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 BRITISH STANDARD BS 534:1990

Specification for

Steel pipes, joints and

specials for water and
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

sewage
BS 534:1990

Committees responsible for this

British Standard

The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Piping Systems
Components Standards Policy Committee (PSE/-) to Technical Committee
PSE/8, upon which the following bodies were represented:

Adhesive Tape Manufacturers’ Association

British Compressed Air Society
British Gas plc
British Malleable Tube Fittings Association

Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

British Steel Industry
British Valve and Actuator Manufacturers’ Association
British Welded Steel Tube Association
Food and Drink Federation
Institution of Civil Engineers
Institution of Gas Engineers
Institution of Water and Environmental Management
Mechanical Handling Engineers’ Association
Stainless Steel Fabricators’ Association of Great Britain
TI (Group Services) Ltd.
Water Companies’ Association
Water Research Centre
Water Services’ Association of England and Wales
Wrought Fitting Makers’ Association

This British Standard, having

been prepared under the
direction of the Piping Systems
Components Standards Policy
Committee, was published
under the authority of the Board
of BSI and comes
into effect on
31 August 1990

© BSI 02-1999

First published 1934 Amendments issued since publication

Second edition December 1966
Third edition February 1981
Amd. No. Date Comments
Fourth edition August 1990

The following BSI references

relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference PSE/8
Draft for comment 88/73158 DC

ISBN 0 580 188175

 BS 534:1990

Contents

Page
Committees responsible Inside front cover
Foreword iii
Section 1. General
1 Scope 1
2 Information to be supplied by the purchaser 1
3 Definitions 1
4 Designation of size 2
5 Materials 2
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

6 Effect of non-metallic products on water quality 2

7 Marking 2
8 Manufacturer’s and test certificates 3
Section 2. Pipes
9 Sizes, masses per unit length and test pressures of pipes 4
10 Length 4
Section 3. Joints
11 Types of joints 5
12 Butt-welded joints 5
13 Sleeve joints for welding 5
14 Slip-on type couplings 6
15 Flange joints 8
16 Threaded and coupled joints 8
Section 4. Specials
17 Fabrication 9
18 Testing 9
19 Tolerances 9
20 Even curvature manipulated bends 9
21 Gusseted bends 10
22 Tees 10
23 Welding collars 10
Section 5. Protection against corrosion
24 Surface preparation 13
25 Coatings and linings 13
26 External protection 13
27 Internal protection 14
28 Tests on applied external and internal protections 14
29 Concrete lining and cement mortar lining of pipes 15
30 Stop back of protection at ends 17
31 Completion of protections at joints 17
32 Protection of coated and lined pipes against damage in storage,
transport and handling 17
Appendix A Essential information to be supplied by the purchaser in the
enquiry and order 18
Appendix B Purchaser options 18
Appendix C Electrical test for continuity 18
Figure 1 — Butt-welded joint preparation 5
Figure 2 — Sleeve welded joints 7
Figure 3 — Slip-on type couplings 8

© BSI 02-1999 i
BS 534:1990

Page
Figure 4 — Threaded and coupled joints recessed for bitumen lining 8
Figure 5 — Even curvature bend of 90° 9
Figure 6 — Even curvature bend less than 90° 9
Figure 7 — Gusseted bend type 1, not more than 30° 10
Figure 8 — Gusseted bend type 2, over 30° up to 60° 10
Figure 9 — Gusseted bend type 3, over 60° up to 90° 10
Figure 10 — Plain end tee for slip-on type coupling and butt-welded joint 11

Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

Figure 11 — Sleeve joint tee for welding 11
Figure 12 — Tee with flanged branch 12
Figure 13 — Welding collar 12
Table 1 — Minimum nominal thickness, mass per metre length
and hydraulic test pressure for steel pipes 4
Table 2 — End tolerances 5
Table 3 — Lengths of slip-on type coupling sleeves 6
Table 4 — Tolerances on outside diameter on length L 6
Table 5 — Coupler recess dimensions: taper threading to BS 21 8
Table 6 — Coupler recess dimensions: taper threading to API
standard 5B 8
Table 7 — Dimensions of even curvature bends: sizes 60.3 mm
to 323.9 mm o.d. inclusive 10
Table 8 — Dimensions of gusseted bends: pipe sizes 114.3 mm
to 2235 mm o.d. inclusive 11
Table 9 — Dimensions of tees: pipe sizes 60.3 mm to 2235 mm
o.d. inclusive 12
Table 10 — Thickness of bitumen sheathing material 13
Table 11 — Thickness of polyethylene 14
Table 12 — Thickness of bitumen lining material 15
Table 13 — Thickness of concrete lining 15
Table 14 — Thickness of cement mortar lining 17
Publications referred to Inside back cover

ii © BSI 02-1999
 BS 534:1990

Foreword

This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Piping
Systems Components Standards Policy Committee and supersedes BS 534:1981
which is withdrawn.
Pipe outside diameters have been aligned with ISO 4200 published by the
International Organization for Standardization.
Requirements for external and internal protections given in section 5 will be
replaced in due course by protection requirements given in new
British Standards.
Reference is made to the need for non-metallic products which will come into
contact with potable water to comply with BS 6920-1.
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.

Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv,
pages 1 to 18, an inside back cover and a back cover.
This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on
the inside front cover.

© BSI 02-1999 iii

Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

blank
iv
 BS 534:1990

Section 1. General

1 Scope 3.5
random lengths
This standard specifies requirements for seamless
and welded carbon steel pipes and specials and for normal manufacturing lengths falling within a
joints in respect of the pipe end preparation, in specified range
sizes 60.3 mm to 2 235 mm outside diameter, for 3.6
the conveyance of water and sewage. It includes cut lengths
external and internal protection against the
pipes cut to a specified length on which only a small
corrosive action of the surrounding medium and
tolerance is allowed
conveyed fluid.
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

NOTE 1 This standard does not apply to those steel tubes and 3.7
tubulars with screwed and socketed joints, which are covered by effective length
the requirements of BS 1387.
NOTE 2 For recommendations on the basis of design and
the actual length that a pipe contributes when
service limitations, reference should be made to CP 2010-2. correctly assembled in a run of piping. This
NOTE 3 The titles of the publications referred to in this dimension excludes the additional length
standard are listed on the inside back cover. contributed by a slip-on type coupling when this is
used
2 Information to be supplied by the
3.8
purchaser glass tissue
2.1 The purchaser is to provide to the supplier the a uniformly porous mat, of minimum mass 40 g/m2,
information given in Appendix A to enable products made of glass monofilaments in random
to be supplied in accordance with this standard. arrangement bonded with a thermosetting resin
2.2 A number of options are permitted by this
3.9
standard as given in Appendix B.
reinforced glass tissue
Both the definitive requirements specified
throughout this standard and the options selected glass tissue with the addition of strands of glass
yarn to give additional longitudinal tensile
by the purchaser shall be satisfied by the
strength, the whole being bonded with a
manufacturer before a claim of compliance with this
thermosetting resin
standard can be made and verified. In the event that
the purchaser does not indicate his requirements at 3.10
the time of enquiry and order the manufacturer woven glass cloth
shall select the option where appropriate. a loom-state fabric, of minimum mass 120 g/m2,
made of low alkali glass, complying with BS 3396-1
3 Definitions and uniformly woven from continuous filament yarn
For the purposes of this British Standard, the to form a porous cloth with selvedges well made,
following definitions apply. substantially straight and even, or a lock woven
square mesh lacquer bonded fabric
3.1
pipe 3.11
composite glass fibre fabric
a straight conduit for fluid, of circular cross section,
with plain or prepared ends a reinforcement consisting of glass lock welded
fabric and glass fibre combined
3.2
NOTE This reinforcement may be impregnated uniformly with
fitting a suitable bitumen or coal tar derived material.
a component fitted to a pipe for jointing, connecting 3.12
or changing the direction or bore of a pipe lining
3.3 a durable material applied to the internal surface of
special steel pipes and fittings to protect the metal from
a fitting made from manipulated or fabricated pipe, corrosion, erosion or chemical attack
i.e. bend, gusseted bend, tee, collar 3.13
3.4 coating
working pressure a durable material applied to the external surface of
the maximum sustained operating pressure at steel pipes and fittings to protect the metal
which the pipe, fitting or special is intended to be
used

© BSI 02-1999 1
BS 534:1990

3.14 6 Effect of non-metallic products on

closing length water quality
the final length of pipe which effectively completes When used under the conditions for which they are
or closes the system and which is normally cut to designated, non-metallic products in contact with or
length on site likely to come into contact with potable water shall
comply with BS 6920-1:1988.
4 Designation of size NOTE 1 Non-metallic products for installation and use in the
4.1 Pipes United Kingdom which are verified and listed under the UK
Water Fittings Byelaws Scheme are deemed to satisfy the

Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

Pipes shall be designated by their outside diameters requirements of this clause. Details of the Scheme are obtainable
(in mm). from the Water Research Centre Byelaws Advisory Service, 660
Ajax Avenue, Slough SL1 4BG.
4.2 Specials
Non-metallic products approved by the Department
4.2.1 Bends shall be designated by their outside of the Environment Committee on Chemicals and
diameter (in mm) and the angle of the bend. Materials of Construction for use in Public Water
4.2.2 Tees shall be designated as follows. Supply and Swimming Pools are considered free
from adverse health effects for the purposes of
a) A tee with no reductions shall be designated by
compliance with this clause.
its common size.
NOTE 2 A list of approved chemicals and materials and details
b) A tee reducing only on the branch shall be of the approvals scheme is available from the Secretary of the
designated by two sizes, the size of the main Committee at the Department of the Environment, Water
being given first. Division, Romney House, 43 Marsham Street, London
SW1P 3PY.
c) A tee reducing on the branch and the main or
only on the main shall be designated by three 7 Marking
sizes, the larger size of the main followed by the
smaller size of the main followed by the size of the 7.1 Each pipe and special shall be legibly marked by
branch. stencilling or other indelible marking in accordance
with 7.2.
4.2.3 Collars shall be designated by the outside
diameter (in mm) of the pipes for which they are 7.2 The marking shall consist of the following in the
intended. sequence indicated:
a) the manufacturer’s name or identification
5 Materials mark;
5.1 Pipes b) the number and date of this British Standard,
i.e. BS 534:19901);
Pipes shall comply with BS 3601.
c) the designation of size;
NOTE 1 It is essential that the grade and method of
manufacture required is stated in the enquiry and order d) the material designation as given in BS 3601,
(see item b) of Appendix A). e.g. ERW 430;
NOTE 2 The purchaser has options permitted under BS 3601.
e) when a test certificate is supplied, the
5.2 Specials purchaser’s order number or other appropriate
The main bodies of specials shall comply with mark to identify the pipes with the test
BS 3601. certificate.
NOTE 1 It is essential that the grade and method of Alternatively, for tubes that are bundled, the
manufacture is stated in the enquiry and order information given in a), b), c) and e) shall be either
(see item b) of Appendix A).
NOTE 2 Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser branches stamped on one or more metal or other durable tags,
of tees may be made of other grades of weldable steel, provided or printed on banding clips or straps, which shall be
the completed fittings are at least as strong as required for the securely attached to each bundle.
main bodies. The purchaser should state in the enquiry and order
if the material for branches of tees should be identical to that Not more than one steel grade shall be included in
used for the main bodies (see item a) of Appendix B). any one bundle.
NOTE Additional markings may be used provided they do not
conflict with the requirements of 7.2.

1)
Marking BS 534:1990 on or in relation to a product represents a manufacturer’s declaration of conformity, i.e. a claim by or on
behalf of the manufacturer that the product meets the requirements of the standard. The accuracy of the claim is therefore solely
the responsibility of the person making the claim. Such a declaration is not to be confused with third party certification of
conformity, which may also be desirable.

2 © BSI 02-1999
 BS 534:1990

7.3 The quality of the paint or ink applied shall be

such that it shall have a life of at least 1 year in
unheated storage under cover.
The dried film shall not contain more
than 0.025 % (m/m) of each of the following metals:
lead, tin, copper, zinc.
NOTE For certain applications limits may be required on the
levels of sulphur and halogens in the paint. These limits should
be subject to agreement between the supplier and the purchaser.
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

8 Manufacturer’s and test certificates

8.1 Manufacturer’s certificate
When a manufacturer’s certificate is supplied it
shall state that the pipes, joints and specials, as
appropriate, comply in all respects with the
requirements of this standard.
NOTE If a manufacturer’s certificate is required this should be
stated by the purchaser in the enquiry and order
(see item b) of Appendix B).
8.2 Test certificates
When a test certificate is supplied it shall contain a
statement by the manufacturer confirming that the
pipes, joints and specials, as appropriate, have been
tested in accordance with this standard.
NOTE If a test certificate is required this should be stated by
the purchaser in the enquiry and order
(see item c) of Appendix B).

© BSI 02-1999 3
BS 534:1990

Section 2. Pipes

9 Sizes, masses per unit length and test Table 1 — Minimum nominal thickness, mass
pressures of pipes per metre length and hydraulic test pressure
for steel pipes
9.1 Outside diameters and thicknesses shall be
selected from Table 1 of BS 3600:1976. The Outside Minimum Mass per Hydraulic
diameter nominal metre length test pressure
thicknesses selected shall be not less than the
thickness (plain end) (steel 430)
minimum nominal thicknesses given in Table 1.
NOTE It is essential that outside diameters and thicknesses mm mm kg bara
are stated in the enquiry and order (see item c) of Appendix A).
355.6 4.5 39.0 56
9.2 Pipes ordered for cutting into closing lengths at

Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

406.4 4.5 44.6 49
site shall be supplied sized throughout their lengths
to the same dimensions as the spigot ends. 457 5.0 55.7 48
NOTE It is essential that when pipes are required for cutting 508 5.0 62.0 43
into closing lengths at site this is stated in the enquiry and order
(see item d) of Appendix A).
559 6.3 85.9 50
610 6.3 93.8 45
10 Length 660 6.3 102 42
Pipes shall be supplied in either: 711 6.3 109 39
a) random lengths; or 762 6.3 117 36
b) cut lengths. 813 7.1 141 38
Where cut length is specified, the maximum 864 7.1 150 36
variation in length shall be + 6, – 0 mm for lengths 914 7.1 159 34
up to and including 6 m. For every 3 m increase in
length above 6 m, the plus tolerance shall increase 1 016 7.1 177 31
by 1.5 mm to a maximum of 12.5 mm. 1 219 8.0 239 29
NOTE It is essential that the enquiry and order states whether 1 422 8.8 307 27
random lengths or cut lengths are required
(see item e) of Appendix A) together with the following 1 626 10.0 399 27
information: 1 829 11.0 493 26
a) for random lengths, the length range required and the total
quantity in metres (see item f) of Appendix A); 2 032 12.5 623 27
b) for cut lengths, the exact length and the total number of 2 235 14.2 778 28
lengths required (see item g) of Appendix A).
NOTE 1 The nominal thicknesses given in this table are the
Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser random
minimum considered suitable for general use under normal
lengths will be supplied. conditions (see 9.1).
Table 1 — Minimum nominal thickness, mass NOTE 2 Seamless pipes are available in sizes up
to 508 mm o.d.
per metre length and hydraulic test pressure
NOTE 3 The calculated masses per unit length have been
for steel pipes based on BS 3600 and apply to pipes with plain ends or ends
bevelled for butt welding, and are included for information only.
Outside Minimum Mass per Hydraulic
nominal metre length test Allowance should be made for other end conditions depending
diameter
thickness (plain end) pressure on the type of joint.
(steel 430) NOTE 4 Where pipes are protected, it is essential that
allowance is made for the mass of the protection.
mm mm kg bara NOTE 5 The hydrostatic test pressures are works inspection
60.3 2.9 4.11 70 test pressures in accordance with BS 3601. They are not
intended as a basis for pipeline design and do not necessarily
76.1 3.2 5.75 70 have any direct relationship to working pressures; they are
included for information only.
88.9 3.2 6.76 70
a
1 bar = 105 N/m2 = 100 kPa.
114.3 3.6 9.83 70 b
The use of these sizes should be avoided whenever possible.
139.7 3.6 12.1 70
168.3 3.6 14.6 70
193.7b 4.0 18.7 70
219.1 4.0 21.2 70
244.5b 4.0 23.7 70
273 4.0 26.5 64
323.9 4.0 31.6 54

4 © BSI 02-1999
 BS 534:1990

Section 3. Joints

11 Types of joints 13.3 Type 2 joints

The pipe ends shall be prepared, as appropriate, for For type 2 joints (see Figure 2) the pipes shall be
one of the following types of joints: supplied with the spigot end and the sleeve end
parallel. The collar forming the sleeve shall be
a) butt-welded joints;
fabricated with not more than one longitudinal weld
b) sleeve joints for welding; and shall be welded externally and internally to the
c) slip-on type couplings; sleeve pipe. The minimum sleeve length shall be
d) flange joints; (150 + 2t) mm, where t is the thickness of the sleeve,
to ensure an adequate space between the spigot end
e) screwed and coupled joints.
and the internal collar weld to effect the inside joint
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

NOTE 1 Other types of joints made to proprietary designs are weld, if required.
available but are not covered by this standard.
NOTE 2 It is essential that the type of joint is stated in the The sleeve shall be sized to ensure that the spigot
enquiry and order (see item h) of Appendix A). will enter the sleeve freely and be engaged by the
NOTE 3 Illustrations showing the basic design principle for the socket when fully home.
more common types of joints appropriate to this standard are
given in Figure 1 to Figure 4. The actual details of the joints may 13.4 Type 3 joints
differ from one manufacturer to another.
For type 3 joints (see Figure 2) the pipe shall be
12 Butt-welded joints supplied with the contact surfaces of the spigot end
and sleeve end formed to the same spherical radius.
12.1 End preparation The spherical radius shall be not less than half the
Pipes of thickness less than 5.0 mm shall be cut outside diameter of the pipe. When fitted together
square. the mean penetration of each spigot into the sleeve
NOTE 1 Pipes of thickness 5.0 mm and greater will be supplied shall be not less than four times the pipe thickness
with ends bevelled, as shown in Figure 1, unless otherwise (see note 4).
specified in the enquiry and order.
NOTE 1 The joints shown in Figure 2 may differ in detail from
NOTE 2 If a butt-welded end preparation, other than that one manufacturer to another provided the dimensions identified
shown in Figure 1, is required the details should be stated in the are maintained.
enquiry and order (see item d) of Appendix B).
Table 2 — End tolerances
12.2 End tolerances
Outside diameter Tolerance
The tolerance on the outside diameter for a distance
of 100 mm from the end of the pipe shall be as given mm mm
in Table 2. For pipes of 508 mm to 2 235 mm o.d., 60.3 to 273 + 1.6
the tolerance shall be checked by measuring the – 0.4
circumference.
323.9 to 2 235 + 2.4
NOTE In general, butt-welded joints are not suitable for lined
pipes in sizes 610 mm o.d. and smaller. Where these sizes are – 0.8
required to be lined, consideration should be given to mechanical
joints or other forms of joints designed to avoid damage to the
lining.

13 Sleeve joints for welding

13.1 General
Sleeve joints for welding shall comply with 13.2
or 13.3 or 13.4.
13.2 Type 1 joints
For type 1 joints (see Figure 2) the pipes shall be
supplied with spigot end parallel and sleeve end
either parallel or with the diameter tapered to
approximately 0.8 mm per 25 mm length of sleeve.
The minimum length of sleeve shall be 75 mm.
The sleeve shall be sized to ensure that the spigot
will enter the sleeve freely and be engaged by the Figure 1 — Butt-welded joint preparation
socket when fully home.
NOTE 2 On sizes smaller than 711 mm o.d., the joint should be
welded on the outside only. On sizes 711 mm o.d. and larger,
welding may be either inside, or outside, or both inside and
outside.

© BSI 02-1999 5
BS 534:1990

NOTE 3 In general, sleeve welded joints are not suitable for 14 Slip-on type couplings
lined pipes in sizes 610 mm o.d. and smaller. Where these sizes
are required to be lined, consideration should be given to 14.1 Slip-on type couplings for use with plain end
mechanical joints or other forms of joints designed to avoid pipe shall be of the general form shown in Figure 3.
damage to the lining.
NOTE 4 These types of sleeve joint may be used to 14.2 The lengths of the coupling sleeves shall be as
accommodate small changes in pipe line direction provided the given in Table 3.
spigot and the sleeve are engaged around the whole
circumference and the mean penetrated is not less than four NOTE The details of the joints shown in Figure 3 may differ
times the pipe thickness. from one manufacturer to another provided the dimensions
identified are maintained.
13.5 Individual sleeve joints
14.3 The pipe ends for length L shall be within the

Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

When individual sleeve joints are required to be tolerances on outside diameter as specified in
pressure tested after welding, each sleeve shall be Table 4 when checked by measuring the
provided with a nominal size ¼ tapped hole circumference and shall permit the passage of a ring
complying with BS 21 fitted with a matching plug. gauge which has a bore 1.6 mm larger than the
The tapped holes shall be within the end 30 mm of maximum permissible diameter of the pipe.
the sleeves and be clear of any possible shop or field 14.4 Surface irregularities such as peaks, flats or
welding runs. depressions shall blend smoothly into the surface of
NOTE The purchaser should state any requirements for the pipe and their height or depth shall not
pressure testing of sleeved joints on the enquiry and order
(see item e) of Appendix B).
exceed 0.25 mm.
13.6 Sleeve welded joints Table 3 — Lengths of slip-on type coupling
sleeves
13.6.1 For type 1 joints the pipes shall be supplied
with spigot end parallel and sleeve end either Pipe size o.d. Sleeve length
parallel or tapered to approximately 0.8 mm on s
diameter per 25 mm length of sleeve. The minimum mm mm
length of sleeve shall be 75 mm (see Figure 2).
60.3 80 
The sleeve shall be sized to ensure that the spigot 
will enter the sleeve freely and be engaged by the 76.1 to 323.9 100 
socket when fully home.  Tolerance on
355.6 to 914 150  sleeve length
13.6.2 For type 2 joints the pipes shall be supplied 1 016 to 1 829 178 
 ± 3 mm
with the spigot end and sleeve end parallel. The 2 032 and 2 235 254 
collar forming the sleeve shall be fabricated with not 
more than one longitudinal weld and shall be
welded externally and internally to the sleeve pipe NOTE 1 Other sleeve lengths may be used for special service
conditions but are not covered by this standard.
(see Figure 2). The minimum sleeve length shall NOTE 2 Coupling sleeves with a form of centre register may
be (150 + 2t) mm, where t is the thickness of the be specified by the purchaser.
sleeve, to ensure an adequate space between the
spigot end and the internal collar weld to effect the Table 4 — Tolerances on outside diameter on
inside joint weld if required. length L
The sleeve shall be sized to ensure that the spigot Pipe size o.d. Tolerance on o.d. for
will enter the sleeve freely and be engaged by the length L
socket when fully home. mm mm
13.6.3 For type 3 joints the pipes shall be supplied 60.3 to 114.3 ± 0.8 for 100
with the contact surfaces of the spigot end and
139.7 to 323.9 + 1.6, – 0.8 for 100
sleeve end formed to the same spherical radius. The
spherical radius shall be not less than half the 355.6 to 1 219 ± 1.6 for 150
outside diameter of the barrel of the pipe. When 1 422 + 1.6, – 3 for 150
fitted together the penetration of each spigot into 1 626 to 1 829 ± 3 for 150
the sleeve shall be not less than four times the pipe
2 032 to 2 235 ± 3 for 200
thickness.

6 © BSI 02-1999
 Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

© BSI 02-1999
Figure 2 — Sleeve welded joints

7
BS 534:1990
BS 534:1990

14.5 Pipes ordered for cutting and subsequent Table 5 — Coupler recess dimensions: taper
jointing on site shall be supplied to the tolerances threading to BS 21
specified in Table 4 throughout their length. Pipe size o.d. Diameter

15 Flange joints A B

15.1 Flange joints shall have flanges in accordance mm mm mm

with BS 10, BS 4504-3.1 or BS 1560-3.1, as 60.3 60 30
appropriate to the design conditions. 76.1 75 35
NOTE It is essential that the type of flange required is stated in

Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

the enquiry and order (see item i) in Appendix A). 88.9 9O 35
15.2 Where pipes are supplied with flanges welded 114.3 115 40
on, the welding shall be carried out in accordance 139.7 140 40
with BS 2633 or BS 2971.

16 Threaded and coupled joints

Where bitumen lined pipes are required with
threaded and coupled joints, the thread for sizes up
to 139.7 mm o.d. shall be in accordance with BS 21
but shall have a taper thread on both the pipe and
the coupling. Sizes 168.3 mm o.d. to 323.9 mm o.d.
shall be threaded in accordance with API2)
standard 5B. The couplers shall be recessed in the
centre to take the lining
(see Figure 4). The dimensions of the recess for pipe Figure 3 — Slip-on type couplings
of 60.3 mm o.d. to 139.7 mm o.d. shall be as given
in Table 5 and for pipes of 168.3 mm o.d. Table 6 — Coupler recess dimensions: taper
to 323.9 mm o.d. the dimensions of the recess shall threading to API standard 5B
be as given in Table 6.
Pipe size o.d. Diameter

A B

mm mm mm

168.3 170 35
219.1 220 35
273 275 40
323.9 325 40

Figure 4 — Threaded and coupled joints recessed for bitumen lining

2)
American Petroleum Institute.

8 © BSI 02-1999
 BS 534:1990

Section 4. Specials

17 Fabrication 20 Even curvature manipulated bends

Where specials are fabricated by welding, the 20.1 The dimensions of even curvature bends
preparation and welding shall be carried out in formed by manipulation for pipes of 60.3 mm
accordance with BS 2633 or BS 2971. The ends of to 323.9 mm o.d. shall be as given in Table 7
specials shall be prepared to match those of the (see Figure 5 and Figure 6).
pipes to which they are to be joined. NOTE 1 The minimum thicknesses shown are those
appropriate to bends of the radii specified.
18 Testing NOTE 2 Bends are commonly specified in sizes
of 11 1/4 ° , 22 1/2 °, 45 ° and 90 ° but they may be of any angle as
Specials shall be manipulated or fabricated by required by the purchaser.
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

welding from pipes which have been hydraulically 20.2 The bending radius R for sizes
tested before coating, in accordance with BS 3601. over 323.9 mm o.d. up to 610 mm o.d. shall be not
All welds which have not previously been less than five times the outside diameter of the pipe.
hydrostatically tested shall be tested before coating 20.3 The lengths of straight S specified in Table 7
by the application of a non-destructive test to ensure shall be the minima applicable to bends with slip-on
equivalent leak-tightness. type couplings and bends prepared for butt welding.
NOTE 1 Acceptable leak-tightness test procedures are dye The lengths of straight S may be modified to suit
penetrant, oil, magnetic particle, ultrasonic, eddy current and
radiography.
other types of joint but shall be not less
than 1.5 times the nominal pipe size.
Specials shall be capable of withstanding a
NOTE For sleeve joints and the like, the joint length is
hydraulic test pressure of one-and-a-haft times the additional to the length of straight specified.
maximum working pressure.
20.4 When bitumen lining is required on sizes
NOTE 2 It is essential that the maximum working pressure is
stated in the enquiry and order (see item l) of Appendix A).
over 168.3 mm o.d., the tube length in the bend
NOTE 3 The purchaser should state in the enquiry and order shall be reduced to 1 800 mm or gusseted.
whether a hydraulic test is required prior to delivery
(see item h) of Appendix B).

19 Tolerances
The tolerances on specials shall be as follows.
a) Bends
1) Tolerance on angle between the end faces
shall be ± 1°. The end faces shall be at right
angles to the axis of the bend.
2) Tolerance on leg length, for gusseted bends
only, i.e. L1 in Figure 7; L2 in Figure 8; L3
in Figure 9, shall be:
Figure 5 — Even curvature bend of 90°
i) for pipe diameters not
exceeding 219.1 mm o.d.: ± 35 mm
ii) for pipe diameters
over 219.1 mm o.d.: ± 70 mm.
3) Where fixed leg length is specified, the
tolerance on leg length shall be ± 6 mm.
b) Tees
1) Tolerance on angle of branch relative to axis
of barrel shall be ± 1°.
Barrel and branch end faces shall be at right
angles to axis of barrel and branch
respectively.
Figure 6 — Even curvature bend less than 90°
2) Tolerance on dimensions C, D, E and F
(see Figure 10, Figure 11 and Figure 12) shall
be ± 6 mm.
NOTE The above tolerances for a) and b) are suitable for
general pipeline work but closer tolerances may be necessary for
particular applications.

© BSI 02-1999 9
BS 534:1990

Table 7 — Dimensions of even curvature NOTE The inside diameters of collars should be not greater
bends: sizes 60.3 mm to 323.9 mm o.d. than 6 mm above the pipe outside diameter to facilitate effective
welding.
inclusive
23.3 Collars shall be at least equal in thickness to
Pipe Bend the adjoining pipes. The minimum length of collars
Outside Minimum R S min. shall be 250 mm.
diameter thickness

mm mm mm mm

60.3 3.6 250 150

Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

76.1 3.6 325 150
88.9 4.0 400 150
114.3 4.5 500 150
139.7 4.5 625 190
168.3 4.5 750 225 Figure 7 — Gusseted bend type 1, not
193.7a 5.0 875 265 more than 30°
219.1 5.0 1 000 300
244.5a 5.9 1 125 340
273 5.9 1 250 375
323.9 7.1 1 500 450
a
The use of these sizes should be avoided whenever possible.

21 Gusseted bends
Dimensions of normal gusseted bends shall be as
given in Table 8 (see Figure 7, Figure 8 and
Figure 9). Figure 8 — Gusseted bend type 2, over 30°
up to 60°
NOTE 1 Bends with different dimensions may be required,
e.g. where pipelines require to be brushed or pigged or where
anchor blocks are necessary; these are deemed to comply with the
requirements of this standard providing they meet all other
requirements. In such cases, the details should be specified by
the purchaser (see item i) of Appendix B).
NOTE 2 When special bends are required the details should be
specified by the purchaser in the enquiry and order
(see item i) of Appendix B).

22 Tees
Dimensions of normal tees shall be as given in
Table 9 (see Figure 10, Figure 11 and Figure 12).
NOTE 1 Tees with different leg length dimensions may be
required, e.g. where anchor blocks are necessary; these are Figure 9 — Gusseted bend type 3, over 60°
deemed to comply providing that they meet all other up to 90°
requirements. In such cases the details should be specified by the
purchaser (see item j) of Appendix B).
NOTE 2 When tees with special dimensions are required, the
details should be specified by the purchaser in the enquiry and
order (see item j) of Appendix B).
NOTE 3 Figure 12 applies to tees as shown in Figure 10
and Figure 11 but with flanged branch. Where tees are flanged
on the barrel, the centre to face dimension C applies.

23 Welding collars
23.1 Welding collars for use with cut pipes shall be
as shown in Figure 13.
23.2 The inside diameters of the collars shall be
such that they can be fitted over a cut pipe.

10 © BSI 02-1999
 BS 534:1990

Table 8 — Dimensions of gusseted bends: pipe sizes 114.3 mm to 2 235 mm o.d. inclusive
Pipe size Type 1 Type 2 Type 3
o.d. Not more Over 30° to 45° Over 45° to 60° Over 60° to 90°
than 30°
L1 R L2 R L2 R L3
mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
114.3 175 150 200 150 250 150 300
139.7 200 200 250 200 250 200 350
168.3 225 225 300 225 300 225 400
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

193.7a 275 275 300 275 300 275 400

219.1 300 300 350 300 400 300 500

244.5a 300 350 350 350 400 350 550
273 375 375 450 375 500 375 650
323.9 375 450 450 450 500 450 700

355.6 450 525 550 525 600 525 800

406.4 450 600 600 600 600 600 850
457 450 675 600 450 600 450 850
508 450 750 600 500 600 500 850

559 450 825 650 550 600 550 850

610 550 900 750 600 750 600 1 000
660 550 975 750 650 750 650 1 000
711 550 1 050 800 700 750 700 1 100

762 600 1 125 850 750 850 750 1 100

813 600 1 200 850 800 850 800 1 200
864 600 1 275 850 850 850 850 1 200
914 600 1 350 900 900 900 900 1 300

1 016 750 1 500 1 100 1 000 1 100 1 000 1 500

1 219 850 1 800 1 200 1 200 1 200 1 200 1 700
1 422 850 2 100 1 300 1 400 1 300 1 400 1 900
1 626 900 2 400 1 400 1 600 1 400 1 600 2 100

1 829 900 2 700 1 500 1 800 1 500 1 800 2 200

2 032 1 000 3 000 1 600 2 000 1 600 2 000 2 500
2 235 1 000 3 300 1 700 2 200 1 700 2 200 2 600
a
The use of these sizes should be avoided whenever possible.

Figure 10 — Plain end tee for slip-on type Figure 11 — Sleeve joint tee for welding
coupling and butt-welded joint

© BSI 02-1999 11
BS 534:1990

Table 9 — Dimensions of tees: pipe sizes 60.3 mm to 2 235 mm o.d. inclusive

Barrel Branch

Outside diameter C Outside diameter D E F

A B
0.5A plus

mm mm mm mm mm mm

60.3 240 60.3 200 100 100

76.1 240 76.1 200 100 100

Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

88.9 250 88.9 200 100 110
114.3 270 114.3 200 100 130
139.7 280 139.7 200 110 140
168.3 290 168.3 200 110 140
193.7 a 300 193.7 a 200 110 150
219.1 370 219.1 250 110 150
244.5a 380 224.5a 250 130 160
273 410 273 250 130 160
323.9 450 323.9 250 130 180
355.6 530 355.6 300 150 200
406.4 600 406.4 300 150 230
457 to 711 1.5B but with a 457 to 711 300 230 300
762 to 914 minimum of 0.5A 762 to 914 380 300 300
1 016 to 2 235 1 016 to 2 235 380 380 380
NOTE 1 Dimensions C, D, E and F should be rounded to the nearest 10 mm.
NOTE 2 The effective length of the barrel of tees with sleeve joint for welding equals 2C.
NOTE 3 Any branch of equal or smaller diameter may be matched with any barrel size.
a The use of these sizes should be avoided whenever possible.

Figure 12 — Tee with flanged branch

Figure 13 — Welding collar

12 © BSI 02-1999
 BS 534:1990

Section 5. Protection against corrosion

NOTE 1 This section specifies methods of protecting pipes and 26 External protection
specials against corrosion. It covers external protection by
bitumen, coal tar based and plastics materials, and internal 26.1 Priming
protection by bitumen, concrete and cement mortar.
NOTE 2 This section will be replaced in due course by separate Before the application of bitumen or coal tar
British Standards covering protection which will incorporate external protection, pipes and specials shall be
other types of protective coating materials. primed with a compatible priming coat. Materials
NOTE 3 It is permissible for other surface protection systems to
be applied in which cases it is necessary for an agreement
and methods complying with BS 4147 or BS 4164
between the purchaser and the manufacturer to be reached. shall be used as appropriate.
However, such systems do not form part of this standard.
26.2 Bitumen sheathing
NOTE 4 It is essential that whether the pipes and specials are
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

to be protected against corrosion, whether the protection is to be The materials shall consist of natural or blown
external, internal or both, and the type or types of protection petroleum bitumen mixed with an inert filler,
required are stated in the enquiry and order
(see item k) of Appendix A). i.e. type 2 or type 3 in accordance with BS 4147. The
NOTE 5 It is essential that where pipes are for use in or to be pipes and specials shall be covered with a layer of
transported through an extreme climate, this is stated in the sheathing material, applied as a hot coating or
enquiry and order (see item m) of Appendix A) and the mastic to provide a seamless, consolidated and
manufacturer should take this into account in the choice of
material. smooth layer having a minimum thickness as given
in Table 10.
24 Surface preparation 26.3 Reinforced bitumen sheathing
24.1 General Reinforced sheathing shall be bitumen complying
The surfaces to be protected shall be clean and free with 26.2 with the addition of an overlapping spiral
from scale, loose rust, oil, grease or other foreign wrapping of woven glass cloth firmly embedded into
matter. Surface preparations for other than cement the sheathing.
mortar or concrete linings shall be effected by one of 26.4 Bitumen enamel wrapping (filled bitumen
the following methods: with glass tissue)
a) acid pickling; The pipes shall be covered with a layer of bitumen
b) abrasive, mechanical or flame descaling. containing a mineral filler applied hot, i.e. type 2 in
24.2 Acid pickling accordance with BS 4147, and an inner wrapping of
glass tissue and an outer wrapping of bitumen
Where surface preparation is by acid pickling, the impregnated reinforced glass tissue, the inner
pipes and specials shall be immersed in an acid wrapping being embedded in the bitumen. For pipes
solution until all the scale has been removed, the glass tissue wrappings shall be wound spirally
washed in clean water and the surface suitably with an overlap. For specials the glass tissue
inhibited. wrapping shall be wound spirally or
24.3 Abrasive descaling circumferentially with an overlap. There shall be
not less than 1 mm of enamel between the pipe
Where surface preparation is by abrasive descaling,
surface and the inner wrapping and also between
the surface finish shall be at least to second quality
the inner and outer wrapping. The protection shall
in accordance with BS 4232.
have a minimum thickness of 3 mm.
NOTE If a first quality surface finish is required, this should be
specified by the purchaser and the manufacturer 26.5 Reinforced bitumen enamel wrapping
(see item l) of Appendix B).
Reinforced wrapping shall be bitumen enamel
25 Coatings and linings wrapping complying with 26.4 except that the outer
wrapping shall be of composite glass fibre fabric.
25.1 Bitumen
Table 10 — Thickness of bitumen sheathing
Coatings are applied hot or cold and, where bitumen material
coatings are applied by dipping, the pipes and
Pipe outside diameter Minimum
specials shall be immersed in a bath of molten thickness
bitumen until they attain the temperature of the
mm mm
bath. They shall be drained after the removal from
the bath and, where necessary for the purposes of 88.9 to 168.3 3
jointing, any excess coating shall be removed from 193.7 to 323.9 4.5
the ends. Where coatings are applied by spray or
355.6 to 2 235 6
brush, the application shall be such as to provide a
smooth continuous coating.
NOTE These bitumen coatings may not be suitable for
extended service.

© BSI 02-1999 13
BS 534:1990

26.6 Coal tar enamel wrapping (filled coal tar Table 11 — Thickness of polyethylene
with glass tissue) Outside diameter of pipe Polyethylene
The pipes and specials shall be covered with a layer thickness
of type 2 filled coal tar in accordance with BS 4164 mm mm
and an inner wrapping of glass tissue and an outer
wrapping of coal tar impregnated reinforced glass 60.3 0.6
tissue, the inner wrapping being embedded in the 76.1 to 114.3 0.9
coal tar. For pipes the glass tissue wrappings shall 139.7 to 457 1.3
be wound spirally on the pipe with an overlap. For

Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

specials the glass tissue wrapping shall be wound 27.3 Bitumen lining of specials
spirally or circumferentially with an overlap. There The lining material and the finished lining shall
shall be not less than 1 mm of enamel between the comply with the corresponding requirements of
pipe surface and the inner wrapping and also clause 27.2 for straight pipes.
between the inner and outer wrappings. The NOTE In view of the variety of methods adopted for the lining
protection shall have a minimum thickness of specials, this standard does not specify the procedure to be
of 3 mm. followed.

26.7 Non-stick and reflective finish

28 Tests on applied external and
For bitumen or coal tar coated pipes a non-stick and internal protections
reflective coating shall be applied to the finished
external protection. 28.1 “Holiday” test
26.8 Plastics cladding All pipes shall be checked for continuity of the
applied protection in accordance with Appendix C
Pipes shall be covered with an even layer of hot melt using a “Holiday” detection unit. Discontinuities
adhesive undercoat with a minimum thickness and pinholes indicated by the test shall be made
of 0.1 mm. The undercoat shall consist of a good.
non-setting, pressure sensitive adhesive based on a
blend of elastomer resin and fluxing oil. 28.2 Adhesion test
Immediately after the application of this undercoat, When an adhesion test is carried out it shall
a seamless sheath of medium/high density comprise one of the following methods. The
polyethylene shall be continuously applied and manufacturer shall select the first test method.
shrunk on to the pipe to provide a smooth outer a) The ring test. A ring 75 mm wide shall be cut
sheath, free from pin holes and cracks. The cold from one end of finished pipes. The ring shall
thickness of the polyethylene shall be in accordance be flattened at a temperature between 10 °C
with Table 11. and 20 °C to 50 % of the original diameter. The
The minimum thickness of polyethylene shall be the lining and/or coating shall not part from the
thickness as given in Table 11 minus 12.5 %. metal under this test.
b) The strip test. Using a tool with a thin sharp
27 Internal protection blade, two cuts approximately 50 mm apart shall
27.1 Priming be made through the protection to the metal pipe.
Sudden impact which would cause untimely
Before internal bitumen protection is applied, pipes
separation shall be avoided. The blade shall be
and specials shall be primed with a compatible
priming coat. Materials and methods complying worked under the protection and an attempt
with BS 4147 shall be used. made to peel it from the metal. The adhesion
shall be considered satisfactory if removal of the
27.2 Bitumen lining of pipes protection causes cohesive failure and the
27.2.1 The materials shall consist of a uniform protection does not peel cleanly from the primer
blend of natural or blown bitumen mixed with an or the pipe surface.
inert filler to produce a homogeneous composition of The tests shall be performed when the protection
type 2 in accordance with BS 4147. has been allowed to cure at a temperature not less
27.2.2 The lining material, in a hot fluid condition, than 10 °C or more than 35 °C for a minimum
shall be applied centrifugally to straight lengths of of 48 h after application.
pipe to give a smooth continuous lining, having a
minimum thickness as given in Table 12.

14 © BSI 02-1999
 BS 534:1990

Table 12 — Thickness of bitumen lining 29.1.5 The pipe shall be charged in a single
material operation and spun at a suitable speed to achieve a
Outside diameter of pipe Minimum
minimum rate of radial acceleration
thickness of 250 m/s2 (25 gn) until the uniform thickness of
concrete lining given in Table 13 has been attained
mm mm
over the whole of the inner surface with the
60.3 to 323.9 1.5 exception of stop backs for jointing.
355.6 to 610 3 The spinning of the pipe shall continue until surplus
660 to 914 4.5 water has been dispersed and the greatest possible
density of lining obtained. Any damage caused to
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

1 016 to 2 235 6
the lining by the removal of the end rings shall
NOTE When an adhesion test is required, this should be stated immediately be made good by hand before the lining
by the purchaser in the enquiry and order is set. No more than 1 h shall elapse between the
(see item m) of Appendix B). removal of the lined pipe from the lining machine
28.3 Repairs and the commencement of the approved curing
Any defective coatings and linings shall be made procedure.
good using compatible materials. 29.1.6 After being lined, the pipes shall be marked
with the date of lining and stored undisturbed
29 Concrete lining and cement mortar for 21 days for maturing, during which time they
lining of pipes shall be protected from frost. Means shall be
employed to prevent the lining from drying too
29.1 Concrete lining rapidly, particularly during the 48 h period after
29.1.1 The lining shall be concrete made from the lining operation. The lining shall be kept damp
Portland cement complying with BS 12 or from by spraying with water or by other means, e.g. by
sulphate-resisting Portland cement complying with closing the pipe with end caps until curing is
BS 4027 and fine aggregate complying with Table 5 complete.
of BS 882:1983, grading zones 1, 2 or 3, except that 29.1.7 The surface of the lining shall be smooth and
the maximum size of aggregate shall not exceed free from irregularities.
one-third the thickness of the lining.
Fine surface crazing, hair cracks, or cracks up
NOTE 1 Unless the purchaser states in the enquiry and order
his requirement for sulphate-resisting Portland cement
to 0.25 mm in width in saturated linings and not
(see item n) of Appendix B), the manufacturer has the option of over 300 mm in length shall not be a cause for
supplying pipes lined with either Portland cement or rejection.
sulphate-resisting Portland cement.
NOTE 2 The use of additives or any other admixture is not Cracks over 0.25 mm in width in saturated linings,
covered by this standard. Such use is not permitted unless and cracks over 300 mm in length or other defective
specifically agreed in detail with the purchaser. linings shall be made good using compatible
3 materials.
The minimum cement content shall be 330 kg/m
and the maximum water:cement ratio shall not 29.1.8 No pipe shall be despatched until at
exceed 0.46 : 1. least 21 days have elapsed since the date of lining.
29.1.2 The water used in the preparation of the Table 13 — Thickness of concrete lining
concrete shall be neither deleterious to concrete nor
Outside diameter of pipe or Minimum Tolerance
deleterious to the water that the pipe is eventually special thicknessa
intended to convey. (See clause 6.) of concrete
29.1.3 The concrete lining in contact with potable mm mm mm
water shall not discolour the water, impart any
objectionable taste or odour or release any toxic Up to and including 168.3 6 + 3, – 0
substances into the water or support any microbial 193.7 to 323.9 10 + 3, – 0
growth. (See clause 6.) 355.6 to 610 13 + 3, – 0
29.1.4 The concrete shall give, upon testing, the 660 to 1 219 19 + 6, – 0
compressive strength and density specified in 29.5.
1 422 to 2 235 25 + 6, – 0
a
Thicker linings may be specified.

© BSI 02-1999 15
BS 534:1990

29.2 Concrete lining of specials The spray operation shall be such that a continuous
29.2.1 When it is practicable to do so, specials shall feed of freshly mixed mortar shall be evenly applied
be made from cut lengths of mature lined straight to the whole bore of the pipe in a single pass in one
pipes. continuous operation. Where smoothing by rotating
is utilized, the duration and speed of rotation shall
NOTE See 28.2.3 for situations where it is impracticable to do
so. be kept to a minimum to prevent separation of the
constituents of the mortar.
The lining shall be cut back from the end or ends to
be bevelled and welded, for a sufficient distance to NOTE Vibration can be applied to further shorten the duration
of rotation.
ensure that any of the concrete which is intended to

Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

remain as part of the lining shall not suffer damage 29.3.5 The curing process shall comply with 29.1.6.
by the cutting or welding process. The lining shall be 29.3.6 The surface of the lining shall be smooth and
made good by rendering by hand. free from irregularities.
29.2.2 Hand rendering of specials shall consist of Fine surface crazing, hair cracks or cracks up
freshly mixed concrete of a mixture equivalent to to 0.25 mm wide in saturated linings and not
that of the lining being repaired, and shall be over 300 mm in length shall not be a cause for
thoroughly compacted and finished to a smooth rejection.
surface of the correct form. Cracks over 0.25 mm in width in saturated linings,
29.2.3 Specials other than those made from cut cracks over 300 mm in length or other defective
lengths of mature lined straight pipes shall be lined linings shall be made good using compatible
by hand rendering as specified in 30.2.2. The materials.
rendering of specials of 323.9 mm o.d. and above 29.3.7 Formed ends of linings, when specified by the
shall be reinforced with expanded metal or purchaser in the enquiry and order, shall be made
equivalent, securely attached to the inner surface. after the spraying and smoothing processes unless
29.2.4 Curing shall comply with 29.1.6. formed by the insertion of removable formers or end
29.3 Centrifugally applied cement mortar rings.
lining 29.3.8 Lining thicknesses shall be not less than the
minimum thicknesses given in Table 14.
29.3.1 The lining shall be cement mortar made from
Portland cement complying with BS 12 or from 29.3.9 Hand finishing of the end of the bore of the
sulphate-resisting Portland cement complying with pipe, for not more than 100 mm, shall be permitted
BS 4027 and specially graded washed silica sand to rectify the thinning of linings.
complying with grading zone 4 in Table 5 of 29.3.10 Fittings and specials shall be centrifugally
BS 882:1983. spray lined to the same requirements as straight
NOTE 1 Unless the purchaser states in the enquiry and order pipes or, if this is precluded by their shape, be hand
his requirement for sulphate-resisting Portland cement finished and cured so as to achieve comparable
(see item n) of Appendix B), the manufacturer has the option of results.
supplying pipes lined with either Portland cement or
sulphate-resisting Portland cement. 29.4 Spun cement mortar lining
NOTE 2 The use of additives or any other admixture is not
covered by this standard. Such use is not permitted unless The lining materials, thicknesses and tests shall
specifically agreed in detail with the purchaser. comply with the requirements for centrifugally
The cement mortar shall have a minimum cement content applied cement mortar lining as specified in 29.3.
of 1 000 kg/m3 and a water:cement ratio of between 0.30 : 1 The method of application and the curing of the
and 0.45 : 1 by mass.
linings shall comply with the requirements for spun
29.3.2 The water for mixing shall comply concrete linings as specified in 29.1.
with 29.1.2. (See clause 6.)
29.5 Tests on concrete and cement mortar
29.3.3 The lining in contact with potable water shall
used for lining
comply with the requirements of 29.1.3.
(See clause 6.) Test blocks of the same material as used for the pipe
29.3.4 The cement mortar lining shall be carried out lining shall be made in 100 mm or 150 mm cube
moulds and subjected to cube crushing tests. Each
by one of the following methods.
block shall be removed from its mould as soon as
a) Centrifugally spraying and subsequent practicable and cured under conditions of
rotation to achieve smoothing. temperature and humidity identical with those in
b) Centrifugally spraying and simultaneously which the lining of the pipe is cured.
smoothing by trowelling.

16 © BSI 02-1999
 BS 534:1990

Table 14 — Thickness of cement mortar lining 31 Completion of protections at joints

Outside diameter of pipe Minimum Tolerance 31.1 External protection
or special thicknessa
of cement When material is supplied to make good the joints,
mortar or to repair minor damage of sheathed or wrapped
mm mm mm pipes and specials, the material supplied shall be
compatible with the factory coating.
Up to and including 6 + 2, – 0
323.9 NOTE The purchaser should state in the enquiry and order his
requirement for material to be supplied
355.6 to 610 7 + 2, – 0 (see item p) of Appendix B). A sufficient quantity of primer,
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

bitumen based or coal tar based composition, and glass tissue

660 to 1 219 9 + 2, – 0 cloth where appropriate, should be supplied with each
1 422 to 2 235 12 + 3, – 0 consignment to cover the joints after laying and to repair minor
damage.
a
Thicker linings may be specified. 31.2 Internal protection
The cube strength of the test cube shall be not less When material is supplied to make good the joints,
than 31 N/mm2 after 28 days of curing or 17 N/mm2 or to repair minor damage of bitumen lined pipes or
after 7 days of curing. The density of the test cube specials, the material supplied shall be compatible
shall be not less than 2 300 kg/m3 in the case of with the factory coating.
concrete and 2 100 kg/m3 in the case of cement NOTE The purchaser should state in the enquiry and order his
mortar. requirement for material to be supplied
(see item p) of Appendix B). A sufficient quantity of lining
material should be supplied with each consignment to ensure
30 Stop back of protection at ends continuity of the internal protection at joints and to repair minor
damage.
30.1 Pipes and specials supplied with concrete or
cement mortar linings which are to be joined 32 Protection of coated and lined pipes
together by internal welding shall have the lining
stopped back at the ends a distance sufficient to
against damage in storage, transport
permit welding of the joints without damage to the and handling
lining. 32.1 Coated pipes and specials shall be protected
30.2 Pipes and specials supplied with bitumen, coal against damage in storage, transport and handling,
tar or plastic coatings and linings shall have the e.g. by using straw or wood wool pads.
external protection stopped back a distance 32.2 The ends of all lined pipes and specials shall be
sufficient to permit assembly of the joint. The sealed to exclude foreign matter during transit and
internal protection shall extend to the pipe end. storage.
Pipes and specials to be joined together by welding NOTE Suitable protection may be in the form of plugs, discs or
shall have the external and internal protection plastic sheeting.
stopped back at the ends as follows.
a) Butt welded joints. 75 mm from the ends of the
pipes to be welded.
b) Sleeve welded joints. For sleeve and spigot
sleeve length plus 75 mm.
In all cases, priming shall extend to the ends of the
pipes.

© BSI 02-1999 17
BS 534:1990

Appendix A Essential information to g) Variation from steel specified in this standard

be supplied by the purchaser in the for nozzles and branches (see 5.2).
enquiry and order h) Whether hydraulic testing of specials is
required at the manufacturer’s works
The purchaser should supply the following
(see clause 18).
information in the enquiry and order.
i) Details of variations of gussetted bends from
a) The number of this British Standard, tabulated values (see clause 21).
i.e. BS 534.
j) Details of variations of dimensions for tees
b) The method of manufacture of the pipe or
(see clause 22).

Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

special and the grade of steel required (see 5.1
and 5.2). k) Requirements for protection materials other
than specified in this standard (see notes to
c) The dimensions of the pipe or special, section 5).
i.e. outside diameter and thickness of pipe
required (see 9.1). l) Whether first quality abrasive descaling is
required (see 24.3).
d) Whether pipes are for cutting into closing
lengths at site (see 9.2). m) Whether an adhesion test is required
(see 28.2).
e) Whether random or cut lengths are required
(see clause 10). n) Whether sulphate-resisting Portland cement
lining is required.
f) For random lengths the length range, and the
quantity in metres required (see clause 10). o) The number of cube crushing tests required
(see 29.5).
g) For cut lengths the finished length and the
total number of lengths required (see clause 10). p) Whether material for completing the internal
and external protection of joints at site is
h) Type of joint required (see clause 11).
required (see 31.1 and 31.2).
i) Type of flange required (see 15.1).
j) Types of specials required (see section 4). Appendix C Electrical test for
k) Corrosion protection requirements continuity
(see section 5). C.1 Principle
l) Maximum working pressure (see clause 18). Possible faults in the protection are examined for
m) Whether pipes or specials are for use in or to using a high tension scanning electrode.
be transported through an extreme climate C.2 Equipment
(see note 5 to section 5).
C.2.1 Variable voltage detector (Holiday detector)
Appendix B Purchaser options C.2.2 Scanning electrode, in the form of a metallic
brush or a jointed spiral spring or conductive
This standard lists certain options and a number of rubber.
options are specified in BS 3601 (see 2.2 of
C.3 Procedure
BS 3601:1987). The purchaser should state in the
enquiry and order whether the following are Ensure that the pipe protection is free from surface
required but if no such statement is made supply is moisture. Connect the metal substrate, if possible,
at the option of the manufacturer. to earth.
a) Whether branches of tees are to be made of the Check at the time of testing that the spark length
same material as the main bodies. from the apparatus is 10 mm or twice the minimum
specified thickness of the coating, whichever is the
b) Whether a manufacturer’s certificate is
required (see clause 8). greater.
c) Whether a test certificate is required (see 8.2). Place the electrode in contact with the surface to be
tested. Operate the electrode with a continuous
d) Preparation of pipe ends required for movement at the rate recommended by the
butt-welding if different from the preparation manufacturer of the equipment. In the absence of
specified in clause 12. such recommendations, operate the electrode at a
e) Whether individual sleeve joints are required rate of approximately 0.2 m/s.
to be pressure tested after welding (see 13.5). When the brush passes over a fault, a spark will be
f) Whether pipes are required for cutting into produced between the electrode and the pipe.
closing lengths (see 13.6 and 9.2). Locate the fault.

18 © BSI 02-1999
 BS 534:1990

Publications referred to

BS 10, Specification for flanges and bolting for pipes, valves and fittings (obsolescent).
BS 12, Specification for Portland cements.
BS 21, Specification for pipe threads for tubes and fittings where pressure-tight joints are made on the
threads (metric dimensions).
BS 882, Specification for aggregates from natural sources for concrete.
BS 1387, Specification for screwed and socketed steel tubes and tubulars and for plain end steel tubes
suitable for welding or for screwing to BS 21 pipe threads.
BS 1560, Circular flanges for pipes, valves and fittings (Class designated).
BS 1560-3.1, Specification for steel flanges.
Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

BS 2633, Specification for Class I arc welding of ferritic steel pipework for carrying fluids.
BS 2971, Specification for Class II arc welding of carbon steel pipework for carrying fluids.
BS 3396, Woven glass fibre fabrics for plastics reinforcement.
BS 3396-1, Specification for loom-state fabrics.
BS 3600, Specification for dimensions and masses per unit length of welded and seamless steel pipes and
tubes for pressure purposes.
BS 3601, Specification for carbon steel pipes and tubes with specified room temperature properties for
pressure purposes.
BS 4027, Specification for sulphate-resisting Portland cement.
BS 4147, Specification for bitumen-based hot-applied coating materials for protecting iron and steel,
including suitable primers where required.
BS 4164, Specification for coal-tar-based hot-applied coating materials for protecting iron and steel,
including a suitable primer.
BS 4232, Specification for surface finish of blast-cleaned steel for painting.
BS 4504, Circular flanges for pipes, valves and fittings (PN designated).
BS 4504-3.1, Specification for steel flanges.
BS 4772, Specification for ductile iron pipes and fittings.
BS 6920, Suitability of non-metallic products for use in contact with water intended for human
comsumption with regard to their effect on the quality of the water.
BS 6920-1, Specification.
BS 8010, Code of practice for pipelines.
BS 8010-2, Pipelines on land: design, construction and installation.
ISO 4200, Plain end steel tubes, welded and seamless: General tables of dimensions and masses per unit
length.
API 5B, Specification for threading, gauging and thread inspection of casing, tubing and line pipe threads3).

3) Available from BSI Sales Department, Linford Wood, Milton Keynes MK14 6LE.

© BSI 02-1999
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Licensed Copy: Giorgio Cavalieri, ALSTOM, 12-Jan-01, Uncontrolled Copy. © BSI

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