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A Zvs Interleaved Boost Ac/Dc Converter Used in Plug-In Electric Vehicles

This document summarizes a research paper on a novel zero-voltage switching (ZVS) interleaved boost power factor correction (PFC) AC/DC converter used for charging electric vehicle batteries from the utility mains. The proposed converter consists of two interleaved boost cells with an auxiliary circuit between them to provide reactive current for soft switching. This improves efficiency by reducing losses compared to conventional hard-switched converters. Simulation results from a 3kW prototype show increased efficiency and superior performance of the proposed converter. The aim is to develop an efficient, high power factor converter suitable for electric vehicle battery charging.

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KANNAN MANI
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76 views4 pages

A Zvs Interleaved Boost Ac/Dc Converter Used in Plug-In Electric Vehicles

This document summarizes a research paper on a novel zero-voltage switching (ZVS) interleaved boost power factor correction (PFC) AC/DC converter used for charging electric vehicle batteries from the utility mains. The proposed converter consists of two interleaved boost cells with an auxiliary circuit between them to provide reactive current for soft switching. This improves efficiency by reducing losses compared to conventional hard-switched converters. Simulation results from a 3kW prototype show increased efficiency and superior performance of the proposed converter. The aim is to develop an efficient, high power factor converter suitable for electric vehicle battery charging.

Uploaded by

KANNAN MANI
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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International Conference on Computational Intelligence & Advanced Manufacturing Research

ICCIAMR 2013, Vol-2, ISBN - 978-81-924031-7-5

A Zvs Interleaved Boost Ac/Dc Converter


Used In Plug-In Electric Vehicles
Ganesh Kumar.B1, Ravikumar.D2, Palani.M3, Muthu kumar.P4, Mr.P.K.Mani5
1-4
Student, 5Faculty
Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr.RR & Dr.SR Engineering College-Chennai

ABSTRACT: This paper presents a novel, yet circuit is able to provide reactive current to charge
simple zero-voltage switching (ZVS) interleaved and discharge the output capacitors of the boost
boost power factor correction (PFC) ac/dc MOSFETs and guarantee ZVS. Since there are no
converter used to charge the traction battery of an extra semiconductors used in the auxiliary circuit,
electric vehicle from the utility mains. The high efficiency and reliability are the main
proposed opology consists of a passive auxiliary
circuit, placed between two phases of the in- advantages of the proposed system. In addition, the
terleaved front-end boost PFC converter, which proposed converter is able to optimize the amount
provides enough current to charge and discharge of reactive current required to implement soft
the MOSFETs’ output capacitors during turn-ON switching based on the load condition and the input
times. Therefore, the MOSFETs are turned ON at voltage. Thus, the conduction losses caused by the
zero voltage. The proposed converter maintains auxiliary circuit are minimized based on the
ZVS for the universal input voltage, which operating condition.
includes a very wide range of duty ratios. In
addition, the control system optimizes the amount Objective:
of reactive current required to guarantee ZVS
during the line cycle for different load conditions. The aim of the project is to develop an
This opti- mization is crucial in this application embedded based high power factor and efficient
since the converter may work at very light loads for AC-DC converter suitable for charging batteries
a long period of time. Experimental results from a
3 kW ac/dc converter are presented in the paper to that are used in electric vehicles.
evaluate the performance of the proposed
converter. The results show a considerable increase PRINCIPLE:
in efficiency and superior performance of the
proposed converter compared to the conventional Due to reactive elements used in ac-dc
hard-switched interleaved boost PFC converter. converters and the load inductance, the pf of the
battery chargers will be low. Also there will be
INTRODUCTION :
considerable power loss in the MOSFET switches.
ELECTRIC vehicle (EV)
power conditioning systems usually utilize a high- In the proposed topology, two boost cells each
energy battery pack to store energy for the electric with a single main MOSFET switch are interleaved.
traction system. A typical block diagram of the For each main switch an auxiliary MOSFET switch
power conditioning system in an EV. The high- along with a common RL circuit is provided in
energy battery pack is typically charged from a
utility ac outlet . This energy conversion during the order to resonate with filter capacitor to achieve
battery charging is performed by an ac/dc ZVS ( Zero Voltage Switching) of main switches.
converter. Such ac/dc converters, which are
used to charge the high-energy battery, usually EXISTING SYSTEM :
consist of two stages: front-end boost converter,
which performs input PFC and ac/dc conversion,  Boost converters are generally used to
and full-bridge dc/dc converter for battery charging realize input PFC and ac/dc conversion in
and galvanic isolation [3]. PFC is essential to the front end of an ac/dc converter.
improve the quality of the input current, which is
drawn from the utility so as to comply with the  In high power applications, interleaving
regulatory standards like IEC 61000-3-2.
continuous current mode (CCM) PFC
A novel interleaved boost PFC converter is boost stages is a very common approach to
proposed to achieve soft switching in the main effectively decrease the inductor footprint
switches of the converter. The proposed converter and volume as well as the output capacitor
implements soft switching through a simple passive current ripple.
auxiliary circuit placed in between the two phases
of the interleaved boost converter. This auxiliary

265
International Conference on Computational Intelligence & Advanced Manufacturing Research
ICCIAMR 2013, Vol-2, ISBN - 978-81-924031-7-5

 A typical boost PFC utilizes a switch and a  The efficiency is low.


diode
 Limitation of the maximum power
 In the range of a few kilowatts, power handling capacity of the converter.
MOSFETs are usually used to realize the
boost converter.  Hard switching.

 The main sources of switching losses in


BEFORE POWERFACTORCORRECTION:
boost PFC converters are hard turn-ON of
the MOSFET and the reverse recovery of
the boost diode during its turn-OFF.

 In order to eliminate the switching losses


in a MOSFET-based boost PFC

converter, different auxiliary circuits have been


proposed.

DISADVANTAGE :

 Hard turn-ON of the MOSFET and the


reverse recovery of the boost diode.

 Use of extra semiconductor devices such


as diodes and MOSFETs causes extra
losses with the auxiliary circuit.

 Cost and complexity of the overall


converter is high.

PROPOSED SYSTEM : MOSFET switch along with a


common
 A novel interleaved boost PFC
converter is proposed to achieve soft RL circuit is provided in order to
switching in the main switches of the resonate with filter capacitor to
converter. achieve ZVS ( Zero Voltage
Switching) of main switches.
 In the proposed topology, two boost
cells each with a single main  This auxiliary circuit is able to provide
MOSFET switch are interleaved. reactive current to charge and
discharge the output capacitors of the
 For each main switch an auxiliary boost MOSFETs and guarantee ZVS.

PROPOSED SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM :

266
International Conference on Computational Intelligence & Advanced Manufacturing Research
ICCIAMR 2013, Vol-2, ISBN - 978-81-924031-7-5

ADVANTAGE OF PROPOSED SYSTEM :


implement soft switching based on the
 Since there are no extra load condition and the input voltage.
semiconductors used in the auxiliary
circuit, this converter will have high  Conduction losses caused by the
efficiency and reliability auxiliary circuit are minimized based
on the operating condition.
 This converter is able to optimize the
amount of reactive current required to  Soft switching of MOSFET

POWER FACTOR CORRECTION :


CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

267
International Conference on Computational Intelligence & Advanced Manufacturing Research
ICCIAMR 2013, Vol-2, ISBN - 978-81-924031-7-5

SIMULATION OUTPUT :  Fuel cells


GATE PULSE :
CONCLUSION :

 In this paper, a new interleaved boost PFC


converter is proposed, which provides soft
switching for the power MOSFETs,
through an auxiliary circuit.
 This auxiliary circuit provides reactive
current during the transition times of the
MOSFETs to charge and discharge the
output capacitors of theMOSFETs.
 In addition, the control system effectively
optimizes the amount of reactive current
required to achieve ZVS for the power
MOSFETs.
 The frequency loop, which is introduced in
the control system, determines the
frequency of the modulator based on the
load condition and the duty cycle of the
converter. The experimental results and
efficiency curves show the superior
POWER FACTOR OUTPUT : Performance of the proposed converter
compared to the conventional one.

REFERENCE :

1. Paul E. Scheihing, "U.S. Department of Energy’s


Motor Challenge Program: A National Strategy for
Energy Efficient Industrial Motor-Driven Systems,"
http://www1.eere.energy.gov/industry/bestpractices/moto
r_challenge_national_strategy.html.
2. Joe Roy, Fairchild Semiconductor, "Efficient
motor/controls save terawatt-hours/year,"
http://www2.electronicproducts.com/Efficient_motor_co
ntrols_save_terawatt-hours_year-article-FAJH_Energy-
Dec2007-html.aspx.
3 Energy Information Administration, "World Total Net
Electricity Consumption, Most Recent Annual
Estimates,1980-2007,"2008,
http://www.eia.doe.gov/international/RecentTotalElectric
Consumption.xls.
4. Joint Research Centre, Renewable Energy Unit, "PV
INNOVATION AND MODIFICATION : Status Report
 Closed loop control can be employed by 2008,"http://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/refsys/pdf/PV%20Report
sensing the load voltage and fed to ADC %202008.pdf.
of microcontroller.
 Then the load voltage can be compared
with a set value and the error signal can be
used to modify the duty ratio of boost
cells to achieve the desired load voltage.
APPLICATIONS :
 Battery chargers

 Electric vehicles

268

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