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What Are Patterns

The document discusses patterns in sequences and different types of patterns. It provides examples of sequences that follow linear patterns where the difference between successive terms is constant, such as adding 3 each time. It also gives examples where the factor between terms is constant, such as multiplying by 2 each time. The document explains how to describe linear sequences, find the next terms, determine the nth term formula, and use the formula to find a specific term in the sequence.

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Paula Fana
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99 views4 pages

What Are Patterns

The document discusses patterns in sequences and different types of patterns. It provides examples of sequences that follow linear patterns where the difference between successive terms is constant, such as adding 3 each time. It also gives examples where the factor between terms is constant, such as multiplying by 2 each time. The document explains how to describe linear sequences, find the next terms, determine the nth term formula, and use the formula to find a specific term in the sequence.

Uploaded by

Paula Fana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PATTERN

Introduction
What are patterns?

Patterns are repetitive sequences and can be found in nature, shapes, events, sets of
numbers and almost everywhere you care to look.

Describing sequences
A sequence is an ordered list of items, usually numbers. Each item which makes up a
sequence is called a “term”.

Sequences can have interesting patterns. Here we examine some types of patterns and
how they are formed.

EXAMPLES:

1.
1;4;7;10;13;16;19;22;25;…1;4;7;10;13;16;19;22;25;…

There is difference of 33 between successive terms.

The pattern is continued by adding 33 to the previous term.


2.
13;8;3;−2;−7;−12;−17;−22;…13;8;3;−2;−7;−12;−17;−22;…

There is a difference of −5−5 between successive terms.

The pattern is continued by adding −5−5 to (i.e. subtracting 55 from) the previous term.
3.
2;4;8;16;32;64;128;256;…2;4;8;16;32;64;128;256;…

This sequence has a factor of 22 between successive terms.

The pattern is continued by multiplying the previous term by 2.

4.
3;−9;27;−81;243;−729;2187;…3;−9;27;−81;243;−729;2187;…

This sequence has a factor of −3−3 between successive terms.

The pattern is continued by multiplying the previous term by −3−3.


5.
9;3;1;13;19;127;…9;3;1;13;19;127;…

This sequence has a factor of 1313 between successive terms.

The pattern is continued by multiplying the previous term by 1313 which is equivalent to
dividing the previous term by 3.

https://intl.siyavula.com/read/maths/grade-10/number-patterns/03-number-patterns-01
LINEAR SEQUENCES

Learning objective

 Describe a linear sequence


 Find next few terms
 Find nth term
 To use nth term to find a term in sequence

Sequi (latin) = to follow ∴ Sequences is list of number follow a pattern (a rule).

Example:

6, 11, 16, 21, 26

1. Find the pattern or rule :


6, 11, 16, 21, 26

11 − 6 = 5 6 − 11 = 5 21 − 16 = 5 26 − 21 = 5  𝒅 = 𝟓
Note : To calculate d , the difference = 𝑡𝑘+1 − 𝑡𝑘

2. Find next 5 terms


𝑡6 = 𝑡5 + 5 = 26 + 5 = 31
𝑡7 = 𝑡6 + 5 = 31 + 5 = 36
𝑡8 = 𝑡7 + 5 = 36 + 5 = 41
𝑡9 = 𝑡8 + 5 = 41 + 5 = 46
𝑡10 = 𝑡9 + 5 = 46 + 5 = 51

The next 5 terms : 31, 36, 41, 46, 51

3. Find nth term.


𝑡𝑛 = 𝑡𝑛−1 + 5
The formula is :
𝑻𝒏 = 𝑻𝟏 + (𝒏 − 𝟏) ∙ 𝒅
Verify the formula:
𝑡4 = 21 and 𝑛 = 4, 𝑡1 = 6
Using formula :
𝑇𝑛 = 𝑇1 + (𝑛 − 1) ∙ 𝑑 𝑡4 = 6 + (4 − 1) ∙ 5 = 6 + 3 ∙ 5 = 6 + 15 = 21 correct!

𝑇1 = 6 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑑 = 5

𝑇𝑛 = 𝑇1 + (𝑛 − 1) ∙ 𝑑 = 6 + (𝑛 − 1) ∙ 5 = 6 + 5𝑛 − 5 = 1 + 5𝑛

𝑻𝒏 = 𝟏 + 𝟓𝒏

4. Aflati termenul 101

𝑻𝒏 = 𝟏 + 𝟓𝒏 ∴ 𝑻𝟏𝟎𝟏 = 𝟏 + 𝟓 ∙ 𝟏𝟎𝟏 = 𝟏 + 𝟓𝟎𝟓 = 𝟓𝟎𝟔

∴ 𝑻𝟏𝟎𝟏 = 𝟓𝟎𝟔

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