3-2 Construction of Bending Moment Diagram

1
by Principle of Superposition for Straight Members

3.2.1 Superposition method of bending moment for simple beams

Superposition
MA q MB

MA

MB
ql 2
MA 8
MB

ql 2
8
 3-2 Construction of Bending Moment Diagram
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by Principle of Superposition for Straight Members
ql M B  M A

MA q MB 2 l
+
-
ql M B  M A

2 l
MB  MA
l
+
MA MB

ql
2
+
ql 2 - ql
8 2
 3-2 Construction of Bending Moment Diagram
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by Principle of Superposition for Straight Members

MA P MB

l/2 l/2

MA MA MB
MB
P Pl
4

Pl
4
 3-2 Construction of Bending Moment Diagram
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by Principle of Superposition for Straight Members

MA
P MB

a b

MA Pab
MB l
Pab
l
 3-2 Construction of Bending Moment Diagram
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by Principle of Superposition for Straight Members

MA P P MB

a a a
P P

MA Pa
MB

Pa
 3-2 Construction of Bending Moment Diagram
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by Principle of Superposition for Straight Members

3.2.2 Superposition method segment by segment

p q

C D
l
Comparison :
MC MD
MC MD q
C D
FQC FQD
 3-2 Construction of Bending Moment Diagram
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by Principle of Superposition for Straight Members

p MB P MC
q
A
C
C D
l
MC MD
q
MB
C D

MD MB
Pl 1 MD D B
4 MC ql 22
8
 3-2 Construction of Bending Moment Diagram
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by Principle of Superposition for Straight Members

The moment diagram may be constructed by

superposition method as follows:

（1） Calculating support reactions.

（2）Determination the magnitude of bending

moments of control sections by method of sections.

Control section –the locations of concentrated

forces and couples , the starting and ending points of
distributed loads, support position and so on.
 3-2 Construction of Bending Moment Diagram
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by Principle of Superposition for Straight Members

（3） Draw bending moments diagram segment by segment.

1. Indicate the locations of control sections; lay the
ordinates of bending moment of control points.
2.Connect points：
At the segment without load – Directly connecting the
ordinates with a straight line between two adjacent sections.
At the segment imposed by loads - First connecting the
ordinates with a straight dashed line between two adjacent
sections, and then taking the dashed lines as base lines and
imposing the ordinates of the bending moment diagram of a
corresponding simple beam.
 3-2 Construction of Bending Moment Diagram
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by Principle of Superposition for Straight Members
Example 1 solution：(1)Calculating support
10kN reactions
2kN/m
（2） Determination of
bending moments of control
C
sections
4m 2m 2m
Taking AC as a free body and
FAy=8.5 FBy=9.5 applying the moment
equilibrium equations about C
MC
C

FQC ΣMc=0， Mc—FAy×4＋ 2 ×4×2＝0

Mc＝18 kNꞏm
 3-2 Construction of Bending Moment Diagram
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by Principle of Superposition for Straight Members
10kN
2kN/m
（3）Draw internal force
C diagrams by superposition
4m 2m 2m method

FAy=8.5 FBy=9.5

M（kN.m)

2  42 10  4
4  10
8 18 4
19
8.5
+ 0.5
4 FQ（kN)
4 - 9.5
 3-2 Construction of Bending Moment Diagram
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by Principle of Superposition for Straight Members
Example 2

12kN
58kN

Control sections: C A E F （G） B

M E 0
ME

FQE
ME = 26kN.m
 3-2 Construction of Bending Moment Diagram
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by Principle of Superposition for Straight Members

Determining the bending moment at section F

MF

FQF

M F 0 MF = 18kN.m
 3-2 Construction of Bending Moment Diagram
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by Principle of Superposition for Straight Members

12kN
58kN

20 4 16

30  2 6
 15 10
4
18 18
26 F 5 B
5  42 5
 10
8
3-2 Construction of Bending Moment Diagram
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by Principle of Superposition for Straight Members

12kN
58kN
16
20 4 M(kN.m)

15 5  42
 10
8 6
26
18 18

38
10
+ 8
FQ(kN)
-
10 -
20
12