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Digital Signal Processing Sessional: Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology

The document contains the code for 8 programs written in MATLAB. Program 1 represents basic signals like unit sample, unit step, and unit ramp. Program 2 reads and writes audio files and allows audio recording. Program 3 produces single and multiple level echoes for an audio signal. Program 4 performs time compression and expansion of audio. Program 5 performs convolution of two discrete signals. Program 6 adds two discrete signals. Program 7 reads and converts an image file to grayscale. Program 8 subtracts two images and displays the absolute difference.

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Mehedi Hasan
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48 views13 pages

Digital Signal Processing Sessional: Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology

The document contains the code for 8 programs written in MATLAB. Program 1 represents basic signals like unit sample, unit step, and unit ramp. Program 2 reads and writes audio files and allows audio recording. Program 3 produces single and multiple level echoes for an audio signal. Program 4 performs time compression and expansion of audio. Program 5 performs convolution of two discrete signals. Program 6 adds two discrete signals. Program 7 reads and converts an image file to grayscale. Program 8 subtracts two images and displays the absolute difference.

Uploaded by

Mehedi Hasan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology

Course No: EEE 3218


Course Title:
Digital Signal Processing Sessional

Experiment No:01 & 02


Experiment Name: Audio File & Image Processing in MATLAB, Convolution and Addition
of Two Discreet Signal in MATLAB Platform

Submitted by:
Md. Mehedi Hasan
Roll:1601118
Section: B
Program 1:Reprentation of basic signals in Matlab
clc

clear all

close all

%% Taking the time limit

n_lower = input('Enter the lower limit: ');

n_upper = input('Enter the upper limit: ');

n = n_lower : n_upper;

%% Unit Sample Sequence %%

x = [n==0];

subplot 221, stem(n,x)

xlabel('Time in Seconds')

ylabel('Unit sample value')

title('The Unit Sample Sequence')

%% Unit Step Sequence %%

x = [n>=0];

subplot 222, stem(n,x)

xlabel('Time in Seconds')

ylabel('Unit step value')

title('The Unit Step Sequence')

%% Unit Ramp Sequence %%

x = n.*[n>=0];

subplot 223, stem(n,x)

xlabel('Time in Seconds')

ylabel('Unit ramp value')

title('The Unit Ramp Sequence')


OUTPUT:

program 2:Matlab code to read,write and recording of


audio signal
%% *** Reading The Audio Signal *** %%
[n, Fs] = audioread('C:\Users\Acer\Downloads -dragon.mp3');
% Where n = Number of data in the audio signal % And Fs = no of Samples
per second in the audio signal
sound(n)
% This Function Plays the audio

[filename, pathname] = uigetfile('*', 'select the file');


[n,Fs] = audioread(num2str(filename));
P = audioplayer(n,Fs);
play(P)
% This function plays the audio

%% Recording the audio using audiorecorder function


Fs = 37500; % The rate of sampling
nBits = 16; % the number of bits
nCnl=1; %channel is defined
recObj = audiorecorder(Fs,nBits,nCnl);
disp('Start Recording')
record(recObj);
pause(5); % Defines the duration of record
disp('End of record')
y = getaudiodata(recObj); %storage of recording
sound(y,Fs);% Listening the record
audiowrite('My_Sound.wav',y,37500)% record is shaved

Program 3:Matlab code to produce single level and


multiple level echo

%% *** Program to make Echo of a given audio signal *** %%


clc
clear all
close all
% Defining the audio input function
[filename, pathname] = uigetfile('*', 'select the file');
[x,fs] = audioread(num2str(filename));
l = length(x); % length of audio signal
a=0.4; % amplitude of echo is defined
m = 0.2*fs; % The time after echo is generated
%loop adjustment
for i=1:m
x=[x; 0];
end
% Loop for producing echo
for i = 1:l+m
if i<=m
y(i) = x(i);
else
y(i) = x(i) + a*x(i-m);
end
end
p1 = audioplayer(x,fs) % The main audio
p0 = audioplayer(y,fs) % The audio added with echo
play(p0)

%% *** A program to produce multiple Echo levels *** %%


clc
clear all
close all
% Defining the audio input function from the user
[filename, pathname] = uigetfile('*', 'select the file');
[x,fs] = audioread(num2str(filename));
l = length(x); % Defining the length of audio signal
a=0.4; % amplitude
m = 0.2*fs; % The delay time after echo is generated
% Loop for adjusting the echo duration with main audio signal
for i=1:m
x=[x; 0];
end
% Loop
for i = 1:l+m
if i<=m
y(i) = x(i);
else
y(i) = x(i) + a*y(i-m); % audio is added repeatedly
end
end
p1 = audioplayer(x,fs) % The main file
p0 = audioplayer(y,fs) % The audio added with echo
play(p0)

Program 4:Matlab code for Time Compression &


Expansion of audio signal
%%For expansion of Time %%
clear all;
close all;
r = audioread('audio_file - dragon.mp3');
p1 = audioplayer(r,52000) % Sampling Frequency = 52000
play(p1);
% We can increase the sample number for expanding the signal

for i = 1 : (length(r));
y(2*i - 1) = r(i);
y(2*i) = 0;
end
% The upper loop will pad zero to the even positions of matrix y
p2 = audioplayer(r,12000); % Sampling Frequency = 12000
play(p2); %

%%program for Time Compression %%


% We can decrease the sample number for compressing the signal
for i = 1 : (length(r))/2;
y2(i) = r(2*i);
end
% The upper loop will be responsible for cancelling the odd elements in
signal x

%%for loop to recover Original Signal by Average Method


for i = 1 : (length(y2))
y2(2*1 -1) = y2(i);
if i < length(y2)
y(2*1) = (y2(i) + y2(i+1))/2;
else
y(2*i) = y2(i);
end
end
p3 = audioplayer(y2,32000);
play(p3);
Program 5: Matlab Program to Perform Convolution:
xn=input('enter the sequence 1 ');
l1=length(xn);
hn=input('enter the sequence 2 ');
l2=length(hn);
m=l1+l2-1;
z=zeros(1,m);
z=conv(xn,hn);
z1=zeros(1,m);
disp(z);
xnl1=[xn,zeros(1,l2-1)];
disp(xnl1);
hnl1=[hn,zeros(1,l1-1)];
disp(hnl1);
for i=1:m
for j=1:i
z1(i)=z1(i)+xnl1(j)*hnl1(i-j+1);
end;
end;
disp(z1)

Output is illustrated below:

>> convolution

enter the sequence 1 [1 2 3]

enter the sequence 2 [1 2 3]

1 4 10 12 9

1 2 3 0 0

1 2 3 0 0

1 4 10 12 9
Program 6:Code to add two discrete
signals
clc
clear all
close all
% Taking the signals as input from the user
x1 = input('Enter the first signal x1: ');
x2 = input('Enter the second signal x2: ');
n1 = input('No of Elements before zeroth value in x1: ');
n2 = input('No of Elements before zeroth value in x2: ');
% The adding process
Pos_x1 = 0 - n1;
for x = 2:length(x1)
Pos_x1(x) = Pos_x1(x-1) + 1;
end
Pos_x1;
Pos_x2 = 0 - n2;
for xx = 2:length(x2)
Pos_x2(xx) = Pos_x2(xx-1) + 1;
end
Pos_x2;
Pos_y = min(Pos_x2):max(Pos_x1);
if Pos_x1(1)~=Pos_x2(1)
x1_new = [zeros(1,(Pos_x1(1) - Pos_x2(1))) x1];
end
if Pos_x1(1)~=Pos_x2(1)
x2_new = [x2 zeros(1,(Pos_x1(1) - Pos_x2(1)))];
end
%% The output of the addition
disp('The sum of x1 and x2 is given by')
y = x1_new + x2_new

OUTPUT :

Enter the first signal x1: [1 2 3 4 5]

Enter the second signal x2: [6 7 8 -2 -5]

No of Elements before zeroth value in x1: 2

No of Elements before zeroth value in x2: 8

The sum of x1 and x2 is given by

y=

6 7 8 -2 -5 0 1 2 3 4 5
Program 7 :Matlab code to read image file

clc
clear all
close all
% Taking the image as input
% RGB Image
img = uigetfile('*', 'Select your image');
x = imread(img);
figure(1)
imshow(x)
% GrayScale Image
x1 = rgb2gray(x);
figure(2)
imshow(x1)

output :

Figure 1:RGB image


Figure 2:Grayscale image

Program 8:Matlab program to subtract two images


clc
clear all
[filename, pathname] = uigetfile('*', 'Select the 1st Image')
x= imread(num2str(filename));

[filename, pathname] = uigetfile('*', 'Select the 2nd Image')


y= imread(num2str(filename));
X1=rgb2gray(x);
Y1=rgb2gray(y);
figure;
imshow(X1)
figure;
imshow(Y1)
Z=abs(X1-Y1);
figure;
imshow(Z)

Input and Output are illustrated below:

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