Operating

System
Lab

Presented By:
Abhishek Ghosh
CSE 3rd Year
Roll - 38
Q1.Write a shell program that creates a menu as follows:

i) Show the permission mode of the files in the current directory

ii) Show all the regular files in current directory.
iii) Show all the files with size zero.

clear
echo -e "\t\t\t MAIN MENU"
echo -e "\t\t\t-----------------\n"
echo " 1. Show permission modes of the files in the current directory"
echo " 2. Show all regular files in the current directory"
echo " 3. Show all the files with size zero in the current directory"

echo -e "\nEnter your choice (1-3) : \c"

read choice
echo

case $choice in
1) for file in *
do
if [ -f $file ]
then
ls -l $file|cut -d " " -f1,8
fi
done;;

2) for file in *
do
if [ -f $file ]
then
echo $file
fi
done;;

3) for file in *
do
if [ ! -s $file ]
then
echo $file
fi
done;;

*) echo "wrong input existing";

exit;;
esac

echo
echo
Q2. Using a shell script to find the total no. of words, line and character in a given files created by the
programmer. Check if the file is regular.

clear

echo -e "Enter the filename : \c"

read f
echo

if [ ! -f $f ]
then
echo "Type of file : NON-REGULAR"
echo
echo
exit
fi

echo -e "\tType of file : REGULAR"

echo -e "\tNumber of lines : \c"

wc -l $f | cut -d " " -f1

echo -e "\tNumber of words : \c"

wc -w $f | cut -d " " -f1

echo -e "\tNumber of characters : \c"

wc -c $f | cut -d " " -f1

echo
echo
Q3. Write a shell program to sort a set of numbers read from users using bubble sort.

clear
echo -e "Enter the number of inputs : \c"
read n

echo
echo "Enter the numbers : "

i=0

while [ $i -lt $n ]
do
read arr[$i]
i=`expr $i + 1`
done

i=0

while [ $i -lt `expr $n - 1` ]

do
j=`expr $i + 1`

while [ $j -lt $n ]
do
if [ ${arr[$j]} -lt ${arr[$i]} ]
then
temp=${arr[$j]}
arr[$j]=${arr[$i]}
arr[$i]=$temp
fi

j=`expr $j + 1`
done

i=`expr $i + 1`
done

echo
echo "After sorting, numbers are now in the following sequence : "

i=0

while [ $i -lt $n ]
do
echo -e ${arr[$i]} " \c"
i=`expr $i + 1`
done

echo
echo
Q4. Write a shell script to check whether a string is palindrome or not.

clear

echo -e "Enter a string : \c"

read str

len=` expr $str : '.*' `

strt=1

while [ $len -ge 1 ]

do
echo $str|cut -c $len >m
echo $str|cut -c $strt >n

cmp m n >tmp

if [ -s tmp ]
then
echo
echo "Entered string is not a Palindrome"
exit
fi

len=` expr $len - 1 `

strt=` expr $strt + 1 `
done

echo
echo "Entered string is a Palindrome"
Q5. Write a shell program which will accept a number from the user and check whether it is prime or
not.

clear

echo -e "Enter a number : \c"

read n

if [ $n -eq 1 ]
then
echo "Not a Prime Number"
exit
fi

div=2;

while [ $div -lt $n ]

do
result=`expr $n % $div`

if [ $result -eq 0 ]
then
echo "Not a Prime Number"
exit
fi

div=`expr $div + 1`
done

echo "Prime Number"

Q6. Write a script that will return the number of parameters on the command line.

echo "The number of parameters are :"$#

Q7. Write a program to verify whether a user is authentic or not and if authentic then check logged on
to the system or not and if login then show the time of login.

clear

echo -e "Enter Username : \c"

read unm

grep $unm /etc/passwd > temp

if [ ! -s temp ]
then
echo "Not an Authentic user"
exit
else
echo "Authentic user"

who > temp2

grep $unm temp2 >temp3

if [ -s temp3 ]
then
echo "User is logged in"
echo -e "Time of logging is : \c"
cut -d "-" -f3 temp3|cut -d " " -f2
else
echo "User is not logged in:"
fi

fi
Q8. Write shell script using for loop to print the following patterns on screen
1
22
333
4444
55555

clear

echo -e "Enter the number : \c"

read n

i=0

while [ $i -lt $n ]
do
j=0

while [ $j -lt `expr $n - $i` ]

do
echo -e " "'\c'
j=`expr $j + 1`
done

k=0

while [ $k -le $i ]
do
echo -e `expr $i + 1`" "'\c'
k=`expr $k + 1`
done

echo " "

i=`expr $i + 1`
done
Q9. Write a shell script to print a given number in reverse order e.g. if the number is 143, it must be
printed as 341.

clear

echo -e "Enter number : \c"

read n

echo
echo -e "Reverse of the number is : \c"

while [ `expr $n / 10` -ne 0 ]

do
echo -e `expr $n % 10`'\c'
n=`expr $n / 10`
done

echo -e `expr $n % 10`

Q10. Write a LINUX shell script that will find all files in subdirectories and covert them to lowercase.

for i in *
do
if [ -d $i ]
then
cd $i
for j in *
do
bash ~/oslab/q10.sh
k=`echo $j | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]'`

if [ $j != $k ]
then
if [ ! -d $j ]
then
mv $j $k
fi
fi
done
cd ..
fi
done
Q11. Write a C program to create the orphan processes.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h> //for exit()

int main()
{
int p;

p=fork();

if(p==-1)
{
printf("Error");
exit(0);
}

if(p>0)
{
printf(" This is the Parent Process, PID=%d and PPID=
%d\n",getpid(),getppid());
printf(" Parent Process Terminating....\n");
}
else
{
printf(" This is the Child Process, PID=%d and PPID=
%d\n",getpid(),getppid());

sleep(5);

printf("\n This is the Child Process Again, PID=%d, but PPID=%d

now\n",getpid(),getppid());
printf(" This is because my Parent terminated, so I am an orphan
process, thats why INIT() process adopted me..\n");
printf( " Child Process Terminating....");
}

return(0);
}
Q12. Write a C program to create a Zombie Process.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h> //for exit()

int main()
{
int p;

p=fork();

if(p==-1)
{
printf("Error");
exit(0);
}

if(p>0)
{
printf(" This is the Parent Process, PID=%d and PPID=
%d\n",getpid(),getppid());
printf(" Parent Process : \"I will be Alive for next 5 seconds\"\n");

sleep(5);

printf("\n This is Parent Process Again...\n");

printf(" Parent Process : \"Before terminating, I will seek for status
of all Child Processes. Thus relieving them from Zombie state\"\n");
printf(" Parent Process Terminating....\n");
}
else
{
printf(" This is the Child Process, PID=%d and PPID=
%d\n",getpid(),getppid());
printf(" Child Process : \"I will be become a Zombie process after
terminating untill Parent Process again seeks to know my status\"\n");
printf( " Child Process Terminating....");
}

return(0);
}
Q13. Write a C program which shows the multitasking capabilities of your Operating System.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h> //for exit()

int main()
{
int p;

printf(" Parent Process prints : \"PARENT\" on the screen\n");

printf(" Child Process prints : \"CHILD\" on the screen\n\n");
printf(" Its will be clear from the pattern below that the Parent and Child
Processes are being executed in a multasking fashion..\n\n");
sleep(2);
printf(" Starting the PARENT and CHILD Processes....\n\n");
sleep(1);

p=fork();

if(p==-1)
{
printf("Error");
exit(0);
}

if(p>0)
{
int i;
for(i=0;i<100;i++)
{
printf("\n PARENT \n");
sleep(1);
}
}
else
{
int j;
for(j=0;j<100;j++)
{
printf("\n CHILD \n");
sleep(1);
}
}

return(0);
}
Q14. Write a C code to implement how a process communicates with other processes using the concept
of piping.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h> //for exit()

int main()
{
int k,p[2];
char *msg="Hello How R U ?";
char buff[16];

printf(" Creating a PIPE ...\n\n");

sleep(1);

pipe(p);

printf(" PIPE Created.\n\n");

k=fork();

if(k==-1)
{
printf("Error");
exit(0);
}

if(k>0)
{
printf(" Parent Process : Writting to one end of the PIPE....\n\n");

write(p[1],msg,16);

printf(" Message Written to the PIPE : \"%s\"\n\n",msg);

}
else
{
sleep(5);
printf(" \n\n Child Process : Reading from the other end of the
PIPE....\n\n");

read(p[0],buff,16);

printf(" Message Read from the PIPE : \"%s\"\n\n",buff);

return(0);
}
Q15. Implement the single producer single consumer problem.

/*Q.15 Implement single producer_single consumer problem in operating system using

semaphore variable.*/

/* Producer-Consumer Problem Using Semaphore and Shared Memory */

#include <unpipc.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/sem.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>

#define NUM_ELEM 10
#define SEM_EMPTY 0
#define SEM_FULL 1

union semun{
int val;
struct semid_ds *buf;
ushort *array;
};
int main()
{
int rc,Pid,SemID,ShmID,Status,i;
char elem;
union semun Mysemun;
struct sembuf WaitEmpty ={SEM_EMPTY, -1, SEM_UNDO};
struct sembuf SignalEmpty={SEM_EMPTY, 1, IPC_NOWAIT};
struct sembuf WaitFull ={SEM_FULL, -1, SEM_UNDO};
struct sembuf SignalFull ={SEM_FULL, 1, IPC_NOWAIT};
struct shmid_ds Myshmid_ds;

void *ShmPtr;
SemID=semget(IPC_PRIVATE,2,0666|IPC_CREAT);
Mysemun.val=NUM_ELEM;
semctl(SemID,SEM_EMPTY,SETVAL,Mysemun);
Mysemun.val=0;
semctl(SemID,SEM_FULL,SETVAL,Mysemun);
ShmID=shmget(IPC_PRIVATE,NUM_ELEM,0666|IPC_CREAT);

Pid=fork();

if(Pid==0)
{
ShmPtr=shmat(ShmID,0,SHM_R);

for(i=0;i<26;i++)
{
semop(SemID,&WaitFull,1);
elem=*((char *)ShmPtr + (i%NUM_ELEM));
printf(" CONSUMED ELEMET'%c'\n",elem);
sleep(1);
semop(SemID,&SignalEmpty,1);
}
exit(0);
}
else
{
ShmPtr=shmat(ShmID,0,SHM_W);
 for(i=0;i<26;i++)
{
semop(SemID,&WaitEmpty,1);
elem='a'+i;
printf("PRODUCED ELEMENT'%c'\n ",elem);
sleep(1);
*((char *)ShmPtr + (i%NUM_ELEM))=elem;
semop(SemID,&SignalFull,1);
}
}

wait(&Status);
shmctl(ShmID,IPC_RMID,&Myshmid_ds);
semctl(SemID,SEM_EMPTY,IPC_RMID,Mysemun);
exit(0);
}