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The data below represent the number of hours of pain relief provided by two brands of

1
headache tablets administered to 24 subjects.
These subjects were randomly divided into two groups and each group was treated with a different b
test the null hypothesis that there is no significant difference between the average number of hours o

Brand X1 Brand X2 I. Hypotheses


5 3 Ho : X1 = X2
8 2 H1 : X1 ≠ X2
7 1
3 4 II. Level of Significance
4 5 α = 0.05
8 6 df = 22
7 7
5 3 III. Test Method
6 5 T-test two-sample mean two-tailed test
7 4 critical value = 1.717
5 2
5 3 IV. Test statistics
Mean 5.83 3.75
Std Dev 1.59 1.76 𝑡=(𝑥 ̅_1−𝑥 ̅_2)/√(
t=
〖𝑠 _1 〗 ^2/𝑛_
1+
〖𝑠 _2 〗 ^2/𝑛_
2)
eated with a different brand. At .05 level of significance,
rage number of hours of pain relief provided by the two brands of headache tablets.

V. Decision
Reject the Ho, since the t-computed value
falls under the rejection region

VI. Interpretation
There is a significant difference between the average number
of hours of pain relief provided by two brands of headache tablets.

an two-tailed test

3.04
2 A random sample of 500 students was drawn from a certain University. They were asked to choose th
The results are summarized below. Is there a relationship between gender and the factors that affect

Female Male Total Female Male Female


Field of Specialization
Observed Expected Chi-square
Social Status 74 23 97 59 38 4.05
Fame 99 65 164 99 65 0.00
Physical Appearance 72 49 121 73 48 0.02
Power 57 61 118 71 47 2.86
Total 302 198 500 302 198 6.93

I. Hypotheses
Ho : Gender and factors that affect liking of someone are in
H1 : Gender and factors that affect liking of someone are de

II. Level of Significance


α = 0.01 r - 1 = 4-1 = 3
c - 1 = 2-1 = 1
df = 3

III. Test Method


Chi-square test of independence
chi-square value = 11.34
p-value = 0.0006
hey were asked to choose the factors that make them like someone.
r and the factors that affect their liking of someone? Use a 1% level of significance.

Male
Chi-square
6.18
0.00
0.02
4.36
10.57

fect liking of someone are independent


fect liking of someone are dependent

IV. Test statistics VI. Interpretation


There is a relationship between ge
𝑥^2=𝛴 ((𝑂_𝑖−𝐸_𝑖 ) factors that affect their liking of so
^2)/𝐸_𝑖
x2 = 17.50

V. Decision
Reject the Ho, the test statistics is greater than
the chi-square value.
V. Decision
Reject the Ho, since the t-computed value
falls under the rejection region

VI. Interpretation
There is a significant difference between the average number
of hours of pain relief provided by two brands of headache tablet

a relationship between gender and the


at affect their liking of someone.
n the average number
rands of headache tablets.
3 Data on charter change before and after a televised debate for a sample of 50 registered voters

After the debate


Observed Expected
Yes No Total Yes No
Yes 19 11 30 16.20 13.80
Before the debate No 8 12 20 10.80 9.20
Total 27 23 50 27 23

I. Hypotheses
Ho : Data before and after the debate are independent
H1 : Data before and after the debate are dependent

II. Level of Significance


α = 0.05 r - 1 = 2-1 = 1
c - 1 = 2-1 = 1
df = 1

III. Test Method


Chi-square test of independence
chi-square value = 3.84
p-value = 0.10
le of 50 registered voters

Chi-square
Yes No
0.48 0.57
0.73 0.85
1.21 1.42

bate are independent


bate are dependent

IV. Test statistics VI. Interpretation


There is no relationship between th
𝑥^2=𝛴 ((𝑂_𝑖−𝐸_𝑖 ) change before and after a televise
^2)/𝐸_𝑖
x2 = 2.63

V. Decision
Accept the Ho, the test statistics is less than
the chi-square value.
no relationship between the data on charter
efore and after a televised debate.

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