Delhi Technological University
Department of Applied Mathematics
Mathematics-II(MA-102)
Assignment-I
1. Find the rank of the matrices (using elementary operations)
0 −1 5 5 3 0 1 2 −1 3
(i) A = 2 4 −6 (ii) B = 1 2 −4 (iii) C = 2 4 1 −2
1 1 5 −2 −4 8 3 6 3 −7
Ans: (i) Rank=3 (ii) Rank=2 (iii) Rank=2
2. Find the echelon form of the following matrices using elementary trans-
formaions and hence find the rank.
1 2 3 0 1 2 1 1 1 1 1
(i) X = 2 3 4 (ii) Y = 1 2 3 2 (iii) Z = 3 4 5 2
3 5 7 3 1 1 3 2 3 4 0
Ans:
1 2 3 1 2 3 2
(i) X = 0 −1 −2 , Rank = 2 (ii) Y = 0 1 2 1 , Rank = 3
0 0 0 0 0 2 2
1 1 1 1
(iii) Z = 0 −1 −2 1 , Rank = 3
0 0 0 −1
3. Using the concept of rank, show that the following equations are consistent
and hence solve them.
(i) 2x + y + z = 5
x+y+z =4
x − y + 2z = 1
1
(ii) x+y+z =6
x + 2y + 3z = 14
x + 4y + 7z = 30
Ans: (i) x = 1, y = 2, z = 1 (ii)x = k − 2, y = 8 − 2k, z = k, k ∈ R
4. Show that the equations
x − 4y + 7z = 14
3x + 8y − 2z = 13
7x − 8y + 26z = 5
are inconsistent.
5. Find the value of k for which the system of linear equations
x + 2y − 3z = −2
3x − y − 2z = 1
2x + 3y − 5z = k
are consistent.
Ans: k = −3.
6. Find the value of k for which the system of linear equations
x+y+z =7
x + 2y + 3z = 18
y + kz = 6
are inconsistent.
Ans: k = 2.
7. Find the values of a and b for which the equations
x + ay + z = 3
x + 2y + 2z = b
x + 5y + 3z = 9
are consistent. Will these have unique solution?
Ans: (i) When a = 2, the system of linear equations are consistent and
have unique solution.
(ii) When a = −1 and b = 6, the system of linear equations are consistent
and have infinitely many solutions.
8. Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix
2 −1 0 10 −2 4
(i) A = −1 2 −1 (ii) B = −20 4 −10
0 −1 2 −30 6 −13
2
√ √1 √ 1
√ 1
Ans: (i) [2 − 2, 2], [2 + 2, − 2], [2, 0 ]
−1
1 1
1 0 1
(ii) [0, 5], [−1, 2], [2, 0 ]
0 1 −2
9. If λ1 , λ2 , ........, λn are the eigenvalues of the matrix A then prove the
following
(i) AT has eigenvalues λ1 , λ2 , ........, λn .
(ii) The inverse matrix A−1 has eigenvalues λ11 , λ12 , ..... λ1n , provided λi 6=
0(i = 1, 2, ....n).
(iii) The matrix Ak has eigenvalues λk1 , λk2 , .....λkn , where k is a non-negative
integer.
10. Show that the matrix
0 1 0
A = −1 0 0
0 0 2
has only one real eigenvalue. Find the eigenspace corresponding to that
eigenvalue.
0
Ans: span of 0
1
11. The matrices
3 −1 0 3 0 0
A = 0 3 0 andB = 0 3 0
0 0 −5 0 0 −5
both have eigenvalues 3 and −5 with 3 being an eigenvalue with multi-
plicity 2. Compare the eigenspaces for these two matrices.
12. Solve for the diagonalization of the matrix
−4 −4 −8
A= 4 6 4
6 4 10
13. Show that the matrices
3 −1 0 0 −3 −3
A = 0 3 0 andB = −3 0 −3
0 0 −5 −3 −3 0
both have 3 as an eigenvalue of multiplicity 2. Show that A is non-
diagonalizable but B is diagonalizable.
3
14. Verify Caley-Hamilton theorem for the matrix
2 1 1
A = 0 1 0
1 1 2
Also express A8 − 5A7 + 7A6 − 3A5 + A4 − 5A3 + 8A2 − 2A + I as quadratic
polynomial in A.
Ans: A2 + A + I
15. Find the inverse of the matrix
1 2 6
A = 2 5 15
6 15 46
using the Cayley-Hamilton theorem.
Ans:
5 −2 0
A−1 = −2 10 −3
0 −3 1
16. Using the concept of rank, check whether the following vectors are linearly
independent:
(i) {(3, 4, 5), (−3, 0, 5), (4, 4, 4), (3, 4, 0)}
(ii) {(1, 1, 1), (1, 2, 0), (0, −1, 1)}
(iii) {(1, 1, 1), (1, 2, 0), (0, −1, 2)}
