Department of Education

National Capital Region

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE
MARIKINA CITY

Physical Science
Quarter 2 - Module 6
Radio Waves

Coleen Michelle L. Magalong

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DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE
 What I Need to Know
Early theories in physics assumed that for things to move, it needs
somebody or something to make it move. Example, a hand pushing a ball or a wall
stopping its movement. However, gravity and magnetism seemed to violate this
concept by allowing the movement of objects at a distance without direct physical
contact. Electromagnetic waves are also an example of this, and we will learn about
this here.

At the end of this module the students should be able to

1. define radio pulse;
2. identify the parts of an electromagnetic wave;
3. explain the behavior of a radio wave;
4. explain the Herts experiment;
5. describe how Hertz produced radio pulses (S11/12PS-Mi-68).

What I Know

Read each item carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which among the following EM waves has the longest wavelength?

A. Gamma Rays C. Visible Light B. Infrared Rays D. Radio
Waves

2. Who among the following scientist proved the existence of electromagnetic

waves in space?
A. Heinrich Hertz C. Hermann Helmholtz
B. James Clerk Maxwell D. Michael Faraday

3. What is the constant value of the speed of light?

A. 3.0 x 103 m/s. C. 3.0 x 108 m/s.
B. 3.0 x 107 m/s. D. 3.0 x 109 m/s.

4. Which letter below shows the wavelength of a radio wave?

A. S C. H
B. E D. P

5. In communication systems, radio waves are converted into_________.

A. Pulses C. Kinetic energy
B. Sound D. Potential energy

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 6. What type of wave is produced by a radio wave?
A. Oscillating wave C. Transverse wave B. Longitudinal wave D.
Mechanical wave

7. Which among the following statements is CORRECT about radio waves?

A. It has the shortest wavelength and the highest frequency among all EM waves.
B. It has the longest wavelength and the highest frequency among all EM waves.
C. It has the longest wavelength and the lowest frequency among all EM waves.
D. It has the shortest wavelength and the lowest frequency among all the EM waves.
8. What is the unit use of the frequency of radio waves?

A. Meter per second C. Meter B. Hertz D. Ampere

9. If radio waves were not discovered which of the following technology will not exist?
A. RADAR C. RFID
B. MRI D. all of the above

10. Can radio waves pass through all types of materials (metals, glass,
aluminum, and others}?
A. Yes C. Sometimes
B. No D. Maybe

How Radio Pulses was Discovered

Lesson
by Heinrich Hertz

What’s In

In 1879, German scientist Hermann Helmholtz had a great idea for the
yearly Berlin prize of the Prussian Academy of Sciences. Helmholtz suggested they
offer a prize to the person who can experimentally prove the existence of
electromagnetic waves in space or to experimentally prove the theory of
electrodynamic by Faraday in 1846 and the mathematical computations of this by
Maxwell in 1865.
The existence of the electromagnetic wave was confirmed experimentally by
Henrich Hertz in 1888. This experiment is based on the fact that oscillating electric
charge radiates electromagnetic waves. The energy of these waves is due to the
kinetic energy of the oscillating charge.

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 What’s New

Electromagnetic waves or EM waves are waves that are produced by

oscillating (vibrating) electric field and a magnetic field.

Activity 1

Identify the parts of the electromagnetic wave. Choose your answer from the given
box. Write your answers in the spaces provided below.

Crest Trough Wavelength

Amplitude Electric field Magnetic field

1. ______________________ 4. _______________________
2. ______________________ 5. _______________________
3. ______________________ 6. _______________________

What Is It
`

Heinrich Hertz was the first to send and receive radio waves. Between 1885
and 1889, as a professor of physics at Karlsruhe Polytechnic, he produced
electromagnetic waves in the laboratory. Through his experiment he was able to
confirm that light waves are electromagnetic radiation following Maxwell’s
equations.

Hertz Experiment
The diagram below shows the original experimental setup used by Henrich
Hertz in 1888. In his experiment a high voltage current was applied to the two ends
of a metal wire which generated a spark in the gap between them, this spark
resulted in the radiation of electromagnetic waves, those EM waves travel through
the air and created a spark in the metal coil located over a meter away. The waves
produce by Hertz through this experiment was originally called Hertzian waves, but
in the 1920’s the name was changed into radio waves.

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 http://www.sparkmuseum.com/BOOK_HERTZ.HTM

Using vibrating electronics, Hertz experiment resulted in the following.

1. Made an invisible light wave travel across an empty space.

2. Found out that this wave can reflect or bounce off a shiny surface.

3. Found out that this wave can refract or bend through prisms.

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 4. Found out that the speed of the wave is equal to the speed of light. Placing a
metal and moving the detector in various distances between the generator
and the metal will produce a standing wave. Standing waves have
wavelengths and frequencies that can be used to compute for the speed of
the wave.

What’s More
In Hertz’s experiment he found out that the speed of the wave he produced is
equal to the speed of light, 3.0 x 108 m/s.

Activity 2. Calculation of frequency and wavelength.

Using the formula C= λ x V find what is asked in the following
problems. Note: C = speed of light (constant at 3.0 x 108 m/s)
λ = wavelength (m)
V = frequency (Hz)
1. What is the frequency of light having a wavelength of 2.1 x 10-7 m?

2. What is the wavelenght of light with a frequency of 6.75 x 1014 Hz?

What I Have Learned

Activity 3. Fill in the blanks with word/s that will best
complete the following sentences.

1. The existence of the electromagnetic wave was confirmed experimentally by

_______________ in 1888.
2. Electromagnetic waves or EM waves are waves that are produced by
_______________ electric field and a magnetic field.
3. Through Hertz experiment it was confirmed that light waves are
_______________ following Maxwell’s equations.

Using vibrating electronics, Hertz experiment resulted in the following.

4. made an invisible light wave travel across an ______________.
5. EM waves can ____________ or bounce of a shiny surface.
6. EM waves can ____________ or bend through prisms.
7. The speed of the wave is equal to the speed of _____________

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 What I Can Do

Activity 4. Materials that can block radio waves from

travelling.

Objectives: at the end of the experiment the students should be able to identify
which materials can stop radios receive radio waves.

Materials
Plastic box
Water in a basin
Plastic bag
Deflated Mylar balloon
Saucepan with a glass lead
Saucepan with a metal lid
Aluminum foil Mylar Balloons
https://www.notonthehighstreet.com
Small transistor/radio or cellphone with AM radio /bubblegumballoons/product/assorte
d-emoji-foil-balloon-pack

Procedure:
1. Switch on the radio and turn the volume to maximum level
2. Put radio inside a plastic box. Observe what happens to the sound emitted
by the radio. Record your observation
3. Put radio inside a plastic bag and seal tightly. Submerge plastic bag with
radio, in a basin full of water. Observe.
4. Wrap radio in the deflated Mylar balloon. Observe.
5. Place radio inside a saucepan, then cover with glass lid. Observe.
6. Place radio inside a saucepan, then cover with metal lid. Observe.
7. Wrap radio in aluminum foil. Observe.

Saucepan with glass lid Saucepan with metal lid

http://magic-pan.com/product/press-aluminum-healthy- https://www.kha.com.au/cookware/stainless-steel-
nonstick-sauce-pan-with-glass-lid-100-pfoa-free/ cookware/kh-stainless-steel-saucepan-and-lid/

Post – laboratory questions. Answer what is being asked in the following questions.
1. Which among the materials used was able to stop the transmission of radio waves?
2. Which among the materials used was not able to stop the transmission of radio waves?
3. Punch a small hole in the aluminum foil. Wrap the radio again with this. What is
your observation? Explain and relate your answer to the properties of radio waves.

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 Assessment

Read each item carefully and encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. Who among the following scientist proved the existence of electromagnetic

waves in space?
A. Heinrich Hertz C. Hermann Helmholtz
B. James Clerk Maxwell D. Michael Faraday

2. Which among the following statements is CORRECT about radio waves?

A. It has the shortest wavelength and the highest frequency among all EM waves.
B. It has the longest wavelength and the highest frequency among all EM waves.
C. It has the longest wavelength and the lowest frequency among all EM waves.
D. It has the shortest wavelength and the lowest frequency among all the EM waves.

3. Can radio waves pass through all types of materials (metals, glass,
aluminum, and others}?
A. Yes C. Sometimes
B. No D. Maybe

4. What is the constant value of the speed of light?

A. 3.0 x 103 m/s. C. 3.0 x 108 m/s.
B. 3.0 x 107 m/s. D. 3.0 x 109 m/s.

5. What type of wave is produced by a radio wave?

A. Oscillating wave C. Transverse wave
B. Longitudinal wave D. Mechanical wave

6. If radio waves were not discovered which of the following technology will not exist?
A. RADAR C. RFID
B. MRI D. all of the above

7. In communication systems, radio waves are converted into_________.

A. Pulses C. Kinetic energy
B. Sound D. Potential energy

8. Which among the following EM waves has the longest wavelength?

A. Gamma Rays C. Visible Light
B. Infrared Rays D. Radio Waves

9. Which letter below shows the wavelength of a radio wave?

A. S C. H
B. E D. P

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 10. What is the unit use of the frequency of radio waves?
A. Meter per second C. Meter B. Hertz D. Ampere

Additional Activities

Solve what is being asked in the following problems. Show your complete solution.
1. A wave has frequency of 15 Hz and a speed of 30 m/s. What is the
wavelength of the wave?

2. A wave has wavelength of 10 m and a speed of 350 m/s. What is the

frequency of the wave?

References

(1) Describe Hertz experiment of electromagnetic waves. (n.d.). QS Study

Learn and Study. https://www.qsstudy.com/physics/describe-hertz-
experiment-electromagnetic-waves
(2) Explain the Hertz experiment to generate the electromagnetic wave –
Physics - TopperLearning.com | t1h2wrluu. (n.d.).
TopperLearning.com.
https://www.topperlearning.com/answer/explain-the-hertz-
experiment-to-generate-the-electromagnetic-wave/t1h2wrluu
(3) Fayaz, T. (2020, May 19). Hertz experiment. Medium.
https://medium.com/@tajamulfayaz621/hertz-experiment-
a7c8eba893e7
(4) Heinrich Hertz: The discovery of radio waves. (2018). The Orchid
Grower: A Juvenile Science Adventure Novel.
https://www.juliantrubin.com/bigten/hertzexperiment.html
(5) Hertz. (n.d.). Antique Wireless and Scientific Instruments.
https://www.sparkmuseum.com/BOOK_HERTZ.HTM
 Development Team of the Module
Writer: Coleen Michelle L. Magalong (SEHS)
Content Editors: Reynald Alfred A. Recede (MHS)
Russel S. Berador (SEHS)
Jessica S. Mateo (EPS- Science)
Language Editor: Catherine C. Paningbatan
Illustrators: Coleen Michelle L. Magalong (SEHS)
Layout Artists: Jemwel Dela Paz (CISSL)
Management Team:
Sheryll T. Gayola
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division
OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Jessica S. Mateo
EPS-Science

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero

Education Program Supervisor – Learning Resource Management Section

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office- Marikina City

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 8682-2472 / 8682-3989

Email Address: [email protected]

City of Good Character

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE• EXCELLENCE