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Semi Solid Mixing

The document discusses different types of mixing machines used for paste mixing. It describes 4 main types: 1) Change-can mixers which use rotating and planetary motions to mix ingredients in removable cans, 2) Stationary tank mixers which mix ingredients inside a permanent tank using motions like gate mixers, shear bar mixers, and anchor mixers, 3) Kneader mixers which mimic hand kneading motions by pulling, folding, and pushing ingredients between parallel blades, and 4) Pan mixers which rotate ingredients under mullers attached to a circular pan or plows.

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Sudipta Mandol
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485 views16 pages

Semi Solid Mixing

The document discusses different types of mixing machines used for paste mixing. It describes 4 main types: 1) Change-can mixers which use rotating and planetary motions to mix ingredients in removable cans, 2) Stationary tank mixers which mix ingredients inside a permanent tank using motions like gate mixers, shear bar mixers, and anchor mixers, 3) Kneader mixers which mimic hand kneading motions by pulling, folding, and pushing ingredients between parallel blades, and 4) Pan mixers which rotate ingredients under mullers attached to a circular pan or plows.

Uploaded by

Sudipta Mandol
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Paste Mixing

Professor A B M Faroque
Effective Paste Mixing Factors
• Specific gravity of the ingredients should be similar.
• Particles to be kept separated by a protective colloid.
• Particles to be so small that they achieve a Brownian
Movement.
• Continuous phase should have high viscosity to
support particles against the action of gravity.
• pH of the continuous phase (if water base) should
not be extreme.
• To be protected against extremes of temperature
fluctuations.
Theory/ Mechanism/ Equipment Design
• Primarily it is a mixing or blending operation.

• High viscosity impellers not suitable, because they bore holes


without any circulation.

• Impact & shear force to be developed near the blades.

• Small clearances between blades and body.

• Stretching, folding, compaction.


Considerable Power
Close Clearance
Grinding Action
Operating Conditions of Machines
• Container must satisfactorily hold the ingredients.

• Material must be moved progressively into the active


working zone.

• Working elements must operate on the materials in


the active zone and produce the desired degree of
dispersion.

• Product must leave the container quickly and cleanly


at the end.
Types and Evolution of Machines
1. Change-can Mixers
- Change-can Mixer (Pony Mixer) with Planetary Motion
(Planetary Mixer)
- Change-can Mixer with Rotating Turntable
- Troy Angular Mixer
- Duplex Mixer

2. Stationary-tank Mixers:
- Anchor Mixer
- Gate Mixer
- Shear-bar Mixer

3. Kneaders: (Pull Fold Push)


- Kneader Mixer

4. Pan Mixer:
- Muller Mixer
1. Change-can Mixers
Change-can Mixer (Pony Mixer) with Planetary
Motion (Planetary Mixer):
A batch mixer in which the container is a separate unit
which is easily placed in or removed from the frame of
the machine. A Pony Mixer is here –
Change-cans are relatively
cheap. A good supply of
cans allows cleaning to be
done in a separate place
arranged for efficient
cleaning.
1. Change-can Mixers ……………….
In change-can mixers, the mixing elements are
raised from the can, by either a vertical lift, or a
tilting head. After separation, the blades can be
wiped down and complete cleaning and washing
of the blades is simple. Even the blades can be
rotated in a can of cleaning fluid.
Intimate mixing is accomplished in
change-can mixers in two ways: (i) Mixing
unit assembly rotates with a planetary
motion so that the rotating blades sweep
the entire circumference of the can. Example
– Planetary Mixer.
1. Change-can Mixers ……………….

Change-can Mixer with Rotating Turntable:


(ii) Mount the can on a rotating turntable so that
all parts of the can wall pass the blades at a
point of minimum clearance. Example –
Change-can with Rotating Turntable.
1. Change-can Mixers ……………….

Troy Angular Mixer:


In the Troy Angular Mixer, the can is revolved on a
turntable and a diamond-shaped rotating agitator is set
at an angle so that the lower elements of the diamond
sweep the bottom and the side of the can with each
revolution. Thus a very good close clearance is achieved.

Duplex Mixer:
The Duplex Mixer is a further development by adding a
homogenizer to the Troy Mixer. Thus this mixer is a
3-motor machine.
2. Stationary Tank Mixers
These are recommended when there is no
advantage in having the change-can for conveying
or storage, when the batch size is large or when
the feed and the product can be conveniently
handled by permanent piping or chutes.
The same type of mixing actions take place in
stationary-tank mixers as in change-cans. The
contents of the tank must be moved progressively
into the active zone of intensive action at close
clearances. Very close clearance can be
maintained to give intense shear.
Stationary-tank mixers are best used with thin
pastes. They have a very low speed, like 15 rpm.
2. Stationary Tank Mixers ……..

Gate Mixers: One of the oldest of


stationary-tank mixers. Both Gate and Anchor
Mixers are used. Gate Mixers sweep the tank
wall and bottom closely, whereas an Anchor
Mixer sweep closely the wall only.
2. Stationary Tank Mixers ……..
Shear-bar Mixers: It is a modified gate mixer. It
contains a series of vertical paddles passing
between vertical stationary fingers. Thus
intermeshing of moving and stationary bars
are obtained.
3. Kneader
(Pull Fold Push)
In hand kneading a doughy
material, the dough is
pulled out, folded back
on itself, and pushed
down to join the
separate layers. This
action is repeated until
the desired uniformity is
obtained. A Kneader
Mixer most nearly
duplicates this action.
3. Kneader ……..

It consists of two specially shaped S. S. blades


(Sigma Blades) set on parallel shafts, mounted
with close clearances in a U-shaped trough.
The bottom of the trough is curved upward to
form a ridge between the blades. The blades
are given various shapes for various materials.
But all are shaped so that their rotation draws
material down into the active zone.
4. Pan Mixer
Pan and plow mixers are principally used for
mixing putty or clay-type pastes. Rotation of
the circular pan or of the plows brings the
material progressively into the path of the
mullers where the intensive action takes
place.
Thank You

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