Sub Netting

Class C sub netting

IP address 198.100.98.0
Decimal mask 255.255.255.224
Convert 224 into binary  11100000(2)
Maximum no. of combinations = 2n (Where n is number of masked bits)
Note: Masked bit = 1, UN masked bit= 0.
Maximum number of subnets  2n-2
Maximum number of hosts/subnet  2m-2 (Where m is number of unmasked bits)

Now 224(10) = 11100000(2)

Maximum no. of combinations = 2 n = 23 = 8
Maximum no. of subnets =2n-2 = 23-2 = 6
Maximum no. of hosts/subnet =2m -2 =25 -2 = 30

Available combinations
0  000 (This is not used for assigning IP address)
1  001
2  010
3  011
4  100
5  101
6  110
7  111 (This is not used for assigning IP address)

Octant contains 8 bits, presently we have 3 bits (Remaining 5 bits are zeros)

00100000 = 32
01000000 = 64
01100000 = 96
10000000 = 128
10100000 = 160
11000000 = 192

Therefore modified subnets are

255.255.255.32
255.255.255.64
255.255.255.96
255.255.255.128
255.255.255.160
255.255.255.192
IP addressing for subnet 255.255.255.32

First IP address 198.100.98.33

Subnet mask 255.255.255.32

Second IP address 198.100.98.34

Subnet mask 255.255.255.32

Third IP address 198.100.98.35

Subnet mask 255.255.255.32

Fourth IP address 198.100.98.36

Subnet mask 255.255.255.32

↓
↓
↓

Last IP address 198.100.98.63

Subnet mask 255.255.255.32

IP addressing for subnet 255.255.255.64

First IP address 198.100.98.64

Subnet mask 255.255.255.64

Second IP address 198.100.98.65

Subnet mask 255.255.255.64

Third IP address 198.100.98.66

Subnet mask 255.255.255.64

Fourth IP address 198.100.98.67

Subnet mask 255.255.255.64

↓
↓
↓

Last IP address 198.100.98.95

Subnet mask 255.255.255.64
IP addressing for subnet 255.255.255.96

First IP address 198.100.98.64

Subnet mask 255.255.255.96

Second IP address 198.100.98.65

Subnet mask 255.255.255.96

Third IP address 198.100.98.66

Subnet mask 255.255.255.96

Fourth IP address 198.100.98.67

Subnet mask 255.255.255.96

↓
↓
↓

Last IP address 198.100.98.95

Subnet mask 255.255.255.96

IP addressing for subnet 255.255.255.128

First IP address 198.100.98.64

Subnet mask 255.255.255.128

Second IP address 198.100.98.65

Subnet mask 255.255.255.128

Third IP address 198.100.98.66

Subnet mask 255.255.255.128

Fourth IP address 198.100.98.67

Subnet mask 255.255.255.128

↓
↓
↓

Last IP address 198.100.98.95

Subnet mask 255.255.255.128
IP addressing for subnet 255.255.255.160

First IP address 198.100.98.64

Subnet mask 255.255.255.160

Second IP address 198.100.98.65

Subnet mask 255.255.255.160

Third IP address 198.100.98.66

Subnet mask 255.255.255.160

Fourth IP address 198.100.98.67

Subnet mask 255.255.255.160

↓
↓

Last IP address 198.100.98.95

Subnet mask 255.255.255.160

IP addressing for subnet 255.255.255.192

First IP address 198.100.98.64

Subnet mask 255.255.255.192

Second IP address 198.100.98.65

Subnet mask 255.255.255.192

Third IP address 198.100.98.66

Subnet mask 255.255.255.192

Fourth IP address 198.100.98.67

Subnet mask 255.255.255.192

↓
↓

Last IP address 198.100.98.95

Subnet mask 255.255.255.192

Another Example:
200.150.80.0
255.255.255.192
192(10) 11000000(2)
Class B Sub netting
Example:
IP address 140.80.1.0
Subnet mask 255.255.240.0

240(10) 11110000(2)

Here n=4 (Because 148.80.1.0 11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000)

m= 12 (Because 148.80.1.0 11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000)
Maximum no. of combinations  2n = 24 = 16
Max no. of subnets  2n-2 = 14
Max no. of hosts/subnet  2m-2 =212-2 = 4096-2 =4094

Number of combinations (16)

00000000 =0 (This is not used for assigning IP address)

00010000 = 16
00100000 = 32
00110000 = 48
01000000 = 64
01010000 = 80
01100000 = 96
01110000 = 112
10000000 = 128

↓
↓
11100000 = 224
11110000 = 240 (This is not used for assigning IP address)

Modified subnets are

255.255.16.0
255.255.32.0
255.255.48.0
255.255.64.0
255.255.80.0
255.255.96.0

↓
↓

255.255.224.0
IP addressing for modified subnets:

255.255.16.0 Subnet

IP address 140.80.16.1
Subnet mask 255.255.16.0
↓
↓
IP address 140.80.16.254
Subnet mask 255.255.16.0

And

IP address 140.80.17.1
Subnet mask 255.255.16.0
↓
↓
IP address 140.80.17.254
Subnet mask 255.255.16.0

And
IP address 140.80.18.1
Subnet mask 255.255.16.0
↓
↓
IP address 140.80.18.254
Subnet mask 255.255.16.0

And
IP address 140.80.19.1
Subnet mask 255.255.16.0
↓
↓
IP address 140.80.19.254
Subnet mask 255.255.16.0

And
IP address 140.80.20.1
Subnet mask 255.255.16.0
↓
↓
IP address 140.80.20.254
Subnet mask 255.255.16.0
And 21, 22, 23, 24 up to 31.

255.255.32.0 Subnet

IP address 140.80.32.1
Subnet mask 255.255.32.0
↓
↓
IP address 140.80.32.254
Subnet mask 255.255.32.0

And

IP address 140.80.33.1
Subnet mask 255.255.32.0
↓
↓
IP address 140.80.33.254
Subnet mask 255.255.32.0

And
IP address 140.80.34.1
Subnet mask 255.255.32.0
↓
↓
IP address 140.80.34.254
Subnet mask 255.255.32.0

And
IP address 140.80.35.1
Subnet mask 255.255.32.0
↓
↓
IP address 140.80.35.254
Subnet mask 255.255.32.0

And 36, 37, 38, 39 up to 48.

Next subnets are 64, 80, and 96, up to 224.