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Static Force Analysis Problems

1. The document provides worked examples of determining input torques on mechanisms. 2. The first example calculates the input torque of 419.72 N-m clockwise for a 4-bar mechanism with a 2 kN force applied. 3. The second example calculates the input torque of 54.705 N-m clockwise for a single-slider crank mechanism with a 1,500 N load on the piston. 4. The third example calculates the input torque of 61.28 N-m clockwise for a 4-bar mechanism with torques of 50 N-m and 60 N-m applied.

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a c s Kumar
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1K views8 pages

Static Force Analysis Problems

1. The document provides worked examples of determining input torques on mechanisms. 2. The first example calculates the input torque of 419.72 N-m clockwise for a 4-bar mechanism with a 2 kN force applied. 3. The second example calculates the input torque of 54.705 N-m clockwise for a single-slider crank mechanism with a 1,500 N load on the piston. 4. The third example calculates the input torque of 61.28 N-m clockwise for a 4-bar mechanism with torques of 50 N-m and 60 N-m applied.

Uploaded by

a c s Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Worked Examples

1. A four – bar mechanism shown in Fig. P–1 is subjected to a force of


2 ∠ 600 kN on the link CD. The dimensions of the various links are :
AB = AD = 300 mm ; BC = 450 mm ; CD = 400 mm ; CE = 150 mm ;
∠ BAD = 1000. Determine the required input torque on the crank.

Solution :

As the mechanism is in static equilibrium  each of its members must also


be in equilibrium individually.

1
 Member 4 is acted upon by three forces  F (2 kN), F34, F14.
 Member 3 is acted upon by two forces  F23 and F43.
 Member 2 is acted upon by two forces  F32 and F12 -- and -- a
torque T.
Initially  the direction and sense of some of the forces are not known.
Therefore, adopt the following procedure to obtain the solution.
 The force F on the member 4 is known completely (i.e., in
magnitude, direction, and sense). To know the other two forces
acting on this member (i.e., F34 and F14) completely  the direction
of one or more forces must be known. To know that  the link 3,
which is a two – force member, will have to be considered first.
 As the link 3 is a two – force member  as shown in Fig.P–1 (b) 
for its equilibrium, F23 and F43 must act along BC -- (at this stage
 the neither the direction nor sense of these forces are known) --

Thus, it is only known that both these forces must act along BC.
 As the force F34 acts through the point C on the link 4  draw a
line parallel to BC through C -- by taking a free body of the link 4
-- to represent the direction of the force F34.
 Now  as the link 4 is a three – force member, the third force F 14
must pass through the intersection of F and F 34  as the three forces
arte to be concurrent for equilibrium of the link  as shown in
Fig.P–1 (c)  by drawing a force triangle oec  as the force F is
completely known. Thus  draw oe to represent the known force F,
and draw lines -- one from o parallel to DP, and one from e parallel
to PC -- to intersect at c. By measuring oc and ec  the nagnitudes
of F14 and F34 are known  as shown in Fig.P–1 (d).

2
 Now  from the force triangle oec  F34 = 1.4 kN and F14 = 1.06 kN.
Now, F34 = – F43 = F23 = – F32  Member 2 will be in equilibrium  if
F12 is equal, parallel, and opposite to F32  as shown in Fig.P–1 (e).
 Now  the Torque T = – F32 × h  From Fig.P–1 (e)  h = 299.8 mm.
(by measurement)  ∴ Torque = T = – 1.4 × 299.8 = – 419.72 kN – mm
(or) – 419.72 N – m (clockwise).
2. Determine the required input torque on the crank of a single – slider
crank chain mechanism, as shown in Fig. P–2 (a) for static equilibrium when
the applied load on the piston is 1,500 N. The lengths of the crank and
connecting rod are 40 mm and 100 mm respectively, and the crank has
turned through 450 from the I.D.C.

Solution :
As the mechanism is in static equilibrium  each of its members must also
be in equilibrium individually.
 Member 4 is acted upon by three forces  F (1,500 N), F34, F14.
 Member 3 is acted upon by two forces  F23 and F43.
 Member 2 is acted upon by two forces  F32 and F12 -- and -- a
torque T.
Initially  the direction and sense of some of the forces are not known.
Therefore, adopt the following procedure to obtain the solution.

3
 Draw the free body diagrams of the links 2, 3, and 4  as shown in
Fig. P–2 (b).
 Next  there are three forces acting on the link 4.
(i) F = 1500 N → acting towards left -- which is known in magnitude
and direction.
(ii) F34 acting along AB  whose magnitude is not known.
(iii) F14 acting perpendicular to OB  whose magnitude is not known.
 Therefore, draw the force polygon oab  as shown in Fig. P–2(c). How ?
(i) Draw oa equal to 1,500 N to a convenient scale.
(ii) Draw ab perpendicular to OB, and draw ob parallel to AB  to
intersect at b.

4
 Now  measure ab and ob and h  from the diagrams. Then ab = F14
= 440 N ; ob = F34 = 1,563 N ; and h = 35 mm ;
 Now  F34 = – F43 = F23 = – F32 .
 T = F32 × h = – 1,563 × 35 = 54705 N – mm (or) 54.705 N – m (ccw)
∴ T2 = – T = 54.705 N – m (cw).
3. A four – bar shown in Fig.P–3 is subjected to torques of T 3 = 50 N – m
and T4 = 60 N – m. The dimensions of the various links are : AB = CD = 400
mm ; BC = 800 mm ; AD = 1,000 mm. Calculate the input torque to the
To link CD for the static equilibrium of the mechanism.

5
Solution :
The solution of the stated problem can be obtained by superposition of the
solutions of the sub – problems (i) and (ii).
Sub – Problem (i) : Neglecting the Torque T3 
The torque T4 on the link 4 is balanced by a couple having two two equal,
parallel, and opposite forces at A and B. As the link 3 is a two –force
member, F43 (and therefore F34) and F14 will be parallel to BC. And  by
measurement from the diagram [Fig.P–3 (b)] , we have h4a = 397.52 mm.
T4 60
∴ F34 = F14 = h4a = 0.39752 = 150.9 N.
And  F34 = F43 = F23 = F32 = F12 = 150.9 N.
Also, by measurement from the free body diagram of the link 2  as
shown in [Fig.P–3 (b)]  we have h2a = 379.6 mm = 0.3796 m.
∴ T2a = F32 × h2a = 150.9 × 0.3796 = 57.28 N – m (ccw).
Sub – Problem (ii) : Neglecting the Torque T4  Refer Fig.P–3(c).
F43 and F23 are along CD. This is shown in the free body diagram of the

6
link 3. The free body diagrams of links 2 and 3 are also shown in the
same figure. From this diagram  by measurement, we obtain h3b = 0.83 m.

7
T3 50
∴ F43 = F23 = h3b = 0.83 = 60.2 N. Also, from the same diagram  by

measurement, we obtain h2c = 66.34 mm = 0.06634 m ;


F23 = F32 = F12 = 60.2 N ; ∴ T2b = F32 × h2b = 60.2 × 0.06634 = 4 N – m.

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