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Systems With The DC Mid-Point Grounded: Technical Application Papers

This document discusses ground fault analysis in systems with DC midpoint grounding. It notes that with DC midpoint grounding, fault current flows through the ground connection of the midpoint rather than between the transformer neutral and ground. If no energy storage or PV is present, the converter cannot feed the fault current and maintains the DC bus voltage, unlike in other grounding configurations. The document also examines the trends of positive and negative pole voltages during a ground fault with varying fault resistances.

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47 views1 page

Systems With The DC Mid-Point Grounded: Technical Application Papers

This document discusses ground fault analysis in systems with DC midpoint grounding. It notes that with DC midpoint grounding, fault current flows through the ground connection of the midpoint rather than between the transformer neutral and ground. If no energy storage or PV is present, the converter cannot feed the fault current and maintains the DC bus voltage, unlike in other grounding configurations. The document also examines the trends of positive and negative pole voltages during a ground fault with varying fault resistances.

Uploaded by

alvin me
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Technical Application Papers

3.2.3 Systems with the DC mid-point grounded Unlike transformer neutral point grounded systems, in
which the fault current Ig flows in the connection between
3 Fault analysis

DC mid-point grounding offers some engineering ad-


vantages, e.g. availability of two different voltage levels, the transformer neutral to ground, in systems with the
dimensioning of insulation system for only half the full mid-point grounded, the Ig flows through the ground
rated voltage, at the expenses of some additional instal- connection of the DC mid-point.
lation complexity. If no ESS and PV plant are present, the converter does
Nevertheless, DC mid-point grounding has the drawback not feed the fault, because there is no reclosing path for
that, in case of ground fault on one pole, depending the DC component of Ig (Figure 3.95): so, it can keep the
on the fault resistance, even if the converter is able to Vdc at the rated value, independent of the Rg value. As a
control the DC-Bus voltage, the voltage between the consequence, the 5 different possible cases of Section
positive pole and the ground Vpole+ tends to zero, while 3.1 do not apply, and the converter keeps feeding the
the voltage of the healthy pole with respect to ground load.
Vpole- may float and reach the full rated DC voltage (–Vdc),
Figure 3.95 – DC positive pole ground fault current path in systems with
which may cause problems to the isolation system. the DC mid-point grounded without ESS and PV plant
(Figure 3.93-3.94).
Figure 3.93 – Trend of the voltage of the DC positive pole Vpole+ in systems
with the DC mid-point grounded during a ground fault on DC side without
ESS and PV plant and with Rg = 50 Ω (S1=OFF, S2=ON), 50 mΩ (S1=ON, V1 I1 L R
S2=ON/OFF)
V2 I2 L R
450
Rg DC Load
400 Rg = 50 mΩ V3 L
I3 R
Rg = 50 Ω
350

300

250
Vpole+ [V]

200

150

100

50 Thus, the Ig value is only due to the discharge of the


0
capacitance Cdc on the DC positive pole, and it decays
to zero as shown in Figure 3.96.
-50
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
t [s]
Figure 3.94 – Trend of the voltage of the DC negative pole Vpole- in systems Figure 3.96 – Trend of Ig during a ground fault on DC side in systems with
with the DC mid-point grounded during a ground fault on DC side without the DC mid-point grounded without ESS and PV plant and with Rg = 50
ESS and PV plant and with Rg = 50 Ω (S1=OFF, S2=ON), 50 mΩ (S1=ON, mΩ (S1=ON, S2=ON/OFF)
S2=ON/OFF) 8000

0 7000

-100 Rg = 50 mΩ
Rg = 50 Ω 6000
-200
5000
-300
4000
-400
Ig [A]
Vpole- [V]

3000
-500

-600 2000

-700 1000

-800 0
0.49 0.495 0.5 0.505 0.51 0.515 0.52
-900 t [s]
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
t [s]

If ESS or PV plant are present, the steady state behavior


is the same: these source, similarly to the converter, feed
only the load, because there is no reclosing path for the
DC component of the fault current.
So, similar results are obtained for the variation of Vpole+
and Vpole- with varying values of the values of Rg (Figures
3.97-3.98).

40 Faults in LVDC microgrids with front-end converters

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