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The document discusses waste management, which involves collecting, storing, and disposing of waste. It lists four importance of waste management: saving natural resources, producing energy, reducing pollution, and recycling rubbish. The document also describes different types of waste disposal methods like landfill, incineration, waste compaction, biogas generation, composting, and vermicomposting and identifies their advantages and disadvantages.

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Jhan Rhay
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31 views2 pages

Assign ES M8 L3

The document discusses waste management, which involves collecting, storing, and disposing of waste. It lists four importance of waste management: saving natural resources, producing energy, reducing pollution, and recycling rubbish. The document also describes different types of waste disposal methods like landfill, incineration, waste compaction, biogas generation, composting, and vermicomposting and identifies their advantages and disadvantages.

Uploaded by

Jhan Rhay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASSIGNMENT-ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

MODULE 8 LESSON 3

DIRECTION:
Please, answer according to your own ideas and thoughts. Copying and pasting
from the internet is strictly prohibited. Make sure that an accurate statement
structure is shown and an ideal answer would probably be visible. Good luck!!!

1. What is waste management?


Answer:
Waste management is an industry which revolves around the collection, storage, and disposal of
waste, ranging from ordinary household waste to the waste generated at nuclear power plants.
Developing effective waste management strategies is critical for nations all over the world, as
many forms of waste can develop into a major problem when they are not handled properly.

2. Discuss at least four (4) importance of waste management.


Answer:
Saving Natural Resources:
It is a matter of serious concern for us when we see that many natural resources such as trees, gas,
and water are diminishing very rapidly. We all know that paper, cupboards, paper cups, and many
other products are made from trees. However, trees are cut down on a large scale every year and
new trees are not replacing them at the rate they are cut.

Producing energy:
Recycling is a great way to produce energy. By recycling something, we save energy because
more energy is usually needed to produce a new item. For example, it is possible to get energy
from recycling the waste.

Reduce pollution:
Recycling is a one of the most powerful tools to save nature and humanity. Making more people
aware is a contribution in a better future. The more people start to manage their waste, the better
planet we will have to live in.

Recycling Rubbish:
Rubbish is a big problem for aquatic life too. A lot of rubbish is thrown away into the sea and
ocean. There are large areas of waste called “waste islands,” which are made of rubbish that has
been accumulated in one place.

3. Describe the different types of waste disposal methods and identify its advantages and
disadvantages.
Answer:

Landfill
In this process, the waste that cannot be reused or recycled are separated out and spread as a thin
layer in low-lying areas across a city. A layer of soil is added after each layer of garbage.
However, once this process is complete, the area is declared unfit for construction of buildings for
the next 20 years. Instead, it can only be used as a playground or a park.

Incineration
Incineration is the process of controlled combustion of garbage to reduce it to incombustible
matter such as ash and waste gas. The exhaust gases from this process may be toxic, hence it is
treated before being released into the environment. This process reduces the volume of waste by
90 per cent and is considered as one of the most hygienic methods of waste disposal. In some
cases, the heat generated is used to produce electricity. However, some consider this process, not
quite environmentally friendly due to the generation of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide
and carbon monoxide.

Waste Compaction
The waste materials such as cans and plastic bottles are compacted into blocks and sent for
recycling. This process prevents the oxidation of metals and reduces airspace need, thus making
transportation and positioning easy.

Biogas Generation
Biodegradable waste, such as food items, animal waste or organic industrial waste from food
packaging industries are sent to bio-degradation plants. In bio-degradation plants, they are
converted to biogas by degradation with the help of bacteria, fungi, or other microbes. Here, the
organic matter serves as food for the micro-organisms. The degradation can happen aerobically
(with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). Biogas is generated as a result of this process,
which is used as fuel, and the residue is used as manure.

Composting
All organic materials decompose with time. Food scraps, yard waste, etc., make up for one of the
major organic wastes we throw every day. The process of composting starts with these organic
wastes being buried under layers of soil and then, are left to decay under the action of
microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi.

This results in the formation of nutrient-rich manure. Also, this process ensures that the nutrients
are replenished in the soil. Besides enriching the soil, composting also increases the water
retention capacity. In agriculture, it is the best alternative to chemical fertilizers.

Vermicomposting
Vermicomposting is the process of using worms for the degradation of organic matter into
nutrient-rich manure. Worms consume and digest the organic matter. The by-products of
digestion which are excreted out by the worms make the soil nutrient-rich, thus enhancing the
growth of bacteria and fungi. It is also far more effective than traditional composting.

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