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    Chapter 2 English PPT On Liberty

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    ANUSHKA TRIPATHI
    John Stuart Mill was a 19th century British philosopher who authored the influential work "On Liberty." In it, he argued that individual liberty should be absolute as long as it does not harm others. He believed the only justification for limiting individual freedom was to prevent harm. Mill also strongly defended freedom of speech and discussion, arguing that dissenting opinions could possess truth and that debate allows for a fuller understanding of ideas. While societies prefer conformity, Mill thought individuality was important for human development, and that customs should not overly restrict free expression of the self.

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    Chapter 2 English PPT On Liberty

    Uploaded by

    ANUSHKA TRIPATHI
    281 views12 pages
    John Stuart Mill was a 19th century British philosopher who authored the influential work "On Liberty." In it, he argued that individual liberty should be absolute as long as it does not harm others. He believed the only justification for limiting individual freedom was to prevent harm. Mill also strongly defended freedom of speech and discussion, arguing that dissenting opinions could possess truth and that debate allows for a fuller understanding of ideas. While societies prefer conformity, Mill thought individuality was important for human development, and that customs should not overly restrict free expression of the self.

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    jaunstaurt mill on ,iberty

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    CHAPTER 2 ENGLISH PPT ON LIBERTY

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    John Stuart Mill was a 19th century British philosopher who authored the influential work "On Liberty." In it, he argued that individual liberty should be absolute as long as it does not harm others. He believed the only justification for limiting individual freedom was to prevent harm. Mill also strongly defended freedom of speech and discussion, arguing that dissenting opinions could possess truth and that debate allows for a fuller understanding of ideas. While societies prefer conformity, Mill thought individuality was important for human development, and that customs should not overly restrict free expression of the self.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    281 views12 pages

    Chapter 2 English PPT On Liberty

    Uploaded by

    ANUSHKA TRIPATHI
    John Stuart Mill was a 19th century British philosopher who authored the influential work "On Liberty." In it, he argued that individual liberty should be absolute as long as it does not harm others. He believed the only justification for limiting individual freedom was to prevent harm. Mill also strongly defended freedom of speech and discussion, arguing that dissenting opinions could possess truth and that debate allows for a fuller understanding of ideas. While societies prefer conformity, Mill thought individuality was important for human development, and that customs should not overly restrict free expression of the self.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 12

    On Liberty

    (John Stuart Mill)


    Overview
    Who was John Stuart Mill?
    What were his ideas on individual
    liberty?
    What was his defense for
    freedom of speech (i.e. thought
    and discussion)?
    Why did he favor individuality in
    society?
    John Stuart Mill (1806-1873)
    Prodigious political economist
    Third-generation Benthamite
    Contemporary of Alexis de
    Tocqueville
    Member of parliament and public
    official
    Made famous by his essay “On
    Liberty”
    On Individual Liberty
    Liberty is absolute insofar as the
    individual is concerned
    –the “inward domain of
    consciousness”
    –liberty of tastes and pursuits
    –freedom of association
    Negative Liberty
    The limit of liberty in society is
    when it impinges upon the
    liberty of others
    Thus, the only justifiable reason
    to interfere with an individual’s
    exercise of liberty is to prevent
    harm to others
    Negative Liberty
    There is a need to regulate the
    exercise of freedom…
    –by individuals vis-à-vis other
    individuals
    –by government vis-à-vis those
    whom they govern
    –by society vis-à-vis the
    demands made on government
    On Freedom of Speech
    In democracies, public opinion
    overpowers alternative ideas
    The tendency is for individuals to
    be intolerant of ideas that go
    against the grain
    At times, people take for granted
    the rationale behind conventional
    wisdom
    On Freedom of Speech
    1. No one is infallible
    2. Dissenting opinions may
    possess some truth
    3. Discussion enables people to
    better understand what is true
    4. Discussion allows people to
    take to heart what is accepted
    as true
    On Freedom of Speech
    Mill’s criterion of truth is prescient
    of Karl Popper’s criterion of
    falsifiability
    –All knowledge is tentative
    –We only accept as true that
    which can be and has not been
    falsified (disputed)
    On Individuality
    Societies generally prefer
    conformity over individuality
    –Conformity = Stability
    –Conformity reflects the
    preference of the majority
    Thus customs/traditions are
    important to promote conformity
    On Individuality
    It is in man’s nature to be free
    and express his individuality
    Man possesses faculties that
    allow him to discern and make
    choices
    To deprive man of such choices
    is to stunt his development
    The key is to harness this
    individuality properly
    On Mill’s Other Ideas
    Utility as the final arbiter of
    ethical questions
    Liberty as proper to a particular
    stage of societal development
    Skepticism towards organized
    religion
    Etc.

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