Comprehensive Review of Biological Levels of Organization

Levels of Biological
Organization
UNIT THREE, LESSON 3.2
BY MARGIELENE D. JUDAN
LESSON OUTLINE
Levels of Biological Organization
Characteristics of Life
Life is
complex, yet it
is organized.
It is organized like a
complete address:
(ex. Baesa Adventist
Academy, Baesa Road,
Caloocan City, Metro
Manila, Philippines, Asia,
World, Solar System,
Milky Way, Local Group
Clusters, Local Group
Superclusters, Universe)
Biosphere
Ecosystem
Community
(mostly Population
living) Organism
Organ System
Organ
Tissue
Cell
Organelle
Molecule (usually lifeless but essential to
Atom formation of life)
1. Atom
Definition Examples
The smallest Oxygen (O2),
unit of matter Helium (He)
Atom > Molecule > Organelle > Cell > Tissue > Organ >Organ System > Organism
> Population > Community > Ecosystem >Biosphere
2. Molecule
Definition Examples
Group of atoms DNA,
chemically chlorophyll,
bonded water, salt
together
3. Organelle
Definition Examples
Specialized Chloroplast,
part w/in a nucleus,
cell vacuole,
mitochondria
4. Cell
Definition Examples
The basic unit Nerve cell,
of life muscle cell,
plant cell, red
blood cell
5. Tissue
Definition Examples
Group of Muscle tissue,
specialized cells skin tissue
that perform a
specific function
6. Organ
Definition Examples
Group of Heart, brain,
tissues joined liver, skin,
as a unit to kidney
perform a
function
7. Organ System
Definition Examples
Group of Nervous
organs joined system,
as a unit to circulatory
perform a system
function
Atom > Molecule > Organelle > Cell > Tissue > Organ > Organ System > Organism
8. Organism
Definition Examples
A distinct Human,
living thing; snake,
classified into mushroom
unicellular or
multicellular
9. Population
Definition Examples
A group of Coyotes in
organisms of Yosemite Nat.
the same Park, dogs in
species, living
Baesa
in the same
area
10. Community
Definition Examples
The All the
interacting, populations
living (plants,
populations, animals, fungi,
that live in the bacteria) in
same area Yosemite
11. Ecosystem
Definition Examples
A community of The Yosemite
living organisms, community
and their non- plus its energy,
living parts of the
environment
soil, etc.
(energy, soil, etc.)
12. Biosphere or ecosphere
Definition Examples
The zone of life The earth’s
on planet Earth. biosphere (it’s
The sum of all the only
ecosystems on
Earth.
biosphere yet
discovered)
> Population > Community > Ecosystem > Biosphere
How do we
differentiate a
living thing
from a non-
living thing?
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE
1. Chemical or Molecular 6. Excretion
Makeup 7. Definite Form, Size, and
2. Cellular Makeup Lifespan
3. Growth 8. Sensitivity to Stimuli
4. Reproduction 9. Adaptation
5. Metabolism 10.Movement
1. Chemical or Molecular Makeup
All organisms are composed of both organic (ex. DNA) and
inorganic (ex. water, acids, bases, salts) molecules
2. Cellular Makeup
All organisms are composed of cells.
Two kinds of cells:
1. Unicellular or prokaryotic (w/ one cell; ex. bacteria)
2. Multicellular or eukaryotic (w/ many cells; ex. human)
3. Growth
All organisms grow and increase in size and volume due to
nutrients gained from food.
Intussusception is the growth of cells (for living things; ex.
cells dividing)
Accretion is growth without nutrient intake (for non-living
things; ex. growing rock)
4. Reproduction
Organisms make offspring off their own kind.
Reproduction is essential to pass DNA to the offspring.
Sexual reproduction involves union of sex cells
Asexual reproduction does not require union of sex cells. It
is seen in lower forms of life (ex. Sponge, bacteria)
5. Metabolism
Metabolism is the transformation of food to energy or vice
versa.
Organisms are classified as:
1. Autotrophs – have the ability to produce own food (ex.
plants, photosynthetic bacteria, algae)
2. Heterotrophs – cannot produce own food; depend on
other organisms for food (ex. humans, most animals)
6. Excretion
All organisms remove wastes or toxic substances from the
body. (ex. Urination, lungs release CO2)
7. Definite Form, Size, and Lifespan
All organisms have definite size, form, and lifespan.
Ants are small, whales are big, and you cannot expect a
human to be as big as n elephant.
Humans cannot live for 1,000 years like trees.
8. Sensitivity to stimuli
All organisms respond to their environment.
Stimuli are factors that trigger a reaction of living things.
Ex. Makahiya plant closing, plants growing with the
direction of sunlight, a person saying “ouch” upon touching
a hot surface
9. Adaptation
All organisms are able to adapt to their environment.
Ex. Body responds to heat by sweating, birds migrate in
winter, bears sleep throughout winter
10. Movement
All organisms move.
Movement refers to action done by organisms.
Motile organisms can move from one place to another (ex.
jaguar, human)
Nonmotile organisms cannot move from one place to
another (ex. plants, fungi)
Sources:
Science Links 7
http://www.sciencemusicvideos.com/structure-and-
function-levels-of-biological-organization-worksheet/

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