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Experiment 3 Chem 140

1. The document describes an exercise to determine the weight variation in coins using an analytical balance. Students will weigh six coins and calculate the mean, standard deviation, and range of five coins, and determine if the sixth coin's weight lies within the 95% confidence limits. 2. The goals are to illustrate using an analytical balance and introduce statistical analysis concepts. Procedures for weighing coins and calculating relevant statistics are provided. 3. Guide questions ask about observed weight variations and whether they are within the balance's detection limit.

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221 views2 pages

Experiment 3 Chem 140

1. The document describes an exercise to determine the weight variation in coins using an analytical balance. Students will weigh six coins and calculate the mean, standard deviation, and range of five coins, and determine if the sixth coin's weight lies within the 95% confidence limits. 2. The goals are to illustrate using an analytical balance and introduce statistical analysis concepts. Procedures for weighing coins and calculating relevant statistics are provided. 3. Guide questions ask about observed weight variations and whether they are within the balance's detection limit.

Uploaded by

Clandy Co
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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16 Chem 2.

1: Analytical Chemistry

Exercise No. 3:
Determination of Weight
Variation in Coins
Introduction
In quantitative work, it is necessary to reduce to acceptable levels the errors
to which all measurements are subject. The sources of errors must
essentially be identified first and then the effort to minimize them to
acceptable levels assessed. The limitations of time, techniques and expenses
involved can greatly keep a method from being accurate and precise. One
cannot depend on a single measurement to give a result that corresponds to
the true value with a high degree of confidence. That is why measurements
are done in replicates and results are treated statistically to provide the best
estimate of both the error of the method and the value of the measured
quantity.
The evaluation of experimentally obtained results therefor must involve the
determination of the direction and extent of errors in the individual
measurement. Secondly, it must involve statistical evaluation of the set of
measurements so as to get an estimate of the best value of the degree of
confidence warranted in it. In this exercise, students will determine the weight
of coins of the same denomination. The result can also provide an
assessment of the reliability and sensitivity of the analytical balance used in
the measurement.

Learning Outcomes
1. To illustrate the use of the analytical balance.
2. To introduce some concepts of statistical analysis.

Materials and Equipment


 Analytical balance  Six 25-centavo coin
 Tweezers

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Procedure

1. Check the zero point each time before using the balance. Make sure that
the lever is in arrest position before placing or removing anything from the
pan.
Note 1: If the analytical balance is a Mettler of Mettler type balance the level bubble should be
checked each time before using.

Note 2: If the level bubble is not exactly centered in the circle inscribed on the glass, adjust the
leveling screws on the base until the level bubble is exactly centered in the circle.

2. Designate each of the first five coins as samples A and the sixth coin as
sample B.
3. Determine the weight of each coin in the analytical balance. Record the
weights of the six coins in your data and results sheets.
4. After weighing, make sure that the lever is in arrest position and all weight
control knobs are returned to zero.
5. For the coins belonging to samples A; calculate the
a. Mean
b. Standard deviation
c. Range
6. Determine whether sample B lies within the 95% confidence limits of
samples A.
95% confidence limits = 1.96 (s/√n)
Wherex = mean
s = standard deviation

Guide questions and instructions on how to prepare


and submit the laboratory report
1. Were there weight variations of the coins used in this exercise?
2. Was the magnitude of the variations within the bounds of the detection
limit of the analytical balance used?

Additional Resources

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IaTFpp-uzp0 (Calculation)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ybNEy3wZGL8&t=42s (Analysis and Result)

References

Salas, F. (2018). Laboratory Manual in Chem 140.1 Quantitative Chemistry. Leyte


Christian, G. 1980. Analytical Chemistry. Third Edition. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Bauer, E. 1971. Statistical Manual for Chemists. Second Edition. Academic Press, New York.

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