LEARNER’S MODULE

GOSPEL OF TRUTH LEARNING SCHOOL

Blk. 30 lot 12, Brgy. Sto. Nino 1, Dasmarinas City, Cavite, Philippines

MATHEMATICS 6
Name:

Level and Section:

Teacher:

Academic Year: 2020-2012

SECOND QUARTER WEEK 1 MODULE

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 What I Know

To simplify the fractions means reducing it to lowest terms. First, you need to find the greatest common
factor of both numerator and denominator.

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Lesson 11: Ratio and Proportion

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 What I need to know?

 Expresses one value as a fraction of another given their ratio and vice
versa
 Visualizes the ratio of two given numbers
 Defines and illustrates the meaning of ratio and proportion using concrete
or pictorial models

Paula received a basket full of fruits from her grandmother.

What are the fruits in her basket?

How many fruits are there inside her basket?
How many apples?
How many oranges?

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 What’s in?

Ratio
We use ratios to make comparisons between two things. When we express
ratios in words, we use the word " is to" -- we say "the ratio of 4 apples to 6
oranges. Ratio can be written in many different ways: as a fraction, using the
word is to or with a colon (:).

Example:

In the picture above Paula received a basket of fruits with 4 apples and six
oranges.

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The ratio of apples to oranges is 4 is to 6 , 4 : 6 or 6

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The ratio of oranges to apples is 6 is to 6 is to 4, 6 : 4 or 4

When a ratio is written in fraction form, the fraction should be simplified. If

it is an improper fraction, we do not change it to a mixed number. Because a
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ratio compares two quantities, we would leave a ratio as  4  instead of

2
simplifying it to 1 4   so that we can see the two parts of the ratio.

More examples:

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 Ratio word form colon form fraction
Ratio of bees 9
9 is to 3 9:3
to flowers 3
Ratio of 3
flowers to 3 is to 9 3:9
9
bees
Ratio of 11
11 is to 12 11:12
burger to fries 12
Ratio of fries 12
12 is to 11 12:11
to burger 11

What it is ?

Ratio and Proportion

A proportion says that two ratios or fractions are
equal.

Annie can finish a painting in 3 hours, then 4 paintings can

be finished in 12 hours.

It can be written in three ways: as two equal fractions

1 4
=
3 12 fraction form

1:3 = 4 :12 colon form

"one is to three as four is to twelve." –

word form

In problems involving proportions, we can use cross products to test whether

two ratios are equal and form a proportion. To find the cross products of a

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 proportion, we multiply the outer terms, called the extremes,
and the middle terms, called the means.

1 : 3 = 4 : 12

means Colon form: multiply the means and the

extremes
extremes
1 x 12 = 3 x 4

1 4 12 = 12
3 12
Fraction form: Cross multiply

1 x 12 = 3 x 4

12 = 12

Therefore, it is proportion
Here, 1 and 12 are the extremes, and 3
and 4 are the means. Since the cross
products are both equal to one hundred, we know that these ratios are equal
and that this is a true proportion.

To find the missing term in a proportion;

3 n
Example: 3:4 = n : 8 or 4 = 8
3x8=nx4
n represent a number
24 = n x 4
 Cross multiply
24 ÷ 4 = n
 Divide the product by n cross product.
6=n
Check your answer by substitution:

3x8=nx4

3x8=6x4

24 = 24 therefore it is a proportion

What’s more?

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Activity 1: Write each ratio as fraction in simplest form.

Ratio Fraction Lowest term

Ex. 40 is to 8 40 40 8 5
8
(GCF of 40 and 8 is 8) ÷ =
8 8 1
17 out of 34

8 : 16

36: 9

15:6

45 out of 120

24:3

1 out of 1

66:22

72:9

Activity 2

Write P if the ratios form a proportion and NP if not.

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 ______1. 2:3 = 6:8 _______6. 10:2 = 5:1

______2. 4:6 = 2:3 _______7. 3:5 = 6:8

______3. 9:4 = 18:8 _______8. 9:2 = 7:1

______4. 5:6 = 3:4 _______9. 2:3 = 8:12

______5. 4:2 = 8:4 _____10. 10:20 = 2:16

What I have learned?

Proportion is statement that indicates that ratios or fractions are equal. To

solve for the unknown term in a proportion, the concept of “the product
of the means is always equal to the product of the extremes” will be
used.

What I can do?

Solve for the unknown quantities in the given proportion.

Ex: 12: 9 = 4: 3
12 x 3 = 9 x 4
36 = 36

2 n
1. 8 = 12

2. 5 : n = 12:15 =

9
3. n : 10 = 18:16 =

4. 10:33 = 50 = n =

5. 24 : n = 6 : 40 =

6. 9:4 = n : 16 =

7. 150: n = 60 : 20 =

8. N:26 = 14: 30 =

180 n
9. 4
= 3
=

125 2800
10. n
= 55
=¿

Assessment
Solve.

1. Two ribbons cost P 50. How much do 6 ribbons cost?

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2. Six chocolate bars are sold for P 80. How many bars will you buy with
P 160?

3. Nesty can bake 24 cupcakes in 30 minutes. How long will it take her
to bake 72 cupcakes?

4. Tomato juice are on sale for 3 cans for P80. How many cans can Mr.
Santos buy for P240?

5. Four packs of instant coffee make about 12 cups. How many packs are
needed to make 30 cups of coffee?

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