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Mathematics: Specific Objectives

This document provides examples and exercises on algebraic expansion and factorization involving exponential expressions. It begins by stating the objectives of being able to use factoring techniques for polynomials to simplify exponential expressions. Several worked examples are provided that demonstrate factoring exponential expressions using greatest common factor, difference of squares, perfect square trinomials, and general quadratic trinomials. The examples are followed by basic, intermediate, and advanced exercises for students to practice these skills. Factoring techniques are important for solving equations, understanding graph behavior, and simplifying rational expressions involving exponentials.

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Mark Laurence Masellones
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
35 views

Mathematics: Specific Objectives

This document provides examples and exercises on algebraic expansion and factorization involving exponential expressions. It begins by stating the objectives of being able to use factoring techniques for polynomials to simplify exponential expressions. Several worked examples are provided that demonstrate factoring exponential expressions using greatest common factor, difference of squares, perfect square trinomials, and general quadratic trinomials. The examples are followed by basic, intermediate, and advanced exercises for students to practice these skills. Factoring techniques are important for solving equations, understanding graph behavior, and simplifying rational expressions involving exponentials.

Uploaded by

Mark Laurence Masellones
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATHEMATICS

Algebraic Expansion and Factorization

Perform algebraic expansion and

factorization that involves exponentials

Specific Objectives

1. Use the techniques in factoring polynomials in simplifying exponential


Expressions.

Materials

● Pen
● Bond paper or intermediate paper

Lesson
The opposite of expanding exponentials is factoring exponential
expressions. There are many benefits if the exponential expressions are factored
and simplified. We use factored exponentials to help us solve equations, learn
behavior of the graphs and work in simplifying rational expressions

In this lesson we will use some factoring techniques that we are also using
in polynomials.

1
1. Factoring using GCF
2. Factoring difference of two squares
3. Factoring perfect square trinomials
4. Factoring general quadratic trinomials.

Worked Example 1

3𝑛 +6𝑛
Simplify: a.
3𝑛

ans. 3𝑛 +6𝑛 ➢ Given


a.
3𝑛

3𝑛 + 𝟑 𝒏 𝟐 𝒏 ➢ Express 6𝑛 to 3𝑛 2𝑛
=
3𝑛
𝟑 𝒏 ( 1 + 2𝑛 ) ➢ Factor out 3𝑛 from 3𝑛 + 3𝑛 2𝑛 then cancel out
= 3𝑛 with the denominator
3𝑛
= 𝟏 + 𝟐𝒏 ➢ Simplified answer

Worked Example 2

2𝑚+2 −2𝑚
Simplify: a.
2𝑚

ans.
2𝑚+2 −2𝑚 ➢ Given
a.
2𝑚

2𝑚 22 − 2𝑚
= ➢ Express 2𝑚+2 into 2𝑚 22
2𝑚

2𝑚 (22 − 1)
= ➢ Factor out 2𝑚 from 2𝑚 22 − 2𝑚
2𝑚
2𝑚 (3)
= ➢ Simplify 22 − 1 into 3
2𝑚

=𝟑 ➢ Cancel out 2𝑚 from numerator and denominator

Worked Example 3
Factor: a. 2𝑛+3 + 2𝑛

2
ans.

a. 2𝑛+3 + 2𝑛 ➢ Given

= 2𝑛 23 + 2𝑛 ➢ Express 2𝑛+3 into 2𝑛 23

= 2𝑛 (23 + 1) ➢ Factor out 2𝑛 from 2𝑛 23 + 2𝑛

= 𝟐𝒏 ∙ 𝟗 ➢ Combine 23 + 1 into 9

Worked Example 4
Factor: a. 4𝑥 − 9

ans.

a. 4𝑥 − 9 ➢ Given

= (2𝑥 )2 − 32 ➢ Express 4𝑥 into (2𝑥 )2 and 9 into 32

= (𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑)(𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑) ➢ Use Difference of two squares to

factor: 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎 − 𝑏)

Worked Example 5
Solve for 𝑥: 4𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 20 = 0

ans.

4𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 20 = 0 ➢ Given

= (2𝑥 )2 + 2𝑥 − 20 = 0 ➢ Express 4𝑥 into (2𝑥 )2

= (2𝑥 − 4)(2𝑥 + 5) = 0 ➢ Factoring General Quadratic Trinomial


{Hint: Let 2𝑥 = 𝑥}

Therefore,

2𝑥 − 4 = 0 or 2𝑥 + 5 = 0

2𝑥 = 4 2𝑥 = −5

2 𝑥 = 22 {no solution, no possible value for 𝑥}

𝒙=𝟐

3
EXERCISES

Directions: Answer the following exercises. Please be guided by the


discussion and worked examples in the module.

BASIC

Factor the following expressions.

1. 52𝑥 + 5𝑥 6. 9𝑥 − 4
2. 5𝑛+1 − 5 7. 4𝑥 + 6(2𝑥 ) + 9
3. 3𝑛+2 + 3𝑛 8. 25𝑥 − 4(5𝑥 ) + 4
4. 2𝑛+2 + 2𝑛+1 + 2𝑛 9. 4𝑥 − 2𝑥 − 20
5. 4𝑛+2 − 16 10. 9𝑥 + 4(3𝑥 ) − 5

INTERMEDIATE

Simplify:

6𝑛 +12𝑛 2𝑛 +2𝑛−1 8𝑛 +4𝑛


1. 2. 𝑛 𝑛+1 3.
1+2𝑛 2 +2 2𝑛

ADVANCED

Solve for 𝑥: 1. 9𝑥 = 3𝑥 + 6 2. 49𝑥 + 1 = 2(7𝑥 )

Closure

A. Please check the box if you can do it already.

• I can simplify exponential expressions using techniques in factoring


polynomials.
• I can express exponential expressions in factored form.

B. If you have questions in mind, please include in your submission on a


separate paper.

4
2
Answers to exercises:
Basic Intermediate Advanced
1. 5𝑥 (5𝑥 + 1) 6. (3𝑥 + 2)(3𝑥 − 2) 1. 6𝑛 1. 𝑥 = 1
1
2. 5(5𝑛 − 1) 7. (2𝑥 + 3)2 2. 2 2. 𝑥 = 0
3. 3𝑛 (10) 8. (5𝑥 − 2)2 3. 4𝑛 + 2𝑛
4. 2𝑛 (7) 9. (2𝑥 + 4)(2𝑥 − 5) or 2𝑛 (2𝑛 + 1)
5. 16(4𝑛 − 1) 10. (3𝑥 + 5)(3𝑥 − 1)
Haese & Harris Publications.
2008. Mathematics For the International Student. 2nd Ed. Australia:
Urban, Paul, Robert Haese, Sandra Haese, Michael Haese, and Mark Humphries.
References

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