Problem Set 1

Biostatistics, Math 102A

Group 6
General Instruction:
⚫ The submission of the soft copy of the answers with complete necessary solutions
will be on June 28, 2021 (Monday, until 8:00AM only)
⚫ The file should contain the following;
A. Year and Section
B. Group Number
C. Complete Name of the Members
⚫ Submit the output at [email protected]

1. The Department of Health of Davao City conducted a survey about COVID-19 cases
in Leon Garcia Agdao, Davao City. Out of the total population of that area, they only
consider 50 respondents whose age are 25 to 50 years old. The table below shows the
number of respondents in a particular age. (20 pts)
Age: 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33
No. Of
Respondents: 3 6 2 0 2 2 5 5 1
Age: 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
No. Of
Respondents: 2 2 0 1 0 2 2 2 1
Age: 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
No. Of
Respondents: 2 0 3 1 1 2 1 2

Using the same information determine the following and show the complete and
necessary solution.
A. The measures of central tendency for ungrouped data
Solution:
First, take note of the values of the ungrouped data. There are 50 respondents
so the number of values should equal to 50.

25, 25, 25, 26, 26, 26, 26, 26, 26, 27, 27, 29, 29, 30, 30, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31, 32, 32, 32,
32, 32, 33, 34, 34, 35, 35, 37, 39, 39, 40,40, 41, 41, 42, 43, 43, 45, 45, 45,
46,47,48,48,49,50, 50

Formula:
X̄ = sum of values
Number of values

X̄=1767
50

X̄ = 35.34=35
Now, to get the median and the mode, the set of data should be arranged in an
ascending way if it is not arranged yet.

25, 25, 25, 26, 26, 26, 26, 26, 26, 27, 27, 29, 29, 30, 30, 31, 31, 31, 31, 31, 32, 32, 32,
32, 32, 33, 34, 34, 35, 35, 37, 39, 39, 40,40, 41, 41, 42, 43, 43, 45, 45, 45,
46,47,48,48,49,50, 50

We will get the median value of this set of data.

So since the number of data is even number, we have to solve for the median value.
The middle values in data set are number 32 and 33. To get the median value we will
add and divide these values.
Solution:

x͂= 32+33
2
x͂= 65
2

x͂= 32.5=33

After getting the values for the mean and median, next we will get the mode of the
data set.

Solution:

Mo= most repeating value

In this case, it is very obvious that the most repeating value is the number 26.
Therefore, Mo=26.

B. The measures of central tendency for grouped data

MEAN
CLASS FREQUENCY MIDPOINT (F)(x)
25-27 11 26 286
28-30 4 29 116
31-33 11 32 352
34-36 4 35 140
37-39 3 38 114
40-42 5 41 205
43-45 5 44 220
46-48 4 47 188
49-51 3 50 150
TOTAL 50 1,771
Mean= sum of (f)(x)/sum of f

Mean= 1771
50
Mean= 35.42

MEDIAN

Getting the cumulative frequency

CLASS FREQUENCY CUMULATIVE

FREQUENCY
25-27 11 11
28-30 4 15
31-33 11 26
34-36 4 30
37-39 3 33
40-42 5 38
43-45 5 43
46-48 4 47
49-51 3 50
TOTAL 50

Solve for the n/2. So 50/2= 25.

Next,let us determine the median class basing on the answer of n/2 which is 25.
Observe that 25 can be located between the cumulative frequency 15 and 26.
However, 25 cannot be seen in less than 15 but can be seen in less than 26. Therefore
the median class is 31-33 which is the class of cumulative frequency 26.

Furthermore, let us determine the cumulative frequency before the median class. The
median class is 31-33, and the cumulative frequency before it is 15 thus Cf=15

Next, lets determine the lower boundary of the median class. Since the median class
is 31-33 the lower boundary is 31-0.5=30.5

Next, let us determine the frequency of the median class which is 11.

Next, let us find out the class size by subtracting the upper boundary of m and lower
boundary of m. 33.5-30.5= 3
Lastly, let us substitute the determined values in the formula.

N/2=25
Cf=15
Median class lower boundary= 30.5
Frequency= 11
Class size= 3

Median= (25-15)/11)(3)+30.5
= 33.23 +30.5
Median=33.23 =34

MODE

CLASS FREQUENCY
25-27 11
28-30 4
31-33 11
34-36 4
37-39 3
40-42 5
43-45 5
46-48 4
49-51 3
TOTAL 50

The first step is to determine the modal class. The modal class is the class with the
highest frequency. However, in the table, there are two classes that have the same
frequency which is also the highest. These classes are 25-27 and 31-33. Therefore, this
set of data is bimodal.

We will get the mode of the class 25-27.

Next, we will determine the lower boundary of the modal class, thus, 25-0.5=24.5

Determine the  1 = difference between the frequency of the modal class and the
frequency before the modal class thus, 11-0=11
Determine the  2 = difference between the frequency of the modal class and the
frequency after the modal class, thus, 11-4=7

Determine I= upper boundary of m- lower boundary of m. Thus, 27.5-24.5=3

Next, substitute the determined values. The values are:

 = 24.5
LB

 1 = 11
 2 =7
I= 3

Mode= 24.5+(11/(11+7))(3)
= 26.33

Since our grouped data set is bimodal, we will get the mode of the class 31-33 as well
which has the same frequency with the class 25-27.

First, let us determine the lower boundary of the modal class, thus, 31-0.5=30.5

Determine the  1 = difference between the frequency of the modal class and the
frequency before the modal class thus, 11-4=7
Determine the  2 = difference between the frequency of the modal class and the
frequency after the modal class, thus, 11-4=7

Determine I= upper boundary of m- lower boundary of m. Thus, 33.5-30.5=3

Next, substitute the determined values. The values are:

 LB
= 30.5
 1 =7
 2
=7
I= 3

Mode= 30.5+(7/(7+7))(3)
= 32
2.The data below contains the age of ten patients in a particular hospital. Each age has
corresponding systolic blood pressure (SBP). (30 pts.)

Subject Age SBP

1 34 110
2 38 130
3 42 105
4 45 124
5 48 136
6 54 145
7 57 157
8 63 138
9 66 158
10 73 167

Use these results to predict or estimate the systolic blood pressure (SBP) of the
following ages;
A. 35 years old
B. 46 years old
C. 81 years old

Formula:
y = mx + b

where,

n n n
n  xi y i − (  xi )(  y i )
m= i =1 i =1 i =1
n n b = y − m x
n  xi2 − (  xi ) 2
i =1 i =1

Subject Age (x) SBP (y) (x)(y) x2

1 34 110 3740 1156
2 38 130 4940 1444
3 42 105 4410 1764
4 45 124 5580 2025
5 48 136 6528 2304
6 54 145 7830 2916
7 57 157 8949 3249
8 63 138 8694 3969
9 66 158 10428 4356
10 73 167 12191 5329
TOTAL 520 1370 73290 28512
Find the value of m using the determined values in step 1. The values are;

10 10

 xi =520
10 10

i =1
y i = 1370 x y i i = 73290 x 2
i = 28512
i =1 i =1 i =1

n=10

n n n
n  xi y i − (  xi )(  y i )
m= i =1
n
i =1
n
i =1

n  xi2 − (  xi ) 2
i =1 i =1

(10 )( 73290 ) − (520 )(1370 )

m=
(10 )( 28512 ) − (520 ) 2

732900 − 712400 20500

m= =
285120 − 270 , 400 14720

m  1.39

Find the value of b using the mean of x, y and the value of m.

mean of x:

34 + 38 + 42 + 45 + 48 + 54 + 57 + 63 + 66 + 73 520
x= = = 52
10 10
mean of y:

110 + 130 + 105 + 124 + 136 + 145 + 157 + 138 + 158 + 167 1370
y= = = 137
10 10

m  1.39
b = y − mx
b = 137 − (1.39 )(52 ) = 137 − 72 .28
b = 64 .72

Write the regression formula using the determined value of m and b. The values are;
Use these results to predict or estimate the systolic blood pressure (SBP) of the
following ages;
D. 35 years old
E. 46 years old
F. 81 years old
 m  1.39 y = mx + b b = 64 .72

D.35 years old

y=1.39(35)+64.72
y= 113.37
y=113

E.46 years old

y=1.39(46)+64.72
y= 128.66
y= 129

F.81 years old

y=1.39(81)+64.72
y= 177.31
y=177

Group Members
John Kharl Villoria
Gabriell Tangaran
Diana Togon
Angela Velez
Reychell Ann Urdaneta
Leah Villegas