8

ENGLISH
First Quarter – Module 2
Week 2-3

SDO TAGUIG CITY AND PATEROS

Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and evaluated by the

Development and Quality Assurance Teams of SDO TAPAT to assist you in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let’s Try before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 Let’s Learn

This module focuses on the use of conventions in citing sources.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Define citation;
2. Explain the importance of citation,
3. Differentiate in-text citation from reference citation,
4. Cite sources using in-text and reference citation in APA format, and
5. Incorporate citations into an informative essay on a chosen topic

Let’s Try

Directions: Match the terms in Column A with their meanings in column B. Write
the letter of your answer before each number.

A B

_____1. Author a. the practice of taking someone else’s work

or ideas and passing them off as one’s
own
_____2. Publisher b. intellectual property right that protects
the creator or owner of original expressive
works
_____3. Copyright c. person or company that prepares and
issues and prepares books, journals,
music or other works for sale
_____4. Plagiarism d. work or invention that is the result of
creativity

_____5. Intellectual Property e. writer of a book, article or report

_____6. Informative Essay f. discusses current or recent news of either
general interest or of a specific topic

_____7. Online Article g. periodic publication containing article

and illustrations covering a particular
or area of interest

_____8. News Article h. writing that aims to educate an audience

about a certain topic

_____9. Encyclopedia i. electronic article in journal that can be

accessed via electronic transmission

_____10. Magazine j. book containing information on many

subjects or on many aspects of a subject

Lesson
Using Conventions in
1 Citing Sources

Let’s Recall

Image from :https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1298852/educators-step-up-for-new

revolution
 Let’s Explore

In today’s changing times, most if not all information can be found in the Internet or
from the World Wide Web (www.). The news feature in the previous page is an
example of an article that can be found online. Examine the article above. Take note
of the following details:

a) Who wrote the article?

b) What is the Title of the news article?
c) When was it written?
d) Where was it published? And,
e) How do I get more information about the article?

Who, What, When, Where and How: These are the common questions we ask
when we look for sources of information that we use in our writing and
research studies. Once we have gathered our information, it is then very
important to remember to take note of those details from our sources and
write them down.

Let’s Elaborate

Intellectual Property (IP) is anything created by the human mind that the law
protects from unauthorized use by others. It includes but is not limited to written
works (such as books and articles), ideas, discoveries, inventions, arts and designs.

In academic writing, we draw information from different sources. It is therefore

important to tell the readers where the sources came from and acknowledge the first
hand authors of that information. This is called Citation.

Citation is a written reference to a specific work, like a book, an article or a report by

specific authors or editors. It clearly identifies the source of the work.
Citation is done for the following reasons:

a) To give credit to the authors

b) To establish writer’s credibility
c) To help readers find the information; and
d) To avoid Plagiarism

PLAGIARISM refers to the presentation of the words or ideas of another author (it
could also be a text writer or another student) as your own. This is not acceptable
practice.

The two most commonly used STYLES in citing sources are the APA (American
Psychological Association) and the MLA (Modern Language Association). Each
style has its own rules and formats for citing sources, but they usually include two
main components:

 A brief in-text citation containing the author’s last name, and sometimes the
year and/or page number
 A full reference containing all the information to find the original source

How do we do a citation APA Style?

A. In- text Citation

 a reference made within the body of the text

 gives the appropriate details about the source of information
 enclosed in parentheses ( ) at the end of the sentence
 applies only to the sentence it is a part of
 FORMAT:

Author’s Last Name + Year of Publication + page (if

applicable)

Example: (Dela Cruz, 2020)

 When a work has no identified author, cite in text the first few words
of the article title using double quotation marks, “headline-style”
capitalization, and the year.

Example: (“How to Stay Positive During ECQ,” 2020)

Note that there are two ways to use a source: quote from it or rephrase it in your
own words
 Example:

 Quoted: “Heavy social media use can be linked to depression and

other mental disorders in teens”. (Asmelash, 2019)
 Rephrased: According to Asmelash (2019), depression and other
mental disorders can arise from too much use of social media by
teenagers.

B. Reference Citation

 list of the sources you have cited that come at the end of your
paper
 arranged alphabetically by author

Source APA Format

Book Author’s Last Name, First Name Initial, Middle NameInitial (Year
of Publication). Book Title: Subtitle, City of Publication,
Abbreviation of state of publication: Publishing Company.
Examples:
 with one author

Cunningham, M.A. (2012). Man’s history and social

development, New York, NY: Russel Sage Foundation.
 with two authors

Smith, T., & Williams, B.M. (2019). Citing sources and

referencing: A quick guide, Washington DC: Scribbr
Encyclopedia Last, F. M, & Last, F.M. (Year Published). Article title. In
Encyclopedia Name. (Vol.#, pp.). City, State: Publisher
Examples:
 with one author
Sanchez, M.R. (2018). Historical overview.
In Encyclopedia on Ancient Egypt. (3rd ed.,pp. Xii-Xv).
New York, NY: National Geography Society
 with two authors
Lee, K., & Ronalds, G. (2000). Insects. In Encyclopedia of
Animals. (pp.170-171). Cambridge, MA: Harvard
University Press.
 Online Author’s Last Name, First Name Initial, Middle Name Initial
Articles (Year, Month Day). Article title. Newspaper/
Encyclopedia/ Magazine Name, Retrieved from URL
Examples:
 with author
Romero, A. (2020, June 14). Palace says deciding
on the Fate of Metro Manila, a ‘gamble’. Philstar.com,
Retrieved from https://philstar.com
 without author
How Smart and Globe will face 2020. (2019, December 18).
Telecommunications Today, Retrieved from https://
telecommunicationstoday.com

Magazines/ Author’s Last Name, First Name Initial, Middle Name Initial.
(Year, Month Day). Article title. Magazine/ Journal Title,
Newspapers
Volume (Issue No.), pages.
Example:
 with one author
Richards, N.X. (2013, June 19). Making the grade in today’s
schools. Time,135,28-31.
 with two authors
Sison, R.J., & Reid J.H. (1999). Trajectories of change in
criminal offending: Good marriages and the distance
process. American Sociological Review, 63(2), 225-238.

Let’s Dig In

Activity 1 – Identifying Citation

Directions: Determine which component is used in each sentence. Choose from In-
text Citation or Reference Citation. Write you answers on the blank provided for.
1. Lopez (2009) overstated the case when she asserted that “we seem to be
reaching…from the hands of philosophers” (p.218) __________________
2. Smith, R. (2018). Psychosis of the mind, Burbank, CA: Barnes and Noble _____
 3. Kraizer, S. (2011). Preventing bullying. Retrieved from

https://safechild.org/categoryparents/preventing-bullying/ ________________

4. Role-play can help children learn techniques for coping with bullying
(Kraizer,2011) _____________________________
5. Dela Pena, W. (2010). The biologist’s dream: Innovation in the biosciences,
Manila, MM: Rex Publishing Company ______________________

Activity 2– Complete the Table

Directions: Place the given information in their right column to complete the chart.

1. Technical Writing (2006)

T.F. Mindshapes Company, Inc.
Ballesteros Makati City, Philippines
Author’s First Name Publication Book Place of Publisher
Title
Initial Middle
Last Date Publication
Name Initial
Name
a. b. c d. e. f.

2. 2004 Armour House Publication

The African Revival Nairobi
Book Title Publication Date Place of Publication Publisher
a. b. c. d.

Activity 3 – Make References

Directions: Arrange the following information to create a reference citation.
1. Author(s): Harlow, H.F.
Year: 1983
Title: Fundamentals for preparing psychology journal articles
Page number: 893-896
Reference:
___________________________________________________________________
 2. Author(s): Mike Selim, Robert Brown
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Publishing
Title: Grammar and Composition
City of Publication: New York City, New York
Year: 2004 Page number: 24
Reference:
_____________________________________________________________________
3. Author(s): Alex Rivera and Carol Keyk
Publisher: Savior Publishing, Inc.
Title: A View from the Fifth
Publication: Manila
Year: 2008
Reference:
____________________________________________________________________

4. Author(s): Patricia Evangelista

Date of Publication: May 25, 2013
Title of Article: The Binay Republic
Date of Access: December 4, 2014
Url: http://www.rappler.com/thought-leaders/29939-binay-republic
Reference:
_____________________________________________________________________
5. Author(s): No specific author
Date of Publication: May 3, 2011
Title: Functions of Modals
Conservative Date of Access: June 28, 2019
URL: http://www.grammargirl.com
Reference:
_____________________________________________________________________

Activity 4- Cite Sources

Directions: Study the following screen-captured images and a) create an in-text
citation based on the highlighted statements, and b) a reference citation based on
the given source of information.

1. Briones: Philippine education can’t wait for COVID-19 vaccine

Published June 11, 2020
 By Dona Magsino, GMA News

she stressed that

learning cannot be
postponed until a
vaccine against COVID-
19 becomes available.

Source:https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/nation/742192/brionesphilippi
ne-education-can-t-wait-for-covid-19-vaccine/story/
a. In-text Citation:
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
b. Reference Citation:
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
2. How to support kids’ and teens’ mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic
Published June 10, 2020
Author Javeed Sukhera, Western University

Among the most

vulnerable
individuals are
children and youth
with pre-existing
mental health
challenges.

Source:https://theconversation.com/how-to-support-kids-and-teens
mentalhealthduringthe-covid-19-pandemic-138475
 a. In-Text Citation:

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

b. Reference Citation:
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

3. Lockdown blamed for cases of violence against women

Published June 14, 2020
By Patricia Denise M. Chiu, Inquirer.net

According to Gabriela, the

“militarized” lockdown has
increased women’s
vulnerability to abuse
because it exposed them to
hunger and poverty while
shutting off easy access to
social protection.

Source: https://cebudailynews.inquirer.net/318083/lockdown-blamed-for-cases-
of-violence-against-women
a. In-Text Citation:
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
b. Reference Citation:
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
 Let’s Remember

Recall what you have learned from this lesson by answering the following questions:

1. Why is citation important?

_________________________________________________________________________
2. How do you properly cite sources?
_________________________________________________________________________
3. What are the two most commonly used Citation Styles?
_________________________________________________________________________
4. What is Plagiarism?
_________________________________________________________________________
5. What is an Informative Essay?
_________________________________________________________________________

Let’s Apply

WRITING WORKSOP: WRITING AN INFORMATIVE ESSAY

An informative essay is written to inform the target audience about the particular
object, person, event, or phenomenon. The main purpose is to explain a particular
topic in details based only on facts.

In this workshop, you will write an informative essay based on a topic of your choice.

STEPS ON HOW TO WRITE AN INFORMATIVE ESSAY:

1. Ask yourself: What topic shall I write about? Choose a topic that you know
really well and that interests you.
2. Do some research and brainstorm on the topic. Make sure to write down only
the reliable sources that you used when doing your research and properly cite
them in your essay.
3. Make an outline on the development of your essay.
Use the following format for your outline.

___________________________________
(Title)

I. Thesis Statement:
_____________________________________________________
II. Introduction: ________________________________________
III. Body
Main Topic: _________________________________________
Sub-Topic:
a. __________________________________________________
b. __________________________________________________
c. __________________________________________________

Main Topic: _________________________________________

Sub-Topic:

a. _________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________
c. _________________________________________________

Main Topic: _________________________________________

Sub-Topic:

a. _________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________
c. _________________________________________________
IV. Conclusion: __________________________________________

Note: Write only the important points in your outline.

WRITING PROPER

Choose a topic from the following suggested ones and develop an informative essay
about it. Write your essay in a separate sheet of paper.

a. The good and/or bad effects of Social Media to Teenagers

 b. The impacts of Covid-19 to education
c. How to stay healthy during the pandemic
d. Leaders who are making a difference during the pandemic
e. How the pandemic changed the lives of the Youth

Remember to make at least three in-text citations and cite at least three references
that you used in writing your essay.

INFORMATIVE ESSAY RUBRICS

Criteria Very Satisfactory Fair Needs

Satisfactory Improvement
(4) (3) (2) (1)
Focus and There is one There is one There is one The topic and
Detail clear, well- clear, well- topic. Main main ideas are
focused topic. focused topic. ideas are not clear.
Main ideas Main ideas are somewhat
are clear but are clear.
clear and are not well-
well- supported by
supported by detailed
detailed and information.
accurate
information.

Organization The The The There is no

introduction introduction introduction clear
is inviting, states states the introduction,
states the main topic main topic. A structure, or
the main and provides conclusion is conclusion.
topic, an overview of included.
and provides the paper. A
an overview conclusion is
of the paper. included.
Information
is relevant
and
presented in
a logical
order. The
conclusion is
strong.
Voice The author’s The author’s The author’s The author’s
purpose of purpose of purpose of purpose of
writing is writing is writing is writing is
very clear, somewhat somewhat unclear.
and there is clear, and clear, and
strong there is some there is some
evidence of evidence of evidence of
attention to attention to attention to
audience. The audience. The audience. The
author’s author’s author’s
extensive knowledge knowledge
knowledge and/or and/or
and/or experience experience
experience with the topic with the topic
with the topic is/are evident. is/are limited.
is/are
evident.
Sentence All sentences Most Most Sentences
Structure, are well sentences are sentences are sound
Grammar, constructed well well awkward, are
Spelling and have constructed constructed distractingly
varied and have but they have repetitive, or
structure and varied a similar are difficult to
length. The structure and structure understand.
author makes length. The and/or length. The author
no errors in author makes The author makes
grammar, a few errors in makes several numerous
mechanics grammar, errors in errors in
and/or mechanics grammar, grammar,
spelling. and/or mechanics mechanics
spelling, but and/or and/or
they do not spelling that spelling that
interfere with interfere with interfere with
understanding. understanding. understanding

Citation Sources were Sources were Sources were No citation was

acknowledged acknowledged acknowledged made.
through in- through in-text only through
text citation citation and in-text citation
and reference reference OR reference
citation with citation but citation with
no error. with minor many errors.
errors

Essay Rubric Adapted from: PDF file. June 16,2020:

http://readwritethink.org/files/resources/printouts/Essay%20Rubric.pdf-
 Let’s Evaluate

Directions: Write T if the statement is True and F if it is False. Write your answers
on the space provided.

1. Intellectual property is anything that is created by the mind and that is

protected by law. ___________
2. Plagiarism is the act of using other’s information by giving credit or
acknowledging them. ________
3. A Citation is a written reference to the source of information you used in your
writing or research. _________
4. Reference Citation is the list of the sources found at the beginning of the
paper. __________
5. In – text Citation is the reference made within the body of the text. _______
6. Informative Essay is written to persuade a target audience about a particular
topic. ________

Directions: Fill-in the blanks with the correct answers.

The APA and MLA citation Styles have two main components:

7. ____________________________________
8. ____________________________________
9. The format of In-text citation is: Author’s last name + __________________
+ page
10. Using a source could either be quoted or ____________________________.

APA Format of Referencing:

11. From a Book: Author’s Last Name, First Name Initial, Middle Name Initial
(Year of Publication). _______________________________, City of Publication,
Abbreviation of state of publication: 12. _________________________________
13.From an Encyclopedia: Last Name, First Name Initial, Middle Name Initial

(_________________________). In Encyclopedia Name. (Volume #, pp.) City,

State: Publisher.
 14. From an Online Article: Author’s Last Name, First Name Initial, Middle

Name Initial (Year, Month Day). ______________________________________

Newspaper/Encyclopedia/Magazine Name, Retrieved from

15. _________

Good job! You have accomplished this module. Please check your answers from the
answer key on the next page.

Let’s Extend

As a student how would you relate this lesson in your daily living? What
manifestations would this be more useful in school activities?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
References

McCombs, S. (2020, February 19). APA vs MLA Style: The key differences.
Accessed June 11, 2020. Retrieved from https://www.scribbr.com/citing-
sources/apa-vs- mla/
Mendeley. (2019). How to Cite Sources in APA Citation Format. Accessed June
11, 2020. https://www.mendeley.com/guides/apa-citation-guide
University of Pittsburgh Library System. (2020, January 18) Citation Styles:
APA 6th Edition. Accessed June 11, 2020. https://pitt.libguides.com/c.php?
g=12108&p=64730

JustBuyEssay.com. “Recommendations on Informative Essay Writing.” Tips on How

to Write an A-grade Informative Essay – JustBuyEssay.com. Accessed June
10, 2020. https://justbuyessay.com/blog/informative-essay.

Chiu, PM. (2020, June 14) Lockdown Blamed for Cases of Violence Against
Women. Inquirer.Net. https://www.cebudailynews.inquirer.net/318083

/lockdown-blamed-for-cases-of-violence-against-women

Magsino, D. (2020, June 14). Briones: Philippine Education Can’t Wait for Covid-19

Vaccine”. GMA News Online. https://www. gmanetwork.com/news/news/

nation/742192/briones-philippine-education-can-t-wait-for-covid-19-vaccine

/story/

Sukhera, J. (2020, June 10). How to Support Kids’ and Teens’ Mental Health
during the Covid-19 Pandemic”. The Conversation.
https://www.theconversation.com/how-to-support-kids-and-teens-mental-
health-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-138475

Essay Rubric.PDF file. June 16,2020

http://readwritethink.org/files/resources/printouts/Essay%20Rubric.pdf-
Key Terms accessed from http://google.com/definitions
 Development Team of the Module
Writer: ALEXANDRA MARIE N. QUINTO
Editors:
Content Evaluator: JOVITO G. PANAGA JR.
Language Evaluator: ALMA ALMEROL
Reviewers: JOVITO G. PANAGA JR. and ALMA ALMEROL
Illustrator: ABIGAIL R. RAMOS
Layout Artist: ABIGAIL R. RAMOS
Management Team: DR. MARGARITO B. MATERUM, SDS
DR. GEORGE P. TIZON, SGOD Chief
DR. ELLERY G. QUINTIA, CID Chief
MR. NOEL T. BALUBAL, EPS- ENGLISH
DR DAISY L. MATAAC, EPS – LRMS/ALS

For inquiries, please write or call:

Schools Division of Taguig city and Pateros Upper Bicutan Taguig City

Telefax: 8384251

Email Address: [email protected]