ISSN 2347 - 3983

Volume
Charan K R et al., International Journal of Emerging 9. No.
Trends 7, July 2021
in Engineering Research, 9(7), July 2021, 921 – 928
International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research
Available Online at http://www.warse.org/IJETER/static/pdf/file/ijeter15972021.pdf
https://doi.org/10.30534/ijeter/2021/15972021

Performance Analysis Of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access

Technique Using Simulink
Charan K R1, S R Mithun2, P Nagaraju3
1
Student, R V College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India, [email protected]
2
Student, R V College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India, [email protected]
3
Associate Professor, R V College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India, [email protected]


ABSTRACT

Non orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a novel

technology for transmission of the data with similar data-rate
for users both at the cell center and the at cell edge. Due to its
good cell coverage and large transmission bandwidth enables
reliable communication for users located at the cell edge. The
signals for the users are transmitted through entire spatial Figure 1Power domain multiplexing in NOMA
bandwidth by multiplexing in the power domain.
Basic model of the NOMA system is explained with
This work presents the Simulink implementation of
considering the two users as shown in Figure 2. The User-1 is
non-orthogonal multiple access over additive white Gaussian
considered near to the base station. The User-2 is located at
noise channel, Rayleigh and Rician fading channel. The
the cell edge. Since User-1 is nearer to BS power required for
NOMA Transmitter and the receiver blocks with SIC are
transmission is less, but in-case of User-2 requires high power
implemented for two user and three user environments.
since, it undergoes multipath effects. The power is allocated
Multipath fading environment was providing using parameter based on the power allocation co-efficient, which is obtained
settings available in the blocks. Performance of the models based on the location of the user. The data intended for two
implemented are analyzed with respect to Bit error rate (BER) users is transmitted over single channel. Figure 2 depicts
v/s Eb/No plots comparing using various modulation schemes
ordinary decoding process at User-2 and SIC been
over various channels. The results are tabulated and analyzed.
implemented at User-1.
Keywords: Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access, Rayleigh
Channel, Rician Channel, Successive Interference
Cancellation.

1. INTRODUCTION

Among various Non-orthogonal multiple access [8]

methods this work is on power domain multiple access. This Figure 2 Basic structure of NOMA system
technique allows the users to utilize complete bandwidth
allocated by differentiating users based on power allocated to Since User-2 signal is allocated with high power, User-1
them [12],[11]. signal is treated as noise while retrieving data. But signal at
User-1 includes User-2’s high power signal which makes
In the figure 1, multiplexing in illustrated graphically in decoding a conundrum. Therefore, SIC comes into picture
which number of end users is considered to be two in order to which iterative based solution in which detection and
have easy understanding. User 1 is allocated with high power subtraction of User-2’s data is done before detecting
and User-2 is allocated with low power, but frequency utilized User-1’s signal. This makes job easy of retrieving User-1’s
for communication is same i.e. complete bandwidth. This data.
provides higher data rate and latency thereby increasing
Quality of Service [14]. This work provides some basic insight to fundamentals of
NOMA concepts. NOMA transmitter and receiver model is
developed using Simulink. Analysis is done using various
modulation techniques over various propagation channels.

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2.NOMA CHARACTERIZATION AND MODELING

2.1 Downlink NOMA
In downlink NOMA, at the base station Superposition
Coding (SC) is employed and at the User end SIC
implemented[6]. Consider data from K channels multiplexed
onto single carrier using SC and SIC [2] at User side in
decoding data intended for particular User in Figure (3).
In case of downlink at any user farthest user’s signal is
decoded first since it has been allocated with more power
compared to among other users, in this process signals
intended for other users is assumed as noise. Therefore, the
SNR at kth user is given through equation (1),
Figure 4 Uplink structure of NOMA
(1)
Contrary to downlink the last signal to be decoded will be the
signal of farthest user. SNR of which can be written as in
Where, B is the bandwidth, gk is channel attenuation factor for equation (5)
channel between UEk and BS. (5)
Signal that will be decoded at last user nearer to the BS i.e.,
UE1, the SNR at that UE is depicted in equation (2). Throughput that has to be attained in order to decode each
user data is depicted in equation (6)
(2)
(6)
At each user the throughput in terms of bits per second is
depicted in equation (3)
3.METHODOLOGY AND SYSTEM MODEL
(3) The two basic principles which serve as foundations in
) implementing NOMA are Super Position Coding and
Where, B is the bandwidth, gk is channel attenuation factor for Successive Interference Cancellation [1].
channel between UEk and BS[10].
At NOMA transmitter the signals from different sources are
2.2. Uplink NOMA
multiplexed with different gains in powers [3]. Where power
Contrary to downlink, in uplink SIC is implemented at allocated for the User-2 (far user, cell edge) is more compared
BS in order to decode the data from K users which is to power of User-1 (near user, cell center) [7]. At receiver SIC
illustrated in the figure (4). SIC at BS operates with a slight is implemented at the near user since the power allocated is
difference compared to user end, at BS SIC first decodes the small. The basic model is explained using the figure 2.
nearest user [2] whose SNR is shown in equation (4).

(4)

Figure 5 The basic model of NOMA transmitter.

In order to simplify analysis, here the number users under a

particular BS are considered to be two. Data from individual
users is subjected to encoding and modulation based on the
system requirement. After modulation gains to individual user
is provided based on power coefficients whose value is
decided based on power allocation algorithm and channel
state information.

Figure 3 Downlink structure of NOMA Let ‘x’ be the signal transmitted by the base station. ‘s1’ and
‘s2’ be the information signals of the User-1 and User-2
respectively. ‘ 1’ and ‘ 2’ be the power allocation factor

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(power coefficients). ‘P’ is the total power. ‘p1’ and ‘p2’ be the Since implementing SIC the user end, the desired signal for
power allocated the signals of User-1 and User-2 respectively particular ‘a’ user can be denoted as[4]
[15].
The power allocated to the User-1 and User-2 is given by = ℎ × + ℎ × +
equation (7) and equation (8),
(16)
p1 = 1P (7)
p2 = 2 P (8)

4.IMPLEMENTATION
The signals transmitted from the base station is given by
equation (9)[5], Simulink is a graphical programming, developed by the
MATLAB. This work proposes a developed Simulink model
(9) for the NOMA transmitter and receiver with AWGN,
The received signal will be, Rayleigh and Rician channel[13] utilizing modulation
techniques like BPSK, QPSK and QAM[9]. In Simulink
(10) implementation series of binary bits (0 and 1) are considered
(11) as data on which signal processing operations are performed.
Power allocation coefficients to individual user are assigned
manually based on assumption of near and far user.
Here, yi is the signal received at ith user, hi is channel fading
Coefficient matrix and n is Additive White Gaussian Noise.

(12)

Assuming the SIC is ideal then UE1 signal detection is be

expressed as [3],

(13) Figure 6 Basic model of NOMA receiver

4.1AWGN Channel
Similarly estimated symbol at UE2 is [3],
Figure (7) and figure (8) depicts NOMA model for AWGN
channel in three user environments.
(14)
4.2Rayleigh/ Rician Fading Channel
In order to have multipath effects in the simulation
In the above implementation, the number of users
environment, average path gain for UE-1 and UE-2 is fixed to
considered were two, if there are inumber of users in total and 0dB and -2dB respectively. In case of three user environment,
assuming perfect SIC, then the user a’s signal detection at UE-1, UE-2 and UE-3 are given -2dB, -1dB and 0dB as
receiver can be expressed as[4] average gain respectively. In case of rician channel, rician
factor (k) is of value 3. NOMA receiver incorporates zero
(15) forcing equalizer blocks after SIC in order to nullify channel
effects. Implemented models are depicted in figure (9) and
figure (10).
W here, iϵ [1, 2... N], denotes decoding and
demodulation of signal.

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Figure 7 NOMA Receiver for Three Users in AWGN channel

Figure 8 NOMA Transmitter for Three Users in AWGN Channel

Figure 9 NOMA Transmitter for Three Users in Rayleigh/Rician Channel

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Figure 10 NOMA Receivers for Three Users in Rayleigh/Rician Channel.

5. SIMULATION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION to achieve least BER 16-QAM turns out to be least
appreciable.
Using relevant tools in Simulink the results for developed
models were obtained in the form of BER v/s Eb/No plots. 6. CONCLUSION
Modulation techniques considered were BPSK, QPSK and
16-QAM. The model was analyzed over range power factors This work enlightened the basics of NOMA, its
for both User-1 and User-2. The power factors for two user differentiation based on implementation i.e. either on BS or
environment (UE-1, UE-2) were (0.1, 0.9), (0.2, 0.8), (0.3, user end and proves to be most reliable technology to be
0.7) and (0.4, 0.6) respectively over all propagation channels. implemented future new radio type. Simulation analysis was
In-case of three user environment (UE-3, UE-2, UE-1) are done using Simulink software. Through the results conclusion
(0.1, 0.3, 0.6) respectively.Analysis is performed over drawn is, BPSK and QPSK are most reliable modulation
propagation channels like AWGN, Rayleigh and Rician schemes for NOMA technique over any channel, if goal of the
channels. The results of BER obtained are tabulated in tables system design is to have least BER. As users increases in
(1), (2), (3) and (4).In all the channels, we can observe that order to have efficient reception data the power coefficient
performance of BPSK and QPSK are almost similar. In a view difference between the users should be high.

Table 1: BER values for two user environment over AWGN channel
EbNo (in dB)
POWER FACTOR
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
0.1 0.495755 0.4911751 0.4850751 0.4760752 0.4612854 0.4407856 0.4097859 0.3629764 0.302577 0.2255777 0.1463985
0.2 0.4741553 0.4588654 0.4391356 0.4085059 0.3622864 0.301957 0.2276877 0.1421986 0.0741593 0.0252597 0.00478
UE1
0.3 0.4462955 0.4147659 0.3743163 0.3186268 0.2478775 0.1652783 0.0886391 0.0348197 0.0079399 0.00072 4.00E-05
BPSK
0.4 0.4074459 0.3619064 0.300777 0.2270077 0.1442586 0.0720993 0.0255597 0.00464 0.00038 0 0
0.9 0.1863081 0.1103989 0.0477795 0.0140599 0.00216 0.00018 0 0 0 0 0
0.8 0.2366776 0.1613384 0.098279 0.0476195 0.0167198 0.00358 0.00034 0 0 0 0
UE2
0.7 0.299277 0.2371676 0.1761382 0.1230788 0.0744793 0.0366596 0.0119199 0.00242 0.0002 0 0
0.6 0.3605864 0.3165768 0.2846172 0.2456875 0.2104379 0.1689383 0.1219588 0.0758992 0.0369796 0.0125799 0.00234
0.1 0.4921902 0.4905902 0.4850503 0.4767705 0.4617708 0.4415512 0.4082018 0.3638727 0.3035039 0.2257755 0.1439571
0.2 0.4747505 0.4602108 0.4393612 0.4075118 0.3660327 0.302184 0.2240555 0.1430571 0.0722986 0.0238395 0.0044199
UE1
0.3 0.4462326 0.4176727 0.3751016 0.3172442 0.2460169 0.1631296 0.0867173 0.0327824 0.0073975 0.00077 2.50E-05
0.4 0.4075018 0.3606928 0.301154 0.2243555 0.1426371 0.0733585 0.0244595 0.0046199 0.0003 2.00E-05 0
AWGN QPSK
0.9 0.1872363 0.1066579 0.047579 0.0139997 0.0027399 0.00014 0 0 0 0 0
0.8 0.2388152 0.1633167 0.0959781 0.0450791 0.0172197 0.0033199 0.00044 4.00E-05 0 0 0
UE2
0.7 0.299354 0.2381552 0.1749465 0.1231175 0.0725985 0.0363793 0.0115798 0.00246 0.00024 0 0
0.6 0.3571529 0.3194036 0.2830943 0.2438851 0.2097458 0.1670367 0.1206176 0.0742785 0.0377992 0.0115198 0.0022
EbNo (in dB)
POWER FACTOR
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
0.1 0.50129 0.49819 0.49991 0.50183 0.49867 0.4969901 0.4958501 0.50093 0.4933301 0.4732705 0.399392
0.2 0.50147 0.4951301 0.50119 0.49827 0.4963901 0.50229 0.4910702 0.4712706 0.4048719 0.2681146 0.1131977
UE1
0.3 0.50019 0.50193 0.50195 0.4971701 0.49791 0.4906302 0.4676506 0.3837123 0.2458751 0.0899582 0.0131197
16-QAM
0.4 0.5028499 0.4955501 0.50065 0.50223 0.4945501 0.4748905 0.4034719 0.2700746 0.1106378 0.0177596 0.00076
0.9 0.49753 0.49755 0.4866103 0.4464111 0.3424332 0.1908762 0.0611988 0.0085998 0.00028 0 0
0.8 0.49807 0.50049 0.4897302 0.4536709 0.3657527 0.2343153 0.1075578 0.0330393 0.0042399 8.00E-05 0
UE2
0.7 0.4967701 0.49807 0.4929901 0.4661707 0.3921522 0.2933941 0.1845963 0.099758 0.0390792 0.0061999 0.0002
0.6 0.49897 0.5031699 0.4958701 0.4795104 0.4243115 0.3531529 0.2872743 0.2292554 0.1684766 0.1045579 0.0373593

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Table 2: BER values for two user environment over Rayleigh fading channel
EbNo (in dB)
POWER FACTOR
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
0.1 0.5021659 0.4971676 0.4778407 0.4208597 0.3805398 0.3078974 0.20993 0.1466178 0.0919693 0.0546485 0.0273242
0.2 0.4701766 0.4391869 0.3865378 0.311896 0.221926 0.1419527 0.0906365 0.0593136 0.0279907 0.0099967 0.0073309
UE1
0.3 0.4191936 0.3678774 0.2899034 0.1886038 0.1326225 0.0866378 0.0453182 0.023992 0.0126624 0.0046651 0.0019993
BPSK
0.4 0.3785405 0.3018994 0.2152616 0.1359547 0.0913029 0.0533156 0.0346551 0.0113296 0.0046651 0.0019993 0.0013329
0.9 0.2019327 0.1246251 0.0739753 0.041986 0.0226591 0.0079973 0.0046651 0.0019993 0 0 0
0.8 0.2252582 0.1599467 0.1059647 0.0699767 0.0313229 0.0166611 0.0079973 0.0039987 0 0 0
UE2
0.7 0.2885705 0.2005998 0.137954 0.0946351 0.0593136 0.0353216 0.0206598 0.0093302 0.0033322 0.0019993 0.0006664
0.6 0.3678774 0.2992336 0.2559147 0.1946018 0.1312896 0.0846385 0.0619793 0.0233256 0.0133289 0.0093302 0.0013329
0.1 0.4919005 0.4848343 0.4689687 0.4420039 0.3991067 0.325445 0.2389174 0.1574562 0.0946937 0.0525965 0.0266649
0.2 0.465469 0.4437704 0.3970402 0.3279448 0.2387841 0.1636891 0.0962602 0.0527298 0.0255316 0.0129325 0.0063329
UE1
0.3 0.4317379 0.3874408 0.3103793 0.2238517 0.1429571 0.0866609 0.0469969 0.024265 0.0125325 0.0057996 0.0028665
RAYLEIGH
0.4 0.3967402 0.3261783 0.2389507 0.154723 0.0940937 0.0530298 0.0263316 0.0145324 0.0076662 0.0028665 0.0012666
QPSK
0.9 0.2133524 0.1367242 0.0777282 0.0445304 0.0214652 0.0109993 0.0057996 0.0027332 0.0012666 0.0004666 0.0002
0.8 0.2544164 0.174455 0.1065262 0.0607959 0.0328645 0.0179321 0.0083994 0.0039331 0.0013332 0.0007333 0.0003333
UE1
0.7 0.3099127 0.2306513 0.1598227 0.1029265 0.0590294 0.0332644 0.0157989 0.0080661 0.0038664 0.0019332 0.0008666
0.6 0.3649757 0.3151123 0.2614492 0.2047863 0.145657 0.0898607 0.0554296 0.0300647 0.0150657 0.0072662 0.0032664
0.1 0.5154799 0.5002504 0.501003 0.5040363 0.4830754 0.5045455 0.4854227 0.4861314 0.4779904 0.4518318 0.3425926
0.2 0.4947994 0.5028841 0.49529 0.5081384 0.5063355 0.502768 0.4885086 0.4455843 0.3409556 0.206533 0.1481317
UE2
0.3 0.4894737 0.5120451 0.521671 0.4809822 0.4840116 0.4696756 0.4256498 0.3299207 0.1914527 0.1440519 0.0952
0.4 0.5035282 0.5211268 0.4814458 0.4901865 0.4676966 0.4530612 0.3333333 0.210804 0.1297214 0.0995019 0.0581801
16-QAM
0.9 0.4916339 0.4705596 0.4570568 0.4421053 0.322365 0.2493958 0.1548323 0.099108 0.0568906 0.0266094 0.010749
0.8 0.5007603 0.4846348 0.4950348 0.420241 0.3537924 0.2746653 0.191924 0.1088619 0.0644286 0.0184332 0.0142708
UE2
0.7 0.5030211 0.5020101 0.4787908 0.4276181 0.4011185 0.32 0.2133603 0.1330214 0.0610119 0.049677 0.023
0.6 0.4889447 0.5184224 0.4741551 0.4559256 0.4218316 0.3463222 0.2970568 0.2169381 0.152916 0.117654 0.07731

Table 3: BER values for two user environment over Rician fading channel
EbNo (in dB)
POWER FACTOR
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
0.1 0.49676 0.48756 0.47696 0.45108 0.41296 0.34596 0.26052 0.16856 0.08912 0.04528 0.01848
0.2 0.4778 0.45292 0.4122 0.34832 0.25904 0.16752 0.08784 0.04272 0.01972 0.00812 0.00312
UE1
0.3 0.44912 0.40508 0.33372 0.24372 0.15172 0.08012 0.03828 0.01648 0.00704 0.00272 0.00096
BPSK
0.4 0.414 0.3508 0.25688 0.1682 0.0898 0.042 0.02004 0.00736 0.00328 0.0012 0.00048
0.9 0.23112 0.1416 0.07132 0.03456 0.0148 0.00604 0.00308 0.00084 0.0002 4.00E-05 0
0.8 0.26928 0.18356 0.1088 0.0532 0.0258 0.01108 0.00436 0.0016 0.0006 0.00032 0
UE2
0.7 0.31536 0.24428 0.1722 0.10312 0.0528 0.02564 0.0114 0.00484 0.00168 0.00052 0.00024
0.6 0.38252 0.32948 0.27548 0.21344 0.1556 0.09552 0.05104 0.0246 0.01028 0.00468 0.00216
0.1 0.4970626 0.4861753 0.4770881 0.4528512 0.4122397 0.3442664 0.2509187 0.1525712 0.0770481 0.0348491 0.0151496
0.2 0.4755756 0.4534762 0.4122397 0.341354 0.2522937 0.1540961 0.078998 0.0352991 0.0144746 0.0053499 0.002
UE1
0.3 0.4443514 0.398615 0.3289168 0.2337192 0.1390715 0.0675483 0.0298493 0.0126747 0.0047999 0.001825 0.000675
RICIAN
0.4 0.4156056 0.3481768 0.2645157 0.1719219 0.089394 0.0389974 0.0141324 0.0045997 0.0006666 6.67E-05 0
QPSK
0.9 0.2162446 0.1262718 0.0629734 0.0292743 0.0113247 0.0040749 0.0017 0.000625 0.0003 0 0
0.8 0.2610435 0.1714957 0.0939227 0.0442489 0.0194495 0.0083248 0.0026999 0.001 0.00045 0.000275 2.50E-05
UE2
0.7 0.3151671 0.2346941 0.158671 0.0906227 0.0445739 0.0209745 0.0082998 0.0032249 0.001025 0.00055 0.000225
0.6 0.3787747 0.3286448 0.279448 0.2174522 0.1525232 0.0944604 0.0505966 0.0209986 0.0071329 0.0023332 0.0003333
0.1 0.487645 0.522763 0.5160124 0.5002504 0.4759409 0.5045455 0.50788 0.5037821 0.4897059 0.4798271 0.4847162
0.2 0.4785 0.4922693 0.4896245 0.4777007 0.4943097 0.5002504 0.4950446 0.5053111 0.4625 0.380137 0.1853432
UE1
0.3 0.5146832 0.4904523 0.4994813 0.4693267 0.5045455 0.4885086 0.4798271 0.4563728 0.3610408 0.1597889 0.0764
0.4 0.4818627 0.5092025 0.495 0.5005139 0.5050556 0.4854227 0.468135 0.3713755 0.187006 0.0827426 0.0319386
16-QAM
0.9 0.4977511 0.4816514 0.4959839 0.4553967 0.4129406 0.3418217 0.222668 0.1368631 0.0536513 0.0223518 0.001938
0.8 0.5065923 0.5178849 0.4943097 0.4853161 0.4528208 0.3540916 0.2529833 0.1680926 0.0771734 0.0244716 0.004221
UE2
0.7 0.5071066 0.490835 0.478666 0.4823411 0.4525994 0.4004975 0.3078412 0.2063492 0.1193584 0.0348584 0.0114
0.6 0.4904137 0.4918759 0.4784154 0.5133607 0.4561572 0.4260327 0.3793578 0.3001514 0.1994808 0.1180711 0.0743857

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Table 4: BER values for three user environment over AWGN , Rayleigh and Rician channels
EbNo (in dB)
POWER FACTOR
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
BPSK UE3 0.6 0.2199778 0.1790682 0.1414886 0.1076289 0.0785792 0.0563594 0.0342097 0.0205298 0.0096099 0.003 0.0006
UE2 0.3 0.3369266 0.299307 0.2545375 0.2087079 0.1588984 0.1126189 0.0716093 0.0405096 0.0191598 0.0064799 0.00111
UE1 0.1 0.4453455 0.4328257 0.4114459 0.3908461 0.3590464 0.3271667 0.2847372 0.2401676 0.1868081 0.1322987 0.0791392
AWGN UE3 0.6 0.2197856 0.1806364 0.1392672 0.1070979 0.0779084 0.0556389 0.0363893 0.0189496 0.0091598 0.0027999 0.00052
QPSK UE2 0.3 0.3380132 0.300674 0.2539649 0.2071859 0.1577568 0.1100278 0.0710086 0.0388992 0.0192896 0.0063599 0.0013
UE1 0.1 0.4436211 0.4277214 0.4108418 0.3907722 0.3611228 0.3298834 0.2872043 0.2422052 0.1861763 0.1300474 0.0769285
UE3 0.6 0.7799622 0.702533 0.599524 0.4726853 0.3423866 0.2274777 0.1479385 0.095249 0.0569194 0.0282497 0.0103199
16-QAM UE2 0.3 0.8845812 0.8569014 0.8156018 0.7537325 0.6643334 0.5433446 0.404776 0.2580474 0.1385886 0.0599394 0.0205498
UE1 0.1 0.9259007 0.9199808 0.9124109 0.901741 0.8830412 0.8567714 0.8147419 0.7508525 0.6585334 0.5334847 0.3806062
UE3 0.6 0.2014925 0.1402542 0.0970958 0.0568445 0.033189 0.0153181 0.0093344 0.0032573 0.0018223 0.0004737 0.0004545
BPSK UE2 0.3 0.4005602 0.3651832 0.3273885 0.2618957 0.209934 0.1774256 0.1546434 0.1416562 0.1165289 0.1068005 0.0763033
UE1 0.1 0.4582951 0.4319654 0.3889537 0.3963535 0.3785011 0.3976143 0.4051864 0.4152824 0.4255319 0.4608295 0.4595588
UE3 0.6 0.2374005 0.2007909 0.1323283 0.08603 0.0572267 0.0376845 0.0190779 0.0138249 0.0061872 0.0025381 0.0008425
RAYLEIGH QPSK UE2 0.3 0.3533271 0.2989601 0.2408907 0.1725191 0.1285301 0.0912519 0.0516717 0.0310263 0.0171451 0.0082781 0.0033985
UE1 0.1 0.4721435 0.4509009 0.4245123 0.390625 0.3776435 0.3808073 0.3765989 0.3841136 0.405515 0.4051864 0.4215852
UE3 0.6 0.8374205 0.7778777 0.6940559 0.5983122 0.4575214 0.3434343 0.2459119 0.195831 0.1463296 0.0828866 0.0411061
16-QAM UE2 0.3 0.88899 0.8523852 0.82662 0.7539749 0.6674491 0.535461 0.4229129 0.3162534 0.2466137 0.1481778 0.077956
UE1 0.1 0.8984726 0.8849558 0.8888889 0.8340284 0.785546 0.7127584 0.6024096 0.5437738 0.4670715 0.3930818 0.3527337
UE3 0.6 0.2801887 0.2326986 0.1693305 0.1171285 0.0719844 0.0397326 0.022206 0.007573 0.0039032 0.0003905 0
BPSK UE2 0.3 0.3992395 0.3647321 0.2954152 0.2268557 0.1717909 0.1170058 0.063304 0.03766 0.0167286 0.0071118 0.0008278
UE1 0.1 0.4878049 0.4422822 0.448833 0.4332756 0.3892565 0.3625816 0.3576538 0.363901 0.4043672 0.3863988 0.4081633
UE3 0.6 0.2881818 0.2286229 0.1707942 0.1064189 0.0721003 0.0398956 0.0233711 0.0116034 0.0018382 0.0015686 0.0004102
RICIAN QPSK UE2 0.3 0.3880037 0.3348778 0.2941953 0.2171053 0.1598017 0.1064227 0.0631032 0.0342219 0.0155657 0.0059856 0.0016793
UE1 0.1 0.4868549 0.4591368 0.4241525 0.4016064 0.3785011 0.3443526 0.3652301 0.3641661 0.3843198 0.4009623 0.4255319
UE3 0.6 0.8511797 0.8052536 0.733156 0.6680815 0.5321782 0.4160866 0.3207687 0.2549269 0.1871412 0.098989 0.054352
16-QAM UE2 0.3 0.8962351 0.8760036 0.8327526 0.7963605 0.7329451 0.6345412 0.5420495 0.4608586 0.3329552 0.1912592 0.1196422
UE1 0.1 0.9157509 0.9017133 0.8795075 0.862069 0.8176615 0.7558579 0.7072136 0.6414368 0.5396654 0.45106 0.3729952

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Access,Thesis, National chiaotung university, Aug

2015.
We thank Prof. P Nagaraju, Associate Professor in 5. RefikCaglarKizilirmak. Non-Orthogonal Multiple
Department of Telecommunication Engineering for his Access (NOMA) for 5G Networks, Towards 5G
precious guidance in carrying out this work. We also thank Wireless Networks - A Physical Layer
Department of Telecommunication Engineering, RVCE for Perspective, ISBN- 9789535128335.
providing all the support. 6. V. Nagarajan.Studies On The Capacity
Enhancement Techniques For Mimo Multi
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