi, morels, truffles, after karyogamy forms diploid zygote
penicillin-producing fungi, (nucleus), which divides by meiosis and mitosis
and pathogenic fungi Terrestrial to create 8 haploid ascospores (sexual spores);
causing apple scab, Dutch ascospores are found inside the ascus; asexual
elm disease, powdery spores (conidia) form on the tips of
mildew, and chestnut blight conidiophores

Glomeromycota Form endomychorrizae; require plant hosts for


Glomeromycetes Terrestrial survival; aseptate hyphae; reproduce asexually
only

Basidiomycota Karyogamy in basidium produces diploid zygote


Basidiomycetes - that undergoes meiosis to form 4 haploid
mushrooms, puffballs, shelf basidiospores, which are found outside the
fungi, jelly fungi, poisonous basidium; basidiospores germinate into primary
fungi, mirror yeasts, and Terrestrial mycelium (monokaryotic); fused hyphae of
pathogenic fungi causing primary mycelium form secondary mycelium
corn smut, wheat rust, (dikaryotic); reproduce sexually and asexually
brown rot, and meningitis in
people with HIV/AIDS

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