PORTFOLIO OF EVIDENCE

FOR ARDUINO BASED

PROJECT IN
DESIGN PROJECTS III
(DPJ391U)
AT UNISA

Your initials and surname: MMS Matsepane

Your student no: 40913147

Your project name: House Alarm

Your Cell no: 0837651564

Your e-mail: [email protected]

Lecturer: Profusive

Name of mentor: Kgahlego Rantho

I hereby declare
 I know that I must design a working ARDUINO project with the
minimum components listed on the next page
 That this project is my work and that it has not been copied from any
other person or document or the internet.
 I understand what is expected of meto complete this module.
 I will keep to the submission dates even if I have not received feedback
from my study leader
 I understand the role of my mentor is to guide me through the whole
project.

2|Page
 Table of Contents

Cover page 1
Portfolio of evidence 2
Table of contents 3
Project picture4
Components 5
Introduction 6
Description of the project 7
Detail block diagram of the proposed project 8
Flow chart of software of project 9
Prove of build project on bread board 10
Detailed schematic of working project 11
Designed PCB as drawn in CAD software 13
Switches 14
Light emitting diodes 14
Buzzer 14
Final Program of the project 15
References 17
Time spent on the project 18

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 Picture of the project

The above picture is the project showing all components wired using the jumping wires to
connect all components together. The Perspex is used as shield to protect the bottom studs
of the Arduino uno from short circuiting to the ground, the reason why the Arduino uno is
protected from the ground is because the soldering of components that are on it as all the
studs on it are exposed underneath. The Perspex is used because it is not electrically
conducting and the purpose will be to protect the studs of components on Arduino uno. The
other components are being attached on the Perspex to complete everything as one unit
and also to help in moving the project together without disconnecting any jumping wires.
Super glue is used to attach the following components to hold on the Perspex bread board,
Buzzer and the Fan. I used the insulation tape to hold the Arduino uno together with the
Perspex because of the bottom soldering on the arduino uno that were not holding when
using the super glue. The insulation tape is also used to hold the jumping wires together to
make the project neat.

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 Components
 An Arduino UNO
 Led’s
 Resistors
 Buzzer
 Fan
 Bread board
 Jumping wires
 Perspex as Shield
 Insulation tape
 USB cable
 Computer
 Arduino uno software

The above components are used to make this project successful

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 INTRODUCTION

The project is about the alarm system of the house which is going to involve
switches on three doors which will be on the kitchen, dining room and garage
door. The led’s will be used to show the status of the doors when they are
closed or open.

I will be using Arduino Uno hardware and breadboard to connect the

components that I will be using to make my project work. I am the first time
user of the Arduino Uno, so far the videos that I have seen how amazing is
arduino and how you can program different projects on it gave me confident of
going for this house alarm system for my project. I have chosen this project
based on the burglary that is taking place in our community and this will help
in notifying the neighbours or alerting them that there is something wrong
when the alarm is active and police can be called or help the community police
forum that will be patrolling in that areas. The communities are putting
boundary walls that restrict people from seeing inside so if the burglary is
taking place and there is no alarm system, the community that are patrolling in
the area will not be alerted meaning the intruders will have enough time to do
whatever they want to do as there will be nothing that will disturb them but if
this alarm is installed, once it goes on it will make the intruders uncomfortable
as it will be making noise resulting in them running away as they will know that
community forum will be coming after them.

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Description of the project
The project will be based on arduino uno that will be used as the control of the
house alarm to communicate with the inputs and output of the circuit. The
arduino will be receiving the information from switches as inputs. The inputs
will be processed by arduino based on the program uploaded and output the
signals to the components. The switches will be sourcing the voltage to
arduino as normally closed and once the switch is being pressed the voltage
will be cut off. The maximum voltage for arduino is 5V DC meaning that if
external power supply has to be used, it is important to make sure the voltage
supplied is strictly 5V DC.

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 Detailed Block Diagram of the proposed
project

RX 0 A5

TX 1 A4
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R1

2 A3
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~3 A2
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4 A1
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~5 A0

~6
R

7 VIN
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R
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O
R
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GND
8
GND
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W

WE
P

~9
AL
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P
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5V
D
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~10
3.3V
~11
RESET
ER
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R3
U
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R
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T

12
N
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D
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IOREF
13

GND

AREF
ERT
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Figure A

The detail block diagram in figure A shows the layout of how my components will be
connected to arduino. The following pins 11, 12 and 13 on the arduino will be used
as inputs of switch door 1, door 2 and door 3 respectively.LED 1, LED 2, LED 3, LED
4, Buzzer and fan will be controlled by arduino pins 3,4,5,7,6 and 10 respectively as
the outputs.

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Flowchart of software of project

START

YES
INPUT 11 = LOW SERIAL
BEGIN 9600

NO

READ THE INPUTS

WRITE OUTPUT 5 HIGH

EN TRUDER DOOR 3
WRITE OUTPUT 10 HIGH
BU ZZER ON

WRITE OUTPUT 2 HIGH

FAN ON NO ENTRUDER
INPUTS 11 &12&13
=HIGH
YES

NO

IDENTIFY LOW INPUTS

YES
INPUT 13 = LOW

WRITE OUTPUT 3 HIGH

ENTRUDER ON D OOR1
NO WRITE OUTPT 10 HIGH
BUZZER ON

WRITE OUTPUT 4 HIGH

ENTRUDER ON DOOR 2
WRITE OUTPUT 10 HIGH
BUZZER ON YES
INPUT 12 = LOW

NO

Figure B

The flow chard diagram is used to show how the program of the house alarm will be
executed using the arduino and also help in doing the fault finding on the circuit if the
outcome expected is not reached.

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 Prove of build project on bread board

This is proof that I have all my components and that my project is

built on breadboard (Working on breadboard)

Figure B
The figure B above is the completed circuit diagram connecting the components to
the arduino inputs and outputs. The Perspex is used as a shield to prevent the studs
of the arduino from short circuiting. The buzzer and fan are mounted directly on the
Perspex and other components are mounted on the bread board. The jumping wires
are used to connect the components to the arduino Uno. The advantage of using the
Perspex is because the Perspex is not electrically conducting and there will be no
short circuiting on the components and the arduino studs itself.

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 Detailed schematic of working project (Schematic)

Figure: C

A5 A4 A3 A3 A1 A0
IOREF

RST
AREF
N/C

ANALOGUE INPUT

3V3

GND
ARDUIONO 5V

Vin

SDA SCL D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13

LED1

LED2

LED2

S3 S2 S1

CF
BUZZER

R1

R2

R3

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The figure C shows the electrical diagram that is wired from arduino to bread board
using jumping wires to connect the components .The calculations of power
consumed by the components will be done once everything is working properly using
the ohm’s law. The drawing shows that the switches are connected to the inputs of
the arduino as digital input which is digital input 11, 12 and 13 as normal open. The
arduino will be reading the status of each individual switches and respond
accordingly with the program that is uploaded so it can decide on the output to
switch on.

The Led’s are connected in series with the resistors and getting the signal from the
output pins of the arduino which are digital output: Do 3, Do 4 and Do 5. The reason
to connect the resistors in series with the Led’s is to limit the current going to the
individual Led’s , if the Led’s are connected without the resistors in series they will be
burned once their respective output is on.

The Buzzer will also be connected to digital output 10 from the arduino. The buzzer
will always be off when the circuit is healthy and ON when one of the switches is
activated. It is getting the signal from the arduino according to the program that is
uploaded to it.

The Fan is connected to the digital output 2 from the arduino and it is always ON
when the switches are not activated to cool down the house and OFF when one of
the switches are activated.

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 Designed PCB as drawn in CAD software

This is my designed PCB as drawn in CAD software before I have

etched it

AREF

GND

13
IOREF
12
RESET
~11
3.3V
~10
5V
~9
GND
8
W
O
PER

GND
A
TP
L
(WM
~
)

7
G

VIN
D
II

~6

A0 ~5

A1 4

A2 ~3
OGN

2
I

A3
A
N
AL

A4 TX 1

A5 RX 0

- + - +
j i hgf edc ba
30 30
29 29
28 28
27 27
26 26
25 25
24 24
23 23
22 22
21 21
20 20
19 19
18 18
17 17
16 16
15 15
14 14
13 13
12 12
11 11
10 10
9 9
8 8
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1

Figure E
The figure E above is the final PCB board drawing that is drawn using CAD
software before etched. The drawing shows all the components for the project
that are being used. How the project works will be explained in details. The fan
is used for cooling the house temperature and will always be on as long as

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there is no intruder in the house because all the doors will be closed at that
time.

Switches
The switches are the three dots that are appearing on the drawing and in real
life will be inductive switches attached to the individual doors of the house.
The switches are normally closed and once the door is opened it will cut off the
voltage to the arduino input, once the voltage is being cut off from the arduino
input and the arduino will respond according to the programme uploaded on it
making sure the right output is executed.

Light emitting diodes

The Led’s are getting the signals from the output of the arduino and are
connected in series with resistors each. The purpose of the LED’s is to show
which door is being activated by the intruder.

Buzzer
The buzzer is working as sound alerting for all the doors and it does not matter
for which door as long as one is being activated the buzzer will be on and can
only be off when the whole alarm system is reset by using the reset button
which is on the arduino itself.

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 Final software of project
The following program is used to run the project .The program is uploaded into
arduino uno to control the wired circuit with components, if there is errors
with the program the circuit will not work and some of components will not
responds as they are supposed to or some will not even responds, the
components are relying on the program.
void setup() {

//start serial connection

Serial.begin (9600);

//configure pin2 as an input and enable the internal pull-up resistor

PinMode (11, INPUT_PULLUP);

PinMode (12, INPUT_PULLUP);

pinMode (9, INPUT_PULLUP);

pinMode (2, OUTPUT);

pinMode (3, OUTPUT);

pinMode (4, OUTPUT);

pinMode (5, OUTPUT);

pinMode (10, OUTPUT);

void loop() {

//read the pushbutton value into a variable

int sensorVal = digitalRead(12);

int sensorV = digitalRead (11);

int sensorVa = digitalRead (9);

//print out the value of the pushbutton

Serial.println(sensorVal);

// Keep in mind the pullup means the pushbutton's

// logic is inverted. It goes HIGH when it's open,

// and LOW when it's pressed. Turn on pin 13 when the

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// button's pressed, and off when it's not:

if (sensorVal == HIGH) {

digitalWrite(3, LOW);

digitalWrite(2, LOW);

digitalWrite(10, HIGH);

digitalWrite(13, HIGH);

} else {

digitalWrite(2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(13, LOW);

digitalWrite(3, HIGH);

delay(4000);

digitalWrite(10, LOW);

delay(40000000);}

if (sensorVa == HIGH) {

digitalWrite(4, LOW);

digitalWrite(13, HIGH);

digitalWrite(2, LOW);

digitalWrite(10, HIGH);

} else {

digitalWrite(2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(4, HIGH);

digitalWrite(13, LOW);

delay(4000);

digitalWrite(10, LOW);

delay(40000000);

if (sensorV == HIGH) {

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 digitalWrite(5, LOW);

digitalWrite(2, LOW);

digitalWrite(10, HIGH);

digitalWrite(13, HIGH);

} else {

digitalWrite(5, HIGH);

digitalWrite(2, HIGH);

digitalWrite(13, LOW);

delay(4000);

digitalWrite(10, LOW);

delay(40000000);

}} } }

References

Name: Allan J Smith

Title: Arduino cake City:

Publisher: Lisa Smith and Family

Pages: 172

Year: 30 September 2011

Name: Brian W Evans

Title: Arduino programming note book City: California

Publisher: Brian W Evans Pages: 40

Year: August 2007

Name: Jack Purdun

Title: Beginning C for Arduino second edition City: New York

Publisher: Jack Purdun Pages: 359

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Year: 2015

Name: Paul Manning

Title: Practical Arduino cool projects for open source hardware City: New York

Publisher: Paul Manning

Pages: 433

Year: 2009

Name: Michael McRoberts

Title: Beginning of Arduiono City: USA

Publisher: Michael McRoberts

Pages: 433

Year: 2010

Time spent on the project

Design = 147 hours

Programming = 200 hours

Wiring = 60 hours

Testing = 90 hours

Fault finding = 36 hours

Theory and research = 560 hours

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