OTC203101 OptiX BWS 1600G Hardware Description ISSUE1.12

OptiX BWS 1600G Hardware Description
 1 System
Overview . .. ...........................................................................Page4
 2 Cabinet and
Subrack..........................................................................Page15
 3
Cards.................................................................................................Pa
ge28
Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

 Thought:
 Why the product is called OptiX BWS 1600G？
 What’s the transmission capacity of the OptiX BWS 1600G?

 References:
 OptiX BWS 1600G Backbone DWDM Optical Transmission

System Hardware Description
 OptiX BWS 1600G Backbone DWDM Optical Transmission
System Product Description

 1st Chapter: System Overview
 This chapter mainly introduces the system functions and

product features of the OptiX BWS 1600G equipment.
 After the learning of this chapter, you will be able to

understand the basic functions and the features of the product .

 Thought:
 Can you pick out the DWDM products from the picture above？



 The channel spacing of the 192-channel system is very small. The laser
of this system should be of good quality.

 Thought:
 What are the differences among these types in performance？
 The extended C-band here includes the general C-band.

 REG: Regenerator Station. The REG is used to regenerate the optical

signal and then to improve the OSNR of the signal during the
transmission.

 No matter what kind of service comes, there must be a suitable OTU

waiting for him.

 Optical line protection is used to protect the fiber on the line. Fiber
problem is the main cause of the trouble in backbone WDM system.
 The channel/wavelength protection is used to protect the optical

channel (OTU). The protection range is bigger than the line protection.
 The protections in DWDM have the features of simple structure and

fast switching.
 The detailed knowledge of the protections will be introduced in the

networking and application course.

 40G OTU is applicable in DWDM system now.
 ROADM: Reconfigurable OADM. With the help of ROADM, any

wavelength can be dropped or pass through, depending on the
configurations.
 Electrical layer grooming means the cross-connection of the electrical

signals.
 Independent OLA subrack can provide the solution for OLA station
with the limited cost. But it does not support the electrical layer
grooming.

 ALS: automatic laser shutdown. If the client side/WDM side has no

input power, the laser of the WDM side/client side will be shutdown
automatically.
 IP over DCC:
 The DCC is used to transmit the OAM (operation, maintenance,
and administration) data between WDM equipments. The
protocol stacks used by different vendors are not compatible
with each other. Thus, extra overhead bytes or service
resources must be allocated to transmit DCC data transparently
in a network composed of multi-vendor products.
 The IP over DCC meets most of the networking requirements in
existing networks without occupying extra overhead bytes or
service resources.
 FEC is a kind of coding method. With the help of FEC technology, we
can correct some of the bit errors during the transmission.
 APE, ALC, IPA are the special network functions used in the system.
 Automatic monitoring: The OptiX BWS 1600G provides the OAMS
(Optical Fiber Line Automatic Monitoring System) to monitor the
quality of the fiber on the line and report the relative alarms. The
OAMS is just like a optional module embedded in the OptiX BWS
1600G.

 2 nd Chapter: Cabinet and Subrack
 This chapter mainly introduces the knowledge about the

Cabinet and Subrack.
 After the learning of this chapter, you will be able to describe

the different parts of the cabinet and subrack, as well as their
functions.


 Over-voltage threshold: –60 V  1 V for nominal –48 V DC, or –71 V 

1 V for nominal –60 V DC.
 Under-voltage threshold: –41  1 V for nominal –48 V DC, or –51 V 

1V for nominal –60 V DC.

 The major function of the power box is to access the external power
supply and distribute it to different subracks.
 Power Output Terminal:
 The first three terminals are for the three subracks and the last
one is for the hub of the cabinet.
 ALARM interface: used for alarm cascading of different cabinets.
 SERIAL interface: used for the communication with the subracks.
 PMU: Power Monitoring Unit.


 ETH ports:
 The ETHERNET1 interface serves for extended ECC function.

That is, the ETHERNET1 interfaces of all subracks in an OTM,
OLA or OADM are connected to the HUB through straight-
through network cables to communicate with the T2000 server.
The ETHERNET1 interface also serves for special network
functions among subracks. The boards with such functions as
ALC and APE may not belong to the same subrack.
 The ETHERNET2 interface serves for the communication

between the subrack and the ROP board of the ROPA system.
 ETHERNET1 and ETHERNET2 are non-interchangeable.
 The PHONE ports and the ETH ports are the same in the
appearance. Pay attention to distinguishing them in practice.
 ALM:
 Serves for subrack alarm output. The ALM is connected with

the PMU board located in the power box.
 PFU:
 The PFU is used to access the -48/-60V power supply from the
power box.
 The DWDM equipment use the LC interface.

 There’re six fans altogether.
 If any of the six fans goes bad, the alarm indicator will flash.

 Thought:
 Why should we have the independent OLA subrack？

 ETH ports:
 Telecom management network (TMN) management interface,

local NE management interface and inter-subrack
communication interface.
 Connected with the network interface of NM computer

through a straight-through network cable, realizing
management over the OptiX BWS 1600G equipment.
 Connected with ETHERNET interfaces of other subracks

through crossover network cables, realizing communication
concatenation among subracks.
 The functions of these two Ethernet interfaces are the same.

 OTU boards can not be inserted on the independent OLA subrack.



 3rd Chapter: Cards
 This chapter mainly introduces different kinds of cards used in

the OptiX BWS 1600G.
 After the learning of this chapter, you will be able to understand

the working principle and the main functions of these cards.
 Pay attention to the boards you use in practice.




 the Recommendations:
 ITU-T G.957 is the standard related with the SDH signal of STM-16 or under it.
 ITU-T G.691 is the standard related with the SDH signal of STM-64 or above
it.
 ITU-T G.694.1 defines the standard frequency used in DWDM.
 ITU-T G.709 defines the future standard of WDM system.
 FEC: Forward Error Correction
 By adding the extra overhead bytes, the FEC can correct the bit errors during
the transmission.
 The rate after FEC is raised because of the extra overhead bytes.
 The OSNR threshold at the receiving end is lowered down thanks to the FEC
function.
 AFEC: advanced FEC
 Super WDM:
 Adopting the CRZ/DRZ coding method.
 CRZ: Chirp Return Zero coding method. It can suppress the non-linear effects
and lower down the OSNR threshold at the receive end.
 DRZ: Differential Return Zero coding method. Compared with the CRZ, DRZ
support the tunable wavelength function. The performance of DRZ is better
than CRZ in every aspect.
 3R: Retiming; Reshaping; Regeneration.

 LWF(S) means two boards: LWF and LWFS.
 LWF: STM-64 transmit-receive line wavelength conversion unit

with AFEC function.
 LWFS: STM-64 transmit-receive line wavelength conversion unit

with AFEC function (Super WDM).
 The Super WDM is a key technology for high-capacity,

ultra long-haul, and reconfigurable transmission solution.
The system uses special light source coding and phase
modulation technology to effectively suppress the
impact of non-linear effect on the long haul transmission
system and increase the tolerance of the system against
the optical noise. Using the Super WDM technology
achieves low-cost long haul transmission with a common
DWDM system.
 For the 10G system, the DRZ (Differential Phase Return
to Zero) coding technology is adopted. The DRZ adopts
RZ coding. On one hand, it inherits the excellent features
of CRZ and introduces chirp to RZ pulse. On the other
hand, it introduces differential phase control. With the
improvement, DWDM systems based on DRZ provide
excellent transmission performance and support
reconfigurable optical layer that is suitable for new
services.

 Service type that the LOM supports:

 Question: What’s the difference between LDG and FDG?

 Thought:
 Why the output rate after some OTU becomes higher than the
input rate?
 SAN: Storage Area Network. It can provide the customers with

powerful and complete functions such as data centralization, backup,
restoration, protection, mirroring. It will become the mainstream in
the storage application field. Currently, the common protocols in SAN
include: ESCON, FICON, FC and so on.


 The REG OTU is for regeneration instead of conversion.
 For one OTU, the corresponding REG OTU should not be selected
randomly.



 Functions and features of LWFS:
 Band type:
 CRZ: 80 channels in C-band.

 DRZ: 192 channels in C-band.
 Channel spacing:
 CRZ: 50GHz or 100GHz.

 DRZ: 25GHz or 50GHz.
 Encoding mode: Super WDM, chirped return to zero (CRZ) or
differential phase return to zero (DRZ) encoding.
 Tunable wavelength function:
 CRZ: Not supported.

 DRZ: 191.300THz - 196.075THz, totally 192 wavelengths
at an interval of 25GHz.

 Functions and features of TMR:

 Relative OTU:
 LBE, TMX, LOG, LWF, LBF, ETMX.

 Regenerating rate: 10.71Gb/s.

 The exact rate of 10GE LAN is 10.31Gb/s.
 The rate of 10GE WAN is 9.95Gb/s.
 The rate of STM-64 is 9.95Gb/s.
 OC-192 is a kind of SONET service, with the rate of 9.95Gb/s.
 The rate of OTU2 is 10.71Gb/s.
 For the 10GE-LAN signal, the module supports two process modes:
 The module transparently transmits the 10GE-LAN service

signals and outputs 10.71 Gb/s OTU2 signals on its WDM side,
with the FEC overhead presenting 4%. When in this mode, the
LBF supports only AFEC.
 The module converges the 10GE-LAN signals into signals

adaptive to OTU2 interface and outputs 10.71 Gb/s OTU2
signals on the WDM side, with the FEC overhead presenting 7%.
When in this mode, the LBF supports FEC and AFEC.

 Functions and features of LQM:

 Basic function:
Multiplexes four 100Mb/s - 2.5Gb/s signals into one


OTU1 signal.
 Supported services: OC-3/STM-1, OC-12/STM-4, OC-48/STM-16,
FE, GE, ESCON, FC100, FC200, FICON, FICON EXPRESS, DVB-
ASI.
 Band type: 40 channels in C-band.
 Channel spacing: 100GHz.
 Supports the small form-factor pluggable (SFP) optical module

on the client side.

 Functions and features of ETMX:
 Basic function:
 The client side receives four STM-16/OC-48/OTU1

signals and multiplexes them into one OTU2 optical
signal.
 Supports the small form-factor pluggable (SFP) optical module
on the client side.
 When the ETMX board client side accesses OTU1 signals, the FEC
function is not supported. Hence, the FEC function at the receive end
of the equipment interconnected to this board client side must be
disabled.

IU1 – IU5,
40Gbit/s wavelength conversion board
LU40(S) 76 (mm) IU8 –
with AFEC function (SuperWDM)
IU12
IU2 – IU5,
LW40 40G wavelength conversion board 114 (mm) IU9 –
IU12
IU2 – IU5,
STM-256/OC-768 inverse multiplex
IMX4(S) 40G Tributary Multiplexing- 114 (mm) IU9 –
board (SuperWDM)
TMX40( Demultiplexing Line Wavelength IU12– IU5,
IU1
76(mm)
S) Conversion Unit With AFEC IU8 – IU12
Function(SuperWDM)


Thought:
 What’s the difference between R_LOS and R_LOF？
 FAS: Frame Alignment Signal


 The M40/M48/V40/V48/ D40/D48 adopts the AWG technology.

 M48 can multiplex 48 wavelength into one fiber.
 MON port is for on-line spectrum analysis.

 The front panel of the board is silk-screened with a frequency range

that indicates the operating band type of the board.
 For example, the values 196.00(M01) and 191.30(M48) indicate the

frequencies of the first and the last wavelengths that can be
multiplexed by this board.
 C-EVEN: 191.300THz - 196.000THz (1529.5534nm -

1567.1326nm)
 C-ODD: 191.350THz - 196.050THz (1529.1633nm -

1566.7231nm)
 C-EVEN-PLUS: 191.325THz - 196.025THz (1529.3583nm -

1566.9278nm)
 C-ODD-PLUS: 191.375THz - 196.075THz (1528.9683nm -

1566.5184nm)


 The front panel of the board is silk-screened with a frequency range

that indicates the operating band type of the board.
 For example, the values 196.00(M01) and 191.30(M48) indicate the

frequencies of the first and the last wavelengths that can be
multiplexed by this board.
 C-EVEN: 191.300THz - 196.000THz (1529.5534nm -

1567.1326nm)
 C-ODD: 191.350THz - 196.050THz (1529.1633nm -

1566.7231nm)
 C-EVEN-PLUS: 191.325THz - 196.025THz (1529.3583nm -

1566.9278nm)
 C-ODD-PLUS: 191.375THz - 196.075THz (1528.9683nm -

1566.5184nm)

 FIU-01
 Applicable only in the 1600G system without clock protection.
 FIU-02
 Applicable only in the system where clock protection is required
(with 1625-nm protection wavelength).
 FIU-03
 Supports only the multiplexing or demultiplexing of C-band and
supervisory signals (1510 nm). The number of board components is
decreased to save cost. FIU-03 is used in C-band 400G/100G system
(type III and V systems) , C-band 800G system (type II), C-band
960G/480G system (type VII) and 40G OTU system (Type VIII).
 FIU-04
 Supports only the multiplexing or demultiplexing of L-band and
supervisory signals (1625 nm). The FIU-04 is applicable in the 400G
(type IV) system of L-band.
 FIU-06
 Supports only the multiplexing or demultiplexing of C-band and
supervisory signals (1510 nm). The number of board components is
decreased to save cost. The FIU06 is used on the occasion when the
optical power is high. It can apply to the C-band 400G/100G system
(type VI system).

 The E1ITL is available in one type for L-band: ITL-L. It is applied to

types I and II systems.
 The E2ITL is available in four types:
 E2ITL01: achieves the symmetrical 100 GHz/50 GHz conversion

and applies to type-I, II, VII or IX system at the C_ODD and
C_EVEN bands.

and applies to type-IX system at the C_ODD_PLUS and
C_EVEN_PLUS bands.

and applies to type-IX system.

and applies to type-I, II, VII, or IX system at the C_ODD and
C_EVEN bands.


 Adds/Drops and multiplex two channels of signals from the

multiplexed signals during the transmission.
 Only applicable to C-EVEN and L-ODD.
 One MR2 can only add/drop two fixed wavelength.

 The wavelengths to be dropped at the local station are transmitted

through the appointed DM1 to DM8 interfaces based on the
configuration. If the output signal is a multiplexed signal, it enters the
demultiplexing unit and is demultiplexed into single wavelengths
before being sent to the OTUs and then to the client-side equipment.
The rest wavelengths are transmitted through the EXPO interface.
 The MONI interface is used to monitor the performance of the optical

signals received by the board.
 The MONO interface is used to monitor the performance of the optical

signals transmitted by the board.
 The first splitter will split 0.5% of the light to the MONI port ( the
power from the MONI port is 23dB less than the power of the IN
port ). The second splitter will split 3/194 of the light to the MONO
port ( the power from the MONO port is 23dB less than the power
from the EXPO port ).


 The RMU9 is a type of optical add and drop multiplexing unit. The
RMU9 realizes the adding of eight channels of signals.
 The AM ports of the RMU9 is wavelength sensitive.
 The MONI and MONO ports here have the same function as in WSD9.
 The power from the MONO port is 14dB less than the power from
the TOA port. The power from the MONI port is 14.3dB less than the
power of the EXPI port.



 Thought:
 Among the six amplifiers above, which belong to the EDFA？
Which belong to the Raman amplifier?

 Thought:
 What’re the meanings of the numbers in the picture？
 PA and BA have the function of OPU and OBU respectively.
 VOA: Variable Optical Attenuator.
 DCM: Dispersion Compensation Module. It has the insertion loss.

 Gain lock function:
 Adding/dropping of one or more channels or optical signal

fluctuation does not affect the signal gain of other channels.
 Transient control function:
 When channels are added or dropped, the board can suppress

the fluctuation of the optical power in the path so as to realize
the smooth upgrading and expansion.
 Alarms and performance events monitoring:
 Detects and reports the optical power.
 Detects and controls pump laser temperature.
 Detects pump driving current, back facet current, cooling

current, and temperature of board.


 Alarms and performance events monitoring:
 Output power of the board.
 Pump cooling current.
 Pump driving current.
 Back-facet current.
 Auxiliary functions:
 Auto-lock pump power.
 Switch on/off pump source.
 Enable pump laser protection.


 The overhead processing module extracts overhead bytes from the

electrical signals, and sends them to the SCC for processing. After the
overhead signals are processed by the SCC, this module sends the
electrical signals to the optical transmitting module.

 SC2 is independent of the SCC. If SCC is not in position, SC2 can

pass through the ECC and ensure the supervision on other
stations.

 the clock processing module:

 Realizes the clock generation, clock extraction and clock
synchronization for the optical supervisory channel. This
module is connected to clock interfaces for inputting and
outputting external clock signals. The module can process the
clock signals of 2048 kbit/s or 2048 kHz.
 the FE processing module:
 Encapsulates the FE signals and sends them to the
transmitting module.
 Decapsulates the signals sent from the transmitting module
and changes them into FE signals.
 the overhead processing module:
 Exchanges information with the SCC. It extracts overhead
bytes from the electrical signals and sends the bytes to the
SCC for processing. After the overhead signals are processed
by the SCC, the overhead processing module sends the
electrical signals into the optical transmitting module.
 The overhead processing module also monitors performance
and alarms, such as CRC4 bit errors counting, remote and
out-of-frame alarm reporting.

 (SC1/SC2: 2.048Mb/s) (ST1/ST2: 8.448Mb/s)
 Supervisory information + Two roads of clock signals + One FE 

8.448Mb/s



 The CF card of SCC is plugged out.
 ALC: Alarm Cut. RST: Reset.
 IP over DCC:
 The IP over DCC meets most of the networking requirements

in existing networks without occupying extra overhead bytes
or service resources.
 ID and IP:
 ID is set by software.
 By default: ID: A x 256 + B, IP: 129.9.A.B
 After resetting the IP manually, the IP has no connection with

the ID.

 The IP over DCC supports the following features:
 Adopts the standard TCP/IP protocol, which makes it

compatible with other vendor's equipment and simplifies the
network management.
 Adopts the forwarding function of the third layer in the

protocol stack, which makes extra overheads or service paths
unnecessary.
 Brings flexible networking models.
 Brings simple upgrade modes and great compatibility. It is easy

for IP over DCC to work with new forwarding or multi-protocol
features on the application layer.
Thought:
 What’s the difference of the four databases above？



 PMU is only applicable to the independent OLA subrack.


 Attenuation range:
 Range: 2 - 20dB.
 Sensitivity: 0.5dB.

 In practice the MON ports are usually connected to the MCA.
 Thought:
 What boards have the MON port？


 CP40: 40G optical line protection board
 The CP40 unit realizes the dual-fed and selective receiving of one
channel of signals.
 Transmit direction
 The TI optical interface receives one channel of optical signals.

After passing through the splitter, the signals are output to the
working and the protection fibers (channels) through the TO1
and TO2 optical interfaces.
 Receive direction
 The signals in the working channel are accessed through the

RI1 optical interface, and the signals in the protection channel
for which dispersion compensation is performed are accessed
through the RI2 optical interface.
 All the signals are then transmitted to the optical switch. The
optical switch selects one from the two channels of signals
based on the quality of the signals.

 There are 3 types of OLP boards:
 The E2OLP03 provides optical line protection. This ensures the

services over the fiber line can be received as usual even when
the line is faulty.
 The E2OLP01 and E2OLP02 provide inter-subrack 1+1 optical

channel protection and extended intra-board wavelength
protection for one working/protection OTU pair.

 EOLP: Enhanced Optical Line Protection Unit
 Transmit direction
 The TI optical interface receives one channel of optical signals,

and enter the optical switch, the signals selected by the optical
switch are output to the working or the protection channel
through the TO1 or TO2 optical interface.
 Receive direction
 The signals in the working or the protection channels are input

through the RI1 and RI2 optical interfaces, and enter the optical
switch.
 The optical switch selects the optical signals of the working

channel or the protection channel based on whether there are
optical signals in the working channel or protection channel.




 Provides centralized protection for OTU’s power supply.

 Protects two OTUs at the same time.
 PBU is inserted on the Slot 13 of the standard subrack.



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OptiX BWS 1600G Hardware Description

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

 What’s the transmission capacity of the OptiX BWS 1600G?

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

 OptiX BWS 1600G Backbone DWDM Optical Transmission

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

 1st Chapter: System Overview

 This chapter mainly introduces the system functions and

 After the learning of this chapter, you will be able to

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

 The extended C-band here includes the general C-band.

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

 REG: Regenerator Station. The REG is used to regenerate the optical

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

 No matter what kind of service comes, there must be a suitable OTU

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

 The channel/wavelength protection is used to protect the optical

 The protections in DWDM have the features of simple structure and

 The detailed knowledge of the protections will be introduced in the

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

 40G OTU is applicable in DWDM system now.

 ROADM: Reconfigurable OADM. With the help of ROADM, any

 Electrical layer grooming means the cross-connection of the electrical

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

 ALS: automatic laser shutdown. If the client side/WDM side has no

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

 2 nd Chapter: Cabinet and Subrack

 This chapter mainly introduces the knowledge about the

 After the learning of this chapter, you will be able to describe

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Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

 Over-voltage threshold: –60 V  1 V for nominal –48 V DC, or –71 V 

 Under-voltage threshold: –41  1 V for nominal –48 V DC, or –51 V 

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 Power Output Terminal:

 ALARM interface: used for alarm cascading of different cabinets.

 SERIAL interface: used for the communication with the subracks.

 PMU: Power Monitoring Unit.

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 The ETHERNET1 interface serves for extended ECC function.

 The ETHERNET2 interface serves for the communication

 ETHERNET1 and ETHERNET2 are non-interchangeable.

 Serves for subrack alarm output. The ALM is connected with

 The DWDM equipment use the LC interface.

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 There’re six fans altogether.

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 Telecom management network (TMN) management interface,

 Connected with the network interface of NM computer

 Connected with ETHERNET interfaces of other subracks

 The functions of these two Ethernet interfaces are the same.

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