COVID-19 RESBAKUNA: UNFOLDING RESPONSES OF

BUGASONGNON WHO GOT VACCINATED

Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION

1.Background of the Study

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a major threat to public
health and had a significant impact on all aspects of life. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to
a dramatic loss of human life worldwide and presents an unprecedented challenge to public
health, food systems and the world of work.(www.frontiersin.org) An effective vaccine is the
most anticipated resolution. Vaccines are effective interventions that can reduce the high
burden diseases globally. One of the most important developments in our fight against the
pandemic is the development of Covid-19 vaccines which have been the hard work of
scientific and medical professionals all over the world which have allowed us to enter the year
2021 with not just brand new insights, best renewed confidence and vigor to fight this
pandemic, says Sec. Francisco T. Duque (Secretary of Health). The breakthroughs in the
development of a vaccine for Covid-19 is an effective way of protecting our communities by
reducing the possibility of severe cases and also reducing deaths caused by severe effects of
the virus and preventing symptoms from occuring thereby reducing transmission.

Furthermore, the countries now all over the world are launching their respective vaccination
program to turn the tides of pandemic, with the Philippines among the rank of countries to
have give the green light for the largest vaccination campaigns to date. The Covid-19
vaccination program in the Philippines is an on going immunization campaign against severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ( SARS-CoV-2) the virus that causes coronavirus
disease 2019 ( COVID-19), in response to the on going pandemic in the country.
(en.m.wikipedia.org) Through the National Vaccine Deployment Plan, the Philippine
government counterparts, as well as partners in the private sector and civil society. Moreover,
by approaching the vaccination program in a whole-of-system, whole-of-government, whole-
of-society approach, we can ensure the successes of the National Vaccine Deployment
Program in delivering safe, effective, and accessible vaccine for all Filipinos.(Sec.
FranciscoT.Duque)

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Covid-19 vaccine in the
country was implemented through a clinical development with a three-phase process. During
Phase I, small groups of people receive the trial vaccine. In Phase II, the clinical study is
expanded and vaccine is given to people who have characteristics (such as age and physical
health) similar to those for whom the new vaccine is intended. In Phase III, the vaccine is
given to thousands of people and tested for efficacy and safety.(en.m.wikipedia.org) The
Covid-19 Vaccine Deployment and Vaccination Program is a combined national, regional, and
local responsibility that required close collaboration between public health, external agencies,
and community partners. The vaccination first prioritized frontline workers in health facilities
both national and local, private and public,, health professionals, and non-professionals like
students, nursing aides, janitors, barangay health workers, then senior citizens aged 60 years
old and above and also the teachers, social worker, and other government and essential
workers which have been successfully implemented throughout the different regions in the
country.(Department of Health)

As per report on Covid-19 vaccination update by the Municipal Rural Health office, dated May
1, 2021 , there were 305 Bugasongnons who got vaccinated by Sinovac vaccine out of 33,
642 population. The data emplies that the health authorities need to double their efforts in
reaching the set target or the number of persons to be vaccinated. However, there were to
Bugasongnons who were reported positive of Covid-19 infection as of May 16, 2021.(Covid-
19 Bulletin, 2021)

2. Statement of the Problem

The research study will help to determine the responses of the Bugasongnons who got
vaccinated for the year 2021. During the study, it is expected that each person has a different
point of view or perspective.
Specifically, this study will seek answers to the following questions:

1. What are the most common side effects after getting a COVID-19 vaccine

2. What are the significant changes to the social behavior of the residents after the
vaccination

3. Is there a medical assistance extended by health workers of the government to the

vaccinated residents?
3. Significance of the Study
This study will be conducted to know the responses of Bugasongnons who got
vaccinated against covid-19. The results of this study will help to develop awareness for
Bugasongnon citizens.
Specifically, the result of this study may contribute an impact to the following:

Community
This study may help the community to better understand the vaccination and to improve
attitudes and behaviors towards health awareness.

Residents of Bugasong
This study will be useful to the Bugasongnons who are not yet vaccinated to gain
awareness regarding of the implemented vaccination.

Researchers
The result of this study will provide the researchers an idea, the inner feelings and
sentiments of the Bugasongnons who got vaccinated.

4. Scope and Delimitation

This study focuses on the unfolding responses of Bugasongnon who got vaccinated by the
Covid-19 vaccine. The data collection will be conducted to randomly selected 10 residents of
Bugasong in year 2021 who will represent the population.

This study will only cover the problems considered for investigation. Each respondents is
given the same questionnaires to answer. The result of this study will be applicable only to the
respondent of this study and will not be used as a measure to the reponses of Bugasongnons
who got vaccinated. The main source of data will be the questionnaire, which is prepared by
the researchers.
5. Definition of Terms
For better understanding and clarification of this study, the following terms are defined.
The same definitions have been adopted in the study:

COVID-19- an acute respiratory illness in humans caused by a coronavirus, capable of

producing severe symptoms and in some cases death, especially in older people and those
with underlying health conditions.

Resident- a person who lives in a particular place.

In this study “resident” refers to the people who live within the area of Bugasong.

Resbakuna- The national Covid-19 vaccination campaign of the Philippines.

Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

This chapter is a discussion of the literature and the result of other related researchers to
which the present study is related or has some bearing similarity. This gave the author
enough background in understanding the study.

It contains three parts, namely: (1) Covid-19: General Information, (2) Impacts of Covid-
19 on People's Livelihood, (3) Benefits of Vaccination

Covid-19: General Information

COVID-19, previously called the Novel Coronavirus, is a disease caused by a newly

discovered strain of coronavirus which has been declared a pandemic by the World
Health Organization (WHO). Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses which cause
illness including the ‘common cold’. This virus has been named “SARS-CoV-2” and the
disease it causes is called the “coronavirus disease 2019” or “COVID-19’ for short.
COVID-19 spreads in several ways. It can spread from a person who is infected directly
to another person through small droplets from the nose or mouth. This can occur when
the person coughs, speaks or sneezes, for example. These droplets land on objects and
other surfaces. A non-infected person can then touch these objects with the virus and
then spread them to their eyes, nose and/or mouth. The virus can also be transmitted to
other persons by physical contact such as hugging, kissing, shaking hands and other
forms of close social contact. The virus that causes COVID-19 is spreading from person-
to-person very quickly. Someone who has COVID-19 can spread the illness to others.
Remember, the disease can be spread even by some persons who show little or no
symptoms. That is why patients who are suspected of having the disease are isolated
either in the hospital or at home (depending on how sick they are) until they are better
and no longer pose a risk of infecting others.

Some persons have no symptoms and may spread the disease even before they show
symptoms. Most people (about 80%) recover without needing special treatment.
However, around 1 out of every 6 people who gets COVID-19 becomes seriously ill and
develops difficulty with breathing including developing pneumonia. As the virus is
spreading rapidly, the number of persons who can potentially be ill at the same time can
be significant. This can therefore overwhelm the healthcare resources. This is why
restrictions on your daily life may be necessary, including avoiding mass gatherings,
staying away from school and cancelling travel activities. Older persons, and those with
underlying medical problems like heart disease, high blood pressure and/or diabetes, are
more likely to develop severe illness if they get this virus. This does not mean that
younger persons cannot become unwell.

Quarantine means separating a person or group of people who have been exposed
to a contagious disease but have not developed illness (symptoms), from others who
have not been exposed, in order to prevent the possible spread of that disease. As stated
before, most patients have recovered completely with no complications observed to date.
If you are healthy, you only need to wear a mask if you are taking care of a person with
suspected infection. If you do not know how to wear and care for a mask, it my increase
the chance of you getting the virus from frequent touching and adjusting of it. Masks are
effective only when used in combination with the recommended ways to reduce catching
the virus including frequent hand washing with soap and water firstly, or by the use of
alcohol-based hand cleansers if soap and water are not available. Worldwide there is a
shortage of these masks and these must be used wisely. If you wear a mask, then you
must know how to use it and dispose of it properly.

Older persons, persons who have pre-existing conditions (such as high blood
pressure, heart disease, lung disease, cancer or diabetes) appear to develop serious
illness more often than others. Other risk factors include persons whose immune system
may be compromised or if using medication to suppress their immune system. Health
care workers who provide care to COVID-19 patients are also included in the risk group.
Research is ongoing on this area. It is not certain how long the virus that causes COVID-
19 survives on surfaces, but it seems to behave like other coronaviruses. Studies
suggest that these viruses may persist on surfaces for a few hours or up to several days
depending on the type of surface (e.g. plastic, stainless steel) and the environmental
conditions (e.g. temperature, humidity). The virus is, however, killed by the use of
disinfectants and cleaners when used per the instructions of use. (Gov. tt, 2020)

Impacts of Covid-19 on People's Livelihood

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a dramatic loss of human life worldwide and
presents an unprecedented challenge to public health, food systems and the world of
work. The economic and social disruption caused by the pandemic is devastating: tens of
millions of people are at risk of falling into extreme poverty, while the number of
undernourished people, currently estimated at nearly 690 million, could increase by up to
132 million by the end of the year. Millions of enterprises face an existential threat. Nearly
half of the world’s 3.3 billion global workforce are at risk of losing their livelihoods.
Informal economy workers are particularly vulnerable because the majority lack social
protection and access to quality health care and have lost access to productive assets.
Without the means to earn an income during lockdowns, many are unable to feed
themselves and their families. For most, no income means no food, or, at best, less food
and less nutritious food.

The pandemic has been affecting the entire food system and has laid bare its fragility.
Border closures, trade restrictions and confinement measures have been preventing
farmers from accessing markets, including for buying inputs and selling their produce,
and agricultural workers from harvesting crops, thus disrupting domestic and international
food supply chains and reducing access to healthy, safe and diverse diets. The pandemic
has decimated jobs and placed millions of livelihoods at risk. As breadwinners lose jobs,
fall ill and die, the food security and nutrition of millions of women and men are under
threat, with those in low-income countries, particularly the most marginalized populations,
which include small-scale farmers and indigenous peoples, being hardest hit. Millions of
agricultural workers – waged and self-employed – while feeding the world, regularly face
high levels of working poverty, malnutrition and poor health, and suffer from a lack of
safety and labour protection as well as other types of abuse. With low and irregular
incomes and a lack of social support, many of them are spurred to continue working,
often in unsafe conditions, thus exposing themselves and their families to additional risks.
Further, when experiencing income losses, they may resort to negative coping strategies,
such as distress sale of assets, predatory loans or child labour. Migrant agricultural
workers are particularly vulnerable, because they face risks in their transport, working
and living conditions and struggle to access support measures put in place by
governments. Guaranteeing the safety and health of all agri-food workers – from primary
producers to those involved in food processing, transport and retail, including street food
vendors – as well as better incomes and protection, will be critical to saving lives and
protecting public health, people’s livelihoods and food security. In the COVID-19 crisis
food security, public health, and employment and labour issues, in particular workers’
health and safety, converge. Adhering to workplace safety and health practices and
ensuring access to decent work and the protection of labour rights in all industries will be
crucial in addressing the human dimension of the crisis. Immediate and purposeful action
to save lives and livelihoods should include extending social protection towards universal
health coverage and income support for those most affected. These include workers in
the informal economy and in poorly protected and low-paid jobs, including youth, older
workers, and migrants. Particular attention must be paid to the situation of women, who
are over-represented in low-paid jobs and care roles. Different forms of support are key,
including cash transfers, child allowances and healthy school meals, shelter and food
relief initiatives, support for employment retention and recovery, and financial relief for
businesses, including micro, small and medium-sized enterprises. In designing and
implementing such measures it is essential that governments work closely with
employers and workers.
Countries dealing with existing humanitarian crises or emergencies are particularly
exposed to the effects of COVID-19. Responding swiftly to the pandemic, while ensuring
that humanitarian and recovery assistance reaches those most in need, is critical. Now is
the time for global solidarity and support, especially with the most vulnerable in our
societies, particularly in the emerging and developing world. Only together can we
overcome the intertwined health and social and economic impacts of the pandemic and
prevent its escalation into a protracted humanitarian and food security catastrophe, with
the potential loss of already achieved development gains. We must recognize this
opportunity to build back better, as noted in the Policy Brief issued by the United Nations
Secretary-General. We are committed to pooling our expertise and experience to support
countries in their crisis response measures and efforts to achmust recognize this
opportunity to build back better, as noted in the Policy Brief issued by the United Nations
Secretary-General. We are committed to pooling our expertise and experience to support
countries in their crisis response measures and efforts to achieve the Sustainable
Development Goals. We need to develop long-term sustainable strategies to address the
challenges facing the health and agri-food sectors. Priority should be given to addressing
underlying food security and malnutrition challenges, tackling rural poverty, in particular
through more and better jobs in the rural economy, extending social protection to all,
facilitating safe migration pathways and promoting the formalization of the informal
economy. We must rethink the future of our environment and tackle climate change and
environmental degradation with ambition and urgency. Only then can we protect the
health, livelihoods, food security and nutrition of all people, and ensure that our ‘new
normal’ is a better one. (WHO, 2021)

Benefits of Vaccination

The vaccine reduces your risk of infection. Once you receive your first shot, your body
begins producing antibodies to the coronavirus. These antibodies help your immune
system fight the virus if you happen to be exposed, so it reduces your chance of getting
the disease. There are three vaccines authorized for use in the United States, and they
are all more than 70% effective in preventing infection. It’s true that you can still become
infected after being vaccinated, but once more of the population is vaccinated, those
chances are further reduced to something called herd immunity. So, getting vaccinated
not only reduces your chance of being infected, it also contributes to community
protection, reducing the likelihood of virus transmission.
The vaccine can help your unborn baby or newborn. A new study found that expectant
mothers who receive the COVID-19 vaccine create antibodies to the virus and pass
those to their unborn baby through the placenta. Mothers were also shown to pass
antibodies to their newborns through breast milk. This suggests those newborns have
some immunity to the virus, which is especially important as young children cannot get
the vaccine. Learn more about vaccine considerations for pregnant and nursing women.

The vaccine protects against severe illness. During studies, the three authorized
vaccines have shown to be effective at preventing severe illness from COVID-19. So
even if you were vaccinated and become infected, you are very unlikely to become
severely ill. The clinical trials for the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines showed they
were 100% effective at preventing severe illness. The Johnson & Johnson vaccine
showed 85% effectiveness against severe illness.Studies have shown vaccinated people
who do get infected have mild to moderate cases of COVID-19 compared to those who
aren’t vaccinated. So, your risk of hospitalization and death because of COVID-19 is
nearly eliminated once you are fully vaccinated.

The vaccine (eventually) will help us ditch the masks. The vaccine is the final step in our
effort to get back to a more normal way of life. Public health measures such as mask
wearing, physical distancing and hand-washing were implemented to slow the spread of
the virus, and they have proven to work. We should continue with these precautions until
enough people are immunized, especially the most vulnerable in our community.
However, these rules will not be in place forever. New evidence suggests that vaccinated
people who might be infected with the coronavirus have fewer virus particles in their nose
and mouth and are less likely to spread it to others. This finding is important as getting
vaccinated now not only protects you, but also limits spreading the virus to loved ones
and friends. When enough people are protected through vaccination and prior infection,
we can reach herd immunity, which means the spread of the virus becomes unlikely. At
that time, masks and physical distancing might not be required any longer. But, for the
time being, we need to continue to follow public health guidance.

The vaccine will help you reconnect with friends and family. Once you’ve received the
vaccine and waited the recommended time for your body to build immunity, you can visit
in person with other people who have been vaccinated or those at low risk of infection
without wearing a mask. This is the first step in re-establishing those in-person
connections that are so important in our lives. Also, if you’ve been around someone who
has tested positive for COVID-19, you do not need to quarantine if you are fully
vaccinated and not experiencing symptoms. After a year of uncertainty, the vaccine has
arrived and has clear benefits that should make everyone strongly considered getting the
shot. By choosing to be vaccinated, you can protect not only yourself and your family but
your community as well. (Curators of the University of Missouri, 2020)
Chapter 3

Methodology

This chapter explain various methodologies that were used in gathering data ang
analaysis which are relevant to the research. The methodologies includes: 1) Research
Design, 2) Setting, 3) Participants of the Study, 4) Ethical Consideration, 5) Research
Questions, 6) Interview Instrument Protocol, and 7) Data Analysis Strategy.

Research Design

This qualitative research design will use online questionnaire as the primary means of
data collection. Survey questions would be taken from Bugasongnon Citizens. Through
these gathered data, the objectives of the study is to know the responses of
Bugasongnons who got vaccinated.

Setting and Participants of the Study

The research study will involve participants from the Municipality of Bugasong. Since it is
still on pandemic season, face to face meeting and interactions are still limited due to the
prevention of Covid-19. The researchers will follow the implented health protocols, and
the researcher will reach out the random vaccinated Bugasongnons virtually through the
help of online communication apps like Messenger and Google meet.

Ethical Considerations

Ethical considerations are necessary for research projects as all participants have moral
and legal rights. For this study, the researcher ensured they interacted with the
participants in a virtual way or online, that they will not invade their privacy without
consent from them, that the research will not hurt their feelings and that all information
received from them was acknowledge and accurately represented.

Some ethical considerations this study insured for the participants was:

Privacy and Confidentiality

Guaranteeing that information provided will be unidentifiable by anybody other than by

the researcher.
Ensuring that they were knowledgeable that if any of the information resulting from the
research is to be used for presentations or reports, an identifying information will be
changed to maintain privacy and confidentiality.
Confirming that they were all well-informed that the results will be presented in the
thesis and they will be seen by the researcher' supervisor and marker.
Ensuring that they understood that the thesis may be read by future students and
researchers on the course and may be published in a research journal but anyone
redoing this thesis won't know who they are.

Safety

Eliminating any risk elements.

Ensuring safety will be consistent overtime.
Confirming that the research is not harmful for participants and certified proper use of
information.

Autonomy

The researcher ensured that the participant's contribution is completely voluntary and
that they may withdraw from the research at any time. From here there will be no further
collection or analysis of data and all existing date will be removed.

Dignity

All the participants had the freedom to make their own fully informed decisions.
All participants were treated with great respect.
Research Questions

•What kind of vaccine was injected to you?

•How many dose of Covid-19 vaccine did you received?
•What side effects did you feel after having a vaccine?
•How long did you feel the side effects?
•What challenges you are experiencing due to covid-19 vaccine?
•What medical assistance did you receive after being vaccinated?
•What are changes in the community after having a vaccination?

Interview Instrument Protocol

The data will follow criteria in gathering the information from the respondents which
are randomly selected students, adults, and teenagers that is already vaccinated against
covid-19 from Bugasong, Antique with regards to the unfolding responses of the citizens
on the vaccine. The researchers will ask first for the research teacher, and respondents
permission before having the online interview. The researcher will then distribute parents’
consent for all respondents that are below 18 years of age before sending the online
questionnaire. As of the approval and agreement of the research teacher, parents and
selected respondents the researchers will send online questionnares to be answered by
the respondents to give information as response needed by the researchers and to
provide answers to the questions of the study.

Data Analysis Strategy

Qualitative data were analyzed descriptively and continuously which will start from
answering online questionnaires. The data will be organized, collected, and compared
one-by-one to get better and precise answers according to the research guide questions.
Before all the pieces of information were analyzed carefully, the research team will
gathered all answers from online questionnares and observed throughout the allotted
time spent. The process of collecting and reading answers allowed the researchers to
familiarize themselves with the data-collection process and to gain more knowledge from
the subject by reading through the answered questionnare passed online of the
respondent from the online interview multiple times.
After the data collected, it will be examined, classified, and merged to make an
accurate result through evaluation of the Google form that is used. The next stage
involves interpreting the data from the other answers not included in the given choices
will be identify any re-occurring phrase in the online questionnaires. The final stage
involves the validation of data, this process involves a step of checking the legitimacy of
the findings by rechecking the analyzed data.