Experiment Name: Objective: Theory:: Experiment On Chopper To Be Done With PSIM Software
Experiment Name: Objective: Theory:: Experiment On Chopper To Be Done With PSIM Software
Experiment Name: Study of performance of step down chopper with GTO as switch.
Objective: To study the waveforms of dc – dc step down chopper with Resistive load
Theory: Chopper drives are mainly used for the speed control of DC series motors because the
field inductance of the series motor helps maintain the armature current constant during the OFF
period. It can also be used for speed control of separately excited dc motors but an additional
inductance is to be incorporated in series with the armature. In chopper-controlled dc drives,
energy is received from batteries are useful in battery driven vehicles for speed control and
braking. The control is smooth and efficient and regeneration of energy is possible.
The GTO is turned on at t=0, and then turned off at t=TON. This is called ON period. During this
period the output voltage is same as the input voltage. During the next time interval, i.e from
t=TON to t=T, the output voltage is zero. This is called OFF period. With time period
T= TON+TOFF kept as constant, the average value of the output voltage is,
𝑇𝑂𝑁
𝑉𝑜 = 𝑉 = 𝛿𝑉𝑠 ; Where δ = Duty ratio
𝑇 𝑠
Procedure:
Bring components from library into the workspace and connect as per the figure.
Specify parameters related to each component like resistance, gating blocks, source
voltages etc.
Set the switching points depending upon the desired duty cycle.
Observe and sketch output for different values of duty cycle
Replace with different on time of chopper and repeat the experiment.
Component Used:
Component Quantity Rating
DC supply 1 100V
GTO 1
Resistance 1 10 Ohm
Ammeter 1
Component Quantity Rating
Voltmeter 2
Inductor 1 50 mH
Capacitor 1 67uF
Observation:
Average Vout (volts)
Load Type Duty ratio (δ)
Measured Calculated
R Load
Precaution:
1. Remember to change the Gating Block frequency.
2. While connecting ammeter and voltmeter take care of the instantaneous polarity
3. Always Save (Ctrl-s) your work at every intermediate step
For choosing the duty cycle suppose it is mentioned as 1:1 chopper the switching of GTO will be like this
only: 0 180 (because 360 makes a full cycle). That means for first 1800 it will be on the next 1800 it will be
off.
Similarly 2:1 chopper will be 0 2400 i.e. for first 2400 chopper will be on next 1200 chopper will be off.
Similarly 4:1 chopper will be 0 2880 i.e. for first 2880 chopper will be on next 720 chopper will be off.
You can try for some more options like 1:3, 1:4 chopper etc.
You can put an extra voltmeter to check the duty cycle correctly just after the chopper across the circuit
i.e. in parallel to the freewheeling diode.
Important: While checking the output of duty cycle change the frequency of the gating block to 50Hz;
after that draw the wave forms of the chopper output across the voltmeter which have to connected
across the freewheeling diode ,in between chopper and the diode. After checking the chopper output
change the gating block frequency to 1 KHz to take the readings of the load voltage.