COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Sector:

ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS SECTOR

Qualification:
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION & MAINTENANCE NC II
Unit of Competency:
Install Electrical Protection System for Lighting and Grounding

Module Title:
Installing Wiring Devices for Floor and Ground Fault Current Interrupting Outlets

Technical Education and Skills Development Authority

ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY
Cabagan Isabela

ENGR. DONATO T. RICAFRENTE

Associate Professor I
 COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS

NO UNIT OF COMPETENCIES MODULE TITLE

1 Prepare Electrical Power Preparing Electrical Power and
and Hydraulic Tools. Hydraulic Tools.
2 Perform Roughing- in Performing Roughing- in Activities
Activities for for Communication and
Communication and Distribution.
Distribution.
3 Install Wiring Devices for Installing Wiring Devices for Floor
Floor and Ground Fault and Ground Fault Current
Current Interrupting Interrupting Outlets.
Outlets.
4 Installing Electrical Installing Electrical Protection
Protection System for System for Lighting and
Lighting and Grounding Grounding
5 Install Electrical Lighting Installing Electrical Lighting
Systems on Auxiliary Outlets Systems on Auxiliary Outlets and
and Lighting Fixtures. Lighting Fixtures.
 HOW TO USE THIS MODULE

Welcome to the module “Installing Electrical Protection System for

Lighting and Grounding”. This module contains training materials and
activities for you to complete.
The unit of competency “Installing Electrical Protection” contains the
knowledge, skills and attitudes required for Electrical Installation and
Maintenance course required to obtain the National Certificate (NC) level II.
You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to
complete each of the learning outcomes of the module. In each learning outcome
there are Information Sheets, Job Sheets, Operation Sheets and Activity
Sheets. Do these activities on your own and answer the Self-Check at the end of
each learning activity.

If you have questions, do not hesitate to ask your teacher for assistance.

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You may already have some basic knowledge and skills covered in this
module. If you can demonstrate competence to your teacher in a particular skill,
talk to him/her so you do not have to undergo the same training again. If you
have a qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous trainings, show
it to him/her. If the skills you acquired are consistent with and relevant to this
module, they become part of the evidence. You can present these for RPL. If you
are not sure about your competence/skills, discuss this with your teacher.

After completing this module, ask your teacher to assess your competence.
Result of your assessment will be recorded in your competency profile. All the
learning activities are designed for you to complete at your own pace.

In this module, you will find the activities for you to complete and relevant
information sheets for each learning outcome. Each learning outcome may have
more than one learning activity.

This module is prepared to help you achieve the required competency in

receiving and relaying information. This will be the source of information that
will enable you to acquire the knowledge and skills in Electrical Installation and
Maintenance NC II independently at your own pace with minimum supervision
from your teacher.
 MODULE CONTENT

QUALIFICATION : ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE NC II

UNIT OF COMPETENCY: Install Electrical Protection System for

Lighting & Grounding

MODULE TITLE: Installing Electrical Protection System for

Lighting & Grounding

INTRODUCTION:

This module contains the “know” and “do” units in installing electrical
protection.

It covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes required in installing electrical

protection system needed before starting work. Tools are inspected and prepared.
Proper checking must also be done before commencing work so that lubrications
and auxiliary parts are per enterprise specifications. Proper storing must also be
practiced.

This module consist of two (2) Learning Outcomes (LO’s) that contains learning activities
for both knowledge and skills supported with information sheets, job/operation sheets and self-
check. Before attempting to perform the manual exercises, see to it that you have already read
and understood the information/operation sheet and answered correctly the self-check provided
in every Learning Activities.

SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES

Upon completion of the module, the students shall be able to:

LO1. Plan and prepare work.

LO2. Layout and install fuse and circuit breaker.

Assessment Criteria Summary:

1. Instructions for the preparation of the work activity are communicated
and confirmed to ensure clear understanding.
2. Tools, equipment and PPE needed to install electrical protection
system are identified, checked to ensure they work correctly as
intended and are safe to use in accordance with established
procedures.
3. Materials needed for work are obtained in accordance with established
procedures.
4. Electrical protection system is installed according to the latest edition
of Philippine Electrical Code and National Electrical Code.
5. Electrical protection system is installed according to the job
requirements
6. Tools/equipment and materials needed for the installation are
prepared in line with job requirements.
7. Safety procedures in installing electrical protection system are strictly
observed according OHS guidelines and procedures.
LEARNING OUTCOME # 1; PLAN AND PREPARE WORK

LEARNING CONTENTS;
• Planning and preparing work.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
1. Instructions for the preparation of the work activity are communicated
and confirmed to ensure clear understanding.
2. Tools, equipment and PPE needed to install electrical protection
system are identified, checked to ensure they work correctly as
intended and are safe to use in accordance with established
procedures.
3. Materials needed for work are obtained in accordance with established
procedures.

CONDITION:
Students/trainees must be provided with the following
a. Learning materials

ASSESSMENT METHOD:
1. Demonstration
2. Written
3. Direct observation and questioning
 LEARNING EXPERIENCES

Learning Outcome 1: Plan and Prepare Work

Learning Activities Special Instructions

You can ask the assistance of your

1. Read Information Sheet 4.1.1 on teacher to explain topics you
plan and prepare work cannot understand.
c
Check your answer using the Answer
2. Answer Self-Check 4.1-1
Key 4.1-1

3. If you fail in the self check you Check your answer using the Answer
need to read again the Key 4.1-1
information sheet 4.1-1 &
answer again the self check
4.1-1
 INFORMATION SHEET 4.1.1
PLAN AND PREPARE WORK

Plan your work, and work your plan. Many believe that if you had
a plan to follow you would always wind up on top or get an excellent result.

Planning out your work will make sure you get the most out of your
work day. Your time is an investment in yourself. Budgeting your time on
the job the way you can budget money will help you reduce your stress,
become healthy and accomplish more.

When you are planning your work day, see what tasks you can designate to
someone else or ask for an assistant to help you complete them. No one wins when you
try to do everything yourself and wind up stressed out and exhausted.

Decide exactly how long you will stay at work (if that is an option) and leave at
that time

There will be 1.) Urgent and Important tasks, 2.) Urgent but
Unimportant tasks, and 3.) non-urgent but important tasks. Tasks in category
one that needs to be done first. Tasks in category two needs to be addressed but
should not overwhelm you in any manner. Make the most of your convenient
time in each day to address tasks in category three.

Things to remember in your preparation:

1. Secure the Blueprint (Electrical Plan) .- This is your guide for a

safe and approved wiring installation .

2. The budget of the owner.- Discuss the fund of the project , submit
your proposal and your warranty arrangement.
3. Personal Protective Equipment –PPE needed in the project -
Determine what type of environment you are working for, either
hazardous or non-hazardous location to wear appropriate PPE.
Personal Protective Equipments :

1. Safety helmet

2.Safety gloves

3.Safety belt/Full body harnessed

(Use for climbing)

4.Safety goggles

5.Safety shoes (Steel Toe)

6. Cover-all dress

7 .Breathing apparatus

8. Emergency Kit.- Keep supplies in an

easytocarry emergency
preparedness kit that you can use at your
workplace.
 1. Needed tools and equipment. -Prepare the necessary tools and equipment for the
project to prevent unnecessary delays due to lack of tools and equipment to
perform the job. Prepare the request by filling up the form below.

Quantity Unit Description Remarks

Example:

A.Tools

1. Lineman’s Plier
2. Wire stripper
3.Claw hammer
4.Gimlet
5.Screwdriver
Example:

B.Equipment:

1.Portable Hammer drill

2.Hydraulic pipe bender
3.Portable Band saw

2. Needed Supplies and materials: Check if the required materials are ready
for the project. Prepare the request by filling up the form below.

Bill of Materials: (Example)

Quantity Unit Description Unit Cost Total Cost

1 Piece 6-Hole Panel Board - Allied P P 700.00
700.00
3 Pair Circuit Breaker 20A G.E. P P 750.00
250.00
8 Pieces Expansion Bolt/Tox Screw P P 200.00
25.00

Grand Total ___________

3. Permits and legal documents ( Ex. Work permit, Building Permit and registration)

4. Time of completion – Estimated target date to finish the project or else there will be
impose penalties in delay if included in the contract.
 SELF CHECK 4.1-1

MATCHING TYPE

Direction: Read the statement carefully in the column A and choose the best answer in the
column B. Write your answer in the provided space.

Column A Column B
_______ 1. Tasks that needs to be done first. A. Non-urgent but important task
B. Safety shoes
_______ 2. A bag that contain common C. Blueprint
medicines use in case of lacerations or D. Floor plan
wound in the field. E. First Aid kit
F. Safety gloves
_______ 3. Use to protect your feet from G. Urgent and important task
sharp objects. H. Planning your work

_______ 4. Use in making the complete list

of required tools, equipment and materials of
the project.

______ 5. It helps you to accomplish more

by managing your time, money and effort.
 LEARNING OUTCOME 2: LAYOUT AND INSTALL FUSE AND
CIRCUIT BREAKER

Assessment Criteria

1. Electrical protection system is installed according to the latest edition

of Philippine Electrical Code and National Electrical Code.
2. Electrical protection system is installed according to the job
requirements
3. Tools/equipment and materials needed for the installation are
prepared in line with job requirements.
4. Safety procedures in installing electrical protection system are strictly
observed according OHS guidelines and procedures.

CONTENTS:

• PEC provisions on electrical protection system

• Procedures in installing electrical protection system
• Safety procedures in installing electrical protection system

CONDITION:

Students/trainees must be provided with the following:

• Materials • Learning Materials

o High/low voltage switch o Learning elements
gear o Drawing plan/sketch
o Earth leakage circuit o Diagrams
breaker
o Grounding equipment

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

• Demonstration
• Direct observation and questioning
 LEARNING EXPERIENCES

Learning Outcome 2: Layout and Install Fuse and Circuit Breaker

Learning Activities Special Instructions

1. Read Information Sheet 4.2-1

on PEC/NEC Provision for
Circuit Protection
Check your answer using the Answer
2. Answer Self-Check 4.2-1
Key 4.2-1
3. Perform Operation sheet #4.2-1
Evaluate performance using
on installing safety switch.
performance criteria checklist 4.2-1
4. Read Information Sheet 4.2-2
Circuit Breaker.

Check your answer using the Answer

5. Answer Self-Check 4.2-2
Key 4.2-2

Evaluate performance using

6. Perform Operation Sheet # 4.2.3
assessment criteria checklist 4.2.3.
on Installing Circuit Breaker.
 INFORMATION SHEET 4.2.1
PEC/NEC Provision for Circuit Protection
Learning Objective: After reading the Information sheet, you will know the PEC
provision for circuit protection

Conductors-Maximum ampacity and size

a. General –Branch circuit conductors shall have an ampacity of not less
than the rating of the branch circuit protective device (Fuse or C. Breaker)
and not less than the maximum load to be served. Cable assemblies with
neutral conductors smaller than the ungrounded conductors shall be so
marked.
b. Household ranges and cooking appliances –branch circuit conductors
supplying household ranges, wall-mounted ovens, counter cooking units
and other household cooking appliances, shall have an ampacity not less
than the rating of the branch circuit and not less than the maximum load
to be served. For ranges of 8 ¾ Kw or more rating, the minimum branch
circuit rating shall be 40 amperes.
c. Other loads –Branch circuit conductors supplying loads other than
cooking appliances as covered shall have an ampacity sufficient for the
loads served and shall not be smaller than 2.0 mm2.
NEC Requirements to be observed by an electrician when installing plug
fuses, fuse holder, and adapters:
1. They shall not be used in circuits exceeding 125 volts between conductors,
except on systems having grounded neutral with no conductors having
more than 150 volts to ground. This situation in the 120/208-volt system
in the commercial building covered in this module, or in the case of
120/240-volt, single-phase system.
2. They shall have ampere ratings of 0 to 30 amperes.
3. They shall have a hexagonal configuration for ratings of 15 amperes and
below.
4. The screw shell must be connected to the load side of the circuit.
5. Edison-base plug fuses may be used only as replacements in existing
installations where there is no evidence of overusing or tampering.
6. All new installations shall use fuse holders requiring Type S plug fuses or
fuse holders with a type s adapter inserted to accept Type S fuses only.
7. Type S plug fuses are classified 0 to 15 amperes; 16 to 20 amperes; 21 to
30 amperes.

Requirement for fuses of less than 600 volts:

a. Plug fuses shall not be used in circuit exceeding 125 volts between
conductors.

b. Fuses shall be marked with amperage rating.

c. Plug fuses shall be classified 0 to 30 amperes.

d. Edison-base plug fuses shall only be used for

replacement in existing installation where
there is no evidence of over fusing or
tampering.

e. Type “S” fuses (fustats) shall be classified at not over 125 volts.
Note: Refer to NEC article 240.

f. Type “S” fuses shall be classified as 0 to 15, 16 to 20, and 21 to 30

amperes.

g. Different ampere classes of type “S” fuses are not interchangeable.

h. Cartridge fuses shall be marked with their ampere rating, voltage rating,
and the name or trademark of the manufacturer.
 Self-Check 4.2-1

1. Plug fuses shall not be used in circuit exceeding

a. 125 volts
b. 220 volts
c. 25 volts
d. 440 volts
between conductors.

2. Fuses shall be marked with

a. voltage rating
b. amperage rating
c. wattage rating
d. current rating

3. This type of fuses shall be classified as 0 to 15, 16 to 20, and 21 to 30

amperes.
a. Type “R”
b. Type “K”
c. Type “S”
d. None of the above

4. The branch circuit conductors shall have an ampacity of not less than the
rating of the
a. branch circuit protective device
b. Feeder circuit
c. Main circuit
d. All of the above

5. Branch circuit conductors supplying loads other than cooking appliances

as covered shall have an ampacity sufficient for the loads served and shall
not be
a. smaller than 2.0 mm2
b. smaller than 1.6 mm2
c. greater than 2.0 mm2
d. greater than 1.6 mm2
 Information Sheet 4.2-2
CLASSIFICATION AND TYPES OF FUSE

Learning Objective: After reading the Information sheet, you will be able to
know the different classes and types of fuses.

Fuses
A fuse is the simplest circuit protection device. Its name is derived from
the Latin word "fusus," meaning "to melt." Fuses have been used almost from the
beginning of the use of electricity.

The earliest type of fuse was simply a bare wire between two connections.
The wire was smaller than the conductor it was protecting and, therefore, would
melt before the conductor it was protecting was harmed.

A simple glass tube is used. The use of a glass tube gives the added
advantage of being able to see when a fuse is open. Fuses of this type are
commonly found in automobile lighting circuits. Figure 2-1 shows several fuses
and the symbols used on schematics.

It is placed in series with the electrical circuit it

is intended to protect. Its essential component is
a strip of metal that will melt when the electric
current in the circuit exceeds the fuse's rated
value. The element (link) in the fuse melts and
opens the circuit.

NEED FOR OVERCURRENT PROTECTION

When a problem exists, the fuse is called upon

to open (melt its link). The opening of a fuse
signifies that something is wrong with the circuit
and should be corrected before the current is turned back on. The problem
can be an accident, a defective component or a worn-out component.
 Symbols for FUSE :

Speed
The speed at which a fuse blows depends on how much current flows
through it and the material of which the fuse is made. The operating time is not
a fixed interval, but decreases as the current increases.
Fuses have different characteristics of operating time compared to current,
characterized as "fast-blow", "slow-blow" or "time-delay", according to time
required to respond to an over current condition.
A standard fuse may require twice its rated current to open in one second, a
fast-blow fuse may require twice its rated current to blow in 0.1 seconds, and a
slow-blow fuse may require twice its rated current for tens of seconds to blow.
Fuse selection depends on the load's characteristics. Semiconductor devices
may use a fast or ultrafast fuse since semiconductor devices heat rapidly when
excess current flows.
The fastest blowing fuses are designed for the most sensitive electrical
equipment, where even a short exposure to an overload current could be very
damaging. Normal fast-blow fuses are the most general purpose fuses.
The time delay fuse (also known as anti-surge, or slow-blow) are designed to
allow a current which is above the rated value of the fuse to flow for a short
period of time without the fuse blowing. These types of fuse are used on
equipment such as motors, which can draw larger than normal currents for up
to several seconds while coming up to speed.
"Current-limiting" fuses operate so quickly that they limit the total "let-through"
energy that passes into the circuit, helping to protect downstream equipment
from damage. These fuses open in less than one cycle of the AC power frequency;
circuit breakers cannot match this speed.
 Types of Fuses According to Construction
1. Plug type

2. Ferrule type

3. Knife blade type

4. Screw type
According NEC all cartridge fuses must be marked to show:

1. Ampere rating
2. Voltage rating
3. Interrupting rating when over 10,000 amperes
4. Current-limiting type
5. Trade name or name of manufacturer

Important Ratings when Choosing Replacement fuses:

1. Voltage rating –the rating must match or exceed the voltage rating of the
circuit.
2. Ampere rating –the rating should match the full load current rating of the
equipment or ampacity of conductor as closely as possible.

3. Interrupting capacity –the total current in which the fuse can interrupt
without being damage.
 NEC requirements to be observe by an electrician when installing plug
fuses, fuse holder, and adapters:

1. They shall not be used in circuits exceeding 125 volts between conductors,
except on systems having grounded neutral with no conductors having
more than 150 volts to ground. This situation in the 120/208-volt system
in the commercial building covered in this text, or in the case of 120/240-
volt, single-phase system.
2. They shall have ampere ratings of 0 to 30 amperes.
3. They shall have a hexagonal configuration for ratings of 15 amperes and
below.
4. The screw shell must be connected to the load side of the circuit.
5. Edison-base plug fuses may be used only as replacements in existing
installations where there is no evidence of over fusing or tampering.
6. All new installations shall use fuse holders requiring Type S plug fuses or
fuse holders with a type s adapter inserted to accept Type S fuses only.
7. Type S plug fuses are classified 0 to 15 amperes; 16 to 20 amperes; 21 to
30 amperes.

Types S Fuses and Adapter

1. Class H – Most low cost, common, standard non renewable non-time fuses.
The interrupting ratings in symmetrical amperes are 10,000 amperes AC.
Available in ratings from 1 to 600 amperes in 250 and 600 Volts AC.
 Class H cartridge fuse. Illustration shows renewable-type fuse in
which the blown link may be replaced.

2. CLASS K – Group in three categories K1- (has the greatest current limiting
ability) The interrupting ratings in symmetrical amperes is 50,000 amperes
AC, K5- The interrupting ratings in symmetrical amperes is 100,000
amperes AC and the K9 - (has the least current-limiting ability) The
interrupting ratings in symmetrical amperes is 200,000 amperes AC.
Available in ratings from 1/10 to 600 amperes in 250 and 600 Volts AC.

3. CLASS J – Physically smaller than class H fuses, interrupting ratings in

symmetrical amperes is 200,000 amperes AC. Available in ratings from 1
to 600 Volts AC.
4. CLASS L - Available in ratings from 601 to 6000 amperes at 600 Volts AC.
They are current limiting and The interrupting ratings in symmetrical
amperes is 200,000 amperes .These bolt type fuses are used in bolted
pressure contact switches.

5. CLASS T – They are current limiting with an interrupting capacity of

200,000 symmetrical amperes .Physically smaller than class H and class
J fuses. This type of fuse limits its use to fuse holders and switches that
will reject all other types of fuses. Common applications for mains, feeders,
and branch circuits. Used in 120/240 1 phase, 120/208 volt 3 -phase 4-
wire and 240 3- phase wye-delta systems.

6. CLASS G – They are current limiting and are used in ballast, electric heat
and similar loads. They are also cartridge fuses with small dimensions.
They are used in circuits of 300 volts or less to ground. Available from 0 to
60 amperes at an interrupting capacity of 100,000 symmetrical amperes
RMS.
7. CLASS R – This fuse is non –renewable cartridge type and has an
interrupting rating of 200,000 RMS symmetrical amperes. Has a rating
range of 1/10 ampere to 60 ampere and can be distinguished by annular
ring on one end of the case. When a fuse holder is designed to accept class
R fuse, Class H and class K fuse is impossible to install.
Two types :
1. RK1 – Have an special interrupting rating of 300,000 RMS
symmetrical amperes.
2. RK5

8. CLASS CC - Primarily used for control circuit protection of motor control

circuits, ballasts, small transformers and so on. It is rated at 600 volts or
less and has 200,000 ampere interrupting rating in sizes from 1/10
ampere to 30 amperes. It can be installed in the standard fuse holder.
TYPES OF FUSES ACCORDING TO MANNER OF OPERATION:

1. Dual-element, Time-delay Fuse

The dual-element, time-delay fuse, provides a time delay in the low-overload
range to eliminate unnecessary opening of the circuit because of harmless
overloads. However, this type of fuse is extremely responsive in opening on short
circuits.

This fuse has two fusible elements connected in series. Depending upon the
magnitude of the current flow, one element is designed to open when the current
reaches a value of approximately 500% of the fuse rating. The short-circuit
element opens when a short circuit or heavy overload occurs. That is, the element
opens at current values of approximately 500% or more of the fuse rating.

Cutaway view of dual-element, time-delay fuse. On overloads, the

spring-loaded trigger assembly opens. On short circuits or heavy
ground faults, the fuse elements in the short-circuit section open.
The fuse elements are generally made of copper.

The thermal element is also designed to open at approximately 140 degrees

Celsius, as well as on damaging overloads. In addition, the thermal element will
open whenever a loose connection or a poor contact in the fuse holder causes
heat to develop. As a result, a true dual-element fuse also offers thermal
protection to the equipment in which it is installed.

Dual-element fuses are suitable for use on motor circuits and other
circuits having high-inrush characteristics. This type of fuse can be used as well
for mains, feeders, sub-feeders, and branch circuits.

Dual-element fuses may be used to provide back-up protection for circuit

breakers, bus duct, and other circuit components that lack an adequate
interrupting rating, bracing, or withstand rating. (Dual-element time-delay fuse
will hold five times it’s rating for 10 seconds)

2. Dual-element, time-delay, current-limiting fuse

The dual-element, time-delay, current limiting fuse, operates in the same

manner as the standard dual-element, time-delay fuse. The only difference
between the fuses is that, this fuse has a faster response in the short-circuit
range and thus more current limiting.
The short-circuit element in the current-limiting fuse can be silver or copper
surrounded by quartz sand arc-quenching filler. Silver-link fuses are more
current-limiting than copper-link fuses.

Cutaway view of a dual-element, time-delay, current limiting fuse. On

overloads, the spring-loaded trigger assembly opens. On short circuits
or heavy ground faults, the fuse elements in the short-circuit section
open. The fuse elements are generally made of silver.

3. Current-limiting fuse (Non-time delay)

The straight current-limiting fuse, has an extremely fast response in

both the low-overload and short-circuit ranges. When compared to other
type of fuses, this type of fuse has the lowest energy let-through values.
Current limiting fuses are use to provide better protection to mains,
feeders, and sub-feeders, circuit breakers, bus duct, switchboards, and
other circuit components that lack an adequate interrupting rating,
bracing, or withstand rating. Current-limiting fuse elements can be made
 of silver or copper surrounded by quartz sand arc-quenching filler. Silver-
link fuses are more current limiting than copper-link fuses.

Cutaway view of a current-limiting, fast-acting, single-element fuse.

A standard current-limiting fuse does not have spring-load or “loaded link”
overload assembly found in dual-element fuses.
To be classified as “current limiting”, the code states that when a fuse or
breaker is subjected to heavy (high magnitude) fault currents, the fuse or breaker
must reduce the fault current flowing into the circuit to a value less than the
fault current that could have flowed into the circuit had there been no fuse or
breaker in the circuit.
When use on motor circuits, or other circuits having high current-inrush
characteristics, the current-limiting non-time delay fuses must be sized at a
much higher rating than actual load. That is, for motor with a full-load current
rating of 10 amperes, a 30- or 40 ampere current-limiting fuse may be required
to start the motor.
In this case, the fuse is considered to be the motor branch-circuit short-circuits
protection. (Non-time delay fuse will hold five times its rating for1/4 to 2 seconds;
not ideal to loads which requires more than 2 seconds to accelerate)

Characteristics of Overload Currents:

• They are greater than the normal current flow.

• They are contained within the normal conducting current path.
• If allowed to continue, they will cause overheating of the equipment,
conductors, and the insulation of the conductors.

Characteristics of Short-circuit and Ground – Fault

1. They flow “outside” of the normal current path.

2. They may be greater than the normal current flow.
3. They may be less than the normal current flow.

Fuses come in a vast array of sizes and styles to serve in many applications,
manufactured in standardized package layouts to make them easily
interchangeable. Fuse bodies may be made of ceramic, glass, plastic, fiberglass,
molded mica laminates, or molded compressed fiber depending on application
and voltage class.
Cartridge (ferrule) fuses have a cylindrical body terminated with metal end caps.
Some cartridge fuses are manufactured with end caps of different sizes to
prevent accidental insertion of the wrong fuse rating in a holder, giving them a
bottle shape.
Fuses for low voltage power circuits may have bolted blade or tag terminals
which are secured by screws to a fuse holder. Some blade-type terminals are
held by spring clips. Blade type fuses often require the use of a special purpose
extractor tool to remove them from the fuse holder.
Renewable fuses have replaceable fuse elements, allowing the fuse body and
terminals to be reused if not damaged after a fuse operation.

Thermal fuses

Main article: Thermal cutoff

A "thermal fuse" is often found in consumer equipment such as coffee
makers or hair dryers or transformers powering small consumer electronics
devices. They contain a fusible, temperature-sensitive alloy which holds a spring
contact mechanism normally closed. When the surrounding temperature gets
too high, the alloy melts and allows the spring contact mechanism to break the
circuit. The device can be used to prevent a fire in a hair dryer for example, by
cutting off the power supply to the heater elements when the air flow is
interrupted (e.g. the blower motor stops or the air intake becomes accidentally
blocked). Thermal fuses are a 'one shot', non-resettable device which must be
replaced once they have been activated (blown).
 SELF CHECK 4.2-3
MATCHING TYPE
Direction: Read the statement carefully in the column A and choose the best
answer in the column B.

Column A Column B

_________ 1. If allowed to continue, they will cause overheating A. Short circuit

of the equipment, conductors, and the insulation of the
B. Time delay Fuse
conductors.
C. Plug Fuse
______ 2. The Branch circuit conductor (Wire) and the D. Dual element ,
Protective device (Fuse) should have at least equal ______ . time delay current
limiting fuse
______ 3. Abnormalities of the circuit that they may be greater
than the normal current flow. One of the main reasons why E. Overload current
the fuse will blow or melt. F. 15 Ampere
______ 4. A type of fuse that require a twice of its rated current G. Ampacity
to blow in 0.1 seconds. H. Fast Blow fuse
_______ 5. A type of fuse that allow a current which is above I. Class H Fuse
the rated value of the fuse to flow for a short period of time J. Class T fuse
without the fuse blowing. These types of fuse are used on
equipment such as motors, K. Class R fuse
L. Class J Fuse
_____ 6. A type of fuse that the screw shell must be connected
to the load side of the circuit.
_______ 7. This type of fuse limits its use to fuse holders and
switches that will reject all other types of fuses. Common
applications for mains, feeders, and branch circuits. Used in
120/240 1 phase, 120/208 volt 3 -phase 4-wire and 240 3-
phase wye-delta systems.

________ 8. A type of fuse considered most low cost, common,

standard non renewable non-time delay fuses.

_____ 9. A type of fuse that has a rating range of 1/10 ampere

to 60 ampere and can be distinguished by annular ring on
one end of the case., Class H and class K fuse is impossible
to install.
_____ 10. A type of fuse that operates in the same manner as
the standard dual-element, time-delay fuse. The only
difference between the fuses is that, this fuse has a faster
response in the short-circuit range and thus more current
limiting.
 Information Sheet No. 4.2-3
Types of Safety switch enclosures
Learning Objective: After reading the Information sheet, you will be able to
know the different types of Safety switch.
a. NEMA 1 (indoor)
Note: NEMA 1 safety switch enclosures may be easily identified because of
the presence of concentric knockouts on the top of the enclosures.

b. NEMA 3R (rainproof)

Note: NEMA 3R safety switch enclosures may be easily identified by the

presence of a hub plate on the top of the safety switch.
c. NEMA 4X (watertight, corrosion resistant)

Note: NEMA 4X enclosures are generally constructed of stainless steel.

 REWIRABLE FUSE BOX (UK Standard)

Renewable fuses (rewirable or cartridge) allow user replacement, but this can be
hazardous as it is easy to put a higher-rated or double fuse element (link or wire)
into the holder ("over fusing"), or simply fitting it with copper wire or even a totally
different type of conducting object (hairpins, paper clips, nails etc.) to the existing
carrier.

Testing Fuses

As mentioned at the beginning of this module, the

Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) clearly states
that electrical equipment must not be worked on when it
is energized.

There have been too many injuries to those intentionally

working on the equipment “hot” or thinking the power is
off, only to find that it is still energized. If the equipment
is to be worked on “hot” then proper training and
protective gear (rubber blankets, insulated tools, goggles,
rubber gloves, etc.) need to be used.

A second person should be present when working electrical equipment “hot”

OSHA has specific “lock-out” and “tag-out” rules for working on energized
electrical equipment.

When the power is turned on. On “live” circuits, extreme caution must
be exercised when checking fuses. There are many different voltage readings
that can be taken, such as line-to-line, line-to-ground, line-to-neutral, etc.

NOTE:
Using a voltmeter, the first step is to be sure to set the scale to its highest
voltage settings, then change to a lower scale after you are sure you are within
the range of the voltmeter. For example, when testing what you believe to be a
120V circuit, it is wise to first use the 600V scale, then try the 300V scale, and
then use the 150V scale—just to be sure!!!

Taking a voltage reading across the bottom (load side) of fuses------ either
fuse-to-fuse, fuse-to-neutral, fuse-to-ground--- can show voltage reading
because even though a fuse might have opened, there ca be “feed back” through
the load. You could come to a wrong conclusion.
 Taking a voltage reading from the line side of the fuse to the load side of a
fuse will show “open-circuit voltage” if the fuse has blown and the load is still
connected. This can also result to a wrong conclusion.

Reading from line-to load side of a good fuse shows zero voltage or else an
extremely small voltage across the fuse.
Always read carefully the instructions furnished with electrical test
equipment such as voltmeters, ohmmeters, etc.

When the power is turned off. This is the safest way to test fuses.

Remove the fuse from the switch, and then take a resistance reading across the
fuse using an ohmmeter. A good fuse will show zero to very minimal resistance.
An open (blown) fuse will generally show a very high resistance reading.
Ratings Available for Fuse switches ( Safety Switch box ) in both 250 and
600 volts

15 20 30 60 100 200 400 600

800 1200 1600 2000 2500 3000 5000 6000
Standard ampere Rating for Fuses and Nonadjustable circuit Breakers

15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 60 70 80 90
100 110 125 150 175 200 225 250 300 350 400 450
500 600 700 800 1000 1200 1600 2000 2500 3000 4000 5000
6000
 OPERATION SHEET 4.2.1
INSTALL SAFETY SWITCH

Objective: When you have completed this activity, you will be able to Install
safety switch in accordance to PEC standard.

A. Equipment and Materials needed :

Quantity Description

1 Unit Safety Switch

30 Pcs. Woodscrew

4 pcs. Conduit adapter

1 pc Electrical conduit – PVC ½”

B. Electrical tools:
1.Sets of screwdrivers
2.Sets of pliers
3.Claw hammer

Procedures in Installing Safety Switch:

1. Determine the exact location of installation based on the plan provided.

2. Open the desired knockout holes in top and bottom of safety switch
housing.
3. Install a mounting screw for the top
mounting hole.

4. Hang switch box/panel board. (Note:

the hole in the upper middle back of the
housing should slip over the screw
head.)

5. Level the box. (Use spirit level)

6. Locate holes for the remaining two

mounting screws.

7. Install the lower two mounting screws.

(Note: be sure that the box is leveled
horizontally and vertically).
8. Install conduit connector/adapter in each knockout hole.

9. Install the feeder wire through the conduit

connector in the top of the switch housing,
and connect to terminals on the line side.

10. Cut wire entries at about 12” allowance.

11. Strip back one end of each piece of wire

about 5/8 inch.
12. Firmly tighten terminals to manufacturer’s torque specifications.
(Caution: Loose connection is a chief cause of electrical problems.)

13. Install wires through the conduit connector at the bottom of the switch
housing, and connect to load side terminals. (Note: install the wire
neatly, taking care to prevent the wires from rubbing against any metal
edge.)

14. Firmly tighten terminals according to manufacturer’s torque

specifications.

15. Determine length of ground wire by measuring from top of box to ground
terminal.

16. Cut a piece of wire to the

measured length.
17. Strip back the lower end of the ground wire; install in the ground
terminal and tighten.

18. Install ground wire through bottom hole in switch housing.

19. Form the ground wire neatly so that it will not touch any moving part of
the switch.

20. Insert the fuses into the fuse clip. (Note: fuse clips must fit tightly on
each fuse.

21. If finished, clean your work area, and return equipment, tools and
materials to proper storage.
 ASSESSMENT CRITERIA CHECKLIST

INSTALLING SAFETY SWITCH

Name:______________________________________
Date:___________

CRITERIA COMPETENT

YES NO

INSTALLATION A. Correct measurements. (All

dimensions will be in mm center to
center with a tolerance of + - 3mm.)

B. Remove knockout properly.

D. Select the correct ampacity of fuse.

C. Connect the ground wires

according to PEC standard.

E. Correct wire loop.

F. Levelness.
A. Ahead of time
SPEED

PROPER USE OF A. Proper usage as per manual

TOOLS AND
EQUIPMENT B. Correct handling

C. Tools not broken

SAFETY A. Observe safety precaution

B. No cuts or wounds

C. Wear PPE

Comments and Suggestions:

Trainor’s Signature : _______________________ Date :_________

 INFORMATION SHEET 4.2-2
CIRCUIT BREAKER AND PANEL BOARD

Objective: After reading this information sheet, you will be able to understand
the circuit breaker and panel board.

Switchgear in a broad sense covers a wide range of equipment connected

with switching and protection. A circuit breaker is a switching i.e. current
interrupting or making device in switchgear. The basic requirements of switching
in power system practice are two-fold:

1. to permit apparatus and circuits to be conveniently put into or taken out of

service

2. to permit appropriate and safe isolation of apparatus and circuits

automatically, in a pre-determined time period, when they develop faults.

Circuit breaker

Circuit Breaker is an automatically-

operated electrical switch designed to
protect an electrical circuit from damage
caused by overload or short circuit.
Unlike a fuse, which operates once and
then has to be replaced, a circuit breaker
can be reset (either manually or
automatically) to resume normal
operation. Circuit breakers are made in
varying sizes, from small devices that
protect an individual household
appliance up to large switchgear designed
to protect high voltage circuits feeding an
entire city.
A 2 pole miniature circuit breaker

Four 1 pole circuit breakers

Small circuit breakers are either installed directly in equipment, or are

arranged in a breaker panel.

Photo of the inside part of a circuit breaker

 The 10 ampere DIN rail mounted thermal-magnetic miniature circuit
breaker is the most common style in modern domestic consumer units and
commercial electrical distribution boards throughout Europe. The design
includes the following components:

1. Actuator lever - used to manually trip and reset the circuit breaker. Also
indicates the status of the circuit breaker (On or Off/tripped). Most
breakers are designed so they can still trip even if the lever is held or locked
in the on position. This is sometimes referred to as "free trip" or "positive
trip" operation.
2. Actuator mechanism - forces the contacts together or apart.
3. Contacts - allow current to flow when touching and break the flow of
current when moved apart.
4. Terminals
5. Bimetallic strip
6. Calibration screw - allows the manufacturer to precisely adjust the trip
current of the device after assembly.
7. Solenoid
8. Arc divider / extinguisher

Principles and Operation of Circuit Breakers

Circuit breakers operate using one or both of two principles. They are:

1. Thermal operation relies on the extra heat produced by high current

warming a bimetal strip, which bends to strip the operating contacts.

2. Magnetic operation is due to the magnetic field set up by a coil carrying

the current, which attracts an iron part to trip the breaker when the
current becomes large enough.
The Advantages of the Circuit Breaker over the Fuse:

1. The circuit breaker act as a switch aside from its being an over current
protective device.

2. When there is over current, the circuit breaker trips (cut) automatically
and after correcting the fault, it becomes readily available for switch on.
Unlike the fuses which has to be discarded and replace after it is busted.

3. Circuit breaker can be multiple poles and can be installed with 1, 2, or 3

poles, which will simultaneously protect and switch one to three lines. The
fuse on the other hand, is a single pole put into a single wire and can
protect only one single electric line.

4. Circuit breaker position is easier to detect. It is closed, tripped or open

right at the handle.
The fuse on the other hand, is not easily detected because the melted
fusible element is inside the fuse casing.

5. Circuit breaker can be manually tripped so that in many cases it also acts
as the circuit switch.

Functions of fuses and circuit breakers in electrical circuits:

1. It protects electrical circuits from damage by too much current;

2. Serves as protection of conductors;
3. Serves as protection of electrical loads/equipment;
4. Serves as current limiter to the circuit;
5. Acts as safety valve for electrical circuits; and
6. Serves as disconnecting means

Types of circuit breaker and their operating principle

Thermal trip

- If current flow exceeds the rated limit of the breaker, the bimetallic strip
heats and bends.
 - As the strip bends, the latching mechanism is tripped and the contacts
open.

Electromagnetic trip

- As the current flows through the breaker, it creates a magnetic field

within the coil. During sustained overload condition, the magnetic field
interferes and draws the core into the coil.

- The metal trip bar is attracted to the core forcing the latch to move, thus
opening the contacts.

Standard ampere rating for fuses and nonadjustable circuit breakers

15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 60 70 80
90 100 110 125 150 160 175 200 225 250 300
350 400 450 500 600 700 800 1000 1200 2000 2500
3000 4000 5000 6000
Circuiting guidelines
There are many ways of doing the circuitry but there is no optimum or
perfect way of doing it. There are certain guidelines promulgated by the National
Electrical Code (NEC) for flexible, economical and convenient layout. They are as
follows:

1. The code requires sufficient circuitry to supply residential load of 30 watts

per square meter in buildings excluding porches, garages and basements.
2. The requirements of 30 watts per square meter works out to 80 sq. m. per
20 amps. Circuit (2,400w) or 60 sq. m. for 15 amps. Circuit (1,800w).
3. Good practice suggests that a load should not exceed 1,600 watts for a 20
amp. Circuit or 1,200 watts for 15 amp. Circuit, thus,

a. For a 15 amp. Circuit, -1,200w max. Load –40 sq. m. maximum area.
b. For a 20 amp. Circuit, -1,600 w. max. Load –53 sq. m. maximum
area.
4. The NEC requires a minimum of 20 amp. Appliance circuit to feed all small
appliance outlets in the kitchen, pantry, dining and family room.
5. The general-purpose branch circuit should be 20 amps. Wired with no.12
AWG being the minimum size of conductor wires for convenience outlet.
6. Circuit load on a 15 amp. Circuit should be limited to the values given on
table of branch circuit requirements.
TABLE OF BRANCH CIRCUIT REQUIREMENTS

Branch Circuit Breaker Size

15 Amp. 20Amp. 30Amp. 40Amp. 50Amp.

No. 14 AWG 12 AWG 10 AWG 8 AWG 6 AWG

Minimum size
conductors 2.0mm sq. 3.5mm sq. 5.5mm sq. 8.0mm sq.
14mmsq

Minimum size taps No. 14 AWG 14 14 12 12

Over current device

15 amp. 20 30 40 50
rating

Lamp holder Light duty Light duty H. Duty H. Duty H.

permitted Duty

Receptacle rating
15 Amp. 20 30 40 or 50 50
permitted

Maximum load limit 12 A 16A 24A 32A 40A

Application General Convenience Air-con Main Main

 Lighting outlets Water heater 3-4HP,1θ motor
Special Purpose outlet

7. As specified by the NEC, plug outlets (convenience receptacles) must be

counted in computing the load if it is not included in the load for general
lighting circuit, thus, for 9 and 12 amperes loading on 15 amps. and 20
amps. Circuits respectively, we have:

a. 15 amp. Circuit 91.5 = 6 outlets.

b. 20 amp. Circuit 121.5 = 8 outlets.
8. Convenience receptacles should be planned properly so that failure of a
single circuit will not deprive the entire area of power supply. In terms of
reliability of service, the circuit must be alternate to provide each area part
of the different circuits.
9. All kitchen outlets must be fed from at least two of these circuits.

10. The NEC further stipulates, “all receptacles are potential appliance and
at least two circuits should be supplied to serve them”.

11. Certain outlets in the room should be designed as appliance outlet such
as:

a. All kitchen receptacles

b. Dining room receptacles
c. One in the living room
12. The NEC requires that at least one 20 amp. Circuit supplies the laundry
outlets.

13. If air conditioner is anticipated, provide a separate circuit for this

appliance.
Classifications/types of breakers according to mounting method

1. Din rail type mounted circuit breakers

2. Bolt-on mounted type circuit breakers

 3. Plug-in type circuit breakers

LINE SIDE TERMINAL LOAD SIDE TERMINAL

Circuit Breaker Features. In addition to the relatively simple thermal- magnetic

breakers described above, there are many other features available in molded-
case breakers:
1. Solid-State Tripping. With adjustable long-time, short-time, and
instantaneous trip points and adjustable time delays, it provides easily
adjustable precise settings and stable repeatability, facilitating coordination
with other over current protection in the system, so that the device nearest
the fault opens first.
2. High Interrupting Capacity. As serving agency system increase the current
available under fault conditions, it is important to select properly rated
equipment, including circuit breakers. Those capable of interrupting more
than 5,000 amperes are marked up to 2,000 000 amperes.
3. Current-Limiting Breakers. These, which will interrupt within one-half
cycle, limiting the fault current that will flow to downstream equipment, are
made both with integral fuses and without fuses.
4. Ground Fault Interruption. This is built-in as an integral part of the circuit
breaker.
5. Remote Operation. Shunt trips are commonly used to open a circuit breaker
from a remote point or to open it automatically as in a ground-fault protection
system. Also available are motor operated breakers, which can be opened and
closed remotely.
6. 100% Rated. Limit the loading of a circuit breaker to 80% when the load is
continuous (3 h or more) unless listed for 100% loading will be so marked.
Two or more of these features may be combined in one circuit breaker,
depending on the requirements of the application.
Standard Ratings.

Both fuses and breakers are available in standard ratings of 15, 20, 25,
30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 125, 150, 175, and 200 amperes,
and of course larger sizes (up to 6000 amp) for use where required. Additional
standard ratings for fuses only are 1, 3, 6, and 10 amperes, mainly for the
protection of small motor circuits.
Determining Proper Rating of Over Current Device.
The fuse must blow, or the breaker open, when the current flowing through
it exceeds the number of amperes that is safe for the wire in the circuit. The
larger the wire, the greater the number of amperes it can safely carry.
The code specifies the ampacity (the maximum number of amperes) that
can be safely carried by each size and type of wire. The ampacity of any size and
kind of copper or aluminum wire can be found in NEC. The ampacity of the wire
determines the maximum ampere rating of the fuse or the breaker that may be
used to protect the circuit.

These may aid you to memorize the ampacity of the smaller sizes of Type
TW copper wire usually used in residential and farm wiring.

These ampacities are:

Size of Wire Size of Circuit Uses

(AWG) Breaker

No. 14 15 amp Intended to control lighting circuit.

No. 12 20 amp Intended to control convenience outlet

circuit.

No. 10 30 amp Intended to control higher load outlet ( Air-

con, range, water heater)

No. 8 40 amp can be use as main feeder or higher load

outlet.

No. 6 55 amp can be use as main feeder

The ampacities shown are for wires in conduit, in cable, or buried directly
in the earth. If installed in free air, the ampacities are higher. Strictly speaking,
the ampacity of No. 14, No. 12, and No. 10 is greater than shown above because
the figures given actually represent the maximum permitted over current
protection. The difference is significant only when applying derating factors for
continuous loads, for more than three conductors in a raceway, or for ambient
temperatures over 30 deg. (86 deg. F).
 Important Ratings when Choosing Replacement Circuit Breakers

1. Rated voltage, Rated normal current –values used to designate it and

which is related to the operating conditions of the circuit breaker.

2. Rated breaking capacity –expressed in MVA as the product of the rated

breaking current in kilo-amperes and the corresponding rated voltage
in kV.

3. Rated frequency –frequency of the electrical system in which the circuit

breaker is to be connected.

4. Rated short time current – effective value of current in which the circuit
breaker must carry for a stated time. This requirement is needed since
the fault current, which has to be cleared by another circuit breaker,
may have to flow through it.

Characteristics of Overload Currents:

1. They are greater than the normal current flow.

2. They are contained within the normal conducting current path.
3. If allowed to continue, they will cause overheating of the equipment,
conductors and the insulation of the conductors.
 Parts of a Breaker Load Center

COMMON PANEL BUS CONFIGURATION

Distribution board (Panel Board)

A. Typical Residential Panel Board( 1 Phase)

MAIN

BRANCH

1 2
NUMBERING 3 4
5 6
 b. Typical Commercial/Industrial Panel Board (1 Phase)

A fairly standard American circuit breaker panel manufactured by General

Electric and using interchangeable circuit breakers

A distribution board (or panelboard) is a component of an electricity supply

system which divides an electrical power feed into subsidiary circuits, while
providing a protective fuse or circuit breaker for each circuit, in a
common enclosure. Normally, a main switch, and in recent boards, one or
more Residual-current devices (RCD) or Residual Current Breakers with
Overcurrent protection (RCBO), will also be incorporated.
Breakers are usually arranged in two columns. In a US-style board, breaker
positions are numbered left-to-right, along each row from top to bottom. This
numbering system is universal across various competing manufacturers of
breaker panels.
 MAIN
NEUTRAL BUS

The picture to the right shows the interior of a standard residential service, North
American General Electric style breaker panel. The three power lines can be seen
coming in at the top (One going to the neutral busbar to the left with all the white
wires, the other two attached to the main breaker). Below it are the two rows of
circuit breakers with the circuit's hot wire leading off.

Principles Applied in Installing Panel Board

1. The approach shall be accessible and more convenient.

2. The panel board is centrally located to shorten the home wiring runs.
3. It must be installed near the load center, as in most cases panel boards are
mounted near the kitchen and in the laundry where heavy duty loads are
expected.
4. To limit voltage drop on the branch circuit, the panel board shall be located in
such a manner that no circuit (wiring connections) exceed 35 meters long.
5. In the event that a circuit more than 35 meters long cannot avoided, no. 10
AWG wire shall be used for runs up to 50 meters long and no. 8 AWG for longer
circuits.
6. The upstream side of the device is called Line Side. The downstream side is
called Load Side.
Installation of Panel Board

100 cm Height or less

Panel Board Center line

135 cm above finish floor line

Finish Floor
E. Three-phase MLO

Types of Load Center and Enclosures

Load center accessories and their uses
a. Lug – used for termination of conductors.

b. Grounded (neutral) bar – used for

termination of circuit

c. Ground bar – used for termination of

equipment grounding conductors.

d. Flush locks – used for locking of cabinet

doors to allow entrance of qualified
personnel only,

e. Padlock attachment – used to lock

breakers in the “off” or “on” position.

f. Closure plate – used to fill empty breaker

spaces where “breakouts” have been
removed.

g. Lock off – used to lock breakers in the

“off” position for equipment maintenance
or servicing

h. Handle tie – used to mechanically tie two

or more breaker handles together to assure
common tripping.

i. Conduit hubs – used to allow entrance of

conduits to rain-proof enclosures.
 SELF CHECK # 4.2-2

ENUMERATION

Direction: Enumerate what is being asked below.

1–3 Classification of Branch Circuit

4–5 Types of Circuit Breaker
6 – 8 Classifications/types of breakers according to mounting method
 JOB SHEET 4.2-2
INSTALL LOAD CENTER OR PANEL BOARD

Objective: When you have completed this activity, you will be able to :
1. Install panel board in accordance to PEC standard.

Equipment and Materials needed :

Quantity Description

1 Unit Safety Switch

30 Pcs. Woodscrew

4 pcs. Conduit adapter

1 pc Electrical conduit – PVC ½”

Electrical tools:
1.Sets of screwdrivers
2.Sets of pliers
3.Claw hammer
Procedures in installing load center or breaker panel

1. Before mounting panel, open the desired number and size of knockout
holes for the conduit entry.

2. Mount panel board in designated location.

3. Connect one piece of bare ground wire to the ground bar, allowing other
end to hang from bottom of panel. (Note: under actual installation, the
lower end of the ground wire would terminate at the grounding
electrode.)

4. Strip back one end of each piece of insulated wire approximately 5/8-
3/4”.

5. Install one piece of wire through the connector to the neutral bar
connector; arrange the wire neatly to lay back corner of the panel; then
insert wire in neutral bar terminal and tighten snugly. (Note: the neutral
conductor should lay in the back corner of the panel to leave adequate
 room for the other wires and breakers. It should also be identified by
white or gray tape.)

6. Install the remaining two wires through the connector, and insert wires
in the main breaker connectors.

7. Plug the breakers into the panel bus, plug breakers on both right and
left side, start at the top specifications. The main breaker should be
placed on the upper most left side of the panel board. (Note: arrange
wire neatly, allowing room for the branch-circuit conductors.)

8. Install wiring. (Note: extend all wires into the panel far enough to reach
the neutral or ground bar, especially the green wire after arranging it in
the back corner of panel down to the bar.)

9. Tag or mark by numbers each group of wires that goes to a specific

breaker if the wire are not color coded.

Put a mark Color Coded

10. Fold back out of the way all branch circuit wires inside the panel to
provide clear working space inside panel.

11. Trim out panel board.

 a. Work the green wires one at a time, arranging them against back of
panel in corners and making right angle bends to the ground bar
terminals.

b. Cut strip, and insert wires into terminals; tighten snugly. (Note: this
method places this group of wires at the back of the panel, out of the
way of neutral and circuit wires; also, it gives the technician an
organized procedure for doing the work neatly.)

c. Work the white neutral wires one at a time, laying the wires near the
green wires in the back spaces and corners of the panel and making
bends to the neutral or ground bar.

d. Cut, strips, and insert wires into terminals; tighten snugly.

e. Work the colored circuit wires.

• Work the wires one at a time to the left two-pole breaker, forming
the wire to lay neatly toward the back and side of panel; make
right angle bends to bring wire horizontally toward proper
breaker terminal; make additional right angle bends to bring
wires outward and then into breaker.

Arrange the wires Secure with tie wires . Cut the tie wires
Avoid the wires in touching
Any metal parts.

Note: This procedure makes it easy to trace wires, provides enough wire
length to pull out and check loads with a clamp-on ammeter, and
produces a neat, professional-looking good.
13. Carefully dismantle the assembly and store parts in proper places.

14. Clean work area, and return equipment, tools and materials to proper
storage.
 PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST 4.2-2

INSTALLING PANEL BOARD

Name:__________________________________________
Date:______________

CRITERIA COMPETENT

YES NO

INSTALLATION A. Performed correct measurements. (All

dimensions will be in mm center to
center with a tolerance of + - 3mm.)

B. Removed knockout properly.

C. Connected the ground wires according

to PEC standard.

D. Selected the correct ampacity of circuit

breaker to every circuit as per PEC rules.

E. Performed correct wire loop .

F. Assured that wires are neat and

correctly arranged inside the panel board.

SPEED A. Performed ahead of time

PROPER USE OF A. Followed proper manipulation as per

TOOLS AND manual
EQUIPMENT
B. Conducted correct handling

A. Observed safety precautions –

SAFETY

Comments and Suggestion:

Trainor’s Signature : _______________ _ Date:_______

 ASSESSMENT PLAN

Competency standard:
Unit of competency: Installing Electrical Protection system for lighting and
grounding.
Title of Module

Ways in which evidence will be collected:

[tick the column]

Demonstration
Questioning
Observation

Written
The evidence must show that the candidate …
• Get from assessment criteria of the module (CBC)

L.O. 1

1. Instructions for the preparation of the work

activity are communicated and confirmed to x
ensure clear understanding.

2.Tools, equipment and PPE needed to install

electrical protection system are identified,
checked to ensure they worked correctly as x
intended and are safe to use in accordance with
established procedures.

3. Materials needed for work are obtained in

x x
accordance with established procedures.

4. Electrical protection system is installed

x x x
according to the latest edition of PEC and NEC.

5 Electrical protection system is installed

x x x x
according to the job requirements.

6. Tools/equipment and materials needed for the

installation are prepared in line with job x x
requirements.

7. Safety procedures in installing electrical

protection system are strictly observed according x x x x
to OHS guidelines and procedures.

NOTE: *Critical aspects of competency

Prepared Date:
by:

Checked Date:
by:
 Demonstration

Trainee :
Trainor :
Name of School
Competency
standards
Unit of Installing Electrical Protection system for lighting
competency: and grounding
Instructions for the teacher:
1. Observe the student [insert description of activity being observed].
2. Describe the assessment activity and the date on which it was
undertaken.
3. Place a tick in the box to show that the student completed each aspect of
the activity to the standard expected in the enterprise.
4. Complete the feedback sections of the form.
Date of observation
Description of assessment
activity
Location of assessment
activity
The student…. If yes, tick the box
• can install correct size of protective device
depending on the ampacity of the load as per PEC
standard.

can install the circuit breaker and fuse in their

corresponding box properly.

• can install the grounding wire in the panel board or

safety switch..

• can detect the fuse or circuit breaker if it is busted

or trip.

• can integrate safety precautions during installation

of protective device..

• can install the safety switch and panel board in

correct levelness and in standard height.
Can determine the size of breaker for lighting,
convenience outlet, A.C.U., water pump and washing
machine.

Can prepare the needed tools and equipment in the

installation.

Can perform the correct procedures in the

installation of protective device.

Did the student’s overall performance meet the standard? Yes No

Feedback to student:
Teacher signature: Date:
Student signature: Date:
 OBSERVATION AND QUESTIONING CHECKLIST
Student name:
Teacher name:
Name of School
Competency
standards
Unit of Installing Electrical Protection system for lighting and grounding
competency:
Instructions for the teacher:
1. Observe the candidate [insert description of activity being observed].
2. Describe the assessment activity and the date on which it was
undertaken.
3. Place a tick in the box to show that the candidate completed each aspect
of the activity to the standard expected in the enterprise.
4. Ask the candidate a selection of the questions from the attached list to confirm his/her
underpinning knowledge
5. Place a tick in the box to show that the candidate answered the questions correctly.
6. Complete the feedback sections of the form.
Date of observation
Description of assessment
activity
Location of assessment
activity
The student…. If yes, tick the box
1.What is the role of protective device in the electrical
circuit?

2.What is the required size of protective device of 3.5

mm square wire?
3.Why do you need to plan and prepare first your
work?
4.What size of circuit breaker is intended for Lighting,
Convenience outlet and Air-con?

5.If you need to replace a fuse, what are the factors to

be considered?

6.What protective equipment you should wear when

replacing fuse?
7. How the circuit breaker operates?
Did the student’s overall performance meet the standard? Yes No

Feedback to student:
Teacher signature: Date:
Student signature Date:
WRITTEN:
1. Plug fuses shall not be used in circuit exceeding
a. 125 volts
b. 220 volts
c. 25 volts
d. 440 volts
between conductors.

2. Fuses shall be marked with

a. voltage rating
b. amperage rating
c. wattage rating
d. current rating

3. This type of fuses shall be classified as 0 to 15, 16 to 20, and 21 to 30 amperes.

a. Type “R”
b. Type “K”
c. Type “S”
d. None of the above

4. The branch circuit conductors shall have an ampacity of not less than the rating
of the
a. branch circuit protective device
b. Feeder circuit
c.Main circuit
d.All of the above

5. Branch circuit conductors supplying loads other than cooking appliances as

covered shall have an ampacity sufficient for the loads served and shall not be
a. smaller than 2.0 mm2
b. smaller than 1.6 mm2
c. greater than 2.0 mm2
d. greater than 1.6 mm2
 IDENTIFICATION

Directions: Answer the following questions by writing your answers in a sheet of paper.
TEST I: Identify the following.

1. Its name was derived from the Latin word "fusus," meaning "to
melt."

2. Rainproof safety switch.

3. The Current that flows from one conductor to ground or

another conductor because of an abnormal connection or arc
between the two.

4. The Weak link in the circuit that limits the amperage to a

specified amount.

5. Smallest size or ratings of fuse use in 250V.

6. Larger than normal current flowing outside the normal

current path.

7. Maximum voltages at which a device is designed to operate.

8. Maximum available short-circuits current that an over-

current device can safely interrupt without damage to itself.

9. Several removable metal rings that allow for the entrance of

various standard sizes of connectors into a cabinet.

10. A method by which the conductors of a circuit can be

disconnected from their source of supply.

_________ 11. A material manufactured in standard package to hold fuses that come in
different sizes to prevent insertion of wrong fuses and made up of either ceramic, glass,
plastic and mica laminates.
_________________ 14. A fuse used to protect heating appliances from overheating and
Prevent fire at once.
_________________ 15. It is the smallest standard ampere rating of fuse.