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AKD20503 - 5 Stability Augmentation System

This document discusses stability augmentation in helicopters. It begins with an introduction explaining that helicopters are inherently unstable and require stability augmentation systems (SAS) to provide automatic short-term control to maintain attitude. It then outlines the key components of a SAS, including rate gyros that sense changes in attitude and a leaky integrator that simulates attitude over time. The SAS uses these signals to provide corrective control inputs to actuators to return the helicopter to its datum attitude if disturbed. It notes that SAS can only provide short-term hold and discusses modifications needed when a pilot provides commanded inputs.

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Atiqah Nabilah Razali
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22 views11 pages

AKD20503 - 5 Stability Augmentation System

This document discusses stability augmentation in helicopters. It begins with an introduction explaining that helicopters are inherently unstable and require stability augmentation systems (SAS) to provide automatic short-term control to maintain attitude. It then outlines the key components of a SAS, including rate gyros that sense changes in attitude and a leaky integrator that simulates attitude over time. The SAS uses these signals to provide corrective control inputs to actuators to return the helicopter to its datum attitude if disturbed. It notes that SAS can only provide short-term hold and discusses modifications needed when a pilot provides commanded inputs.

Uploaded by

Atiqah Nabilah Razali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AKD20503

AUTOFLIGHT SYSTEM

Prepared By: Nor Aina Musa


STABILITY
AUGMENTATION IN
HELICOPTER

Prepared By: Nor Aina Musa


TABLE OF CONTENT
• Introduction
• Stability Augmentation in Helicopter

Prepared By: Nor Aina Musa


Upon completion of this subject, students should be able to:
• Identify the concept of Stability Augmentation System for both fixed-
wing and helicopter.

Prepared By: Nor Aina Musa


Introduction
• The conventional helicopter is inherently unstable in pitch and roll.
• To continuously keep the helicopter stable manually would result in pilot fatigue.
• Stability Augmentation System will provide short term automatic control to keep the
helicopter at the required attitude.
• The difference between SAS and Autopilot System is the SAS provides short term
stabilization and the autopilot can actually fly the helicopter and perform certain
functions selected by the pilot.

Prepared By: Nor Aina Musa


Stability Augmentation System
• It provide corrective control input proportional not only to the rate of change of
attitude but also the deviation from a datum attitude.
• The rate gyro is used as the sensor and it output signal is integrated by a leaky
integrator, to simulate an attitude signal that can be used as a datum.
• If the pilot is not maneuvering the helicopter (normal state) the rate gyro provide
signal directly to the computer and through the leaky integrator which produce a
'pseudo' attitude by integrating the rate signal.
• The integrator is called leaky because it does not have long term memory.
• The present attitude signal is compared to that which existed 20 to 30 sec
previously from the integrator.

Prepared By: Nor Aina Musa


Prepared By: Nor Aina Musa
• If the flight path is disturbed, the rate signal produced by
the gyro is used to stop rate, an the leaky integrator
produced an attitude that is different from the attitude
that existed 20-30 sec previously.
• Both error signal are sent to the computer which provide
correction signal to the actuator to move the main rotor,
thus return the helicopter to the datum attitude.
• The leak in integration means that the pseudo attitude
will disappear after a short time and the system will regard the continually updated
new attitude as the datum.
• This system can overcome the problem of nose dropping during a turn by feeding a
derived bank angle signal to the pitch channel and also by comparing the pitch
attitude to the datum attitude.

Prepared By: Nor Aina Musa


• In a steady condition with no disturbance, the SAS will drift off from the desired
condition due to the error in integrating very small signal from the rate gyro.
• SAS can only provide a short term attitude hold.
• To provide a longer term of attitude hold will largely be determine by the
sensitivity of the rate gyro and the time constant of the integrator.

Prepared By: Nor Aina Musa


Pilot Commanded Input
• When pilot provided a commanded input, the
simple rate damping and pseudo attitude hold
will interpret it as disturbance.
• To prevent this; a stick position pickoff or LVDT
sensor is fitted.
• When pilot move the stick, the stick position
pickoff or LVDT sensor will disconnect the
rate gyro signal from the leaky integrator
and remain open until the stick is at datum (trimmed position) and the rate falls
below a preset value normally around 2 deg/sec.
• The rate gyro signal will straight goes to the computer which will not has any
attempt to return the helicopter to the datum existed at the beginning of the
maneuver.

Prepared By: Nor Aina Musa


END

Prepared By: Nor Aina Musa

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