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Practical 01

The document discusses rotor spinning and compares it to ring spinning. It describes the parts and working principle of the rotor spinning machine. Rotor spinning involves drafting fiber through a feeding roller and opening roller before twist insertion in the rotor. The fiber accumulates in the rotor to form a yarn package. Updates to rotor spinning now allow speeds over 150,000 rpm compared to 30,000 rpm previously, increasing production rates. Rotor spinning is suited to coarser counts than ring spinning but yarns have applications in apparel, household fabrics, and technical fabrics.

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ali hasan
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82 views4 pages

Practical 01

The document discusses rotor spinning and compares it to ring spinning. It describes the parts and working principle of the rotor spinning machine. Rotor spinning involves drafting fiber through a feeding roller and opening roller before twist insertion in the rotor. The fiber accumulates in the rotor to form a yarn package. Updates to rotor spinning now allow speeds over 150,000 rpm compared to 30,000 rpm previously, increasing production rates. Rotor spinning is suited to coarser counts than ring spinning but yarns have applications in apparel, household fabrics, and technical fabrics.

Uploaded by

ali hasan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lab 01

Summary:

I have carried out this experiment in order to understand the diffrent parts and working principal of
rotor spinning but by carrying out this experiment i have also learnt about the difference between the
rotor and ring spun yarn and learnt about the advancement s that has been take place in rotor
spinning system.

Introduction:

It was commercially introduced in 1969. The main reason for rotor spinning to introduce was to
increase the production and to separate the twisting and winding element in yarn manufacturing
process.

The advantages of rotor spun yarn over ring spun yarn are as follows:

1. High production.
2. Full automation involved.
3. Its a combination of roving, ring and winding machine.

Rotor Spinning parts:

1. A feeding roller and a feeding plate.


2. A saw tooth covered roller called opening roller.
3. A tapped tube known as fabric transporting channel.
4. A shallow cup known as rotter with a rotor groove(which is a grove cut into the circumference
at the maximum internal radius referred to as a rotor groove).
5. A flange tube facing the rotor base and co exial to the rotor termed the doffing tube.
6. A pair of delivery roller.
7. Device.

Working principal:

• The input sliver is first opened and drafted by the opening roller.
• The fibres are transported via a tube to the rotor where the fibre strand is subjected to
twist insertion. After twisting, the output yarnThe input sliver is first opened and drafted
by the opening roller.
• The fibres are transported via a tube to the rotor where the fibre strand is subjected to
twist insertion. After twisting, the output yarn is then wound into ‘cheese’ or ‘cone’
packages of the required size
• The input sliver can be a carded or drawn sliver. Generally a drawn sliver is used.
It is then wound into ‘cheese’ or ‘cone’ packages of the required size.

• A sliver may have more than 20,000 fibres in its cross-section.


• This means that a yarn of 100 fibres in a cross-section will require a total draft of 200.
• Drafting in rotor spinning is done using a comber roll mechanical draft is provided
• The comber roll which opens the input sliver which is followed by an air stream (air draft).
• These two( mechanical draft & air draft) operations produce an amount of draft that is high
enough to reduce the 20,000 fibers entering the comber roll down to few fibers.
• he total draft in rotor spinning is, therefore a combination of true draft from the feed roll
to the rotor (in the order of thousands) and a condensation to accumulate the fiber groups
into a fiber ring inside the rotor.
• The total draft ratio is the ratio between the delivery or the take-up speed and the feed
roll speed.
• This should approximately amount to the ratio between the number of fibers in the sliver
cross-section and the number of fibers in the yarn cross-section.
• Every turn of the rotor produces a turn of twist
• centrifugal forces compress the fibres onto the collecting surface of the rotor.
• The fibres are accumulated in layers, forming a fibrous ring inside the rotor until the
number in the cross-section reaches that for the desired yarn count
• The amount of twist (turns per inch) is determined by the ratio between the rotor speed (rpm)
and the take up speed (inch/min).

Discussion:

I want to discuss about the advancements in ring spinning and also want to compare rotor spinning
with ring spinning for better understanding of both technologies.

Comparison between rotor and ring spinning:

Rotor spinning frame is modern spinning system machine.

This machine makes yarn by high drafting from sliver.

The working speed of rotor spinning frame is faster than ring spinning frame.

Usually rotor spinning frame produced lower count yarn.

Basically the raw material of this machine is low quality. Means low grade cotton.

Temperature and moisture of cotton should be controlled to produce yarn by rotor spinning
frame..

Only one drafting system is available on this machine so there are now break draft in this machine.

Twisting and winding process work separately in rotor spinning frame.

Production of rotor spinning frame is more than ring spinning frame.

The ratio of breakage yarn is less than ring spinning frame.

.Advancement s in rotor spinning:

Rotor speeds have increased from around 30,000 rpm to over 150,000 rpdm.

Production rate 200 m/min VS 40 m/min.

The current disadvantage of rotor spinning is the fact that it is limited to coarse and medium yarn
counts (16 tex to 120 tex) while ring spinning excels in the medium to fine counts (finer than 16 tex).

Applications of rotor yarn:

Open end yarns produce different characteristics in the end product. These yarns may be used to
advantage in fabrics where uniformity and a smoother surface are of prime importance.

Open end yarns are used in pile fabrics, apparel, household, industrial and technical applications. Uses
include heavyweight satin and poplins, corduroy, velveteen, rainwear, denims, drills, sheets, pillow
cases, bed spreads, printed fabrics, curtains, window blinds, upholstery, cleaning cloths, dress goods,
underwear, rugs, carpets, blankets, terry towels and diapers.

Conclusion:

In conclusion yarn produced by open end spinning can give advantages Over conventional ring
spinning such as

• Lower power consumption per unit quantity of yarn produced.


• Higher speed of twist insertion resulting in very high yarn delivery speed.
• A significant resulting increase in productivity.
• Larger delivered package size.
• Elimination of some processes such as roving and winding more uniform yarns.

Rotor speeds have increased from around 30,000 rpm to over 150,000 rpm.

Production rate 200 m/min VS 40 m/min.

Twisting and winding mechanism for rotor spinning is different then conventional ring spinning
system.

Yarn produced by rotor spinning can be used in verity of applications such as clothes , pillow cases
and clothes.

I have also learnt the working of different parts if the rotor spinning machine and also compare the
properties of yarn produced by rotor to the ring spun yarn for better conceptual understanding s.

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