A wagon is moving uphill, then which of the following interpretation is correct for this

case?

A) Pole lies on positive sigma axis of S-plane

B) Pole lies on negative sigma axis of S-plane

C) Pole lies on positive imaginary axis of S-plane

D) Pole lies on negative imaginary axis of S-plane

ANSWER: B

Location of poles in _____ plane affects the stability?

A) jw imaginary axis

B) S plane

C) +ive S plane

D) -ive S plane

E) Both option 1 & 2

ANSWER: B

What do we mean by the stability of a system?

A) Â Small changes in the system input does not result in large change in system output.

B) Small changes in the system parameters does not result in large change in system
output.

C) Small changes in the initial conditions does not result in large change in system
output

D) all of the above.

ANSWER: D

1)-If there are repeated roots on the jω axis, the system is actually

A) Unstable

B) Sable

C) Partially stable
D) May be stable or Unstable

ANSWER: A

2)-Condition for stability of a system having following equation is

Ax3 + Bx2 – Cx – 2=0

A) BC<AD

B) BC>AD

C) BC=AD

D) BC-AD=0

ANSWER: B

3)-The Gain of system should be decreased to make the system

A) Stable

B) Marginally Stable

C) Unstable

D) Linear

ANSWER: A

4)-If there is no sign change in first column and one row of zero occurs then system is said to be

A) Stable

B) Unstable

C) Marginally Stable

D) None

ANSWER: C

5)-In R-H array all element of row have zero value. It indicates

A) imaginary roots

B) only one root at origin

C) only positive real roots

D) only negative real roots

ANSWER: A

The Routh-Hurwitz criterion can only be applied to the characteristic equation if:

A) All coefficients have alternative signs and there are no missing terms.

B) All coefficients have same sign but missing terms.

C) All coefficients have same sign and no missing terms.

D) None.

ANSWER: C

W.r.t inverted pendulum mechanism, system will be stable when all parameters:

A) Parameters (m, l, v, x) > 0

B) Parameters (m, l, v, x) = 0

C) Parameters (m, l, v, x) < 0

ANSWER: A

The characteristic equation for a system is 5

s +s4+2s3+2s2+3s+15=0
The system is said to be:

A) Unstable

B) Stable

C) Marginally stable

D) None

ANSWER: B

Which of the following techniques is utilized to determine at the actual point at which the root locus crosses the imaginary axis?

A) Nyquist technique

B) Routh-Hurwitz technique

C) Nichol’s technique

D) Bode technique

ANSWER: B

First column elements of the Routh’s tabulation are 3, 5, -3/4, ½, 2. It means that there are:

A) Is one root in the left half of s-plane

B) Are two roots in the left half of s-plane

C) Are two roots in the right half of the s-plane

D) Is one root in the right half of s-plane

ANSWER: C

For the case in which there is a complete row of zeros in Ruth Hurwitz Criterion, then which is
correct

A) Use epsilon

B) Find Auxilary equation differentiate it w.r.t s, and the put it in place of zero
C) Locate Auxilary equation and equate it to zero

D) Ruth Hurwitz is not useful in this scenario

ANSWER: B

In Routh Hurwitz, we don't need to

A) Solve the characteristics equation

B) Find the roots

C) Locate poles and zeros

D) All options are correct

ANSWER:D

Select the incorrect one by Routh Hurwitz

A) It is only applicable to linear systems

B) Does not applicable when roots are complex

C) It cannot differentiate between real and complex roots

D) It can give us the value of the roots of the equation

ANSWER: D

While doing stability analysis via the Routh Hurwitz method that includes different k and other
coefficients, you want to increase the stability then which statement is correct (after the solution)

A) Use S-plane

B) All values will be under consideration

C) Only values with epsilon will be under consideration

D) The values in this first column will be under consideration

ANSWER: D

Which is the best and easy method to solve the values involving epsilon in the Routh Hurwitz
criterion.

A) Find the derivative of the equation

B) Equate it by putting the value equal to zero

C) By solving it when (limit) epsilon approaches zero

D) By finding roots
ANSWER: C

Let us assume the Characteristic Equation to be s5+s4 +2s3 +2s2 +11s+10=0, We have to determine
either the system is?

A) Stable

B) Marginally stable

C) Unstable

D) None of the mentioned

ANSWER: B

For what value of K will be the system having equation of s4+3s3+5s2 +6s+k+10=0, will be stable?

A) K>5

B) -10<K

C) K>-4

D) -10<K<-4

ANSWER: D

The characteristic equation of a system will be 3s 4+10s3+5s2 +2=0. What would be the condition of
the system?

A) Stable

B) Marginally stable

C) Unstable

D) Linear

ANSWER: C

The technique we have studied in the lecture was Routh Hurwitz criterion and it would give the
roots in which plan mostly?

A) Number of roots in the right half of the s-plane

B) Value of the roots

C) Number of roots in the left half of the s-plane

D) Number of roots in the top half of the s-plane

ANSWER: A

For what scenario we say that the given polynomial is Routh Hurwitz or not?

A) The roots of function have real parts that are to be zero/negative

B) All zeros lie in the right half of the s-plane

C) The function is not real

D) None of these

ANSWER: A

A system described by the transfer function:

G(s) = 1/(s^3+αs^2+Ks+3) is stable. The constraints on α and K are

A) α>0,αK<3

B) α>0,αK>3

C) α<0,αK<3

D) α<0,αK>3

ANSWER: B

If sign changes in a characteristic equation, then the system will be.

A) System is stable

B) System is unstable

C) System is neutral

D) None of these

ANSWER: B

The given characteristics equation s^4+s^3+2s^2+2s+3=0 has:

A) Zero root in the s-plane

B) One root in the RHS of s-plane

C) Two roots in the RHS of s-plane

D) Three roots in the RHS of s-plane

ANSWER: C

The characteristic equation of a control system is given by s^6+2s^5+8s^4+12s^3+20s^2+16s+16=0.

The number of the roots of the equation which lie on the imaginary axis of s-plane:

A) 4

B) 0

C) 3

D) None of these

ANSWER: A

The necessary condition for the stability of the linear system is that all the coefficients of
characteristic equation 1+G(s)H(s) =0, be real and have the:

A) Positive sign
B) Negative sign

C) Same sign

D) Both positive & negative sign

ANSWER: C

The system having characteristic equation s 5+3s4+s3+3s2+s+3=0 is a

A) Stable system

B) Unstable System

C) Partially Stable System

D) Neutral System

ANSWER: B

Which statement is correct with reference to Routh Hurwitz criterion:

A) It gives gain and phase margin and absolutely stability

B) It gives the number of roots lying in RHS of the s-plane and gives gain and phase margin

C) It gives the number of roots lying in RHS of the s-plane, absolutely stability, and gain and phase
margin

D) It just tells about system absolutely stability

ANSWER: C

A system having characteristic equation +4s 4+5s3+9s2+6s+0=0 is a

A) Stable system

B) Unstable System

C) Partially Stable System

D) Neutral System

ANSWER: A

A system has a characteristic equation +5s 4 +8s3+Ms2+6s+5=0, for what value of M, the system will be
stable?

A)5

B)11

C)6

D)3

Answer: B

The first column of routh array is (2 2 4 0) and the 2nd column of routh array is (2 -5 0 3), then the
system is
A) Stable system

B) Unstable System

C) Partially Stable System

D) Neutral System

ANSWER: A

Which of the test signals are best utilized by the stability analysis?

A) Step

B) Ramp

C) Impulse

D) Parabolic

ANSWER: C

For making an unstable system stable:

A) The number of poles to the loop transfer function should be increase d

B) Gain of the system should be increased

C) The number of zeroes to the loop transfer function should be increased

D) Gain of the system should be decreased

ANSWER: D

Routh Hurwitz criterion cannot be applied when the the characteristic equation of the system
containing coefficient’s which is/are:

A) Complex

B) Exponential and sinusoidal function of s and complex

C) Exponential function of s

D) Sinusoidal function of s

ANSWER: B

Routh Hurwitz criterion gives:

a) Number of roots in the right half of the s-plane

b) Value of the roots

c) Number of roots in the left half of the s-plane

d) Number of roots in the top half of the s-plane

ANSWER: A

Consider the following statement regarding Routh Hurwitz criterion:

a) It gives absolute stability

b) It gives gain and phase margin

c) It gives the number of roots lying in RHS of the s-plane

d) It gives gain, phase margin and number of roots lying in RHS of the s-plane

ANSWER: D

Routh-Hurwitz criteria can be applied for systems whose characteristic equation has ------------ Co-
efficient

A) Only real

B) Only imaginary

C) Both real and imaginary

Answer: A

Using Routh-Hurwitz criteria, what you can say about the stability of system having characteristic
equation given below:

s^4+3.s^3+3.s^2+2s+1=0
A) Stable

B) Unstable

C) Marginally Stable

D) This criteria can not be applied on this system

Answer: A

While applying Routh-Hurwitz criteria, if any of the row becomes totally zero, what does this
indicates ?

A) Location of roots is symmetrical

B) Location of roots is asymmetrical

C) System is stable

D) Non of these

Answer: B

First column of Routh Array is 3, 5, -7, 4, -2. Then the number of roots on the left half of s-plane in
this case ?

A) 1

B) 2

C) 3

D) 4
Answer: C

The order of auxiliary polynomial is always:

A) Odd

B) Even

C)Can be even or odd

Answer: B

If we put 0 in place of a missing term in Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion then what is the effect on
the result?

A) No effect on the result

B) we will get an inaccurate result

C) Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion is not applicable

D) None of these

ANSWER: C

Which of the statement is true about Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion?

A) It is applicable for exponential system

B) It is not valid for the real coefficient in the characteristic equation

C) It provides the exact location of poles in s-plane

D) It is applicable for linear system

ANSWER: D

If the Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion show 3 signs of change then which one is correct?

A) System is stable

B) System has 3 roots in right half-plane

C) System is unstable

D) System has 3 roots in right half-plane and System is unstable

ANSWER: D

This characteristics equation S4+s3 +2s2+2s+3 has

A) Zero roots in RHS of S-plane

B) Two roots in RHS of S-plane

C) One root in RHS of S-plane

D) None of these

ANSWER: B

If the 2nd row in the Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion table becomes zero then which statement is
correct?

A) Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion is not applicable

B) System should be stable

C) By auxiliary equation we can find the other entries

D) System should be Unstable

ANSWER: C

Using Routh’s criteria, the number of roots in characteristics equation 6s3 + 3s2 + s +1=0 are.

A) One in left half plane.

B) One in right half plane.

C) Two in right half plane.

D) Two in left half plane.

ANSWER: C

Consider a characteristic equation x4 + 2x3 + 3x2 + 2x + t + 9. The condition for stability is.

A)-9 < t < -7

B)9 < t < -7

C)-9 < t < 7

D)9 < t < 7

ANSWER: A

In equation s3 + 2s2 + s +8 = 0. What is the value of s1 after applying Routh-Hurwitz criterion?

A) 3

B)-3

C) 0

D) 8

ANSWER: B

How many sign changes are involved in 4s3 + 3s2 + 2s + 4 = 0

A) 0 in R.H.P

B) 1 in R.H.P

C) 1 in L.H.P

D) 0 in L.H.P

ANSWER: A

After applying Routh-Hurwitz criteria on the following negative unity feedback system

G(s)= 4s3 + 4s2 + s + 1. The system is.

After applying Routh-Hurwitz criterion on the negative unity feed back system G(s) = 4s^3 + 4s^2 + s
+1. The system is

A) Stable

B) Unstable

C) Marginally stable

D) None.

ANSWER: B

[6/26, 3:34 PM] Zohaib: We can apply Routh Hurwitz criterion on a characteristic equation when

A) All the coefficients of equation have same sign

B) There is no missing term in equation

C) All the coefficients of equation have same sign as well as there is no missing term in equation

D) None of above

ANSWER: C

After applying Routh Hurwitz criterion on a characteristic equation, when all the elements of Routh
column have same sign then the system is

A) Stable
B) Unstable

C) Neutral

D) All of above

ANSWER: A

If a system is unstable then the elements of Routh column will have

A) Positive sign

B) Negative Sign

C) Both positive and negative sign

D) None of above

ANSWER: C

While forming a Routh array, the situation of a zeros of row indicates that the system

A) Has asymmetrically located roots

B) Is intensive to variation in gain

C) Is stable

D) Has symmetrically located roots

ANSWER: A
The order of the auxiliary polynomial is always

A) Even

B) Odd

C) May be even or odd

D) None of the mentioned

ANSWER: A

[6/26, 3:35 PM] Zohaib: For three number of roots with +ve real part, the no. of sign changes in
Routh Hurwitz column will b.

A) 0

B) 1

C) 2

D) 3

ANSWER: D

For stable system by Routh Hurwitz criterion, No. of sign changes will be.

A) 3

B) 2
C) 1

D) 0

ANSWER: D

The system with mathematical model equation (F-Cv-Kx-ma=0) having damping force zero, by Routh
Hurwitz criterion roots of the equation, will be.

A) 1

B) 2

C) 3

D) not applicable

ANSWER: D

E.g. the fourth row of the Routh column with zeroes, will be equal to the derivative of row.

A) below

B) above

C) first
D) second

ANSWER: B

In the case of the characteristics equation, the Routh Hurwitz criterion is valid for

A) only real coefficient

B) only imaginary coefficient

C) both real and imaginary coefficient

ANSWER: A

[6/26, 3:36 PM] Zohaib: Routh Hurwitz criterion gives:

A) Number of roots in the right half of the s-plane

B) Value of the roots

C) Number of roots in the left half of the s-plane

D) Number of roots in the top half of the s-plane

ANSWER: A

The characteristic equation of a system is given as 3s4+10s3+5s2+2=0. This system is:

A) Stable

B) Marginally stable

C) Unstable

D) Linear

ANSWER: C

Routh-Hurwitz criterion is only valid for real coefficients of the characteristic equation:

A) True

B) False

C) Can be true or false

D) None of these

ANSWER: A

Which of the test signals are best utilized by the stability analysis:

A) Impulse

B) Step
C) Ramp

D) Parabolic

ANSWER: A

A point lies on the upper half of the jw axis, it shows that:

A) System is stable

B) System is unstable

C) System is marginally stable

D) None of these

ANSWER: C

[6/26, 3:37 PM] Zohaib: The first column of the Routh array is given below:

s3 4

s2 2

s -5

s0 17/5

How many real positive parts does the system have?

A) 1

B) 2

C) 3

D) 4

ANSWER: A

The system has the following polynomial

s5+2s4+3s3+4s2=5

According to Routh-Hurwitz Criteria, What is the number of the roots in the right half s-plane and
the imaginary axis respectively?

A) 1,1

B) 2,3

C) Not possible to determine

D) 3,1

ANSWER: C

Consider the following polynomial

4s3+3s2+s+8=0

how many routes are in the right half of s plane?

A) 2

B) 3

C) 1

D) 0

ANSWER: C
We can apply Routh-Hurwitz to only

A) Linear Time-Variant System

B) Polynomial containing coefficient with exponents

C) Non-Linear Time invariant

D)Linear Time-Invariant system

Answer: D

The transfer Function of a system is given by

TF=12s2+s+4

What about the stability of the system

A) Stable System

B) Unstable system

C) Marginally stable

D) Can't Detremine

[6/26, 3:37 PM] Zohaib: If body doesn't recover its initial position but its center of gravity remains
same with respect to ground then the body is?

A) Stable

B) Neutral

C) Unstable

D) None of these

ANSWER: B

Bigger positive value of real root means?

A) System gets stable quickly

B) System gets stable slowly

C) System gets unstable quickly

D) System gets unstable slowly

ANSWER: C

If system comes to at rest after application of external force then root lies on?

A) Left half plane

B) Right half plane

C) Positive vertical axis

D) Negative vertical axis

ANSWER: A

If vibration of a system is increased by applying external force then its pole lies on?

A) Left half plane

B) Right half plane

C) Negative horizontal axis

D) Vertical axis
ANSWER: B

If we increase value of imaginary root then which of the following will be increased?

A) Amplitude

B) Time period

C) Stability

D) Frequency

ANSWER: D

[6/26, 3:38 PM] Bailal C1: The conditions for stability are:

A) All the coefficients of the characteristic equation have the same sign.

B) There is no missing term in the characteristic equation.

C) No sign changes in the first column of the Routh Array.

D) Both options A and B.

Answer: C

A system is stable if:

A) A sign change occurs in the first column of the Routh Array.

B) A sign change does not occur in the first column of the Routh Array.
C) There are no zeros in the first column of the Routh Array.

D) None of the Above

Answer: B

According to the lecture, Routh-Hurwitz Criterion tells us that the given system is:

A) Stable

B) Unstable

C) Marginally Stable

D) Both options A and B.

Answer: D

For a system to be stable, all the elements in the first column of Routh Array should be:

A) Greater than zero.

B) Equal to zero.

C) Less than zero.

D) None of the above.

Answer: A
What is the significance of the Routh-Hurwitz Criterion?

A) It can help us check the stability of higher order characteristic equations.

B) It is a sure test of the stability of the system.

C) It can tell us the exact number of the roots of the characteristic equation.

D) Both options A and B.

Answer: D

[6/26, 3:39 PM] Zohaib: A) Number of roots in the right half of the s-plan

B) Value of the roots

C) Number of roots in the left half of the s-plane

D) Number of roots in the top half of the s-plane

ANSWER: A

The order of the auxiliary polynomial is always:

A) Even

B) Odd

C) May be even or odd

D) Rational

ANSWER: A

Which of the test signals are best utilized by the stability analysis?

A) Impulse

B) Step

C) Ramp

D) Parabolic

ANSWER: A

If there are no sign changes in the array of Routh column then,

A) System is unstable

B) System is stable

C) System is partially stable

D) System is non linear

ANSWER: B
If there are three sign changes in Routh array then system is:

A) Stable with three poles in the right half plane

B) Unstable with three poles in the left half plane

C) Stable with three poles in the left half plane

D) Unstable with three poles in the right half plane

ANSWER: D

[6/26, 3:39 PM] Bailal C1: What is the purpose of an Auxiliary Polynomial in Routh-Hurwitz Criterion?

A) Finding solution for an unstable system

B) Finding solution for system containing a whole row of zeroes

C) Finding solution for a system which contains imaginary terms

D) Finding solution for a non-linear system

ANSWER: B

Which of the following is incorrect for Routh Hurwitz Criterion?

A) It can determine the stability range for a particular system

B) It can be applied on a non-linear time variant control system

C) It can find the intersection point for root locus with an imaginary axis

D) It requires the sign of each term in polynomial to be same

ANSWER: B

What is the physical meaning of having a whole zero row in Routh array?

A) The roots of the characteristic equation lie on top half of S-plane

B) The roots of the characteristic equation lie on the left half of S-plane

C) The roots of the characteristic equation lie on the right half of S-plane

D) There roots of characteristic equation are lie symmetrically in S-plane

ANSWER: D

What does a whole row of zeroes in a Routh Array indicate physically in a system?

A) Unstable system

B) Stable system
C) Marginal stable system

D) Static system

ANSWER: C

For which of the coefficients in a characteristic equation, Routh-Hurwitz criterion is not applicable?

A) Complex coefficients

B) Sinusoidal coefficients

C) Exponential coefficients

D) All of these

ANSWER: D

[6/26, 3:40 PM] Zohaib: Routh Hurwitz criterion gives:

A) Number of roots in the right half of the s-plan

B) Value of the roots

C) Number of roots in the left half of the s-plane

D) Number of roots in the top half of the s-plane

ANSWER: A
The order of the auxiliary polynomial is always:

A) Even

B) Odd

C) May be even or odd

D) Rational

ANSWER: A

Which of the test signals are best utilized by the stability analysis?

A) Impulse

B) Step

C) Ramp

D) Parabolic

ANSWER: A

If there are no sign changes in the array of Routh column then,

A) System is unstable

B) System is stable

C) System is partially stable

D) System is non linear

ANSWER: B

If there are three sign changes in Routh array then system is:

A) Stable with three poles in the right half plane

B) Unstable with three poles in the left half plane

C) Stable with three poles in the left half plane

D) Unstable with three poles in the right half plane

ANSWER: D

[6/26, 3:40 PM] Bailal C1: The number of roots in the open right half-plane is equal to:-

A)the number of sign changes

in the first column of Routh array

B)the number of sign changes

in the second column of Routh array

C)the number of sign changes

in the third column of Routh array

D)the number of sign changes

in the fourth column of Routh array

ANSWER : A

If zero row appears in Routh array, it means:-

A)Q has roots neither in real axis nor in imaginary.

B)Q has roots on imaginary axis.

C)Q has roots either on the imaginary axis

or in RHP.

D) All of above.

ANSWER : C

No sign changes in the first column means :-

A) No roots in RHP but some on imaginary axis.

B) No roots in LHP but some on imaginary axis.

C) No roots in RHP but some on real axis.

D) None of above.
ANSWER : A

No need to explicitly compute roots of the polynomial.

A) True.

B) False

C) Both

D) None.

ANSWER : A

Is Exponential functions (delay) cannot be dealt with Routh-Hurwitz criterion ?

A) True.

B) False

C) Both

D) None.

ANSWER : A

[6/26, 3:40 PM] Zohaib: Routh Hurwitz criterion cannot be applied when the coefficients of the
characteristic equation of the system contain?

A) Exponential (delay) function of S

B) Sinusoidal function of S

C) Complex Number

D) Exponential and Sinusoidal function of S and complex Number

ANSWER: D

The characteristic equation of a system is s4 + 2s3 + 3s2 + 4s + 5 = 0. What is the number of roots
with positive real part ?

A) 0

B) 1

C) 2

D) 3

ANSWER: C

The Routh’s stability criterion provides information about the ___ stability of the system.

A) absolute

B) relative.

C) partial

D) all of these
ANSWER: A

In the Routh Hurwitz array, all elements of the row have zero value. It means.

A) imaginary roots

B) only one root at the origin

C) only positive real roots

D) only negative real roots

ANSWER: A

Using Routh's criterion, the number of roots in the right half s-plane for the characteristic Equation
s3 + 5s2 + 7s + 3= 0

A) 4

B) 1

C) 2

D) 3

ANSWER: D

[6/26, 3:40 PM] Bailal C1: Which is correct about Routh Hurwitz criteria?

A) RH criteria is applicable only to static systems

B) RH criteria is applicable only to Linear systems

C) RH criteria is applicable only to non-Linear systems

D) RH criteria is applicable to both Linear systems and Non-Linear systems

ANSWER: B

When the complete row in the Routh array is zero then the system will be:

A) Stable system

B) Non-Linear system

C) Marginally stable system

D) Both stable and marginally stable system

ANSWER: C

How many roots are lying in Left hand side of s-plane for a given characteristics equation?

s3+s2+3s+5=0

A) 1

B) 2

C) 3

D) 0
ANSWER: A

Identify the condition of stability for given characteristics equation?

s4+5s3+5s2+4s+k=0

A) k=4

B) k=3.38

C) 0<k<3.36

D) 3.36<k<4

ANSWER: C

When the complete row in the Routh array is zero then the poles will be:

A) Asymmetrical poles equals to order of Auxiliary equation

B) Symmetrical poles equals to order of Auxiliary equation

C) Both Symmetrical and Asymmetrical poles

D) Symmetrical poles equals to order of Characteristics equation

ANSWER: B

[6/26, 3:41 PM] Bailal C1: Roots with higher multiplicity on the imaginary axis make the system?

A) Absolutely stable
B) Unstable

C) Linear

D) Stable

Answer: B

Roots on the imaginary axis make the system?

A) Stable

B) Unstable

C) Marginally stable

D) Linear

Answer: C

Roots with higher multiplicity on the imaginary axis make the system?

A) Absolutely stable

B) Unstable

C) Linear

D) Stable

Answer: B

A linear system can be classified as :

A) Absolutely stable

B) Conditionally stable

C) Unstable

D) All of the mentioned

Answer: D

The linear mathematical model applies to :

A) Linear systems

B) Stable systems

C) Unstable systems

D) Non-linear systems

Answer: B

The stability of a system implies that :

A) Small changes in the system input does not result in a large change in system output

B) Small changes in the system parameters does not result in a large change in system output

C) Small changes in the initial conditions do not result in a large change in system output
D) All of the above mentioned

Answer: D

Which of the following techniques is utilized to determine at the actual point at which the root locus
crosses the imaginary axis?

A) Nyquist technique

B) Routh-Hurwitz technique

C) Nichol’s technique

D) Bode technique

Answer: B

Consider the following statements:

Routh-Hurwitz criterion gives:

1. Absolute stability

2. The number of roots lying on the right half of the s-plane

3. The gain margin and the phase margin

A) 1,2 and3

B) 1 and 2

C) 2 and 3
D) 1 and 3

Answer: B

Bounded input and Bounded output stability notion concern with :

A) A system under influence of input

B) A system not under influence of input

C) A system under influence of output

D) A system not under influence of output

Answer: A

If a system is given unbounded input then the system is:

A) Stable

B) Unstable

C) Not defined

D) Linear

Answer: C

[6/26, 3:41 PM] Zohaib: The order of the auxiliary polynomial is always:

A) Even

B) Odd
C) May be even or odd

D) None of the mentioned

Answer: A

The given characteristic equation s4+s3+2s2+2s+3=0 has:

A) Zero root in the s-plane

B) One root in the RHS of s-plane

C)Two root in the RHS of s-plane

D) Three root in the RHS of s-plane

Answer C

Asymptotic stability is concerned with:

A) A system under influence of input

B) A system not under influence of input

C) A system under influence of output

D) A system not under influence of output

Answer B

While forming a Routh array, the situation of a row of zeros indicates that a system

A) Has asymmetrically located roots

B) is insensitive to variation in gain

C) is stable
D)Has symmetrically located roots

Answer A

The Routh-Hurwitz criterion cannot be applied when the characteristic equation of the system
contains any coefficients which is :

a) Negative real and exponential function

b) Negative real, both exponential and sinusoidal function of s

c) Both exponential and sinusoidal function of s

d) Complex, both exponential and sinusoidal function of s

Answer B

[6/26, 3:42 PM] Bailal C1: If we put 0 in place of a missing term in Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion
then what is the effect on the result?

A) No effect on the result

B) we will get an inaccurate result

C) Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion is not applicable

D) None of these

ANSWER: C

Which of the statement is true about Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion?

A) It is applicable for exponential system

B) It is not valid for the real coefficient in the characteristic equation

C) It provides the exact location of poles in s-plane

D) It is applicable for linear system

ANSWER: D

If the Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion show 3 signs of change then which one is correct?

A) System is stable

B) System has 3 roots in right half-plane

C) System is unstable

D) System has 3 roots in right half-plane and System is unstable

ANSWER: D

This characteristics equation S4+s3+2s2+2s+3 has

A) Zero roots in RHS of S-plane

B) Two roots in RHS of S-plane

C) One root in RHS of S-plane

D) None of these

ANSWER: B

If the 2nd row in the Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion table becomes zero then which statement is
correct?

A) Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion is not applicable

B) System should be stable

C) By auxiliary equation we can find the other entries

D) System should be Unstable

ANSWER: C

[6/26, 3:42 PM] Bailal C1: Let suppose we have characteristic equation 2s4 + 3s3 +3s2 + 4s + 1=0.
Find correct elements of Routh column:

A) 2,4,1/4

B) 2,3,1/3

C) 2,3,3

D) 2,3,1/4

ANSWER: B
We are given characteristic equation of power up to 5. Which column would be Routh column?

A) 1st

B) 2nd

C) 3rd

ANSWER: A

We use Routh Hurwitz criteria for which unique characteristic it gives about any system?

A) No of Roots

B) Stability

C) Phase & Gain

D) All of above

ANSWER: D

Which Column must have same sign while applying Routh Hurwitz Criteria?

A) 1st

B) 2nd

C) 3rd
D) Not necessarily needed

ANSWER: A

We are given equation S3 + 2Ks2 + (k+2) S + 4 = 0. What can we say about stability of system?

A) Stable for all values of k

B) Stable for values k> .73

c) Stable for values k< .73

D) Unstable for all values ok k

ANSWER: B

[6/26, 3:43 PM] Bailal C1: Apply the Routh-Hurwitz criterion to check the stability of a system whose
Routh-Herwitz table is given below

S4 1 3 12

S3 3 3 0

S2 2 12 0

S1 0 0 0

S0 - - -

A) Stable

B) Unstable

C) Neutral

D) Incomplete data (can not predict with given information)

ANSWER: B

The transfer function of a system is given below

T(S)=11S3+10s2+31S+1030

What is the number of roots in the right-half plane?

A) 2

B) 0

C) 3

D) 1

ANSWER: A

An auxiliary polynomial has an order:

A) Odd

B) Even

C) A negative odd number

D) Either odd or even

ANSWER: B
The first column of the Routh Table has values 9, 7, 12, -9,-11, 13. It shows there are

A) Two roots in the left half of s-plane

B) Three roots in the left half of s-plane

C) Four roots in the right-left half of the s-plane because there are four positive values

D) Two roots in the right half of s-plane

ANSWER: D

If the first column of the Routh Table contains all the values with a positive sign. What can you say
about the stability of such a system?

A) Stable

B) Unstable

C) Neutral

D) Unpredictable

ANSWER: A

[6/26, 3:45 PM] Bailal C1: Using Routh's criterion, the number of roots in the right half s-plane for
the characteristics equation:

S4+2s3+2s2+3s+6

A) Four

B) One
C) Two

D) Three

ANSWER: C

While forming a Routh array, the situation of a row of zeros indicates that the system

A) has asymmetrically located roots

B) is insensitive to variation in gain

C) is stable

D) has symmetrically located roots

ANSWER: A

Routh Hurwitz criterion cannot be applied when the characteristics equation of the system
containing coefficient's which is/are

A) Exponential function of s

B) Sinusoidal function of s

C) Complex

D) Exponential and sinusoidal function of s and complex

ANSWER: D

Routh Hurwitz criterion gives:

A) Number of roots in the right half of the s plane

B) Value of roots

C) Number of roots in the left half of the s-plane

D) Number of roots in the top half of the s-plane

ANSWER: A
The order of the auxiliary polynomial is always:

A) Odd

B) Even

C) May be even or odd

D) None of the mentioned

ANSWER: B

[6/26, 6:11 PM] Zohaib: 1.To apply Routh-Hurwitz criterion for stability , All coefficient ----- Sign ?

A) Should have Positive

B) Should have Same

C) should have different

D) Should negative

Answer : B

2.In which of following equation we can apply Routh-Hurwitz criterion for stability (i)S3+2S2+3S +1
=0 : (ii) S4+3S2+2S+1 +0

A) i only

B) ii only

C) i and ii both

D) None

Answer : A
3 .If all values of Routh column have same sign , system would be ------?

A) Unstable

B) Stable

C) marginal Stable

D) cannot say anything

Answer : B

4. If we find any term in Routh column is zero ?

A) Routh criterion can be used by substituting a big positive number for zero

B) Routh criterion cannot be used

C) Routh criterion can be used by substituting a small positive number for zero

D) Routh criterion can be used by substituting a small negative number for zero

Answer : C

5 . By applying Routh-Hurwitz criterion on characteristic equation , MS2+CS+K =0 ,where M is mass

, K is spring constant , C is damping coefficient system would be ?

A) Stable

B) Unstable
C) cannot apply Routh criterion

D) We cannot find stability

Answer : A

6. To apply Routh-Hurwitz criterion for stability must condition for equation is ?

A) There should be missing term

B) There should be no missing term

C) coefficients have different sign

D) All of these

Answer : B

7 . Routh Hurwitz criterion gives us ?

A) All values of roots

B) Number of roots in the left half of the s-plane

C) Number of roots in the top half of the s-plane

D) Number of roots in the right half of the s-plane

Answer : D
8 . Routh-Hurwitz System is applicable for ?

A) Non-Linear Systems only

B) Linear Systems only

C) All Systems

D) None of these

Answer : B

9 . In case of the characteristic equation, Routh-Hurwitz criterion valid for ?

A) Imaginary coefficients

B) Real coefficients

C) All coefficients

D) cannot apply

Answer : B

10. By Routh Hurwitz method we can determine the -------for root locus with an imaginary axis ?

A) Point of intersection

B ) Collinear point

C) We cannot find anything

D) Both

Answer : A

[6/26, 6:12 PM] Zohaib: Which of the following statement about the Routh Hurwitz criterion is
correct?

It provides:

A). phase margin

B). gain and absolute stability

C). no. of roots in the right half of s-plane

D). no. of roots in the right half of s-plane, gain and phase margin

E). no. of roots in the right half of s-plane and phase margin only

ANSWER: D

According to Routh Stability Criterion, the number of sign changes in the first column corresponds to
the number of roots of the characteristic equation in the:

A) Origin of s-plane

B) The left half of s-plane

C) Imaginary axis of s-plane

D) The right half of s-plane

ANSWER: D

If we have zero elements in one row of the Routh’s tabulation or they are zero, then this condition
indicates that:

A). In S-Plane we have one pair of real roots having opposite signs

B). In S-Plane we have complex conjugate pair of roots lying on imaginary axis

C). In S-Plane we have a quadrant formed by conjugate roots

D). All the above situations are possible for that condition

ANSWER: D

This is the characteristic polynomial p4 + p3 + 3p2 + 3p + 4 = 0 of our desired system and it has

A). Zero roots in right half of S-Plane

B). One root in right half of S-Plane

C). Two roots on imaginary axis

D). Two roots in right half of S-Plane

ANSWER: D

The necessary condition for the stability of the linear system is that all the coefficients of
characteristic equation 1+G(s)H(s) =0, be real and have the:

A). Positive sign

B). Negative sign

C). Same sign

D). Both positive and negative

ANSWER: C

[6/26, 6:16 PM] Zohaib: For three number of roots with +ve real part, the no. of sign changes in
Routh Hurwitz column will b.

A) 0

B) 1

C) 2

D) 3

ANSWER: D

For stable system by Routh Hurwitz criterion, No. of sign changes will be.

A) 3

B) 2

C) 1

D) 0

ANSWER: D
The system with mathematical model equation (F-Cv-Kx-ma=0) having damping force zero, by Routh
Hurwitz criterion roots of the equation, will be.

A) 1

B) 2

C) 3

D) not applicable

ANSWER: D

E.g. the fourth row of the Routh column with zeroes, will be equal to the derivative of row.

A) below

B) above

C) first

D) second

ANSWER: B
In the case of the characteristics equation, the Routh Hurwitz criterion is valid for

A) only real coefficient

B) only imaginary coefficient

C) both real and imaginary coefficient

ANSWER: A

[6/26, 6:16 PM] Zohaib: System A has five negative values and no positive value in the first column of
data of coefficients(Routh-Hurwitz Column). What does it means?

A) System is stable because all signs in first column are same.

B) System has five roots in right half of S-Plane.

C) System is highly unpredictable.

D) System will never become stable.

ANSWER: A

A student is working on a system with characteristic equation which has complex coefficients. Which
statement is true about this system?

A) System has only imaginary roots.

B) System has no roots in the right half of S-Plane.

C) Routh-Hurwitz criteria cannot be applied on this system.

D) System is unstable.

ANSWER: C

Routh-Hurwitz criteria is used:

A) to find values of roots of Characteristic Equation

B) to find values of imaginary roots of Characteristic Equation

C) to find the number of roots in the right half of S-Plane

D) to find the value of roots that lie on real axis of S-Plane

ANSWER: C

A person is working in a lab. He finds that his system can be made stable only for spring constant K <
-1. Which statement is true about this system?

A) System is already stable.

B) System can be made stable if he uses a spring with K < -1.

C) System is highly unpredictable.

D) System can never be made stable as K cannot be negative.

ANSWER: D

A person wants to apply Routh-Hurwitz criteria on an equation. All coefficients of that equation are
negative and there is no missing term. What can he do?

A) He cannot apply Routh-Hurwitz Criteria on that equation.

B) He can use some other techniques for finding stability of the system rather than Routh-Hurwitz
criteria.

C) He can apply Routh-Criteria as all signs of the coefficients are same.

D) He should leave that system as it can never be made stable.

ANSWER: C

[6/26, 6:16 PM] Zohaib: Routh Hurwitz criterion gives:

A) Number of roots in the right half of the s-plane

B) Value of the roots

C) Number of roots in the left half of the s-plane

D) Number of roots in the top half of the s-plane

ANSWER: A

Routh Hurwitz criterion cannot be applied to the characteristic equation of the system containing
coefficients which are:

A) Exponential function of s

B) Sinusoidal function of s

C) Complex

D) Exponential and sinusoidal function of s and complex

ANSWER: D
Using Routh's criterion, the number of root(s) in the right half s-plane for the given characteristic
equation is/are:

s4+2s3+2s2+3s+6=0

A) Two

B) One

C) Four

D) Three

ANSWER: A

The number of root(s) in the left half of the s – plane is

s3+5s2+7s+3=0

A) Zero

B) One

C) Two

D) Three

ANSWER: D

Utilizing the Routh-Hurwitz criterion, determine whether the following polynomial is:

P1(s)=s2+10s+5=0

A) Unstable

B) Stable

C) Partially Stable

D) Neutral
ANSWER: B

[6/26, 6:16 PM] Zohaib: What does the Routh-Hurwitz criterion tell about the location of poles in s-
plane?

A) Exact location of poles

B) No information of poles is provided

C) Only the number of roots on either side of s-plane is highlighted by RH criterion.

D) None

ANSWER: C

When we are forming a Routh array, what does the situation indicate for the system having a row of
zeros?

A) Stability

B) It is insensitive to variation in gain

C) Has asymmetrically located roots

D) Has symmetrically located roots

ANSWER: C
The auxiliary polynomial formed by taking the derivative of an equation always has its order ____?

A) Odd

B) Even

C) Either Odd or Even

D) None of these

ANSWER: B

Consider an equation 𝑠^3 + 5𝑠^2 + 3𝑠 + J = 0, the system is stable provided:

A) J>15

B) -5<J<3

C) 0<J<15

D) J=16

ANSWER: C

Which of the following is not an advantage of the Routh-Hurwitz criterion,

A) Finds the stability of the system without solving the equation

B) Range of K for stability can be determined

C) Exponential (delay) functions cannot be dealt with

D) Determines the point of intersection for root locus with an imaginary axis

ANSWER: C

[6/26, 6:16 PM] Zohaib: If there are three sign changes in the first column of the Routh Array then
which statement is correct according to the given condition?

A) There will be 3 roots in the left-half plane and the system is unstable

B) There will be 32 roots in the right-half plane and the system is marginally unstable

C) There will be 3 roots in the right-half plane and the system is unstable

D) There will be 32 roots in the imaginary axis and the system is neutral

ANSWER: C

The characteristic equation of a system is given as 10s4 + 5s2 + 2s + 5 = 0. Then which statement is
correct about the stability of the system.

A) The system is stable as it satisfies the Routh-Hurwitz Criterion

B) The system is stable as there is no negative co-efficient

C) The system is unstable as there is no negative co-efficient

D) The system is unstable as there is a missing co-efficient

ANSWER: D

In a Routh-Hurwitz stability test, the first element of every row is given below:

Row

II

III

IV

VI

Sign

+
Which of the following statement is correct?

A) There is only one root in the right-half of S-plane and the system is unstable

B) There are two roots in the left-half of S-plane and the system is stable

C) There are two roots in the right-half of S-plane and the system is unstable

D) The system is marginally stable

ANSWER: C

The polynomial s3 +10s2 +31s+ 1030 gives the following elements in the first column of the Routh -
Hurwitz Stability test:

-72

103

According to the condition, the number of roots in the right-half plane is:

A) Two

B) Zero

C) Three
D) One

ANSWER: A

In which of the following condition, Routh-Hurwitz Criterion cannot be applied:

A) If the characteristic equation of the system contains any coefficient which is a complex, both
exponential and sinusoidal function of s

B) If the Characteristic equation of the system contains any coefficient which is both exponential and
sinusoidal function of s

C) If the Characteristic equation of the system contains any coefficient which is negative real, both
exponential and sinusoidal function of s

D) If the Characteristic equation of the system contains any coefficient which is negative real and
exponential functions of s

ANSWER: C

[6/26, 6:16 PM] Zohaib: If body doesn't recover its initial position but its center of gravity remains
same with respect to ground then the body is?

A) Stable

B) Neutral

C) Unstable

D) None of these

ANSWER: B
Bigger positive value of real root means?

A) System gets stable quickly

B) System gets stable slowly

C) System gets unstable quickly

D) System gets unstable slowly

ANSWER: C

If system comes to at rest after application of external force then root lies on?

A) Left half plane

B) Right half plane

C) Positive vertical axis

D) Negative vertical axis

ANSWER: A

If vibration of a system is increased by applying external force then its pole lies on?

A) Left half plane

B) Right half plane

C) Negative horizontal axis

D) Vertical axis

ANSWER: B

If we increase value of imaginary root then which of the following will be increased?

A) Amplitude

B) Time period

C) Stability

D) Frequency

ANSWER: D

[6/26, 8:15 PM] Zohaib: When all the elements of any row of the Routh array are zero. In this case
we can say the system has the symptoms of

A) Stability

B) Unstability

C) Marginal Stability

D) None of these

ANSWER: C

What is the physical meaning of having all the elements zero in a row, while applying Routh Hurwitz
Criterion?
A) The roots of the characteristic equation are symmetrically located in the s plane.

B) The roots of the characteristic equation are unsymmetrically located in the s plane.

C) The roots are symmetrically located but not in s plane.

D) None of these.

ANSWER: A

The limitation/s of the Routh Hurwitz Criterion is/are:

A) This criterion is applicable only for a linear system.

B) It does not provide the exact location of poles on the right and left half of the S plane.

C) In case of the characteristic equation, it is valid only for real coefficients.

D) All of these

ANSWER: D

What is/are the application/s of Routh Hurwitz Criterion?

A) Routh Hurwitz Criterion helps in determining the relative stability of the systems.

B) Routh Hurwitz Criterion helps in determining the range values of K.

C) By using this Criterion, the value of system gain can be determine.

D) All of these.
ANSWER: D

Routh Hurwitz criterion cannot be applied when the characteristic equation of the system containing
coefficient’s which is/are

A) Exponential function of s

B) Sinusoidal function of s

C) Complex

D) Exponential and sinusoidal function of s and complex

ANSWER: D

[6/26, 8:15 PM] Zohaib: wagon is moving uphill, then which of the following interpretation is correct
for this case?

A) Pole lies on positive sigma axis of S-plane

B) Pole lies on negative sigma axis of S-plane

C) Pole lies on positive imaginary axis of S-plane

D) Pole lies on negative imaginary axis of S-plane

ANSWER: B

Location of poles in ___ plane affects the stability?

A) jw imaginary axis
B) S plane

C) +ive S plane

D) -ive S plane

E) Both option 1 & 2

ANSWER: B

What do we mean by the stability of a system?

A) Â Small changes in the system input does not result in large change in system output.

B) Small changes in the system parameters does not result in large change in system output.

C) Small changes in the initial conditions does not result in large change in system output

D) all of the above.

ANSWER: D

Question 5

submitted on Wednesday, 19 May 2021, 9:36 PMmodified on Wednesday, 19 May 2021, 10:34 PM

A system described by the transfer function

𝐻(𝑠) = 1 𝑠 3+𝛼𝑠 2+𝐾𝑠+3 is stable.

The constraints on 𝛼 and k are

A) 𝛼 > 0, 𝛼𝐾 < 3
B)𝛼 > 0, 𝛼𝐾 > 3

C) 𝛼 < 0, 𝛼𝐾 > 3

D)𝛼 < 0, 𝛼𝐾 < 3

ANSWER: B

[6/26, 8:15 PM] Zohaib: he technique use to determine the actual point at which root locus crosses
the imaginary axis

A) Nyquist technique

B) Routh-Hurwitz technique

C) Nichol’s technique

D) Bode technique

ANSWER:B

The Routh-Hurwitz criterion cannot be applied to the characteristics equation having coefficient?

A) Negative real and exponential function

B) Negative real, both exponential and sinusoidal function of s

C) Both exponential and sinusoidal function of s

D) Complex, both exponential and sinusoidal function of s

ANSWER: B

The given characteristic equation s4+s3+2s2+2s+3=0 has?

A) Zero root in the s-plane

B) One root in the RHS of s-plane

C) Two root in the RHS of s-plane

D) Three root in the RHS of s-plane

ANSWER: C

Asymptotic stability is a system that is?

A)under the influence of output

B)not under the influence of output

C) under the influence of input

D)not under the influence of input

ANSWER: D

1. Routh Hurwitz criterion gives:

a) Number of roots in the right half of the s-plane

b) Value of the roots

c) Number of roots in the left half of the s-plane

d) Number of roots in the top half of the s-plane

Answer) a. number of roots in the right half of the s-plane

2) Choose the best statement regarding Routh Hurwitz criterion:

a) It gives absolute stability

b) It gives gain and phase margin

c) It gives the number of roots lying in RHS of the s-plane

d) It gives gain, phase margin and number of roots lying in RHS of the s-plane

Answer) d . It gives gain, phase margin and number of roots lying in RHS of the s-plane

3) Consider a characteristic equation given by 3S3+6S2+6S+K+2=0, the condition of stability for

above system?

A) K > 5

B) – 10 < K

C) K > – 4

D) – 10 < K < – 4

ANSWER: – 10 < K < – 4

4) The order of the auxiliary polynomial is always:

a) Even

b) Odd

c) May be even or odd

d) None of the mentioned

Answer) Even

5) For making an unstable system stable:

a) Gain of the system should be increased

b) Gain of the system should be decreased

c) The number of zeroes to the loop transfer function should be increased

d) The number of poles to the loop transfer function should be increased

Answer) Gain of the system should be decreased