BKPM Applied English TET

Applied English
Renewable Energy Engineering
Practice 1 - 2
Topic : Green Energy
Place : Classroom
Time Allotment : 2 x 120’
Lecturer : Nodistya Septian Indrastana, S.S., S.Pd., M.Pd.
A. Learning Outcomes
 Students are able to skim for the gist of a piece of writing
 Students are able to compare nonrenewable and renewable energy
 Students are able to receive information about renewable energy
 Students are able to form and answer questions based on the given text
 Students are able to identify the meaning of technical terms in the field
 Students are able to conduct a group discussion to solve a given problem
 Students are able to present the result of the group discussion
B. Theory
Let’s Read!
Renewable Energy
Energy is the power derived by using chemical or physical resources, and it is the
strength and vitality required for sustained mental or physical activity. People and
animals get energy from eating food. The plants receive their energy from the sun, and
in turn people eat the plants and animals that have also eaten plants-all made possible
by the food chain.
Non-renewable energy sources are those that take millions of years to form and will
run out some day. It is energy that comes from fossil fuels such as coal, crude oil, and
natural gas. Fossil fuels are mainly made up of carbon and were formed millions of years
ago. However, renewable energy sources will never run out, are better for the
environment and do not cause pollution. They can sometimes cost a little more money.
Renewable energy sources include the sun, wind, water, heat from the earth, and
biomass (plants).
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Applied English
Renewable energy is often called green energy because it is a natural energy, always

available and does not have to be formed like nonrenewable energy. The green energy is
always there. For example, the sun consistently shines, water is abundant, and the winds
blow throughout the year. The five types include solar, energy from the
sun; geothermal, energy from heat within the earth; hydroelectric, energy from moving
water; biomass, energy from dead plants and microorganisms and finally, energy from
the wind.
For solar, the energy from the sun is captured in one of two ways. Active uses special
technology and equipment to use the energy and focus the sunlight in a specific spot,
generating electricity. Passive uses no equipment, uses the sunlight as it naturally
changes throughout the day.
Windmills have been used since ancient times, to grind grain, power boats, or for
pumping water. Today, wind turbines include tall towers and 2 or 3 propeller-like blades
at the top that are turned by the wind. The blades turn a generator inside the tower to
produce electricity. Groups of these turbines are called wind farms, found on farmland,
in narrow mountain passes, or in the ocean.
Geothermal energy uses heat from the core of the Earth. The heat is always moving
towards the surface. Underground rocks melt into magma and come to the surface
as lava. Underground sources of water can shoot out as geysers. The sources can be
accessed using geothermal heat pumps, bringing the heat aboveground to be used as
energy. In some areas of the world, steam can be pumped directly to a power plant,
produced by water heated underground.
Hydroelectric energy is made by flowing water as power plants usually located on
large dams control the flow of the water, and as dams block a river, they create artificial
lakes or reservoirs. Water from the lakes or reservoirs is forced through tunnels, and as
it flows, it turns huge turbines to generate electricity. Niagara Falls in New York is an
example of a place where hydroelectric energy is produced.
Biomass energy comes from the recently living plants or microorganisms. The energy
in plants comes from the sun but is still present when it dies. Examples include trees,
branches, scraps of bark and recycled paper, as well as manure, garbage, and some
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Applied English
crops. The energy comes from burning the biomass. Some biomass can be converted
into biofuels as it’s mixed with regular gasoline.
As with both renewable and nonrenewable energy sources; there are advantages and
disadvantages. In the United States, as of 2016, about 10% of total energy consumption
was from renewable energy sources, and about 55% of that use is for producing
electricity. One of the most important advantages of renewable energy is its role in
reducing greenhouse gases. The use of renewable energy in the U.S. and the world will
continue to grow into the future.
(http://www.softschools.com/language_arts/reading_comprehension/science/477/renewable_energy/)
C. Tools and Equipment

- A white board Paper
- A flash disk (64GB)
- Paper
- Board markers
D. Procedures
1. Warming up, the lecturer reviews and the students explore their ideas dealing with
the topic or sub topic.
2. Doing some exercises.
3. Discussing problems and giving feedback to students.
4. Closing: reviewing the topic and giving reinforcement.
E. Students’ Activity Worksheets

Task 1 Answer the following questions
1. Hoover Dam in the Southwest provides energy for millions of people. Which of the
following types of renewable energy is being used?
A. Geothermal C. Wind
B. Solar D. Hydroelectric
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Applied English
2. Areas near volcanoes throughout the world may be sources for which type of
nonrenewable energy?
A. Hydroelectric C. Geothermal
B. Biomass D. Solar
3. Which of the following nonrenewable energy sources includes the use of include
trees, branches, scraps of bark and recycled paper, as well as manure, garbage, and
some crops?
A. Geothermal C. Hydroelectric
B. Biomass D. Wind
4. Which of the following comes to the surface during the use of geothermal energy?
A. Lava C. Geysers
B. Magma D. All of the above
5. All of the following words are fossil fuels, EXCEPT…

A. Coal C. Solar
B. Crude oil D. Natural gas
Task 2 Make five more questions based on the text above.

Questions Answers
Task 3 How much do you know about the different energy sources?
Match the definitions on the right with the energy source on the left.
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Applied English
a) Fossil fuels 1) comes from the heat of the sun. You can use panels to trap
the energy and it can be saved for cloudy days.
b) Nuclear energy 2) comes from the heat inside the earth. It is food for places
with volcanic activity.
c) Solar energy 3) takes energy from flowing water such as rivers, streams and
ocean currents.
d) Wind energy 4) are extracted from the earth such as coal, oil and natural
gas, When they are burned to make energy they produce
carbon dioxide which contributes to global warming.
e) Geothermal energy 5) produces energy by moving blades on a turbine or mill. It is
clean energy but it can make a lot of noise.
f) Biomass energy 6) Is produced from plant or human waste. Wood is the most
common source but now methane gas or vegetable oils are
being used to create energy.
g) Hydroelectric energy 7) is produced by splitting atoms. There is a risk of accidents
and this form of energy produces dangerous waste that is
difficult to dispose of.
 Which of the sources are renewable?

 Where does the energy you use come from?
Task 4 How green is your energy?

You are going to read a short text about an invention that uses alternative energy.
Then you will tell your group about what you read.
After you have heard about the three inventions, discuss these questions:
• Which invention do you think is the most useful? Why?
• Do you think any of the inventions would be successful in your country?
Task 5 Our Green Invention

You are working as part of a design team. You have to think of a new invention that
works from a renewable energy source.
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Applied English
Brainstorm ideas with your group and then make notes about your new product.
Consider the following questions:
• What is it used for?
• Who would use it?
• How would it work?
• Would people buy it?
Task 6 Listening – Listen and fill in the gaps

(https://breakingnewsenglish.com/1712/171230-green-energy.html)
The United Kingdom is doing a lot (1) ___ to increase its________________ use of
renewable energy. It is moving away from fossil fuels and making more use of green
energies, (2) ______ such as wind_____________ power, nuclear power and solar
energy. New figures from the UK's electricity provider show that the UK had its greenest
(3) __________ year ever in_________ 2017 for electricity production.
It even had its first coal-free day for over 150 years. The UK (4) ____ broke 13
clean_______________ energy records in 2017. In June, wind, nuclear and solar power
produced more electricity than (5) _____ gas and coal ______________ combined. It
was the first time this has ever happened. The UK's power (6) __ system is now
_________________ the fourth cleanest in Europe and the seventh cleanest in the
world. The United Kingdom has been trying to reduce (7) _______ the amount
of____________ coal it uses. Coal now supplies less than 7 per cent of the UK's
electricity. A spokesman said it must now try (8) _________ to use less__________ gas
to make sure it meets its target for greenhouse (9) _____ gas
emissions______________. The UK currently uses too much gas. The conservation
charity World Wildlife Fund said it (10) _______ was pleased that____________ the UK is
moving towards greener energy. It said: "We have never been cleaner or greener, and
we (11) ________are on [target]___________ for an even better year in 2018." It added:
"Climate change is wreaking havoc on our nature and wildlife, but we are at (12)
______last facing up _____________ to the challenge. We are turning our backs on
polluting fossil fuels and embracing a new, clean future."
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Applied English
TERJEMAHAN
Inggris melakukan banyak hal untuk meningkatkan penggunaan energi terbarukannya. Ini
beralih dari bahan bakar fosil dan lebih banyak menggunakan energi hijau, seperti tenaga
angin, tenaga nuklir, dan energi matahari. Angka-angka baru dari penyedia listrik Inggris
menunjukkan bahwa Inggris memiliki tahun terhijau pada tahun 2017 untuk produksi listrik.
Ia bahkan menjalani hari bebas batu bara pertama selama lebih dari 150 tahun. Inggris
memecahkan 13 rekor energi bersih pada tahun 2017. Pada bulan Juni, tenaga angin, nuklir,
dan matahari menghasilkan lebih banyak listrik daripada gabungan gas dan batu bara. Ini
adalah pertama kalinya hal ini terjadi. Sistem tenaga Inggris sekarang adalah yang terbersih
keempat di Eropa dan ketujuh terbersih di dunia.
Inggris telah mencoba untuk mengurangi jumlah batu bara yang digunakannya. Batubara
sekarang memasok kurang dari 7 persen listrik Inggris. Seorang juru bicara mengatakan
sekarang harus mencoba menggunakan lebih sedikit gas untuk memastikan memenuhi target
emisi gas rumah kaca. Inggris saat ini menggunakan terlalu banyak gas. Badan amal
konservasi World Wildlife Fund mengatakan senang bahwa Inggris bergerak menuju energi
yang lebih hijau. Dikatakan: "Kami tidak pernah lebih bersih atau lebih hijau, dan kami
berada pada [target] untuk tahun yang lebih baik di tahun 2018." Ia menambahkan:
"Perubahan iklim mendatangkan malapetaka pada alam dan satwa liar kita, tetapi kita pada
akhirnya menghadapi tantangan tersebut. Kita berpaling dari polusi bahan bakar fosil dan
merangkul masa depan baru yang bersih."
Task 7 Comprehension Questions

1. What is the UK doing a lot to increase its use of? Its use of renewable energy
2. In how long did the UK have its first coal-free day? for over 150 years
3. How many clean energy records did the UK break in 2017? the uk broke 13 clean
energy records
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Applied English
4. What did green energies produce more electricity than in June 2017? Wind, nuclear
,and solar power
5. What position is the UK in the world's cleanest power systems? the uk's power system
is now the fourth cleanest in europe and the seventh cleanest in the world
6. How much of the UK electricity supply comes from coal? less than 7 percent UK
electricity
7. What target does the UK want to meet? for greenhouse gas emissions
8. What charity was pleased with the UK's move towards green energy? the conservation
charity world wildlife fund
9. What year did the charity say would be better? in 2018
10. What did the charity say the UK is turning its back on? we are turning our backs on
polluting fossil fuels and embracing a new clean future
F. Evaluation
Achievement tasks/ written tests/ assignments and the lecturer takes the students score
based on their conceptual knowledge and active participation in the class activities.
G. Rubrics of Assesment
Practice scores
Assignments Excellent: 81-100 Demonstrating highly confident actions and
showing excellent understanding and
application of grammar concepts
Good: 71-80 Demonstrating confident actions with moderate
engagement throughout all practices and
showing good understanding of grammar
concepts
Fair: 61-70 Demonstrating confident actions with moderate
engagement throughout most practices and
showing basic understanding of grammar
concepts, but sometimes fail to recognize them
Poor: 51-60 Demonstrating confident actions with moderate
engagement throughout some practices and
showing insufficient understanding of basic
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Applied English
grammar
Fail: 0-50 Demonstrating poor confident actions and weak
engagement in most practices and showing
insufficient understanding of basic grammar
Task Excellent: 81-100 Doing the exercises (81-100%) correctly
Good: 71-80 Doing the exercises (70-80%) correctly
Achievements
Fair: 61-70 Doing the exercises (60-69%) correctly
Poor: 51-60 Doing the exercises (50-59%) correctly
Fail: 0-50 Doing the exercises (0-50%) correctly
Practice 3 - 4
Topic : Energy and the Environment
Place : Classroom
 Students are able to identify the forms and functions of passive voice
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Applied English
 Students are able to apply passive voice in communication

 Students are able to ask for, give and receive information about energy and the
environment
B. Theory
Fossil Fuel Resources
Fossil fuels play an important role in our lives as

they provide us with a lot of our energy. We already
know that fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas can be
used to make electricity, but did you know there are
many other ways in which we use fossil fuels?
Oil is used to make

Coal, oil and gas are different types of plastic
used to heat our homes
PASSIVE VOICE
Oil is used to make petrol

and diesel for cars... ...and fuel for aeroplanes
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Applied English

- Paper
- Board markers
D. Procedures
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Applied English

Task 1 Complete the following sentences with the correct forms of 'be'.
1. Next year, a new power plant will ______________ built near our town.
2. Non-renewable energy sources must ______________ used less often.
3. Wood ______________ first used as a source of energy thousands of years ago, when
early humans learnt to make fire.
4. How long has wind energy ______________ used by humans?
5. Oil and natural gas should ______________ replaced by renewable energy sources.
Task 2 Rewrite the following passages in the Passive.

1. Somebody has stolen a bus from outside the school. Some children saw the thief. The
police are searching for the bus now. They will use the children’s descriptions to catch the
thief.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2. Some people saw a UFO in the sky above London last night. They reported it to the police.
The army sent a helicopter to look at it closer. The UFO shot the helicopter down and
killed both men in it. People have given photographs of the UFO to the police. Experts are
looking at them now.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
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Applied English
3. Someone broke into a local jewellery shop yesterday. The owner had just locked up the
shop when a robber with a gun threatened him. The robber told him to unlock the shop
and give him all the diamonds in the safe. Then the robber tied him up. The police have
organized a search for the robber. They hope they will find him in a few days. Doctors are
treating the owner of the shop for shock.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
4. My uncle painted this picture. Someone has offered him a lot of money for it. He will
deliver the painting tomorrow. When they give him the money, he will tell them the
truth. He painted it one night while he was sleepwalking!
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
5. Our school is organizing a contest. The teachers will choose the best project about the
environment. The students must include pictures and drawings in their projects. The
students will also have to do all the writing themselves. The school will give the winner a
set of encyclopaedias.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Task 3 Fill in the blank spaces below
Fill in the blanks in the sentences below
cannotoilusedheatvehicles
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Fossil fuels are to make electricity, our homes, and make fuel for . is used in the
manufacture of plastics. Fossil fuels are called non-renewable, because when they run
Applied English
Air Pollution
Well Nathan, fossil fuels are important, but
they‛re not all good you know.
Unfortunately when we use fossil fuels we also
harm the environment...
Sparky, I‛m worried about fossil fuels running
out. They play such an important role in our
lives.
When fossil fuels are burnt in power

stations, factories, cars, planes and our
homes they give out smoke. This smoke
contains gases which are harmful to the
environment. This is called air pollution.
In very busy cities where there are a lot of people, cars
and factories making smoke, there is often a brownish
haze in the air called smog. Smog is a mixture of smoke
and fog. As well as not looking very nice, smog can
damage our lungs if we breathe it in.
Task 4 Quiz - Air Pollution
THE GREAT LONDON SMOG

In December 1952, London was engulfed by terrible smog, which lasted for five days.
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Road, rail and air transport were brought to a standstill.
Shows had to be cancelled when fog in the theatres made
able to see from one end of the hospital wards to the other.
Worst of all, the smog, said to be like pea soup, caused the
death of around 12,000 people and illness to many others.
Applied English
The deaths which resulted from the smog were mostly due to; Renewable Energy Engineering
Read the passage about The Great London Smog again and see if you can answer the
· Pneumonia· Tuberculosis
following questions.
· Bronchitis·Heart failure
1. Circle the phrase that means the same as engulfed:
The mainswallowed
cause of the
up smog was smoke
picked upfrom people burning
cleaned upcoal on their fire
fedatuphome.
In 1956 the Government introduced the Clean Air Act, which aimed to get people to change from
2. Why do you thin air transport was brought to a standstill?
traditional coal fires to heaters fuelled by gas, oil, smokeless coal or electricity.
Today “pea-soupers” are a thing of the past, but heavy smog in London in 1991 reminds us that we
still need to cut
3. What downtells
phrase on us
thethe
levels
smogof was
pollution in our cities.
very thick?
4. What caused the smog?
5. Name 3 diseases caused by the smog.
6. Name 2 types of buildings affected by the smog.
7. What did the Government do?
8. Name 3 alternatives to coal for heating home.
Task 5 Unjumble the words

Oh no! Sparky tried to write these words in the smog and has got the letters all
mixed up! See if you can help him by unscrambling the words.
You can find them all on the previous page.
loca
emosk
lptinlouo
etacrfois
nenvieromnt sunlg
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Task 6
Quiz - Acid Rain

Fill in the blanks...
fuels
smoke pollutes
Acid rain is made when __ from burning goes into .

When acid rain falls it _________ rivers and land. It can kill and . It
can also damage some ______.
fish plants fossil

clouds
Find the following hidden words:
acid pollution
T M R R A F D E M E
rain cloud
T H H A C I D U E P
H E E D E U T H S L
E F A K O 16I E L F A
A P O L L U T I O N
Applied English
smoke fish
fossil plants
fuels river
F. Evaluation
G. Rubrics of Assessment
Practice scores
concepts
grammar
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Applied English

Achievements
Practice 5 - 6
Topic : Energy and the Environment
Place : Classroom
 Students are able to identify the forms and functions of conditional sentences
 Students are able to apply conditional sentences in communication
 Students are able to ask for, give and receive information about energy and the
environment
B. Theory
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Applied English

- Paper
- Board markers
D. Procedures

Task 1
Non-renewable Energy
Wow Sparky, I didn‛t realise we used fossil

fuels so much. There must be loads and loads
of fossil fuels underneath the ground!
19where you‛re wrong. Scientists believe that

Actually Nathan, that‛s
there is only a limited amount of fossil fuels underneath the ground.
Applied English
The Earth contains a certain amount of fossil fuel resources beneath its surface.
Scientists think these resources can be divided up as follows:
gas (14%)
oil (17%)
coal (69%)
What will we do without

fossil fuels?!
OH NO! It says here that fossil fuels are NON-RENEWABLE,
which means once they run out they can‛t be replaced!
Look at the pie chart on the previous page.

If we used each of the fossil fuels at exactly the same rate...
1. Which fossil fuel would run out first? ___________________________________

2. Which fossil fuel would last the longest? ____________________________________
Blah blah blah...And finally, it was announced

today that the world has run out of fossil fuels...
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Applied English
Task 2 Imagine what the world would be like if we ran out of fossil fuels.
Think of all the ways your life would be different if this happened.
1. How would you heat your home?
2. What would you do without petrol or diesel?
3. Could you still use electricity? If yes, where would it come from?
4. Name 5 things in your house that are made out of plastic.
5. What could be used instead of plastic?
Task 3 Finish the sentences with a clause in the correct conditional

1. If it is sunny tomorrow ______________________________________________________
2. If you sit in the sun too long __________________________________________________
3. If I were you ______________________________________________________________
4. If I were the Prime Minister __________________________________________________
5. If she had studied harder ____________________________________________________
6. If I won the lottery _________________________________________________________
7. If I hadn’t gone to bed so late _________________________________________________
8. If I hadn’t come to London ___________________________________________________
9. If you mix water and electricity _______________________________________________
10. If she hadn’t stayed at home ________________________________________________
11. If I go out tonight__________________________________________________________
12. If I were on holiday today ___________________________________________________
13. If I had listened to my mother _______________________________________________
14. If I hadn’t eaten so much ___________________________________________________
15. If it rains later ____________________________________________________________
16. If I were British ___________________________________________________________
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Applied English
17. If I were the opposite sex ___________________________________________________

18. If I have enough money ____________________________________________________
19. If you don’t wear a coat in the winter _________________________________________
20. If I weren’t studying English _________________________________________________
Let’s Read!
Global Warming
Ok Nathan, you‛d better concentrate ‘cos this page is quite difficult...
Fossil fuels have been formed over Burning fossil fuels releases the carbon
millions of years from the remains of stored in these fuels into the
dead plants and animals. These atmosphere as Carbon Dioxide. This is
remains contain carbon. a type of Greenhouse Gas.
Too many Greenhouse Gases in the atmosphere act like a
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Applied English
blanket around the Earth, making it feel warm, like the air
inside a greenhouse. It is called The Greenhouse
Effect. When the earth gets warm like this we call it
Global Warming.
Global Warming sounds

great! It‛ll feel like we‛re on
holidays all the time!
Wrong again, I‛m afraid.

Global Warming is
bad news, I‛ll show you
why...
Task 4
Global Warming
Look at the graph showing the level of Carbon
Dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere.
See if you can answer the questions below.
1. What was the level of CO2 in the year 1200?
2. In what year was the lowest level of CO2?
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Applied English
3. In what year was the highest level of CO2?
4. Overall, is the level of CO2 increasing or decreasing?
5. From the graph, what level do you think CO2 will be at in 2000?
6. CO2 is a greenhouse gas. Explain what a greenhouse gas is.
Task 5
Global Warming Activity
Choose one of the four disasters caused by Global Warming which I‛ve told you about.
Write your own newspaper article all about it. Answer the questions below to help you plan your
article.
When you are writing your article, remember to include the answers to the following
questions...
WHO did the story happen to? This person could be real or imaginary.
WHAT happened in the story? The main event(s) that occurred.
WHERE did the story happen? This place could be real or imaginary.
WHEN did the story happen? It could be today or in the future.
Once you have answered the questions above you can use your answers to write your
WHY did the story happen? What caused it?
article. Don‛t forget to include pictures and give your paper a name to make it look as real as
HOW did the story happen? What happened first? Then what?
possible!
This is the way real newspaper
journalists write a story!
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Applied English
F. Evaluation
Practice scores
concepts
grammar
Achievements
Practice 7 - 8
Topic : Renewable Energy and Rural Development
Place : Classroom
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Applied English
 Students are able to skim for the gist of a piece of writing
 Students are able to scan for the specific information
 Students are able to explain simple procedures
B. Theory
Renewable energy – wind, solar, geothermal, hydroelectric, and biomass – provides a lot of
benefits for our climate, our health, and our economy.
Human activity is overloading our atmosphere with carbon dioxide and other greenhouse
gas emissions, which trap heat, steadily drive up the planet’s temperature, and create
significant and harmful impacts on our health, our environment, and our climate.
Electricity production accounts for more than one-third of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions,
with the majority generated by coal-fired power plants, which produce approximately 25
percent of total U.S. greenhouse gas emissions; natural gas-fired power plants produce 6
percent of total emissions. In contrast, most renewable energy sources produce little to no
greenhouse gas emissions. (...)
Generating electricity from renewable energy rather than fossil fuels offers significant public
health benefits. (…) Replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy has been found to reduce
premature mortality and lost workdays, and it reduces overall health care costs. (...)
Compared with fossil fuel technologies, which are typically mechanized and capital
intensive, the renewable energy industry is more labor-intensive. This means that, on
average, more jobs are created for each unit of electricity generated from renewable
sources than from fossil fuels. (…)
While renewable facilities require upfront investments to build, once built they operate at
very low cost and, for most technologies, the fuel is free. As a result, renewable energy
prices are relatively stable over time. (…) In contrast, fossil fuel prices can vary dramatically
and are prone to substantial price swings.
(http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_energy/our-energy-choices/renewable-energy/public-benefits-of-
renewable.html#.VpjQVKSVvb0)
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Applied English

- Paper
- Board markers
D. Procedures

Task 1 Read the text below about the benefits of renewable energy. Try to understand it
without a dictionary. Answer the questions about their contents. Write the number(s)
of the paragraph in the box.
1. Which paragraph is about the health benefits of renewable energy?
2. Which paragraphs are about the environmental benefits of renewable energy?
3. Which paragraphs are about the economic benefits of renewable energy?
4. What is the best title for the passage above?
Task 2 Choose the best answer on the basis of the previous text.
1. Renewable energy has …
a) a lot of benefits. b) very few benefits.
2. Carbon dioxide is a …
a) greenhouse gas. b) renewable gas.
3. Electricity generation …
a) is responsible for more than 1/3 of greenhouse gas emissions in the US.
b) reduces greenhouse gas emissions by one-third in the US.
4. Most of the energy in the US is …
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Applied English
a) generated by coal-fired power plants. b) natural gas-fired power plants.

5. Premature mortality means …
a) early deaths. b) early births.
6. Renewable energy facilities (e.g. wind farms, solar panels) are expensive … and cheap …
a) to use; to build b) to build; to use
Task 3 Check the meanings of the following words and phrases in your dictionary.
lease payments installation property tax income tax
manufacturing maintenance construction
Now, fill in the gaps with the most suitable words from the list. The chosen word should
mean the same as the one in brackets.
1. This car … (making) company sold over 200,000 cars last year.
2. The local government spends a lot of money on road … (building).
3. Both the price of a solar panel and the cost of its … (putting in place and making it ready
for use) are high.
4. Car … (keeping in good condition) tasks in winter include installing your winter tires,
checking your battery and buying a de-icer.
5. How much … (part of your salary paid to the government) did you pay in 2014?
6. Landowners have to pay a … (part of the value of a building or land paid to the
government) based on the value of their lands every year.
7. Wind energy businesses pay high amounts of … (money paid for using something without
buying it) to farmers whose lands they use to operate their wind mills.
Task 4 You have already read about the benefits of using renewable energy sources. From this
text, you will learn what the economic benefits are.
Economic benefits of using renewable energy sources:

1. As it is labour-intensive, more jobs are created for each unit of electricity generated from
renewable sources than from fossil fuels. For example, jobs in the wind energy industry
28
Applied English
include the following areas: manufacturing, project development, construction, installation,

operations, maintenance, transportation, logistics, financial, legal and consulting services.
2. Renewable energy businesses use primarily local workers, so they support local development,
which is particularly important in disadvantaged rural areas.
3. A rise in the number of jobs has a positive economic effect on households and businesses. In a
community, even businesses unrelated to the renewable energy industry can benefit from
the positive economic impact, since people with higher incomes spend more on other
products and services.
4. Local governments get money from renewable energy businesses in different forms: property
and income taxes, lease payments (e.g. from wind energy businesses for using the land).
5. Energy prices become more stable, as the price of locally generated energy is not influenced
by dramatic changes in global demand. Furthermore, the cost of generating energy from
renewable sources is declining steadily, so it will be cheaper and cheaper.
manufacturing – making, producing
construction – building
installation – putting in place and making ready for use
maintenance – keeping in good condition
property tax – tax on buildings or land
lease payments – money paid for using sg (without buying it)
Match the sentence halves.

1. Renewable energy generation is labour-intensive a. income taxes and property taxes
to local authorities.
2. Renewable energy businesses employ local people b. lease payments to landowners.
3. Renewable energy businesses pay c. as it is not influenced by global

demand changes.
4. Wind farms and solar parks d. so it creates more jobs.
5. The price of renewable energy is more stable e. so they contribute to the

development of local communities.
Many people mix up 'economic' and 'economical'. But these words have different
meanings. Look at these two sentences:
The country's economic situation is almost the same as last year.
29
Applied English
LED lamps are more economical than neon lamps.

'economic' is always about something that is connected to the economy, while 'economical'
means cheap, not wasting money or energy.
Some more examples:
 The new law may cause economic disaster in the country.
 The country's economic growth slowed down in 2013.
 The most economical way to see the Amazon River is by air.
 Hybrid cars are more economical.
Task 5 Decide which one is correct.

1. Their heating system is more ... than ours.
a) economic b) economical
2. The majority of the population are already experiencing the results of the ... reforms.
3. The bicycle is more ... and healthier than the car.
4. Cars have become more ... in the past few years.
5. There was a drop in the unemployment rate due to ... development.
6. Try to be ... with the water. We only have 4 litres left.
7. Most of the shops in our town closed down during the ... crisis.
8. They want to buy a small, ... car.
Task 6
30
Applied English
The following words are connected to jobs. Look at their meanings. If you don't know them
in your language, look them up in your dictionary.
to employ –
an employee –
an employer –
unemployment –
labour –
wage –
salary –
Now, fill in the gaps with the correct words in the sentences below. Don't forget to use them
in the correct forms.
1. The biomass power plant … 320 people.
2. All the workers got their ... at the end of the week.
3. As the company had a very successful year, the wind construction managers' … was
raised.
4. Solar Future, a solar energy … expects to see a dramatic rise in the use of solar energy in
the following ten years.
5. The rate of … decreased after the wood pellet manufacturing plant was built.
6. People living in rural, agricultural areas are typically disadvantaged in the ... market.
7. At the moment, there are approximately 3000 … working in the wind farm construction
sector.
Task 7 Watch this video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-2-phLM-ALA
What is the story of Goldendale? Summarize it in 5 sentences.
F. Evaluation
31
Applied English
Practice scores
concepts
grammar
Achievements
Practice 9 - 10
Topic : Green Careers
Place : Classroom
 Students are able to identify occupations related to their field.
32
Applied English
 Students are able to describe certain occupations related to their field.

 Students are able to conduct simple business conversation.
B. Theory
Do you know what green careers are?
A green career can be any occupation that is affected by activities such as conserving
energy, developing alternative energy, reducing pollution, or recycling. Green careers fall
into three groups:
Changing Skill Green Occupations

These fields are adding new tasks or specialty areas because of the demand for green goods
and services. Some examples include:
 Construction Managers, who may need to learn more about green construction
and retrofitting.
 Public Relations Specialists, who may need to develop expertise in marketing
green products or services.
 Farmers and Ranchers, who may need to expand sustainable farming practices.
Higher Demand Green Occupations
In these fields, the job duties aren’t changing but the occupation itself will probably grow
because of the increased demand for green goods and services. Some examples include:
 Bus Drivers, who will be needed to fill an increased demand for public transit.
 Agricultural Inspectors, who will help meet the increased demand for organic and
sustainable farming techniques, and new government regulations.
 Carpenters and Carpenter Helpers, who will be needed to work on green
construction or retrofitting projects.
33
Applied English
New Green Occupations

New Green occupations are those that are emerging because of green trends. Some
examples include:
 Energy Auditors, who conduct audits to determine how energy-efficient homes or
buildings are.
 Chief Sustainability Officers, who oversee green activities at their organizations.
 Wind Energy Engineers, who design and develop wind farm systems.

- Paper
- Board markers
D. Procedures
Task 1 Green Career Research

1. Pick one career from the list of green careers or environmental careers that might
interest you. Find out as much about that field as you can, using a variety of sources.
2. Write a two-page report about a career in the environmental field that is of interest to
you.
3. Your research should, at a minimum, include responses to the questions below:
• What does the job involve on a daily basis?
34
Applied English
• What kind of education is required to work toward entering that field?

• What kind of training is needed for the job and how long will it take?
• What will it cost for training for the job?
• How much does this career pay? (start-up to top)
• Why is the job suitable to your personality, interests, capabilities, and personal goals?
Task 2 Fill in the crossword puzzle below
35
Applied English
Task 3 Choose the correct prepositions to complete the description.

My official job title is Business Sales and Marketing Director. I am responsible ___(of / for /
by) sales _____ (to / for / at) large and medium-sized companies. I have 10 regional sales
managers working ______(to / under / by) me. I used to be in charge ____(to / for / of) one
of these regions myself, dealing directly ____(at / to / with) customers, but now I only look
_____(for / after / at) four or five of our largest customers. My team comes _____(in / to /
at) London once a quarter for a sales meeting and we discuss ____(about / of / past) sales
results and what our strategy will be for the next quarter. We try to focus ____(with / on /
36
Applied English
by) keeping our existing customers loyal and increasing the volumes supplied to them. Last
quarter we saw a small increase _____(of / by / in) sales.
Task 4 Write one word in each space to complete these phrases.

1. You want to start a meeting. You say:
“OK if everyone is ready, I think we should _____ started.”
2. You are short of time and want to cover all the points on the agenda. You say:
“I’m afraid we’re _______ out of time. Can we move on to the next point?”
3. You are not sure if you are in favour of a proposal or against it. You say:
“I’m in two ________ about this proposal.”
4. You want one of the participants to say what has happened since the last meeting.
You say:
“Sarah, could you just ________ us on progress since our last meeting?”
5. You want to ask your audience to interrupt if they don’t understand something. You say:
“Please ______ free to stop me if anything is not clear.”
6. You want to explain how long your presentation will be. You say:
“I’ll speak for about 20 minutes and _______ 10 minutes at the end for questions.”
7. You can’t hear the person giving the presentation. You say:
“Sorry, could you speak ______ a little. We can’t hear you at the back.”
8. The speaker has given you too much information to digest immediately. You say:
“Sorry, that’s quite a lot to ______ in all at once.”
9. In an email you want to say that you will be happy when you receive a reply. You write:
“I am looking forward to ________ from you.”
10. At the end of an email you want to say thank you again to someone for helping you.
You write:
37
Applied English
“_______ again, many thanks for your help.”
Task 5 Role-play
Situation: You work for a medium-sized company. Your boss has asked you and your
partner(s) to come up with some ideas to help the organization to be more eco-friendly.
With your partner(s), brainstorm some ideas and decide which you would like to implement.
Keep in mind that the ideas may not go ahead if they are too costly!
Suggested phrases:
“Does anyone have some suggestions?”
“We use far too much paper.”
“Some employees waste a lot of electricity.”
“What happens to our garbage?”
F. Evaluation
Practice scores
concepts
38
Applied English

grammar
Achievements
Practice 11 - 12
Topic : Business Writing
Place : Classroom
 Students are able to identify parts of a business letter.
 Students are able to write a simple business letter.
B. Theory
Sample Business Letter
Mrs. Clara Winters -------- Return Address

12187 S. Polo Dr.
Fairfax, VA 22030 39
May 26, 2018 -------- Date

Applied English
1. Return Address: If your stationery has a letterhead, skip this. Otherwise, type your name,
address and optionally, phone number. These days, it's common to also include an email
address.
2. Date: Type the date of your letter two to six lines below the letterhead. Three are
standard. If there is no letterhead, type it where shown.
3. Reference Line: If the recipient specifically requests information, such as a job reference
or invoice number, type it on one or two lines, immediately below the Date (2). If you're
replying to a letter, refer to it here. For example:
● Re: Job # 625-01
● Re: Your letter dated 1/1/200x.
4. Special Mailing Notations: Type in all uppercase characters, if appropriate. Examples
include:
40
Applied English
● SPECIAL DELIVERY
● CERTIFIED MAIL
● AIRMAIL
5. On-Arrival Notations: Type in all uppercase characters, if appropriate. You might want to
include a notation on private correspondence, such as a resignation letter. Include the
same on the envelope. Examples are:
● PERSONAL
● CONFIDENTIAL
6. Inside Address: Type the name and address of the person and/or company to whom
you're sending the letter, three to eight lines below the last component you typed. Four
lines are standard. If you type an Attention Line (7), skip the person's name here. Do the
same on the envelope.
7. Attention Line: Type the name of the person to whom you're sending the letter. If you
type the person's name in the Inside Address (6), skip this. Do the same on the envelope.
8. Salutation: Type the recipient's name here. Type Mr. or Ms. [Last Name] to show respect,
but don't guess spelling or gender. Some common salutations are
• Dear Sir: • Dear [Full Name]:
• Dear Sir or Madam: • To Whom it May Concern:
9. Subject Line: Type the gist of your letter in all uppercase characters, either flush left or
centered. Be concise on one line. If you type a Reference Line (3), consider if you really
need this line. While it's not really necessary for most employment-related letters,
examples are below.
• SUBJECT: RESIGNATION
• LETTER OF REFERENCE
• JOB INQUIRY
10. Body: Type two spaces between sentences. Keep it brief and to the point.
11. Complimentary Close: What you type here depends on the tone and degree of
formality. For example:
• Respectfully yours (very formal)
• Sincerely (typical, less formal)
41
Applied English
• Very truly yours (polite, neutral)

• Cordially yours (friendly, informal)
12. Signature Block: Leave four blank lines after the Complimentary Close (11) to sign your
name. Sign your name exactly as you type it below your signature. Title is optional
depending on relevancy and degree of formality. Examples are:
• John Doe, Manager
• P. Smith Director, Technical Support
• R. T. Jones - Sr. Field Engineer
13. Identification Initials: If someone typed the letter for you, he or she would typically
include three of your initials in all uppercase characters, then two of his or hers in all
lowercase characters. If you typed your own letter, just skip it since your name is already
in the Signature Block (12). Common styles are below.
• JAD/cm
• JAD:cm
• clm
14. Enclosure Notation: This line tells the reader to look in the envelope for more. Type the
singular for only one enclosure, plural for more. If you don't enclose anything, skip it.
Common styles are below.
• Enclosure
• Enclosures: 3
• Enclosures (3)
15. cc: Stands for courtesy copies (formerly carbon copies). List the names of people to
whom you distribute copies in alphabetical order. If addresses would be useful to the
recipient of the letter, include them. If you don't copy your letter to anyone, skip it.

- Paper
- Board markers
42
Applied English
D. Procedures

Task 1 Use the list of word choices to answer the following questions.
salutation date complimentary closing signature

inside address return address writers typed name body
1. _______________ is the place for the writer to handwrite their name.

2. The recipient name, company name, and address are called the _______________.
3. The purpose of the letter is included in the _______________.
4. Yours truly, is an example of a _______________.
5. The last line in a business letter is the _______________.
6. The _____________ is when the letter is written.
7. The _______________ is the address of the letter writer.
8. Dear Mr. Johnson is a _______________.
Task 2 In pairs, choose one of the following situations.
Situation 1: You are Head of Human Resources at an international cosmetics

company. You have been in touch with an IT Training company about training for
some of your staff. You have now received information about the training but
need to change some of the details. With a partner, think of what kind of changes
you might need to make (for example, the number of people taking the training
course). Now underline the phrases and expressions in your own letter and on
worksheet 2 which you could incorporate into the letter. Write the letter with your
partner.
43
Applied English
Situation 2: You are organizing a conference for your company’s sales

representatives from all over the country. You have already booked the hotel
where the conference will be held and the sales reps will stay, and have just
received a letter of confirmation. However, you need to make some changes to
the arrangements. With a partner, think of what kind of changes you might need
to make (for example, the number of hotel rooms you need). Now underline the
phrases and expressions in your own letter and on worksheet 2 which you could
incorporate into the letter. Write the letter with your partner.
Task 3 Peer evaluation form

Look at a letter written by another pair. Make some comments on:
Content: How clear is it? Is there anything you found unclear or unnecessary?
I think this letter is clear. but it would be even

better if the form of cooperation was explained.
Appropriacy of language: Is the language appropriate to this kind of formal letter? Does
it make good use of phrases from Worksheet 2? Is there any vocabulary that you
44
Applied English
particularly liked?
Layout / organisation: Is the layout appropriate to this kind of letter? Comment on

anything that could be improved.
Language accuracy: Is there language you think is not correct (grammatical errors,
incorrect collocations etc.)?
F. Evaluation
Practice scores
45
Applied English
concepts
grammar
Achievements
Practice 13 - 14
Topic : Let’s get that job!
Place : Classroom
 Students are able to identify details in a job advertisement.
 Students are able to write an application letter.
 Students are able to make curriculum vitae.
B. Theory
JOB ADVERTISEMENT
46
Applied English
JOB APPLICATION LETTER
Sample Full Time Cover Letter
Your Name
Address
Address
Phone ▫ email
Date
Name of Person
Company
Address
Address
Re: Community Advocate Position
Dear Ms. Name,
I am very interested in your posting for a Community Advocate, which I found through the CareerZone on
the St. John Fisher website. My enthusiasm for community building along with my recent Bachelor of
Arts in Sociology with a minor in Psychology, prompted me to forward my resume to you immediately
with the hope of further discussing my qualifications for this position.
47
In addition to my strong academic background, I have had valuable team building and leadership
experiences, both as Captain of the Fisher Soccer team and in my volunteer work as a Service Scholar.
Among the projects our service group actively supports are the Habitat Housing Project in the city of
Applied English

- Paper
- Board markers
D. Procedures

Task 1 UNDERSTANDING JOB ADVERTISEMENTS
48
Applied English
A The search for employment.

Rather than applying for any job that is available, it is more productive to target your
approach by having a “job target” which is a specific job in a field of employment.
In which particular field are you interested and what job would you like to do,
for example, mechanical technology – welder. Write some examples below.
Particular field Job target
B Am I the person for the job?

Look at the two job advertisements.
Training Coordinator Sales Manager
Male/female aged 20–30 years. Analyze sales performance.

Bachelor’s degree in any field. Generate daily / weekly sales
Computer literacy and English reports. Set pricing of new
skills. Able to work under products.
pressure. Japanese national.
2–5 years’ experience in training. Good command of written and
spoken English.
Apply to: Bachelor’s degree in Business
Human Resource Studies or Marketing.
Department Hi-Glo
International Co., Ltd. Send inquiries to:
59/1 Omega Building Yokohama
Rama 5 Road Industries
Bangkok 10220 Yokohama Building
In pairs, discuss the following questions with your partner:
1 Do the jobs fit your job target?
2 Do you have the required qualifications?
49
Applied English
3 Do you possess the skills they are asking for?
C Looking for work.

 Find a recent newspaper and look for the section that has job advertisements.
 Find an advertisement that links to your job target.
 Cut out the advertisement and use glue to stick it onto the next page.
 In the tables provided, make a list of the qualifications and skills needed to be able
to do this job. Only write the ones that appear in the advertisement.
Qualifications:
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Skills: 50
Applied English
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
D What skills can I do and what skills have I done?

Employers are very interested in what you “can do” and what you “have done.” It is
impossible for everyone to have done everything. Sometimes there are skills we know
we can do, but we have not had the opportunity to do them yet.
Look at the skills you have listed from the job advertisement you chose and put a C
next to the skills you can do and an H next to the ones you have done.
In pairs, discuss the following with your partner:

 Do you share the same skills or do you have different ones?
 What other skills do you possess?
Task 2 WRITING A COVERING LETTER

Fill in the gaps in each section in your own words.
A Introduction Explains to your potential future employer who you are
and why you are writing.
I am a recently qualified and would like to
for a position at your . As you can see from my ,
I have recently graduated with a

.
B Main body Tells them something about the sort of person you are, so
that they will be impressed and ask you to attend an
interview.
51
Applied English
I am an and focused _ who uses

own initiative and sets high
.
Keen to pass on and to others,
I have excellent skills and I am used to dealing
with a wide of people. I am a
learner
who is looking for an to use
strong , and
skills.
B Conclusion Finishes the letter by stating that you are available to

meet them to discuss things further.
I would like to you to further discuss the

of our working . I am available to ____
an at your convenience.
C Now complete your own covering letter on the next page.
52
Applied English
Task 3 SIMULATED INTERVIEW
53
Applied English
A What are your personal qualities?

Make a list of some of your personal qualities, for example, sensitive, warm,
supportive, friendly.
1 ________________________ 6 _______________________
2 ________________________ 7 _______________________
3 ________________________ 8 _______________________
4 ________________________ 9 _______________________
5 ________________________ 10 ______________________
B Tell me something about yourself.

Select two personal qualities that are similar to each other or that go together and use an
example from your I can do and I have done statements to illustrate them.
Example: I am an honest person. I can be trusted.
I worked in a store and took care of the cash and stock on my own.
1 ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
2 ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
3 ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
4 ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
5 ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
C The simulated interview.
54
Applied English
In groups of three take it in turns to interview each other using the dialogue on the
following page. One person should listen and give feedback at the end.
Interviewee: (Knock Knock)
Interviewer: Come In. Hello, my name’s _________ ________ . Pleased to meet you.
Interviewee: Hello, my name’s _______ ________ . Pleased to meet you, too.
Interviewer: Please have a seat.
Interviewee: Thank you.
Interviewer: Thank you for coming today. Did you travel far?
Interviewee: About _____________ kilometers.
Interviewer: How did you come here?
Interviewee: I came here by __________________ .
Interviewer: So, I have your résumé, but can you tell me something about yourself?
Interviewee: [*Five sentences, each with two personal qualities and an example
of how they show your qualities.]
Interviewer: Thank you. Why do you want to work for this company?
Interviewee: I’m not looking for just a salary. I enjoy my work and I am proud
of my profession. Your company aims to be the best and I think
that gives us certain things in common. I believe that I would fit in
well with your team.
Interviewer: Do you have any questions for me?
Interviewee: Yes, I do. Why is this job available?
Interviewer: The person who was working here before left to travel around the world.
Interviewee: Where does the job lead?
Interviewer: After about a year, you will be eligible for a promotion, which means
you can be transferred to any of the departments in the company. Do
you have any more questions for me?
Interviewee: No, I don’t think so.
Interviewer: Thank you for coming. We will let you know.
Interviewee: Thank you, goodbye.
Interviewer: Goodbye.
F. Evaluation
55
Applied English
Practice scores
concepts
grammar
Achievements
56

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Applied English

Renewable Energy Engineering

Renewable energy is often called green energy because it is a natural energy, always

C. Tools and Equipment

E. Students’ Activity Worksheets

5. All of the following words are fossil fuels, EXCEPT…

Task 2 Make five more questions based on the text above.

 Which of the sources are renewable?

Task 4 How green is your energy?

Task 5 Our Green Invention

Task 6 Listening – Listen and fill in the gaps

keempat di Eropa dan ketujuh terbersih di dunia.

merangkul masa depan baru yang bersih."

Task 7 Comprehension Questions

 Students are able to apply passive voice in communication

Fossil fuels play an important role in our lives as

Oil is used to make

Oil is used to make petrol

C. Tools and Equipment

E. Students’ Activity Worksheets

Task 2 Rewrite the following passages in the Passive.

Task 3 Fill in the blank spaces below

Fill in the blanks in the sentences below

When fossil fuels are burnt in power

Task 4 Quiz - Air Pollution

THE GREAT LONDON SMOG

4. What caused the smog?

5. Name 3 diseases caused by the smog.

6. Name 2 types of buildings affected by the smog.

7. What did the Government do?

8. Name 3 alternatives to coal for heating home.

Task 5 Unjumble the words

Quiz - Acid Rain

Acid rain is made when __ from burning goes into .

ﬁsh plants fossil

Find the following hidden words:

insufficient understanding of basic grammar

C. Tools and Equipment

E. Students’ Activity Worksheets

Wow Sparky, I didn‛t realise we used fossil

19where you‛re wrong. Scientists believe that

What will we do without

Look at the pie chart on the previous page.

1. Which fossil fuel would run out ﬁrst? ___________________________________

Blah blah blah...And ﬁnally, it was announced

2. What would you do without petrol or diesel?

4. Name 5 things in your house that are made out of plastic.

5. What could be used instead of plastic?

Task 3 Finish the sentences with a clause in the correct conditional

17. If I were the opposite sex ___________________________________________________

Too many Greenhouse Gases in the atmosphere act like a

Global Warming sounds

Wrong again, I‛m afraid.

1. What was the level of CO2 in the year 1200?

2. In what year was the lowest level of CO2?

3. In what year was the highest level of CO2?

4. Overall, is the level of CO2 increasing or decreasing?

6. CO2 is a greenhouse gas. Explain what a greenhouse gas is.

Global Warming Activity

WHAT happened in the story? The main event(s) that occurred.