Double Stage Amplifier RC

TO DESIGN 5 VOLT AND 12 VOLT POWER SUPPLY
MINI PROJECT
Diploma Project Report
Submitted towards the partial fulfilment of the requirements for the
Diploma
In
Electronics & Tele-Communication Engineering
By
STUTI BHATTACHARJEE_Roll-DNARETCES2
Under the supervision of
PUSPAK PAIN
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
Narula Institute of Technology
81, Nilgunj Road, Agarpara, Kolkata-700109
Affiliated to
WEST BENGAL STATE COUNCIL OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
2019-2022
DECLARATION
I Stuti Bhattacharjee bearing Council Roll DNARETCES2 No.10016900 declare that the
project work is an original work performed by us in the department of Electronics and
Telecommunication engineering, Narula Institute of Technology, Kolkata. To complete
the work, we have taken some references and are cited in the report.
Date: 31.12.2020
Signature of student
Stuti Bhattacharjee
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my teachers who gave me the
golden opportunity to do this wonderful project on the topic, which also helped me and
enhanced my knowledge by doing a lot of research and I came to know about so many
new things.
I am really thankful to them.
Secondly, I would also like to thank my parents and friends who helped me a lot in
finishing this project within the limited time.
I am making this project not only for marks but to also increase my knowledge for my
future experience .
THANKS AGAIN TO ALL WHO HELPED ME.
Signature of the student
Stuti Bhattacharjee
4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sl. No. Title Page No.
01 Introduction 5
02 Hardware description 6
03 Circuit Diagram 7
04 List of components 7
05 Study of marketability 8-9
06 Scope for future development 9
07 Conclusion 10
08 References 10
INTRODUCTION
This 2 stage amplifier circuit comprises of two stages each of which perform
amplification on the incoming audio signals and output finally obtained at the end
of 2nd stage. A simple Microphone was used to feed input audio signals followed
by a coupling capacitor C1 which removes any DC element from audio signal.
In the first stage the transistor was wired in Collector emitter

amplifier. R1 and R2 forms a voltage divider in order to provide the bias voltage
for the transistor to turn it ON. R3 serves as the Load resistor for the transistor to
amplify the voltage of the input signals. The variation in base current of transistor
from the Microphone controls the Q1 and voltage developed in R3 will be
inverted with respect to the input signal from the Microphone .Thus amplified
signal is obtained from R3 and goes to the next transistor stage through a
coupling capacitor C5 to remove the DC element from the signal. R4 serves the
purpose of providing feedback to stabilize the DC bias given to the Q1 transistor.
C2 was used to maintain the gain at which the voltage of the input signal in
amplified by this stage.
This stage was used to amplify the current of the audio signal
and configured as an emitter follower stage. The load resistor is omitted here to
decrease the output impedance and amplify the current of the signal. The
Resistor R5 goes in to same swing equivalent to the signal from output of first
stage.Thus Voltage and Current amplified signal can be obtained from the
Emitter terminal of the Transistor Q2. This improves the overall power of the
signal making it suitable to drive the output speaker connected to it. The signal is
then passed through a capacitor C4 which blocks the DC element from the
output signal. C3 a decoupling capacitor was used to keep away the stray noise
and avoid oscillations affecting the circuit .Thus the final output signal will be both
current and voltage amplified and can drive the Speaker directly and capable of
producing loud and clear sound from it.
What is an RC Coupled Amplifier?
An amplifier with the multiple stages based on the necessary levels of amplification can be defined as an
RC coupled amplifier. It can be connected in any transistor configurations based on the efficiency of the
system. It is widely used in audio and video communication devices.
HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
The constructional details of a two-stage RC coupled transistor amplifier circuit are as follows. The two
stage amplifier circuit has two transistors, connected in CE configuration and a common power supply
VCC is used. The potential divider network R1 and R2 and the resistor Re form the biasing and stabilization
network. The emitter by-pass capacitor Ce offers a low reactance path to the signal.
The resistor RL is used as a load impedance. The input capacitor C in present at the initial stage of the
amplifier couples AC signal to the base of the transistor. The capacitor C C is the coupling capacitor that
connects two stages and prevents DC interference between the stages and controls the shift of
operating point. The figure below shows the circuit diagram of RC coupled amplifier.
Frequency Response of RC Coupled Amplifier

Frequency response curve is a graph that indicates the relationship
between voltage gain and function of frequency. The frequency
response of a RC coupled amplifier is as shown in the following
graph.
Apparatus Required/LIST OF COMPONETS:
The apparatus required for the experiment is as follows:
1. 2N2369
2. ALTERNATOR
3. CAP
4. NPN
5. RES
6. TBLOCK12
CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS ON PROTEOUS WITH PROPER SIMULATION

Advantages of RC Coupled Amplifier
The following are the advantages of RC coupled amplifier.
 The frequency response of RC amplifier provides constant gain
over a wide frequency range, hence most suitable for audio
applications.
 The circuit is simple and has lower cost because it employs
resistors and capacitors which are cheap.
 It becomes more compact with the upgrading technology.
Disadvantages of RC Coupled Amplifier

The following are the disadvantages of RC coupled amplifier.
 The voltage and power gain are low because of the effective
load resistance.
 They become noisy with age.
 Due to poor impedance matching, power transfer will be low.
Applications of RC Coupled Amplifier as future

scope
The following are the applications of RC coupled amplifier.
 They have excellent audio fidelity over a wide range of
frequency.
 Widely used as Voltage amplifiers
 Due to poor impedance matching, RC coupling is rarely used in
the final stages.

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TO DESIGN 5 VOLT AND 12 VOLT POWER SUPPLY

Diploma Project Report

Submitted towards the partial fulfilment of the requirements for the

Electronics & Tele-Communication Engineering

Under the supervision of

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering

Narula Institute of Technology

81, Nilgunj Road, Agarpara, Kolkata-700109

WEST BENGAL STATE COUNCIL OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

Telecommunication engineering, Narula Institute of Technology, Kolkata. To complete

I am really thankful to them.

finishing this project within the limited time.

THANKS AGAIN TO ALL WHO HELPED ME.

Signature of the student

Sl. No. Title Page No.

05 Study of marketability 8-9

06 Scope for future development 9

In the first stage the transistor was wired in Collector emitter

What is an RC Coupled Amplifier?

Frequency Response of RC Coupled Amplifier

Apparatus Required/LIST OF COMPONETS:

The apparatus required for the experiment is as follows:

CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS ON PROTEOUS WITH PROPER SIMULATION

Disadvantages of RC Coupled Amplifier

Applications of RC Coupled Amplifier as future

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