Department of Mathematics, AUS

Complex Analysis (M-303)

Assignments-2020

1. If z ∈ C and Re(z n ) ≥ 0 for every positive integer, show that z is a non-negative real
number.
2. Find two complex numbers z1 and z2 so that Arg (z1 z2 ) 6=Arg(z1 ) +Arg(z2 ). If Re(z1 ) > 0
and Re(z2 ) > 0, show that Arg(z1 z2 ) = Arg(z1 )+Arg(z2 ).
3. Let zn , z be points in C and let d be the metric in C∞ . Show that |zn − z| → 0 if and only
if d(zn , z) → 0. Show further that if |zn | → ∞, then < zn > is a Cauchy sequence in C∞ .
4. Let zn , z ∈ G := C − {z : z ≤ 0}, zn = rn eiθn , z = reiθ , where −π < θn , θ < π. If zn → z as
n → ∞, then show that rn → r and θn → θ as n → ∞.
5. Find the points on the Riemann Sphere corresponding to the complex numbers 0, 1 + i and
3 + 2i. Which subsets of the Riemann Sphere correspond to the real and imaginary axes in
the extended Complex plane?
6. Show that z1 and z2 corresponds to diametrically opposite points on the Riemann sphere iff
z1 z2 = −1.
7. (a) Does there exist a function of a complex variable which is defined and continuous at
all points in some domain but is only differentiable only at one point ?
(b) Can a function which is continuous in a region have a derivative only along certain
lines of that region? Justify your answer.
(c) Can a function be analytic at exactly one point of a domain ? only along a line ? only
in a closed half plane ?
8. Suppose that f (x) = x2 − y 3 + i(x3 + y 2 ). Does it satisfy the Cauchy-Riemann equations
for points on the line y = x ? If so, can we say that f is differentiable at these points? If
so, can we say that f is analytic at these points?
9. Recall Looman-Menchoff theorem: Let u and v be the real part and the imaginary part
of a continuous function f : G → C, where G is open in C. If ux (x, y) = vy (x, y) and
uy (x, y) = −vx (x, y) for all (x, y) ∈ G, then f is differentiable throughout G.
(
exp (− z14 ) if z 6= 0
Consider the function f : C → C, defined by f (z) =
0 if z = 0;
Where is f continuous? Where is f differentiable? Show that the Cauchy-Riemann equation
are satisfied everywhere. Does this contradict Looman-Menchoff’s theorem?
( 5
z
|z|4
if z 6= 0
10. Consider the function f : C → C, defined by f (z) =
0 if z = 0;

(a) Show that f is continuous everywhere.

(b) Show that the Cauchy-Riemann equations hold at the origin.
(c) Show that f is not differentiable at z = 0.
(d) Does this contradict Looman-Menchoff theorem?
11. Show that the complex plane C and the open unit disc D are homeomorphic. Can they be
biholomorphic ?

1
12. Is the upper half plane H homoeomorphic to D ? Are they biholomorphic ?

13. If f and g are analytic in a domain G such that f¯g is also analytic, show that either g ≡ 0
or f is constant throughout G.

14. If f is holomorpic in a domain D and if either f (z) = 0 or f 0 (z) = 0, at every point of the
domain, show that f must be constant throughout D.

15. Let f : G → C be analytic, where G is a domain in C, and let g(z) = f (z) for all z ∈ G. If
g : G → C is analytic, then show that f is a constant function.

16. Show that a non-constant analytic map can not map a domain into a straight line or into a
circular arc.

17. If f : C → C is continuous such that f (2z) = f (z) for all z ∈ C, then show that f is a
constant function.

18. Construct a branch f (z) of log z such that f (z) is analytic at z = −1 and takes on the value
5πi there.
1
19. Show that the real part of the function z 2 is always positive.

20. Let f : G → C and g : G → C be branches of z a and z b respectively. Show that f g is a

branch of z a+b and f /g is a branch of z a−b . Suppose that f (G) ⊆ G and g(G) ⊆ G and
prove that both f ◦ g and g ◦ f are branches of z ab .
√
21. (a) If | sin z| ≤ 1 for some complex number z, show that | Im(z)| ≤ ln ( 2 + 1).
(b) If | sin z|2 + | cos z|2 = 1 for some z ∈ C, show that z must be real.
∞
P
22. Let an be a power series with circle of convergence CR . Prove or disprove the following:
n=0

(a) If the power series converges at some point on CR , then the power series must converge
everywhere on CR .
(b) If the power series converges absolutely at some point on CR , then the power series
must converge absolutely everywhere on CR .
(c) If the power series converges everywhere on CR except at some point on z0 ∈ CR , then
the power series must converge at z0 .
∞
P ∞
P
23. If the series an converges but the series |an | diverges, show that the power series
n=0 n=0
∞
an z n has radius of convergence 1.
P
n=0

∞
P ∞
P
24. If the series |an | converges but the series n|an | diverges, show that the power series
n=0 n=0
∞
an z n has radius of convergence 1.
P
n=0

∞
an z n , find the radius of convergence
P
25. If R is the radius of convergence of the power series
n=0
∞ ∞ ∞ ∞
k n
a2n z n (c) |an |z n (d) an z 2n
P P P P
for each of the following power series: (a) n an z (b)
n=0 n=0 n=0 n=0

2
 ∞
an z n where (i) an = number of
P
26. Find the radius of convergence of the power series
n=1
divisors of n50 (ii) an = sin nπ
4
.
∞
P (−1)n n(n+1)
27. Show that the radius of convergence of the power series n
z is 1, and discuss
n=0
convergence for z = 1, −1 and i.

28. Suppose that the coefficients of a power series are all integers, infinitely many of which are
non-zero. Show that the radius of convergence of the power series can not exceed 1.

29. Let f be holomorphic in a domain G and let a ∈ G be such that f (n) (a) = 0 for n = 0, 1, 2, ....
Show that f ≡ 0 in G.

30. Let f be an entire function and suppose that for any a ∈ C, the power series expansion
about a has al least one co-efficient 0. Prove that f must be a polynomial.

31. Let f : C → C be an entire function. If there exists L, M, N > 0 and n ∈ N such that
|f (z)| ≤ L + M |z|N for all z ∈ C with |z| > r, then show that f is a polynomial of degree
at most N .

32. Suppose that f is entire and that |f (z)| ≥ |z|N for sufficiently large z. Show that f must
be a polynomial of degree at least N .

33. Without evaluating the integral, show that | z2dz+1 | ≤ 2√1 5 , where C is the straight line
R
C
segment from 2 to 2 + i.

34. In each case, exhibit a non-constant f having the desired properties or explain why no such
function exists:
(−1)n
(a) f is analytic in the unit disk D := {z : |z| < 1} such that (f ( n1 ) = n2
(b) f is analytic in the unit disk D := {z : |z| < 1} such that f ( n1 ) = √1 for
n
n = 2, 3, 4, ....
(c) f is analytic in |z| < 1 with f ( n1 ) = n
2+n
for n ≥ 1.
(d) f is analytic in |z| < 1 such that f ( n1 ) = 2n for n ≥ 1.
(e) f is analytic in |z| < 1 such that f ( n1 ) < 21n for n ≥ 1.
(f) f is entire and |f ( n1 )| ≤ 1
nn
for all n ≥ 1.
(g) f is analytic in |z| < 1 such that f ( n1 ) = e−n for n ≥ 1.
(h) f is analytic in |z| < 1 such that |f ( n1 )| ≤ e−n for n ≥ 1.
(i) Let f be analytic in the unit disc. Is it possible to have |f (n) (0)| ≥ en n! for infinitely
many n ?
(j) f is entire and satisfies |f (z)| ≤ 100 ln |z| for all z ∈ C.
(k) f is analytic in |z| < 1 such that |f (z)| = e|z| there.
1
35. Let f be analytic in D and satisfies |f (z)| ≤ 1−|z|
, show that |f (n) (0)| ≤ (n + 1)!e.

36. Give an example of an entire function that is not a polynomial, if it exists, that has (a)
no root (b) exactly n distinct roots (c) infinitely many distinct roots (d) uncountably
many distinct roots.

37. Let G be an open set in C and let f : G → C be such that both the functions f 2 and f 3 are
both analytic, show that f is analytic.

3
 n!
38. Let f be holomorphic in the unit disc D, show that |f (n) (0)| ≤ (1−|z|)n
on D.

R2π 17
39. Suppose f is entire and |f (reiθ )|dθ ≤ 3
for all r > 0. Show that f is the zero function.
0

40. Let f and g be entire functions such that |f (z)| ≤ |g(z)| for all z. Prove that f (z) = cg(z)
for all z.

41. Does there exist an analytic function with real or imaginary part as y 2 − 2xy ? Show that
there is no analytic function with real part x2 + y 2 .
p
42. Show that ln x2 + y 2 is a harmonic function on C − {0} but is not the real part of any
holomorphic function.

43. Let u : G → R and v : G → R be harmonic, where G is a domain in C. Show that

(uy − vx ) + i(ux + vy ) : G → C is analytic.

44. Show that u(x, y) = xy is harmonic in R2 . Find the conjugate harmonic function v(x, y)
and write u + iv in terms of z.

45. Show that if the real and imaginary parts of both f (z) and zf (z) are harmonic in a domain
D, then f (z) is analytic in D.
z 3 (z 2 −1)(z−2)2 12
46. Discuss the singularities of f (z) = sin2 (πz)
ez .

47. Does there exist an analytic function f : D → D such that f (0) = 2

3
and f 0 (0) = 3
4
? Is f
uniquely determined ?

48. Does there exist an analytic function f : D → D such that f ( 12 ) = 3

4
and f 0 ( 12 ) = 2
3
?

49. Determine how many zeroes the following functions have in the following domains:

(a) 3z 100 − ez in B1 (0),

(b) z 7 − 4z 3 − 11 in D := {z : 1 < |z| < 2},
(c) z 4 + z 3 + 1 in the first quadrant.

50. If |a| > e, show that the equation ez − az n = 0 has exactly n roots inside the unit circle.