Succeed in Michigan

Practice Tests
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ANDREW BETSIS ELT
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Michigan ECCE
GVR: Grammar Vocabulary Reading

Grammar (multiple choice)

An incomplete sentence is followed by a choice of 35
words or sentences to complete it.

Vocabulary (multiple choice)

VOCABULARY An incomplete sentence is followed by a choice of 35
words to complete it.

Reading (multiple choice)

A short reading passage on a topic followed by 5
questions (tlvo passages)
30
READING
Four short texts related to each other by topic, fol-
lowed by l0 questions (two texts)

LSW: Listening Speaking Writing

Section Description Items
I

An oral interaction between the examinee and the

SPEAKING examiner.
It involves a short interview and photos.

Part I (multiple choice)

A conversation is followed by a question. Answers
appear in the form of pictures.
30
Part ll (multiple choice)
Short extended talks on four different topics, each
LISTENING followed by 4-6 questions. The questions are printed in
the test booklet and time is given before each talk to 20
preview the questions. There are four answer choices
for each question. Answer choices are printed in the test
booklet.

Extract from newspapers, memos or letters is presented

WRITING as awriting topic. Students have to write either a letter 1
or an essay.

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 Contents
Practice Test I Page 4
Practice Test 2 PaSe 26

Practice Test 3
Practice Test 4
I Page

Page
48
70
Practice Test 5 PaSe 92
Practice Test 6 Page It4
Practice Test 7 Page r36
Practice Test I PaSe t58
Practice Test 9 Page r80
Practice Test l0 paSe 202
Practice Test I I Page 224
Practice Test l2 Page 246
Practice Test l3 PaSe 268
Practice Test l4 Page 290
Practice Test l5 Page 3t2

American versus British English PaSe 334

O Andrew Betsis ELT - 2015

E-mail: [email protected], www.betsiselt.com
All rights reserved. No part o{this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechani.al, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior Permission in writinS of the publisher.

. Succeed in Mi.higan ECCE - Tests l-15 . Student's book - ISBN: 978-960-4 I 3-963'7
. Succeed in Michigan ECCE - Tetts l-15 . Teacher's book ' ISBN: 978'960'413'962'0

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EXAM TIPS & STRATEGIES
.:Jn the fi,st pad of the listening test ')!ou need to select the coeeect pichwe Before ):'Ou listen, look at the three
):'OU will hear shm+ conveesations and to answer the 9 uestion. ')!ou will onl):' pich11·•es to get a10 idea what the topic
):'OU will see theee pictures fo, each hea.,. eo.ch covwe.,..sation ov,ce so )!OL\ of convel"'sation 11'\0.}:' be and vvhat );'.'Ol,H-'
question. need to listen carefull ):', answel" choices av-e.

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ln this port of the test. you will heor four short tolks. After eoch tolk, you will hoor some queslions obout it'
Before eoch tolk begins. you will hove time to preview the questions fhot ore Print€d in the test booklet.

. Reod the questions silently,

. Then listen to the tolk. You con toke notes in the booklet.
. Then listen to eoch question ond choose the best onswer from lhe onswer choices.
r Mork your onswers on the seporots onswer sheet. You should mork A, B, c, or D'

There ore o totol of 20 questions oboul the four short lolks.

Questions 3l-36
Look ot fhe queslions. Then listen to o teocher ln o geogrophy
NOTES
closs.

31. What iniormation did the students receive in the hand0ut?

a. a list of assignments
b. a list ol field-trip options to choose from
c. information about places they wiil visit for their assignment
d. a full list of North American national parks

32. When should students make their diary entries?

a. at the end of the year
b. during the field trips
c. after each field trip is over
d, each evening for the duration 0l the course

33. What are the consequences of submitting your diary late?

a. a loss of some credits
b. you will automatically Iail the course
c. you will have to repeat first year
d. you will have to repeat the course

34. Why is one of the chosen field-trip locations Dinosaur Provincial Park?
a. The area is Iull of lossils,
b. The area is said to be tull oI precious stones.
c. The ground is very rocky and little grows there.
d. The area has impressive glacial features.

35. 0n which jield trip are the students likely 10 see glaciers?
a. the Dinosaur Provincial field trip
b. the Gros lvlorne and Yellowstone field trips
c. the Kluane field trip
d. the Gros lvlorne and Grand Canyon field trips

36" What does the speaker mean when he says: ()

a. Submit your diary, otherwise you can't pass the course.
b. By submitting your diary you will pass the course.
c. The diary-writing assignment has more credits than any
other part of the course.
d. You must keep a diary, detailing how you perform on the course.

tr-
 test 1

istening Dtrrt 2
Questions 37-41 Ouestions 42-46
Look ot the questions. Then listen to o member of foculty Look ot lhe questions. Then lislen lo o lecture from
stotf brief some exchonge students. on ogriculturol course.

37. What is the 'goal'the speaker is talking about? 42. Why do poor Iarmers on deset land prerer goats 10 olher
a. 10 attract a lot of exchange students to the university larm animals?
b. to have students and inlluences from all over the world a. Goats can find their own food.
at the university b. Goats provide both meal and milk.
c- to have at leasl one student lrom every continent attending the c. Goats only eat bushes and scrub.
university d. 0ther animals produce less meat and milk.
d. to have a university campus on every continent eventually
43. What is a serious disadvantage of keeping goats on dry
38. What must the students do after the introduction? hot land?
a. register at the table a. Their overgrazing can make the land even more dry.
b. go to lhe administration offices b. Their movements kick up dirt and speed up desertificalion.
c. check their details have been correctly regjstered c. Goats only eat new, young plants.
d. check their timetable is correct d. Goats will also eat food that humans c0uld consume.

39. Which of the Iollowing problems could Mary fu/lills help with? 44. Why are goats a danger to future plant growth?
a. a sludent who wants to switch courses a. They preler to eat young seedlings.
b. a student who needs extra lessons b. They only eal whole plants - roots and all.
e. a student who has been in trouble with the police c. They eat allthe mature planls.
d. a shy student who is struggling 10 make friends d. They eat both young and mature plants.

40. ln which of these cases should a student contact Jess l\ilaxwell? 45. Whal is said about plant roots in the talk?
a" only when they have questions about linancial matters a. They help to stabilize the soil.
b. when they have a little culture shock b. They take years 10 recover from damage.
c. when they have a serious personal problem c. They can be washed away and destroyed by heavy rain
d. when they have a mild cold d. They take the nutrients out of the soil.

41. What does the speaker say about acc0mmodation? 46. What does the speaker mean when she says {)
a. There are a limited number of single rooms for postgraduates. a. N4ost people know that the goat's reputation is unfair.
b. Postgraduate students musl share their rooms with 6-8 people b. Goats live up to their reputation as animals that will eat
c. Not every undergraduate student will get the type of almost anything.
accommodation they asked for. c. Not many people know about goats' eating habits.
d. Not all postgraduate students will have to share part of their d. The n0tion that g0ats are lussy about what they eat
accommodation. is justified.

NOTES NOTES

10
 5t

DorT
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Oueslions 49-5O
Look ot the questions. Then listen to o rodio onnouncemenl. NOTES
47. What is the purpose of this announcement?
a. 10 provide information about an upcoming event
b. to announce the winners of a compelilion
c. to explain the judging process for a competition
d. to promote an interest in art

48. How many pieces of art will be on display in total?

a.5
b. 10
c.50
d. 100

49. Why does the speaker mention the drawing of the town-hall clock?
a. lt has already become famous.
b. lt shows the clock being struck by lighhing.
c. lt was drawn by a local hero.
d. The subject of the painting no longer exists.

50. What does the speaker mean when he says: {)

a. Entry is free at all times excepl on the opening night.
b. The opening night is expected to be very busy.
c. You can only visit the exhibition by reservation.
d. There is a waiting list for people who want to come to the opening night.

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 rammar
51. Kathy and Bob ....... decided if 57. The signpost directed any 62. "Have you been swimming lately?"
they are coming yet customers .......... were staying "No, I haven't swum ........... ."
a. won't in the hotel to pay at the desk. a. eight months before
b. isn't a. whoever b. eight months ago
c. don't b. whom c. in eight months
d. haven't c. who d. since eight months
d. whose
52. I have run out of sugar. 63. l'm sorry bul I can't go with you
0n your way home could you 58. Jane is always .......... her nails this weekend because l'm looking
please get me ..........?
and it is really annoying. ,,,,,......... my friend's dog.
a. any a. biting a. into
b. some b. bite b. after
c.ones
c. has bitten c- 0ver
d. one
d. bites d. at
53. Jill ,..,. to bake a cake lor the party.
59. Paul has a lol 0f nerve turning.,,..., 64. You should try harder to get
a. agree happily
late to his own brother's wedding along ..........your neighbor.
b. happjly agreed
c. happy agreed
a. to a. wilh
d. agreed happy b. out b. to
c. in c.by
54. I love to ski but have never d.up d. together
.......... snowboarding.
a. been 60. George......,.....,,, been at the 65. Please call me as soon as you
b. going scene of the crime because he ...,-,,,,,, h0me,
c. being was at my house. a. will get
d. was a. shouldn't have b. getling
b. can't have c. have get
55. lf l\4ark.......... chocolate, c. needn't have d. get
lwill buy him cologne, d. didn't have to
a. will like 66. lf I ....... how many people would
b. wasn't like 61. "What are you thinking of be at the testival today, I would
c. doesn't like doing for Easter vacation?" have waited until tomorrow to go.
d. isn't liking "We aren't sure but,......... a. had known
to go to Rome." b. knew
56. She has been ......... to lix a. have been hoped c. will have known
that calculator for hours.
b. will plan d. would have known
a to try
c. are hoping
b tried
d. are ooinq 10 hope
c 1ry
d trying

E)(AM TIPS & STRATEGIES 9ee +he exa"nples below.

He is very handsome, isn't he?
Queslion lo,as are. re.sularly re-s+ei ir, the You haven't seen Bob, have you?
grammar seclion
Quesrion +ags ate addeA +o a staleraeh+ to ,rrake i+ A que.+ion +a9 corlsisls of a ve,/b a a a pro^o.,^.
in+o a qrae-stion. Wi+h a positive s+a+emet+, you usually the vetb in a qure-stion tag is always an a"xilia*y,
use a negalive queslion tag containing a shori fo,^m a o, o f.*^ .f +he "nain v.r6 "6d'.
^odal,
You dicln't see him, did you?
erding in "-n't",
Wi+h o nega+ive s+a+e$e +, you rase a positive He should have phoned, shouldn't he?
que-s+ioh +ag. He isn't homq is he?

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rIrfirTl
G lrammar
67. Jerry moved house yesterday 72. Greg should write more otten, 79. "Why did you walk 10 work today?"
and he hurt his back moving .......... he? "Because I .,,,,,. my car serviced."
the......,... alone, a. can a. take
a. many furnitures b. shouldn't b. am having
b. furnitures c. does c. need having
c. Iurniture d. doesn't d. want to
d. some furniture
73. I would rather exercise .......... 80. Paul is really looking forward
68. I would like to go to the bank television. ............... his mother.
.......... to the post office, a" than watch a. to seeing
a. also b. to watch b. to see
b. as well as c. instead to c. seeing
c. beside d. to d. that he sees
d. instead
74. I am so excited because at this 81. lf you want to lose weight, try
time next week L......... cutting .......... on the amount
sunbathing in Hawaii, ol junk food you eat.
a. have been a. down
b. am b.up
c. will be c. in
d. am going d. out

75. Ask Susan if she would mind 82. Jerry ,,.,.,. forgiven Gina yet.
...,.,..,. for you on Friday. a. can't
a. t0 work b. won't
b. work c. didn't
c. working d. hasn't
d. having worked
83. "Do you play squash?"
76. There is so much traffic that "No, I ........ have time for sports."
even il we leave now, the show a. usually
69. A plumber........ to fix the will have already started .......... b. hardly ever
dripping tap, we gel there. c. sometimes
a. was calling a. 0n time d. generally
b. had to be call b. at the moment
c. was called c. as s00n 84. 'l've looked everywhere for my keys."
d. call d. by the time "Have you..,,,,,, them anywhere?"
A. SAW
70. The manager wants ,,,,,.,... him 77. "Would you like some more b, been seen
at five o'clock. cotfee?" c. seeing
a. you 10 meel "Yes please, lwill have.......... ." d. seen
b. you meeting a. a Iew
c. that you will meet b. a little 85. lf lwon the lottery, I ..... a horse,
d. your meeting c. a couple a. bought
d. many b. will buy
71. Could you please answerthe c. would buy
phone iI anyone ca|1s.......... 78. ............... is not allowed in front d. were to buy
I am out to lunch? of the bus stop.
a. meantime a, Patk
b. throughout b. To park
c. during c. Parking
d. while d. The parking

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 ocabulary
86. Why are you celebrating? 91. The water in the lake was ..,,... 96. lam ......... thal she told you the
What's the ,....,.,.? freezing when the children first truth about the accident.
a. situation got in. a. concentrated
b. chance a. entirely b. believed
c. occasion b. likely c. convinced
d" approach c. absolutely d. persuaded
d. terribly
87. They hired an architect to 97. The teacher....,,,,, pride in his
.........,, the new hospital. 92. Don't be lazy! Please put the student's success at the
a. rise dirty dishes in the ......... . University entrance exam.
b. design a. pot a. demonstrated
c. sp0ns0r h. pan b. revealed
d. construct c. sink c. showed
d. cupboard d. took
88. l\/ly lather knows a lot of ........
people in the government who 93. [Vlary always avoids discussions 98. The police ,,........ every effort
could help us. about .,,,..... issues. to find the missing boy.
a. aggressive a. corrupt a. made
b. ideal b. sensible b. did
c. influential c. consistent c. performed
d. arrogant d. controversial d. had

89. N/y parents.... of my new 94. lVly lather's new invention will 99. Don't be disappointedl You'll
girlfriend. ......... his theory. manage ......... !
a. disagree a. disapprove a. somewhat
b. disapprove b. reinforce b. somewhere
c. reject c. suggest c. somehow
d. oppose d. object d. sometimes

90. l\4y father tried to ....... his voice 95. our house by the sea is very 100. I can't .... the cold in the winter.
but my mother realized who it small but it's warm and ....,, a. bear
WAS. a. remote b. adjust
a. disguise b. sympathetic c. cope
b. blow c. distant d. adapt
c. hide d. cozy
d. rearrange

EXAM TIPS & STRATEGIES Make

a mistake
Do
srh for a living
€xpressi.,ns with "moke" o"ld "do" a decision sb a {avor
There is.f+." a ques+ion that tes+s th,e correc+ qse fun of sb without sth
4 '-.kJ' ." 'd." i". ph.ase "" .xp,^.ssi.^, Th.r. is a fuss one's best
sb 6ood
no r^ule +har yo" ca" 1..r" +o te.neml>er which wo,^d +. an impression
a phone call one's hair
use ln +hese exp.essiohs, J+ is si"rply a case of s*+lng
an effort the washing-up
d.w,. a,.d l..r"i,.e +he,-. O^e of +b'e 6es+ lvays +o do
the bed the cooking
+hi. is +o lea"" . .m.ll 9"""p +.1e+h.t B.l"w a.e business with sb
a suggestion
so^e
"f ,l\" "'"'"f esr ed express o
r r=:
"^ a loss/profit the housework

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urn:,1hu I,1r
ocabula
101. Ljnda ......... my offer to buy her a. Iongitudes 114. The pass ...,.... forthe universily
old car. b, fields entrance exam has dropped
a. related c. altitudes significantly during the last two
b. spared d. points years.
c. refused a. per cent
d. reduced 107. Writers always have to a b. rate
deadline. c. number
102. John was so ill that the doctor a, reach d. rise
gave him a(n) ..... for antibiotics b. keep
a. inscription c. meet 115. You need an umbrella, otherwise
b. prescription d. follow you'll get........ .

c. note a. sprinkled
d. recipe 108. lthink l've .,...... your abilitjes b. watered
You are much better than I c. splashed
103. You can't expect me to do thought. d. soaked
eveMhjng by mysell. a. mistrusted
You should take the ......... b. underachieved 116. The teachers of the school went
a. participatjon c. lowered on .....,. asking for higher wages
b. activity d. underestimated a. protest
c. energy b. strike
d. initiative 109. l'm sorry but your passport has c. demonstration
......: you need to get a new one. d. vacancy
a. ended
b. cancelled 117. ..,,,.,. I like tennis, ldon't play
c. expired very often because I don't have
d. finished time.
a. Despite
110. Sir Rogers is a(n) ........ and b. Although
well-known minister o{ the c. Since
government.
d. As well as
a, prolitable
b. distinctive 118. l'm sorry that I didn't invite you
c. distinguished to come with us to the theater
d. honorary but I was under the ........ that
you didn't want 10 come.
111. ttlozart is one of the most a. opinion
famous ..,,,... of all times. b. impression
a. construclors c. idea
104. lf she always eats so much she b. producers d. belief
will ......... weight very quickly. c. directors
a, add up d. composers 119. We always look back on
b. grow up our college years with .,,,.... ,

c. pul on 112. l\4y brother is ..... working as an a. memory

d. raise up English leacher, but he is looking b. fevival
lor a more interesting job. c. loneliness
105. It's a .,.,.. of time trying to make a. currently d. nostalgia
my children do their homework. b. lately
They are so lazyl c. lastly 120. The doctors were very pleased
a. lack d- recently that the patient had made such
b. waste a quick ........ .
c. period 113. We all went to the cinema ,,,,,.,. a. treat
d. loss from l\4ary. b. reassurance
a. except c. recovery
106. Climbers know that it's difiicult b. apart d. behavior
to breathe at such high ,.,...,. , c. only
d. without

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 D
1

This passage is about "Tamagotchi", a comPuter'generated cyber'animal'

The latest craze sweeP-

121, What does Tamagotchi moan in Japanese?
ingJapan, a land which is
a. cyber pet
no stranger to technolog-
b. fat spaflow
ical fads, is the
c. technological fashion
"Tamagotchi", literally
d. Ioveable egg
translated as "loveable
egg". The size of a key
ring, it's a computer-gen-
.o a) 'o 122. What distinguishes the Tamagotchi from other
computer animals?
erated cyber-animal on a a. its color
small screen that you can keep in your pocket. Just like a real pet, b. the way it looks
you feed it, play with it, and, on the down side, clean up after it. c. its size
d. the noise it makes
Domestic animals have already made the move from the kennel
to the computer screen in the form of Cau and Dogz, created by 123. Why is there a black market for Tamagotchi products?
a. They are so popular the shops keep selling out
software company Mindscape, so Tamagotchi is not alone in
b. Shops refuse to sell them because they are
transferring to cybersPace. But its aPPearance - that of an over-
expensive.
weight sparrow - distinguishes it from the pack. Although it was
c. They are illegal toys.
originally aimed at high-school girls, its appeal has proved more
d. They are ralioned at a rate of one pcr per.on
widespread, with middle-aged businessmen seen caring for their
pets on the Tollfo subway. 124. Takahashi Tomita thinks that Tamagotchi are
popular because people want to
Tamatotchi proyed so popular that it sold out on release in Japan, a. spend lots of money,
and there is now a black market for the devices, which sell for uP b. give love to something or someone.
to 25 times their shop value of Y1980 (approx. $6). c. be part of a craze.
The manufacturers, Bandai Japan, predict Japanese sales of Yl0 d. own the Iatest keyring,
million by the end of this year.
125. What happens to the Tamagotchi after 30 days?
a, It flie( away to another owner.
Psychologist Takahashi Tomita Puts Tamagotchi's success down to
b. lts battery runs out.
the human "need to smother someone or something with affec-
c. It dies.
tion'. But don't go getting too attached to your Tamagotchi - its
d, It changes color.
lifespan is from iust ten to 30 days, after which it flies off to
virtual heaven.

EXAM TIPS & STRATEGIES

The multiple choice reading questions have distractors Sometimes the questions asl( you to complete a state-
which are designed to appear correct at first. Often ment or they asl< a direct question about the text.
they contain a word from the text or give information Paraphrasing is also used. This is where the questions
that is believable but not correct as far as the text is and answers express the meaning of the text in differ-
concerned. ent words.

E
 ,trl inu Part
This passage is about Masada, a famous desert plateau, R eadin a

Masada is a famous desert plateau, which rises high above

the Dead Sea; its steep sides, a warning to any who dare to
even think about trespassing. Well,
at least they used to be back when
the rock was inhabited; back when
its world-famous fortress was 126. What is the main purpose of this passage?
patrolled by hundreds of guards- a. to explain the reasons why people are attracted
men, all totally alert to the threat to visit the site of the Masada fortress
from intruders; swords at the ready. b. to provide a complete history of Masada for the last
two-thousand or so years
That was the scene just over 2000 years ago when the c. to explain why the fortress of Masada is no longer
plateau was first fortified. lt soon came under King Herod's permanently inhabited
control and he viewed it as a possible last refuge - last d. to explain how Masada can become a popular
defence - against the enemy should the Jewish people
tourist attraction
(whose homeland - including Masada - Herod had captured)
ever revolt, or the Egyptians ever try to take the land from
him by force.
127. What do we learn about Masada in Paragraph 1?
But today it is a far more peaceful place, and the only atten- a. Security there is very high.
tion it attracts is that of eager tourists; tourists who have b, Water is scarce around Masada.
either trekked up the steep and well-named winding Snake c. The fortress is located on a high defensive position.
Path or taken the far easier (and, in summer, more sensible) d. Warning signs about the dangers of trying to reach
route up by cable car. Either way, at the top, they are Masada have been put up.
rewarded by stunning panoramic views out across the Dead
Sea and much of the Negev desert, 128. What did Masada represent to King Herod?
a. It was the center of his homeland.
But it is not iust the breathtaking views and ancient ruins
b, It was a place he could escape to if attacked.
which attract the tourists to Masada each year; it is also the
c, It was the last place where his enemies continued to
legend of the place. Some celebrate it; others remember it
defend their position.
with great sadness. However you view it, what happened
here was quite incredible.
d. It was a place of womhip tbr the Jewish people.

About 70 years after Herod's death, Masada fell to the Jewis 129. What does the wdter suggest in the third paragraph?
people, who claimed it back from the Romans. There {ol- a. There are lots of snakes on the path up to the top
lowed four years of fierce fightint between the Romans and of Masada.
the Jews. Eventually, the Romans regained control of all of b. Taking thc cable car to the top of Masada
the land - all, that is, except Masada, where a community of is quite expensive.
I ,000 refused to surrender. c, The view lrom lhc lop is quite impressive.
d. Only those who make thc eftbrt to walk to the top
I The Romans needed a way to reach the fortress, so they can see the amazing view.
I gathered some 8,000 men and began to build a massive
I earthen ramp up the steep side of rhe plateau. This was a 130. Which of the following statements is true?
I slow process, but eventually they were able to bring their
n. Tourists are mainly attracted to Masada on account of
I siege engines up to the fortress gate and break through to
I the interior- the tragedy that happened there thousands of years ago.
b. Ironically, the fortress Herod intended as his last
But what they found was a scene of devastation. The Jews, deferce was captured from him by the Jews.
all 1,000 of them bar two women and five children who had c. When the Romans got inside the fortress, they killed
hidden, were dead. Rather than surrender to the Romans, all the people there except some women and children
they had chosen to kill each other. The Romans surveyed the who had hidden.
scene in disbelief. d. The population of Jews at Masada were the last of
their people to hold out against the Roman attack.

j?
 a
1
a Part 3
No Nonsense Nature Magazine
Accou nts Manager Needed
No Nonsense Nahtre, one of the best-selling magazines of its
E One Big Monkey Hierarchy
by Seanie O'Leary
Ivlofkey social interact ons are not that
kind in Europe, is looking lbr an accounts manager. different to human ones if we simp ify it
Candidates must have good communication skills, be able to down.
work effectively as part of and be confident in leading a
team, and have a proven track-record working in accounts. Just as in human society, monkey communities operate strict
h erarchies based on status withln the troop. lf you are born to
Main duties and responsibilities:
. Carrying out internal audits of company accounts a high-status member of the troop, then you automaticaLly
. Recruitment of junior-level data-entry clerks enjoy more priviLeges than say a monkey born to the lowest'
. Management of a department of eight staff ranking female. The latter monkey would, in fact, automatically
. Conducting staff appraisals become the new lowest-ranked member of the troop and
helshe would have a particular y hard time getting on in lfe
Miuimum qualifications:
. Master's degree in Accounting or Management It's a bit like office polit cs actually. lmagine, you are the
o Professional member of the Chartered Institute accounts assistant - the lowest'ranked member 0f the office
of Accountants
'troop'. You get fewer ho idays, are pa d badly, have to work
. At le!\r t\\ u )ears relevrnl c\perience hard all the time doing the east interesting tasks and people
For more information and instructions on how to apply, sometirnes take you for granted and ignore you while at the
please visit our website at: same time being especially nice to the boss.
trlrw. no non sen s e fi attoent agazine. c om lj ob s
Our monkey friend is treated n exactly the same manner and
the only way for him to climb the hierarchy is to make friends
'just as the lowly accounts assistant must make connections
Readers' Questions to improve his/her career prospects.
with Mel Landon The monkey must be nice to the troop leader, even if he,/she
Q: Why do male lions sometimes kill the young of their own kind? secretly dislikes him/her. The accounts assistant must be all
Nick in Surrey smiles to his,/her boss, though helshe might think him incom-
A: A very good question Nick, and you're petent. The monkey must work hard to be accepted, groomlng
right; lions do sometimes kill their own higher'ranking troop members. The accornts assistant must
kind. In fact. if a male Iion comes across a put his,/her head down and work equally hard, and despite
lone female and her cubs, and he is not the being dumped with all the bor ng tasks, helshe has to keep
father, he will almost certainly kill every single one of her off- sml ng at his,/her superors and 'grooming' the r egos, too.
spring if he can. This is known as infanticide. The reason male
lions do this is because they live in an extremely competitive So, as you can see, a business is basica y monkey business..l
world and success for them is totally defined by how many off-
sp ng they father. But if a female already has cubs, she will
not be able to have more babies until they have grown up. Fro m No Nonsense Nature
Male lions are reluctant to wait this long, so they kill the cubs
D To: Rex Lowry
in order to mate with the female and produce offspring of Re: Annual Subscription
their own. You see, male prideJeaders face challenges from Dear Mr. Lowry:
other males on a very regular basis and this can often lead to
fights to the death. The stronger the male's pride and the We are wdting to remind you that it is that time olyear
more loyal family members it has, the better the male's again; time to renew your subscription to No Nonsense
Nattoe.
chances of surviving. This explains why male lions are so keen
to have the pdde made up of their own children. As a loyal customer, we are pleased to be able to offer you a
very special discount of 50% off your annual subscription
Indeed, males of the same lamily - and even different genera-
fee. We are also prepared to extend this offer to yor.u
tions of the same family - will often band together to provide
friends, if they would like to subscribe to our publication. too.
strength in numbers. In one case, the long-time leader of a
famous lion pride in Kenya, named Notch, was dethroned and To be clear, the olfer extends to any of your fricnds wiro are
forced to flee by a group of young male Iions which outnum- not already signed up to the magazine. They must quote
bered him three-to-one il a fight for control of his pride. The your name in order to qualiry lor the discount.
escaped male, Notch, then had some good fortune though,
If your name is quoted on any new subscriber's form, you
when he bumped into his three sons roaming the plains. The
will also be rewarded with $50 worth of shopping vouchers
family joined together to create a formidable team. The four for Washington Mall.
lions the[ went on to win control of at least three different
prides, becoming one of the most successful known male-lion We look forward to hearing from you soon.
alliances in history. Kind Regards,
I'he No Nonsense Nuturc Magazite 'Ieunt
18
-- - J:
HdU I

R eadin a

Question 131 refers to section A, 136. What is the writer trying to achieve here?
131. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as something a. He wants accounts assistants to be treated more fairly
candidates must possess? b. He wants to show that the social interaction of
a. good people skills monkeys is very different from that of humans.
b. a postgraduate qualification c. He wants to show that animal and human interactions
c. membership of a professional body have some things in common.
d. an accounting degree d. H9 wants to criticize the way businesses are run.

Questions 132-133 refer to section B. Questions 137-138 refer to section D.

132. What does Mel Landon say about lion behavior? 137, What is the mai[ purpose of this letter?
a, Male lions that discover females and cubs from other a. to encourage someone to continue their subscription
families will not hesitate to kill both mother and b, to advertise to potential new subscribers
babies. c. to promote the new shopping mall
b. The fact that all lions practice infanticide is explained d. to remind a customer about a late payment
by the extreme competition they face.
c. A female with cubs will abandon her offspring if a 138. What happens if a friend of Mr. Lowry's subscribes to
new male lion takes over the pride, the magazine for the fi$t time?
d. Male lions live to reproduce and how many offspring a. They will get a $50 gift.
they have determines their success. b. Only then can Mr. Lowry claim a 507o discount on
his subscription.
133. What was the example of Notch' story used to show? c. Both Mr. Lowry and his friend will get a 50%
a. how young male lions will usually defeat older ones discount on the cost of the subscription.
b. how hard it is for one male lion to rule a pride d. Both Mr. Lowry and his friend will get free
on his own shopping vouchers.
c. how groups of lions will always defeat lone males
d, how related males often work together to become Questions 139-140 r€fer to two or more sections.
successful 139, In which sections are readers encouraged to contact the
publisher based on what is wdtten?
Question 134-136 refer to section L. a.AandB
134. What do we Ieam about monkey societies in Paragraph 2? h.A.BandD
a. Not all monkeys enjoy the same privileges. c.AandD
b. Females are the lowest-ranked members of the troop d.BandD
c. The youngest troop member is always the lowest
ranked. 140. Which texts would probably have appeared inside
d. Monkeys are strict with their offspring just as No Nonsense Nature magazine but are NOT
humans are. advertisements or notices?
a.A,BandC
135. What does the writer suggest about accounts assistants in b.B,CandD
Paragraph 3? c.BandC
a. They get to do a lot of interesting work. d.AandC
b. They always dislike their bosses.
c. They are not very well-respected.
d. They are well-rewarded 1br their hard work.

r
 1 r;fc. IT
L-( 1 Ir nr Part 4
To:
From:
Re:
A]l Staff
Human Resources
Blood Donations
rl A Day in the Life
with Jennie Tarbuck
This week I'm meeting Nely Goldworthy to find out about what
Dear All, it's like to work ior the country's blggesi charity, IVlills Cancer A d.
We have just received an appeal from the Blood Transfusion Nellie started working for lvlills around 5 years ago, fresh out of
Board for urgent blood donations as there is a severe short- college. Back then her title was'Community Fundraiser', and her
age of blood rypes O-negative and O-positive in hospitals role involved gorng out into the community to try to raise aware-
across the ciry. ness of the work of the charity and to encourage people to get
behind it. Nowadays, though, Nely is mainly based in the office
With this in mind, we have therefore agreed to let any mem-
and seldom gets to go out into the field anymore.
ber of stafl who wishes to make a donation either take an
extra hour off for lunch to do so, or leave an hour early this That is because she is now the'Director of Fundraising', so she is
evening. responsible for lvlills' overall strategy for ways t0 attract f nancial
support and generate awareness, as we I as motivating the other
However, we will be asking all staff who take this extra time members of the fundraising team to do the r utmost to bring in
off to provide proof that they have indeed given blood, so the money needed to enable N.4ills to continue doing the vital work
please remember to request a stamped note from the Board
it does, oi{ering free advice, support and care to cancer sufferers
confirming where you have been. throughout the state.
Failure to provide proof that you have given blood will result
'A typical day sees me in the neeting room first thing in the
in the hour's pay being docked from your wages - that is,
morning to brief staff on what is expected of them for the day
unlesss you want to make up the hour later in the week by
ahead and ensure that all the fundraisers know where they are
staying late.
going and what they need to do there to generate nterest in
Thank you for taking the time to read this note. I\4ils and encourage people to help and support us.

I usually find myself in and out of the meeting room all morning
Ciara
actually, whether I'm coordinating with other department heads or
meetlng externa clients. I meet the Head 0{ I\,4arketing every
other day and together we work on developing promotional mate-
rial and initiatives for the charity. Ultimately, no campaign can go
ahead before it has my seal of approval.
lil ,'r4oms and Tots Day of Fun
And after lunch lhave more meetings with companies interested
Calling all moms out there! This Sunday from 10 a.m. till in sponsoring us and having their brands associated with the work
noon, Dewberry retirement home is hosting a Moms and we do. Then lusually wind things up for the day by checking in
Tots party. with all my staif again to see how they got on in their fundraising
efforts.'
All the proceeds of the event will be put back into the home.
This themed kids' party is going to be the highlight of the
weekend for your little tots! All you have to do is make sure
they bdng their bear or cuddly toy with them; we'll take care
of the rest! ANNUAT SCHOOT CHARITY DAY
Entertainment will include; DeaI Parents,
o a musical performance by a group called The Dancing
Clowns
Just a quick note to remind you about our annual chariq, day,
. face-painting
which is taking place this year on Saturday, March 24th.
. pass the parcel
o musical chairs
o and much much more! We hope that as many of you as possible will come out to
support the event, and would also ask you to donate what
Tickets are free for all children aged between 3 and 12, and you can to the bring-and-buy sale. Anlthing from cakes to
adults will be charged just f10 for entry. Although we will be unwanted gifts and jewellery will be gratefully received.
selling tickets on the door (if we have any left), the
Dewberry Concert Hall, where the event is being held, can This year, the proceeds of the event will be split between
only accommodate a maximum of 100 people, so we recom- two charities; the Guide Dogs' Association and the local
mend that you buy your tickets in advance to be guaranteed Children's Hospital.
of a place.

Date: Sunday,25thMarch Please suppo us as best as you can.

Time: 10 a.m.
Mike Meade (Principal)
Place: Dewberry Concert Hall

20
 ,1 il]il
R eadin a

Questions 141-142 refer to section A. 1,17. What does Nellie mean when she says, 'no campaign can
141. what is the main purpose of this email? go ahead before it has my seal of approval?'
a, to warn staff about a dangerous blood shortage a. Nellie takes part in every campaign the charity runs.
b. to explain the process of blood-giving to staff b. Nellie makes the final decision on whether or not to
c. to encourage staff to regularly give blood start suggested campaigns.
d. to make staff aware of an appeal for blood donations c. Nellie must send all campaigns she develops for
further approval.
142. Under what conditions have staff permission to leave an d. Nellie is confident her campaign will get approval.
hour early?
a. if they work an extra hour through lunch
b. provided they are leaving to give blood and get this Questions 148-149 refer to section D.
confirmed 1,1E. What is the main purpose of this letter?
c, provided they work an extra hour later in the week a. to tell parents about two important charity events
d. provided they accept a pay reduction for the hour b, to tell parents the date of a charity event
missed c. to encourage parents to support an event
d. to encourage parents to volunteer at an event
Questions 143-144 refer to section B.
143. What does'they'refer to in Paragraph 3 where it says 149. Which of the following statements is true?
'make sure they bring their bear or cuddly toy'? a. The charity day takes place every year on March 24th
a. parents b. Which of the two charities the proceeds will be given
b, teddy bears to has yet to be decided
c. cuddly toys c. The school is collecting unwanted items to be given
d. children to the two chosen chadties
d. A variety of different items will be on sale at the
144. What is said about purchasing tickets for the event? charity event
a. Tickets will definitely be sold on the door.
b. Groups of between 3 and 12 children will be allowed Question 150 refers to two or more sections.
in for free. 150. Which section(s) describe fundraising events and were
c. To secure a ticket it may be necessary to book in advance. written by the organization for which the money is being
d. All adult tickets cost f10 and all children can enter free. raised?
a.A
Questions 145-147 ref€r to section C. b.AandD
145. What do we learn about Nellie's job at MiUs? c.B
a. She has worked in the same position for five years. d.BandD
b. The job at Mills was her first full-time, permanent
position.
c. She joined Mills as the Director of Fundraising.
d. Her role presently involves going on community visits.

146. What does Nellie herself say about her role?

a. She spends her mornings fundraising.
b. She is rarely in contact with people outside
the company anymore.
c. She meets with the Head of Marketing on a daily
basis.
d. Her typical morning is filled with many meetings.

il
 test 1

t t ing
I ntroductions
unit will on writing introductory paragraphs, the very first paragraph
required in essays and letters in the ECCE.

TASK A Pre-Writing Activity TASK B Pre-writinsActivity

ls The following sentences of an introduction to

6 Which of the following items do you think a letter have been mixed up.
should be included in an INTBODUCTORY Put them into the correct orden remembering
PABAGRAPH? WhY? what should be included in an introduction.

1. The main arguments and poinls. ls The question has asked for letters to be sent
2. A sentence stating what topic/issue lhe question is to a newspaper regarding the destruction of
Iocusing on. the Brazilian rainforests, and what should be
3. Opening statements on the topic/issue from the writer
done to improve the situation.
4. Detailed description of the first main point.
5. The approach that the essay/letter will take.
6. A summary of the main points.
A There is one sentence that you do not need

Dea" 5i,,,
Ih"devasta'ioh " a.eady hovihq J+ i. +h",,"f"." essen+ial +ha+ Ll.een+

1
seve,,e conseqhences fo,' the ear'+h's
s"pply
"l
ct.o" a.,. a,d "t"ne .7e'ies
will soo,,r beco,re e,.da"9"n"d or ex+ih.i,
3 nreast^,^es L,elaken +o pr"otec+ +he plane+'s
r.ainfo,.esls by b"+h l"cal a',tho,,i+les and
gove,'nrnenls f ro,"r all co"n+ries,

J io you to express my
anr r.t,ri+ln9

2
F
".tly. ',p
rrrqsl c.ea'c
" ',".1,1
oversee environrnen*al prolection, bat lt
r.lrnst have."ffi"i"^+ p"'""" +o enforce
t".ly "
4 concer.n ai ihe con+inirlng deslr.,cilon

"f +h" w".ldt r^olnf or^ests.

its decisions on all coluetlies.

@
I 1/,r'['it inu ' *

W riti n a

To write a story use the Pasl Continuous to descdbe a scene:

The sun was shining and the morning was hot.

and the Simple Past to talk about the evenls:

1 Claire put on her swimming suit and walked to the beach.

TASK C Pre-Writing Activity TASK D Writing Practice

A Re-order the following sentences to make an 6 Bead the questions below, and choose TWO of
opening paragraph for an essay. them [one essay - one letter] to write a suitable
16 The title of the essay is: Some. pdre ls are introductory paragraph.
v*y ptotective of their childre" and mok" all
the decisionsl olhe* pref* to give their children l. How con we solve the problem of homelessness?
responsibility from a young ogu (essoy)

Which approach do you lelieve is correct? 2. Whot suggestions do you hove for the improvement
6 You do not need to use one of the sentences. of your town? lletter)
3. Television hos 0 negotive impoct on society. Whot do
you think? {essoy)
4. Whot odvice would you give to 0 foreign student who
is coming 1o your schoo lo study? lletter)
I J believe tho+ it is important to allow yoang
people lo hov. a say in certain decisions as
lhey becom. malure enough,.
Writing Tips
2 Parer.rls diff icrl+ decisions when
E When you are asked to write an essay
{o"" ^ony or letter, spend some time (about 5 min)
their children ate gtowing up,
planning your ideas and organizing them
before writing the introduction. This way
3 F.," "yo pl", a st,dent needs lo 6" crwat" of you can focus on your writing clearly.
wh,al catezr ogtions will 6e available of+er
f inishing urniversily. E Try to use synonyms of key words and
rcphrase ideas as much as possible;
4 yA^o,ng lhe mosl important ate ltow mrnch lrote the use of synonyms on tasks B &
responsiL,ili+y leenagers sh""ld be givenl and This demonstrates a wide range of
at whot age they can nrale. their own choices. vocabulary and can increase your grade.

w-
 riting
Read the following news item from a local newspaper which is part of an interview taken from an actor.
Then, do either task A or task B. For task A you will write a letter. For task B you will write an essay' Do only ONE
of these tasks. Your writing will be graded on how fluently and clearly you can exPress your ideas in English.

S You wi I have 30 minutes to

write your letter or essay.
q You n'ray make an outl ne or
notes in your test booklet if you
An actor's life
become film stars and competition is stiff, Only a
wish, but your oltline will not herc arc tuo lidcs to an actor'.1:le. On
n-t few survive. Besides. one must be talented and
count toward your score. I rhe one hand. we cdn ha\ e a glamorou.
q You wi I not be graded on the I litc and make a lor ol moner. \\ e trate^ born to be an actor. Furthermore, we have to
appearanc€ ol your paper, but \e rvork extremely hard to reach the top. We work
lo eroric prrce. to.hoot lilms and enjol
yo!r handwriting must be readable. iong hours and under tough conditions. some-
tremendous popu1arit1,. surrounded by 1ins.
You rnay change or correct your times even outside in bad weather. And, on top
reporten arld criticsl though most of us prefer
writing, but you should not recopy
privac,v once we ae in the limelight. On the
of that. you have to do extra work at home such
the who e essay.
q as studying the script and learning your part by
Use your own words as much other hand. an actor must become a star. There
as possible. Do not copy a lot I are a bt olyoung people who would like to heart. In spite of everything, however. it s not a
frorn the article given be ow. :" bad job.-..

A Letter
A Write a letter to the editor of the newspaper expressing your views on the advantages and disadvantages ol being an
actor/actress. Be sure to explain your reasons as carefully as you can.

B €ssay
B A person working in a steady job enjoys security and peace oi mind and looks jorward to a pension at the end of it. He usually
has no high expectations of very high awards. On the other hand, a person who attempts to become a star knows that years of
effort may be rewarded with complete failure, but when success comes, it is very high indeed. Develop these two considerations
as fully as you can.

Task A: ModerLetter Task B: ModetEssay

Deor 5ir/Modom, People moke o serious decision when lhey choose their
I ogree with the opinion that there ore boJh odvon- profession. Some people opt for security ond others ore
toges ond disodvontoges to being on oclor. T believe pteporcd 10 toke o risk in the hope thot they will moke
thot it reolly boils down to the individuol chorocter of more money in the long run. Which rood o person tokes
eoch octor os to whether or not it is o worthwhile depends on their chorocter ond their personal situotion.
profession to f ollow.
In order to be o successful octor you need lo be oble The mojorily of people ore hoppy to eorn enough money
to deol with o life in the public eye ond so you hove to to give them a secure future Gnd ot the some time to be
6e prepored to socrifice your privocy. This, in my oble to enjoy life. But there ore olso people who will
opinion, is the hordest thing to deol with os it offects toke o gomble by doing o job that moy or moy not moke
your friends ond fomily, too. On the other hond, if thern o fortune. Sometirnes o person moy moke money
you ore o noturol exhibitionist you moy love oll the very quickly ond ot o young oge such as in the enlep
lnedio ottention. toinrnent business. This con leod to their downfoll
It is true thot one hos to work hord fo be o success- though, os the money goes to their heod ond they spend
ful octor, but this is true whotever job you choose to it on o fosf but unheolthy lifestyle.
do ond f don't think octors hove to work horder thon
other people or in mone difficulf conditions. I think the cruciol poini is whether or not one hos a
To sum up, I would soy thot octing is os good o job os responsibility to others, i.e. children ond o mortgoge to
ony if you enjoy it but I would prefer to do something poy. Responsibilities demond responsible decisions in
o little less public. how o person leods their life.
Yours foithfully,

24
 peaking
WHERE TO TRAVET

Stage 1 !.
. name?
What is your . How old are you?
o Where are you from? o What do you like to do for entertainment?
. What hobbies do you have? o Where did you grow up? ^ \
. Have you ever been to an English-speaking country?
. How often do you go on vacation?
. Do you prefer going on vacatlon with your friends or your parents?
o Where do you usually stay?
. What means of transportation do you often use when going on vacation?

Stage 2
Situation: Your family is taking a trip and it is your job t0 choose where to gol
First: You should look at the pictures below and aski
. What is there to do in each country?
. What places in each country would we visit?
. How expensive is each country?
o Where would we have the most fun? ITALY
. Which place ls best suited for families?

Stage 3
Then: When you have all the information you need, explain what country you have
chosen. Be ready to give reasons for your choice, Remember to use
information you learned from asking questions to explain your final choice.

Stage 4
Finally, after you have shared your decision, you will be asked
more questions about the topic.

Useful Expressions
Giving advice
. l\4y advice (to you) is............
. t seems t0 rre tl'at you sroul .....,,.

. To be honest, 1think,...........
o Tre 'i.st tling fo' you to do s .......

o You'd better try t0......,..,,,,

USA

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24
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*/ /
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A
) B ),
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 test 2
L istening DorT I
25

A B C

26

A lJr B C

27

28
A r c

DEAN LENNY JENNY

A B c
29

t--:......-..-

A B C

30

I
E
E B C

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IiEten in

Dort 7 L ist enin a

ln this port of lhe test, you will heor four short tolks. After eoch tolk, you will heor some questions obout it.
Before eoch tolk begins, you will hove lime to preview the questions thot ore printed in the test booklel.

. Reod the questions silently.

. Then list€n to the tolk. You con toke notes in the booklet.
. Then listen to eoch queslion ond choose the best onswer from the onswer choices.
. Mork your onswers on the seporote onswer sheet. You should mork A, B, C, or D.

There ore o totol of 20 queslions obout the four short tolks

Questions 3I
Look
-35
ot th6 questions. Then listen to o guest speoker give o tolk NOTES
lo business students.

31. Whal does the speaker say about her own educati0nal background?
a. He went to this university.
b. He used lo attend similar courses.
c. He is a graduate 0f the discipline the students are sludying.
d. He wishes he had done this degree at university.

32. Which ol the following is NoT mentioned by the speaker as being

affected by her decisions?
a. the international reputation of the US currency
b. the pedormance of the national economy
c. the performance of the national banking system
d. the peformance of Joreign markets

33. Why is it a lough time Ior America?

a. it is owed a lot ol money
b. ils people owe a lot of money to their banks
c. it owes a lot of money to foreign countries
ETHM TIPS & STRATEGIES
d. Americans are not paying back their loans
JnPat+ 2.f +he li.+.^i"g, sr".l""+s
liste^ +o 4 1""9." pi...s, .fr."
34. Why is the US Dollar performing well? f.o,6 a ra.lro lec+qre e+c,
a. Because Americans keep spending more money. J" ,,e.1 lif., p..pl..fre^ li'+e^ +.
b. Because America is in crisis. l""e sr".+ch.s of ihfo/ha+ioh a^d
so +his is q +rue +o llfe +.s1, As rh.
c. Because the American economy is also doing well.
pieces a*e o^ly heard once s+"
d. Because other c0untries are in more trouble than America. d."+. "".d +" t. .L,le +. "ec"".l
key poinr s and specific da+a,
35. What does the speaker imply will happen if things stay the same? I h" 1,"s. ',.y ro ,'lo ' h ' i= Ly ,.1-
a. The rest of the world will no longer do business with America. inq sh.r+ noles,7A. y"" ll.+." r.
+he piece, urri+e clot,n ony dates,
b. The situation in America will remain the same.
fie"res/ nahes."d L.y *,."d. +h.+
c. Americans will go on building up more debt.
d. America could become one of the countries in serious financial crisis O". .oy to p/d.,i e th ' i- lo ls-
te^ to soherhihg ih ehglish a6d
rake noles o. yo" li.+.", Do noi rry
+o rvri+e conple*e senle'1ces; iqs+
ohe or tlvo w"..fs f"" each poin+,

r
 test 2
L istening Dorr 2
Questions 36-41 Ouestions 42-46
Look ot the questlons. Then listen to o lecture obout the Look ot the queslions. Then listen lo o rodio
Americon Wor of lndependence. onnouncement.

36. What does the speaker say about America's attitude towards 42. Why was the venue for this yeafs Senior Prom changed?
Britain belore the war? a. Because the date and venue clashed with the
a. lvlost Americans were actively seeking independence. Junior Prom.
b. Few Americans wanted to associale themselves with England h. Because the Prom Committee wanted to hold both
c. America was a united force in desiring independence. proms in one venue,
d. Many Americans were happy wilh the way things were. c. Because last year's venue was not available on the
dale of the prom.
37. Why did some colonists think the taxes they had to pay were illsgal? d. So as not to have the seniors' and juniors' proms in
a. Because there were no American politicians in the British the same place.
parliament.
b. Because Americans were paying higher taxes than Britons. 43. At what time is the Senior Prom itself actually due to stan?
c. Because Britain and France were at war. a.7130
d. Because Americans were paying off Brilish debt. b. 10:30
c.9:00
38. How did Britain react when it realised that the taxes were making d. 9:30
Americans angry?
a. by removing all taxes 44. How much will it cost 1o attend both the dinner reception
b. by bringing in troops 10 control the riots and protests an d the prom?
c. by revoking the tax on tea a- $1S0
d. by removing some of the taxes h. $120
c. $70
39. What does the speaker believe the {act that America wasn't ready d. $260
Ior war shows?
a. that independence had only recenlly become impoflant t0 m0sl 45. What is said about buying prom tickets?
Americans a. 0nly 100 tickets will be available online.
b. that the Americans were very poor at organising things b.20% of all tickets will be sold online
c. that the British troops were more professional than the c. There is a limited number of tickets so b00k early.
Americans d. People who book early online get a discount.
d. that America badly needed help to defeat Britain
46. Whal does the speaker mean when ,t',, ,urr'()
40. What can we imply about the progress ol lhe first few months a. Anyone caught drinking at the prom will be expelled
of the war? from school.
a. Britain was in control. b. Prom night will be suspended if anyone is caught
b. Bolh sides held the advantage at different times. drinking there.
c. The American troops held the advanlage. c. People caught drinking at the prom will either be
d. The two sides were very equally matched. suspended or expelled Irom school.
{)) d. Prom night will be cancelled if students are caught
41. What does the speaker mean when he says: drinking at il.
a. America stafted to gain the advantage after Britain's enemies
became involved.
b. American supplies ol arms and troops were afiected by
unpredictable tides.
NOTES
c. High tides had prevented Britain's enemies lrom supplying the
colonists.
d. France, Spain and Holland declared war on Britain to help the
colonists.

NOTES

32
li:;ten in L*
Dort 2 L ist enin a

Ou€slions 47-5O
Look dt the quesfions. Then listen lo o rqdio onnouncement. NOTES
47. Why does the speaker say James' story is special?
a. He is from a rich family.
b. He made his money in the oil business.
c. He created a successful company wilhout any help.
d. He owns the biggest fast-food chain in the state.

48. What has Anna Desrae done?

a. She invenled an'unburstable bubble'.
b. She invented a product which analyses in-car threals.
c. She invenled a type of safety seat.
d. She invented a type of popular baby's toy.

49. What is Jacques Fleuis main occupation?

a. He is a comedian.
b. He is a lull-time businessman.
c. He runs two e-commerce companies.
d. He is an invenlor.

50. What time does the show stad and linish at?
a.6p .m. and 6:30 p.m.
b.6p .m. and 6:50 p.m.
c.6p .m. and 6:15 p,m,
d. 6:5 0 p.m. and 7:20 p.m.

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 rammar
51. The thief......... aheady with the 57. "Could I help you, sir?" 63. All the girls except Joan
money before the police arived. "Yes, I am looking fol a ........ to the show tonight.
a. was leaving briefcase." a. is going
b. left a. leather, Italian, brown b. will have gone
c. had Ieft b. Italian, brown, Ieather c. are going
d. has left c. brown, Italian, leather d. goes
d, leather, brown, Italian
52. Joseph is such a......... swimmer 64. "What is that Iovely smell?"
that the coach asked him to join 58. If I hadn't gone to downtown "I bought an air fteshener that
the swim team. Athens yesterday, I ......... ............ the aroma of flowers."
a. fast bumped into an old classmate a. gives off
b. fastly a, would not b. turns in
c. is fast b, would never have c, puts by
d. faster c. would never to d. lets on
d. never would
53. Could you please tell the guests to a short
65. We'd better...............
park ........ cars behind the garage? 59. ..,............ it is very cloudS toda1. break before it starts raining
a. there it may not rain at all. a. taking
b. thei$ a. Nevertheless b. to take
c. they b. Yet c. take
d. their c. However d. should take
d. Even though
54. The important information ...... 66. This is the boy .......... father
60. Cindy prefers walking ...
giYen to us by the camp director founded the company.
school to taking the bus.
a. are a. whom
a. for b. whose
b. was
b. to c, who
c. has c. at
d, being d. who's
d. out
55. He .......... fell down and broke 61. Mark's teacher told him he .... 67. "What did your mother iust sa],?"
his leg. "She asked me
to spend more time studying.
a. quite a. ought a. who the money has
b. much b. could b. who does the money belong
c. nearly c- who the monev do belons
c. must've
d, rather d. have d, who the money belonged to

56. "Why did you buy the blue suitca,se?" 62. "Jerry was with me last night. 68. The witness told the jury that
"I bought it because it is much You .......... him at the shopping he ...........,.. Mr. Smith before.
.......... the black one." mall with George." a. didr't see
a. bigger than a. shouldn't see b. never see
b. more bigger b. don't see c. had never seen
c. as big c. seen d. never had saw
d. biggest than d. can't have seen

EXAM TIPS & STRA

One yan^na" i+e'a rhat is .fteh I":,:iT.1," ",i P"efer' co^ b. "s.J ihs+"a..] .f'\,o"lJ 'arhe.'
"f w"4l.l ..rhef ^^d'p."fer ro', Many slutl.^rs
,=.-,*.""f"-, " "".,'h.,.". "f rh.,..\r...""'. "Pref el' ;s ose! wlrh rhe 'to ihf ihi+ive".
ld preler Lo iL4 al home than Bo lo the mo\ip.
J+ ca,. als. 1,. f"ll"*",l L,y ^ s.."",1,
"Woqld ra+her" is "sed to express p."f.""^""." I prcfet listening to music than to reading a book.
particrlar occasiohs,
Jr ts f .ll.wed L.y +he infihitive wilhour "+o",
l'd rathet stay at home than go to the movie.

E
rIr ,]m m,lr'
G lrammar
69. "Do you olten go sailing?" 75. ............... ofwhat you think, 8I. "I am exhausted. Jack. we have
"Actually, hardly ever ........... I really like this hotel. been driving for ten hours.
find the time." a. Despite Can we please stop ............... a
a. aml b. Never mind cup of colfee and a bite to eat?"
b. dol c. Regardless a. to have
c. Ido d. Although b. having
d. doing I c. to have had
76. Tom asked Alice if she wanted d. and will have
to go to the cinema. She told
70. I will call you as soon as I home. him that she ...... hy to get offwork. 82. When I got lost in Rome and
a. get a. would asked a man ..,............... he was
b. am getting b. was very polite and gave me pert'ect
c. got c. ought directions.
d. witl get d. should have a. where is the train station
b. where was the train station
71. "Would you like to come to the 77. "Would you mind .............., the c. where the train station was
ballet with me tonight?" window because I feel cold?" d. where will be the trair station
"Oh yes, thank you. I would be a, to close
........... to go with you." b. closing 83. He seemed rich; ..... he
a. delighttul c. will close owned three cars.
b. delighting d. close a. however
c. delight b. for example
d. delighted 78. Julie is such a sweet and c. in contrast
understanding person outside d, nevertheless
72. "Would someone please tell me the class, but as a teacher she
to whom .,.,...... books belong?" refuses to ,............. any port
84. Unless you leave for the a
a. theirs disobedience from the students
immediately, you .......... your flight
b. these a. put down to a. miss
c, them b. put on b, will miss
d, they c. put aside c, are missing
d. put up with d. won't miss
73. It feels .......... warm in here;
maybe we should turn on the 79. The police told Terry that he
85. The more 1ou study. the ...........
afu conditioner. shouldn't ............ his house
chances you have of passing
a. rather unlocked because in doing so he
your exam.
b. hardly had invited the burglars to
a. most
c. rarely break in Iast night.
b. biggest
d. little a. had left
c. more
b. been leaving
d. big
74. Sarah showed me her dog and c, to leave
one of its eyes was blue; .........,., d. have left
its other eye was green.
a. therefore 80. Look across the room at the
h. so man ............ first introduced us
c. however to each other.
d. for instance a. whose
b. who
c. whom
d. who's

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 ocabulary
86. All of us have to pay ........... tax. 91.I cannot ........... a car like that! 96. Don't put the........... on me!
a. penalty It's too expensive for me. I'm not responsible for your
b. value a. aim financial problems.
c. income b. achieve a. guilt
d. salary c. afford b. blame
d. request c. excuse
d. cause
E7. My sister ........ all the Christmas
92. You are kindly requested to
presents in nice paper. 97, I've........... with my girlfriend
........... from smoking during
a. wrapped the flight. because I realized that she
b. recovered a. keep didn't really love me.
c. wrinkled b. stop a. broken down
d. folded c, refrain b. broken up
d. reduce c. fallen over
88. There was a ....... on TV between d. taken off
the two presidential candidates. 93. He was ....... to 20 years in
a. chat prison for manslaughter. 98. My sister will buy this car .....
b. debate a. convicted of my advice.
c. criticism b. sentenced a. nevertheless
d, commentary c. condemned b. regardless
d. accused c. although
d. without
89. ........... in mind that you should
94. The Knicks had a ........... defeat
be at the office by 8 o'clock in All my family were very excited
and didn't quali$ for the finals. 99.
the moming. a. fantastic at the .... o[ bu]ing a new house.
a. Consider b. devaluating a. probability
h. Rehold c. crushing b. prospect
c. Bear d. smashing c. selection
d. Fix d, potential
95. We are planning to participate in
90. We all .......... into laughter when all the ......... book exhibitions 100, If you are not pleased with our
we heard his story. in order to promote our books. products your moneY will be ....
a. banged a. expecting a. refunded
b. expressed b. forthcoming b. regained
c. fell c. arriving c. rejected
d. burst d. happening d. reserved

EI(AJVI TIPS & STRATEGIES

C*Iain v*bs ar. f.ll.wed by pat+icular prepositions. there -r. .f+.n .efe,"eA t" a" A.p^d.n+ PrePositiohs,
Prit +he werbs 6elow inro +he corr&+ careaory of AepenAen+ preposilion.

on about at for
insist complain laugh hope
concentrate hear stare wish
rely worry glance apologize
depend think shout aPPIY

apply complain laugh insist glance apologize concentrate hear rely think shout hope depend worry wish slare

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ri r_il:,3hu I.]r\t
v ocabular
101. He thinks he is superior because 108. t am very happy that )ou.....,..... ll5, There is a wide ........... of
he's rich and he.......... people in passing your school exam. products in a department store
like us. a. achieved a, brand
a. looks up to h- succeeded b. line
b, looks down on c, reached c. show
c. puts off d. managed d. range
d. pulls down
109. You should know that you're not 116. I think you cut your finger
........! If you are not good at your somewhere because it is........
102. Sheila was reading the
job. job, the company will fire you. a. hurting
trying to find a
a. commercials a. indifferent b. bruising
b. categories b, influential c. leaking
c. unpredictable d. bleeding
c. classifieds
d. indispensable
d. columns 117. The boys ......... when their team
110. According to the weather report, scored a goal.
103. It is........... that he feels sad and
there are no ...... that the weather a, moaned
lonely after his diYorcei will be better tomofiow. b. groaned
everybody can see that. a. signals c. whispered
a. obvious b. evidence d, cheered
b. curious c. indications
c. transparent d. elements 118. The doctor examined the
d. serious patient........... and found her in
111. If you want to find cheap perfect health.
104. My new flat ........ a nice park; the accommodation you should stay a. gradually
view from my balcony is fantastic, at a youth ........... . b. absolutely
a. shows a. hotel c. thoroughly
b, oversees b. hostel d. directly
c. regards c. campus
d. overlooks d. center l19. He has been working as a sporls.,....
for the local TV station.
105. He scored a goal and his team l12. The issue of legalizing a, author
won and then he became abortion is very .........., and b. sponsor
famous ......,.... . needs a lot of discussion. c. commentator
a. fortnight a. complementary d, observer
b. ovemight b. comprehensible
c. by night c. controversial 120. One of my students ...........
d. compound so badly that I have great
d. precisely
dlfficulty in understanding him
106. My teacher is very......... .
113. The police didn't provide us when he speaks.
He always tells us that we with ........... information about a. whispers
should be interested in new today's terrorist attack. b. sighs
ideas and not be prejudiced. a. subjectiYe c. stutters
a. open-handed b. subsequent d. grumbles
b, open-mouthed c. sufficient
c. open-minded d, spacious
d. open-eyed
114. We can't go out in the stormi
107, All the political parties should it's out of the ........... .
........... terrorism. a, order
a. condemn b. touch
b. judge c. question
c. disapprove d, blue
d. charge

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 ,lr

rt1
This passage is about Amazon River's endangered environment'

A{ter years of
inattention, 121. Who or what is destroying the Eadh's environment?
the whole a. people in general
world has b. dch nations
awakened at
c. conservationists
last to how
much is at d, the Third World countdes
stake in the
Amazon. It :t".
122. What does the expression, "assault" mean in line 19?
has become
a, assistance
the front line
in the battle to rescue Earth's endangered environment b. attack
from humanity's destructive ways. "Save the rain forest", c, development
long a cry for conservationists, is now being heard coming
d. improvement
from the mouths of politicians and rock stars. The move-
ment has sparked a confrontation between rich industrial
nations, which are fresh conyerts to the elvironmental 123. The danger to the forest is
cause, and the poorer nations of the Third World, which a. greater than it's ever been before
view outside interference as an assault on their dghts.
b. not as bad as people say.
c. nol lrom loggers and miners.
The vast region of unbroken green that surrounds the
Amazon River and its tributaries has been under assault d. mainly because of the river.
from settlers and developers for 400 years. Time and again,
the forest has defied predictions that it would be destroyed 124. According to Philip Fearnside, what will happen if
forever. But now the danger is more real and imminent
than ever before as loggers cut down trees, dams flood vast things don't change?
areas of land and gold miners poison rivers with mercury. a. There will be more forests.
In Peru the forests are being cleared to grow coca for b. The river will flood.
cocaine production. "It's dangerous to say the forest will
c. The forest will be destroyed.
disappear by a particular year," says Philip Fearnside of
Brazil's National Institute for Research in the Amazon, d. The Amazon river will be poisoned.
"but unless things change, the forest rrill disappear."
125. If the forest disappean it will affect
That would be more than a South American disaster. It a. South Amedca.
would be an incalculable catastrophe for the entire plaret.
b. Ioggers.
c. Peru.
d. the whole world.

EXAM TIPS & STR,ATEGIES read or understand every word in order to answer
ln Part 3 & Part 4 of the reading section you may be the questions. You are just looking for key words
given a reading exercise with a number of small texts and information. Scanning is something you do all
with multimatching questions. the time without thinking about it. For example,
The answers will not be found in chronological when you look at a bus or train timetable or for a
order. You will have to scan the text for specific particular program in a TV guide.
information. This means that you do not need to

E
 ]
rE,=d inu
This passage is about taxes.
€
R eadin a

lYost self-employed people dread

this time of year, but they cannot
aYoid it; one way or another, you
I [k' 126. What does the writer suggest in Paragraph 2'l
have to do your taxes and send them
in to the IRS before deadline day. a. The tax system punishes the self-employed.
b. Self-employed people have opportunities to reduce
But what's the use in punishing their ta\ bill not open to ordinary employees.
yourself by rushing the figures ju st to get one r It is a considerable risk trying to do your own taxes.
c.
self-employed people take a considerable risk in working for
d, The fewer expenses you have, the lower
themselves, and this is reflected in the way they are taxed.
the amount of tax you will have to pay.
You see, unlike employees, the self-employed can deduct
expenses from the taxable amount of money that they earn.
127. Why does the writer tell people to 'be realistic' in
This is a way of reducing the amount of tax they have to Pay.
It is therefore very much in your interest to record all your Paragraph 3, line 5; what does he mean by this?
income and outgoings carefully so as to ensure that you claim a. Don't buy a big house if you only need a small office space.
all the expenses you are allowed and don't overpay your taxes. b, Don't overestimate your expenses dramatically.
c. Only claim some of the expenses you have a right to,
And this is where it gets tricky; what exactly can and can't not all of them.
you claim as an expense? Well, for example, if you work from d. Claim less than you ars entitled to or you will have
home, you should be aware that you are entitled to claim problems with the IRS.
some of your utility bills, insurance costs and rental payments.
But the emphasis is on the word SOME; be realistic; if you
128. How do you calculate your expenses for
use one of the five rooms in your house as an office, then
equipment and machinery?
you can claim one-fifth of the rent. But start claiming too
a, You can expense the total cost in one year.
much, like say 8096, and this mitht make the IRS officials a
little suspicious, prompting them to examine your accounts b. You are not allowed to expense such items.
more closely. c. You can expense an amount equal to how much value
these items have lost since the previous year.
You can also claim for the cost of equipment and machinery
d. You can only expense these items if they
Now, that doesn't mean that if you buy a new car for
are used exclusively for work purposes.
f20,000 you can write the total amount off atainst your
income, but, provided you use the car for work, you can
129. Is it possible to elpense the cost of buying clothing?
depreciate it each year. ln simple terms, for every year you
a. Yes, but only if it is special clothing you had to buy
hold on to a car, it becomes less valuable. The difference
between this year's and last year's value is the amount you exclusively for work use.
can claim as an expense. b. No, clothes costs cannot be written off.
c, Yes, smart suits wom for work may be expensed.
Be careful though with things like clothes. For most of us, d. Yes, clothes can be expensed with the
clothes are not something we can write off. I mean, forget exception of uniforms and safety gear.
trying to claim expenses for your work suits; you have to buy
clothes anylvay to wear, whether you are self-employed or
130, What is implied by the information in the last paragaph?
not. The only time you can claim expenses for clothing is
a. IRS staff are difficult to deal with and most people
when you need to buy it exclusively for use at work, like a
fear contacting them.
uniform for example, or a safety helmet.
b. You will be treated very fairly by the IRS provided
lf in doubt, ask! Contrary to popular belief, IRS officials are you do not deliberately try to hide the facts.
there to help and don't want to catch you out. lf you call the c, The IRS has a reputation for being easy to approach
self-employed persons' helpline number, and provided you are with questions.
open and honest about your finances, you have nothing to fear. d. In reality, the experience of dealing with the IRS is
always a pleasant one.

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 a
n Part 3
A Middleship Cruises
Santorini and the Aegean
Middleship Cruises is one of the most well-
c A Forest of Giants
by Larry Burke
There are three species of giant redwood
known and highly-respected cruise ship com- trees in the world today, and two of them
panies operating in the Aegean and we are
can be seen together in the redwood forest
proud to bring you details of our special eady-
of California. To stand beside these beasts
summer offer,
is to feel very very small indeed, and you
Santorini and Crete cannot fail to be impressed by mother
Spend two nights on Crete and three on the beautiful island of nature when you come to realise quite how
Santorini, not to mention a lurther four nights cruising on the Aegean gigantic they are, especially considering the
in one of our luxury cabins. This is the cruise holiday that has it all; fact that, like all plant llfe, the redwoods started out as tiny
stunning natural beauty - the deep canyons of Crete and the breath- little seedllngs.
taking Santorini-caldera sunset; amazing food - delicious traditional
Cretan dishes and food from around the world on Santorini; great The most accessible place to see thern is along Highway 101
shopping - jewellery and gifts for her from the exclusive bespoke
which runs parallel to the Avenue of Giants, a 5O"mile stretch
jewellers of Santorini - and accessory-shopping heaven in the bou-
of Humbolt Redwood Forest. Here, hundreds of thousands of
tiques and shopping malls of Heraklion, the Cretan capital; you name
tourists gather each year to see the 300-foot-tall, 3000-year-
it, this holiday has it all to offer. Don't miss outl
old,2000ton redwoods in all their glory. lt is truly a site to
This holiday package includes 4-star hotel accommodation, as well as behold.
flights and transfers, and is available for the knock-down price of
5350. Uperade to a first-class cabin on the cruise ship lor just anoth- Sometimes referred to as nature's cathedrals, not only are
er S80. For groups of more than 10, enjoy a further 20% discount. they the redwoods giants of the natural world, they are also
extremely resilient.One famous example of this is the case of
a tree which was partially destroyed n a wildfire way back
almost a century ago in 1914, Amazingly, the tree has

tr Travelers' Muses
by Monique Noy
Beware the cost of driving in ltalyl
remained standing to this day, but not only thau it has also
continued to grow.

Another oi the famous redwoods is the giant tree through

which road-builders chose to tunnel rather than build around,
I recently returned from a holiday in ltaly far
lrom satis{ied with my experience. Was the so big was t. As a result, today, road-users can drive their
weather not up to much? No, it was great. cars right through the trunk of the tree. Now, if that doesn't
Were the people unkind? No, they were the same as anyrvhere else, give you an dea of just how big these beasts are, what will?
Were my expectations too high? Well, they were hich, but that did-
n't matter because Venice and Florence still blew me away. So
what then, you might wonder was wrong with my stay... Well, the From: Ned Saunders
truth is, not a lot. ltaly is a beautiJul place and it's no wonder To: Ellen Macey
millions of tourists visit it every year. Re: Feedback on Holiday Experience

But my problem is with how the government takes advantage of

Deor Mr. Sounders,
these tourists. For example, highway tolls are so high that there
might as well be an extra tax on your stay. I spent a cool 5400 Iom very sorry to hear thot your receht holidoy it1
on tolls driving around for just a coup{e of weeks. But the thing Barcelono was not oll thot you expected.
that angered me the most was not the charges lwas aware ol
and could anticipate, but rather the charges ldidn't see and As to the problems you encountered, f'm ofroid thot
wasn't expecting. while it wos very unfortunote that your luggoge wenl
missing on the flight ovzr, we at Jones Trovel can hardly
A few days after lcame back home, lgot a bill for 5180 from
be held responsible for thot. Nor is it our foult thot it
'the Police Department of Florence'. lmmediately lwas confused -
was it a line...? " and this wasn't helped by the fact that the
took the oirline company over o week to reunite you with
entire letter was in ltalian. Anyway, I got a iriend to tell me the your belongings. Thot soid, wa hove relayed your com-
gist of what it said and basically it seems that ldrove through ploint io lhe cirline concerned.
an area of a town at a time when I wasn't supposed to, which
As for your occommodotion, we ate vzty coneful to stote
resulted in a fine.
thot the picture on the website is not necessorily 100%
But I was sure I hadn't seen any signs anywhere, so I did some occurote; therefore, we will not occept responsibility for
research. Sure enough, I found the answer I was looking for; there there being only a gueen-size bed in your room. But ot
were signs, but only in ltalian! Clearly the government doesn't ony rote, we teel thot gueen-size is omple for a single
think it is important for foreign drivers to know the rules; after traveller.
all, if we don't know them, they can just charge us for making
mistakes we couldn't avoid - tourist taxes pure and simple - I am Kind Regords,
never going back there again,
Ellen Mocey (Head ol Customer Service)
40
 .j

f E,ltl i fr l
R eading

Questions 131-132 refer to section A. Question 136-137 refer to section C.

131. Which of the following is not hightighted to 136. What does the wdter refer to in paragraph 2

promote the cruise? as 'a site to behold'?

a. the natural features of the landscape a. the crowds of toudsts
b. the range of different types of cuisine b. Highway 101
c. the availabiliry of lux!ry goods c. the big, old redwoods
d. the range of on-board shopping facilities d. the amount of traffic

132. What does the ad say about accommodation? 137. What do we learn about the tree mentioned in the third
a. For the basic pdce customers can enjoy four-star hotel paragraph?
accommodation every night of the cruise. a. It was destroyed in a fire and died.
b. Al1 cabin accommodation on the cruise ship is of the b. It first started to grow in 1914.
same first-class standard, c. The dead fire-damaged tree remains standing
c. Group-bookings for up to 10 people will quali! for a to this day.
207o discount. d. It produced new growth despite being damaged
d. For an extra $80, customers can enjoy a first-class by fire.
cabin as well as the four-star hotel accommodation.
Questions 138-139 refer to section D.
Questions 133-I35 refer to section B. 138. Why is Ellen Macey writing to Mr. Saunders?
133, Why is Monique Noy disappointed with her Italy tdp a. to admit fault and apologise
erperience? b. to confirm an investigation is continuing
a. Her expectations of the tdp were too high. into the complaint
b, The weather was poorer than hoped for. c. to make it clear that her company does not
c. The people were not especially kind. accept it is at fault
d. She felt the govemment exploited her to get d. to suggest a way to resolve the complaiflt

more money.
139. What can be implied from paragraph 3?
134. What is the main reason Monique found it irritating to a. Mr, Saunders went on holiday alone.
receive a $180 fine? b. The company made a false claim.
a. She had already paid $400 in tolls. c. Mr. Saunders booked the wrong type of room.
b. She couldn't read Italian. d. Mr. Saunders'bed was too small for him to sleep in.
c. She felt it was really a hidden charge.
d, She never drove through the town in the letter.
Question 140 refers to two or more sections.
135. What does Monique imply in the last paragraph? 140. Which sections refer directly to personal erperiences people
a, Toudsts are taxed more than ordinary Italians when had while on vacation?
they buy things. a.ACandD
b. The Italian government is being deliberately b.BandC
unfair to tourists, c.CandD
c. People visiting Italy need to be able to speak d.BandD
Italian to understand the road signs.
d. Nothing about Italy impressed her, so she would
never go back

t4r
 2 t

Sports Magazine
Editor Needed
c What is Petanque
by Andy Frawd
Sports Msgazine seeks an editor to The ittle-known sport of petanque is much
join its existing four-person editorial
team. This is a junior editorial posi-
r-! Fr loved by rhe people of the Provence 'egion
of France, where it first originated. Now I say little-known, but
tion and you will be repo ing to the Editor-in-Chief. that's not quite true since around 17 milion French people piay
the game caslally during the summer months each year, not to
Main duties and responsibilities:
mention another 50,000-odd in North America, as we I as a hafd-
e checking articles for basic spelling and grammatical
mi.takes, as ucll as faclual inaccuracies ful in Britain and other parts of Europe. However, outside of
o occasionally writing magazine contributions yourself French'influenced communlties, there is hardly any awareness of
the game at all.
Minimum qualifications:
r an Honors Bachelor's degrcc It comes frorn the same fam ly as bowls and the objective is t0
c work experience in a newspaper throw hollow metal balls as close as possible to a small wooden
. a member of the Socie1. for Editors tuul Proofieaders one. The game is p ayed on hard dirt or gravel. There are two-,
lour' and six-player formats.
Salary will be competitive and commensurate with experience
T0 start a game, a coin is tossed to dec de who goes first. The
For more information and instructions on how to apply,
start ng team then draws a circle on the ground to indicate the
please visit our website al'. wwr,. spoismagazine.comlj obs
spot from which all players must throw their balls. Then the first
player throws the jack (small wooden target bal) six to ten
meters away. The same player then throws the first ball and is
followed by a p ayer from the opposing team. The next turn gOes
to the team whose ball is furthest from the jack. This team con-

tI Readers' Questions
by Ed Bandon
Q: Who will win the final of the Heineken Cup?
tinues to throw unt I one of its balls lands closer to the jack than
the opposition's, or unt I they run out of balls to throw. When
both tearns have no more balls left to throw, the play finishes.
The team which has the ball thrown c osest to the jack gets a
nv, in Montreal
point for this and every other one of lts bals that is closer to
A: Hi Viv the jack than the best'placed opposltion ball.

Thank you for your question. It's unusual to get asked about That is called one'end'and the teams continue playing ends until
a rugby competition b], one of our North American readers one team reaches 13 points, the score needed to win.
though; isn't American football the big game over there?
That was a pleasant surp sel
From: Spons Magazine
Anlavay, my answer to you would be that both teams look To: Laura Maine
strong on paperi so it could be a tight match. That said, I Rei Recent Article
think Leinster have the experience and momentum - they
have definitely been playing the better rugby all season. I Deor Louro,
think if they score a few points early in the game, they may
open up a big Iead by half-time and it could be all over then. We would like to respond to your recent letter by point-
On the other hand, if Ulster can stay with them for the filst ing out thot we did not occuse you of cheoling, but mere-
40 minutes, we could have a very exciting match on our ly reported thot you were occused of doing so ond thot o
cose wos being brought ogoinst you by the Olympic
hands and I wouidn't know who to pick in that scenado.
Selection committee. As journolists, it is our job to
report the focls: therefore, we do not feel that we owe
If you are asking me for a prediction though, I woulcl have to
you on opology.
say Leinster, and I have a feeling that the margin of victory
will be quite big because I think they will make a fast start. When your cose is heond, we will report on the outcome
juslos foctuolly, ond if you ore found not guilty, we will
Readen, what do you think? Let us know. moke this very cleor.If you ore found to have cheoted,
we will noturolly report lhis conclusion, too, however.
We'll find out on Saturday one way or another!
We hove no further comment to rnoke ot this time
Best,
Kind Regords,
Ed Banclon

re
Lorry Lyre
rE,td in
R eadin a

Questions 1,11-142 refer to section A. 146. What is 'the jack' (in paragraph 2)?
141. Which of the following statements is true? a. The ball players throw to try to get as close as possible
a. Spofts Magazine rs looking for a new Editor-in-Chief. to the target.
b. After the advertised position has been filled, there b. A wooden target stuck into the ground.
will be four people working in the editorial departmert. c. The name used to refer to the filst throw of the game.
c. This position might suit someone looking for their d. The actual target players must try to get their balls
first editorial role. as close as possible to.
d. The Editor-in-Chief will conduct the interviews with
candidates, 147. How many ends have to be played before a game of
petanque is over?
142. Which of these people would the position suit best? a. 13
a. A joumalist tired ofwriting articles that wanted a b. Each end represents one game.
complete change. c, As many as necessary until either team reaches
b. A freelance writer and editor who works mainly 13 points.
with literature. d. A minimum of 13 ends which equals 13 points.
c. A journalism graduate who did an irtemship at a
newspaper last summer. Question 1rl8 refers to section D.
d. A member of the Society of Editors and 14E. What did Spotts Magazine do that made
Proofreaders studying for a journalism degree. Laura Maine unhappy?
a. Its reporter, Larry Llre, had proof that she was cheating.

Questions 143-144 refer to section B. b. It informed the Olympic Committee of a suspicion

143, What is most likely to happen in the match in the that Laura cheated.
writer's opinion? c. It reported on a story involving Laum and a court case.
a. It will be a very close game. d, It criticised Laura in a report written for the
b. Leinster will win by a lot of points. Olympic Selection Committee.
c. It will be close until half{ime and then Ulster will
take control.
d. The winner willbe decided in the last few minutes. Questions 149-150 refer to two or more sections.
149. Which section(s) mention sports which are not
144. What tactic does the wdter think Ulster should use to as popular in some parts of the world as othen?
have the best chance of winning? a.C
a. Try to open up a big first-half lead. b.AandC
b. Try to make a fast start and then hold on. c.BandD
c. Try to stop Leinster building up a big firsthalf lead d.BandC
d. Try to make the game open and high-sco ng.
150. In which section(s) would you find information about
Questions 145-147 refer to section C. how good a team / piayer is during a specific period of
145. Why does the wdter say it is'not quite true' to suggest the game /match?
that petanque is a little-known sport (paragraph 1)? a.A
a. Because it is played by a Iarge number of people b.B
globally. c.BandC
b. Because it is popular in America, France and other d.CandD
parts of Europe.
c, Because millions of different types ofpeople
play the sport.
d. Because in areas influenced by French culture it is
very well-klown.

EL
 ll

fesf 2 ffi
riting
Topic Sentences
This unit will demonstrate the use of topic sentences in paragraphs

TASK A Pre-Writing Activity TASK B Pre-writinsActivity

A Discuss the following questions with l$ Bead this detinition of a topic sentence:
your classmates and your teacher: mal, idea of a paragraph
"A topic sentence expresses the
and makes it clear what will be discussed in the paragraph."
1. Why do writers use paragraphs? A topic sentence is often the lirst line of a paragraph,
2. How many paragraphs should be used in but does not have to be.
the ECCE exam?

3. Whal do you think a topic sentence is?

6 The following sentences will all support the
main idea. Which one of the following pairs
are good topic sentences? Why?

A Television has great A ln mv ooinion shelters for A For example, no city can

educational potential in the Otn, norrtrss should be built afford 10 spend much money
1 modern world if used correctly (in everytown and citv.
3 on old people.

B This means that many B This situation is very B The lirst thing the local
Third World countries have dangerous Ior young children authorities need to do is
more opportunities. build a series of parks.

)
44
Itrt"t
r ll'I
I I t fr
W iting
adverbs of lrequency come before the main verb or aftq! the verb "to be":
He always works hard. He is always late.

\^rril ing adverbs of manner come aftql the vetb or 4f!EI the obiect, if there is one
She dances beautifully. She lifted the vase carefully.

advetbs of place come at the end of the sentence:

Please wait for me outside. Your glasses are over there.

advetbs of time come at the end of the sentence or qlteg an auxiliaty verb
soon.
l'll see you She has already finished her work.

TASK C Pre-Writing Activity TASK D writinsPractice

A A writer may start with an initial sentence a choose one of rhe ToPlc SENTENCES from
(known as a preamble sentence) giving the idea
TASK B.
of the paragraph BEFoBE a topic sentence, and
then follow with an explanation or an example.
16 Now, write the remainder of each panagraph
focusing on the main idea identified in the topic
l& Put the following sentences into the correct
sentence.
order, and write what type of sentence each
one ts: reamble sentence, 19p!g sentence, and
which provide explanation and example.

I J+ i" lelief , however, that TV hos great

Writing Tips
^y
potenlial f or educalion E Before you start wdting, read the
question carefully, and underline the
2 Thi. obilry ho. 6."n gtowing ov* the last few main words in the question.
yeors) as nowadays hr.ndreds of channels can be After brainstorming your ideas make
chosen lo provide specific educational content. sure they are relevant and will
provide the required answer.
3 Cl.-cr"ly, their educalional valae is shown 6y lhe
re.gular
"rse,f such prog"o ond videos
s in E Here are some connecling words that
schools loday, can be used to start a FIRST or
SECOND main paragraph.
4 Th,o" hov" olwoyr b".n many p"ople who 6lame First of oll One reoson
television lor causing problems, especially with Firstly Secondly
yo, ng children, To slort wilh Additionoliy
To begin wilh Also
5 For instance., sl.cln progtams incl,de documettories on the one hond On the other hond
that featare wildlife at amazingly close dis+ances,
[isloricol rezrealions ond .v.n fc.t.ign lc,ngu'ag"
Progtahs,

r
 riting
Read the following news item from a local newsPaPer about soccer (football). Then, do either task A or task B'
For task A you will write a letter. For task B you will write an essay. Do only ONE of these tasks. Your writing will
be graded on how fluently and clearly you can exPress your ideas in English.

\ You wil have 30 minutes to

write your etter or essay.
\ YoLr may make an outline or
S occer
notes n your test booket f yo! G
I ball natches has been {alling steadil}r over the iast
w sh, but your out ine w not l-1 occcr is undoubtedll a tough. [a.t ard ercit-
count toward your score. twelty years. In the past, there used to be an occa-
\,ng gur. *r,.n requrres grcat pr\\rcrr
s You wil not be graded on the V en,lurance. Al the.ame time..occer is big sionai fight on the terraces. but nowadays whole
appearance of your paper, but eangs of teenagers cause vandalism and destruc-
business involving a lot of money and can be a
your handwrit ng must be readable
verr violenl and prtitive .pot t becaus< rr in' tion. But many people overlook lhese bad points
com
Yo! may change or coTTecl your
for the sake of the sport and the entertainment it
writing, blrt you shou d rot recopy ning has become the most impo(ant thing. It
provides and seriously believe that soccer creates
the who e essay. shouldn't come to us as a surprise, therefore, when
s llse your own words as much ltc sce r io,ence ano hooligani.m on televi'ion.
goodwill between nations
as poss b e. Do not copy a ot loot-
. Hooligans are the reason why attendance at
from the articLe given below.

-,,**.r*'*"id !
A Let+er
A Write a letter to the editor of the newspaper expressing your views on the positive and negative aspects of soccer. State
the reasons why you are Ior or against this game. Be sure to explain your reasons as fully as you can.

B €ssay
B lt has often beei said that sports, instead of promoting friendship and goodwill between nations, encourage a spirit of
hostility and unfriendly competition. How far do you agree with this statement? Give reasons Ior your answer.

Task A: ModetLetter Task B: ModetEssay

Deor 5irlModom,
I totolly dissgree with fhe ideo thot sPort creotes
hostility between notions, olthough I do recognize thot
There hos been o lot of bod press lotely over soccer ond
there is o lot of rivolry between teoms on o locol ond
the increosing problems thot surround the gome. DesPite notionol level.
the problems thot ore giving the gome o bod rePutotion, f
still believe it hos o lot to offer ond is o worthwhile sPort.
fn my opinion, when Jhere is greot hostility between
notionol teoms, it is becouse of politicol conflict between
Professionol soccer ployers are ochieving c'ffiozing leals
the countries. 5enerally speoking, sport helps to heol
ond ore probobly beller now thon at ony time in the post.
these problems os long os the othletes themselves
However, lheir bod ottilude often sets o bod exomple to show o positive ottitude.
fons ond encouroges .hooligonism both in ond out of the
stodium.
lf we toke The Olympic Games os lhe greotest exom-
ple of o sporting eveni helween differcnl nofions, we
Hooligons hove put people off going to o motch ond this is
can clearly see how sport brings notions togelher.
o terrible shome os soccer is becoming less ond lass o fomily Athletes from oll over the world compete ogoinst eoch
gome. It
is true to soy though thot soccer still hos the other bui ot the some time they hove gteal ?especl
power to moke people hoppy ond proud of their team's for their fellow othletes qnd many of them form strong
ochievements and this con bring people together in o posi- bonds of friendship even when their politicol leoders
tive woy. moy be oltocking each other in some woy.
To conclude, I would soy thot there is still greot value in On lhe whole, sport is o greot resource in the struggle
the gome and it still hos o lot to offer society os o whole. for internotionsl understonding snd T feel its benefits
Yours foilhfully, to the world for outweigh its negotive osPects.

E
 peaking l'!.

CHOOSING THE BEST JOB

Stase I
.W[at would you like to study when you leave school?
o What are your ambitions?
o What do your parents do for a living?
o Do they enjoy their jobs?
o Do you think working shifts is very tiring? Why?
o Which jobs/professions do you think are dangerous?

Stage 2
Situation: Your frlend Jane is trying to decide what job to take ior the
summer and wants your helpl

First: You should look at the oictures below and ask:

o Which job would be the most exciting and fun?
o Which job would pay the best?
o How would you get to each job?
o Whlch job would be the best in the long run?

Stage 3
Then: When you have all the information you need, explain what you've
decided. Be ready to give reasons for your choice. Remember to use
iniormation you learned from asking questions to explain your final choice

Stage 4
Finally, after you have shared your decision, you wlll be asked more
questions about the topic.

Useful Expressions
Making a choice
. 'm not keen on ...... so thin[ that . Generally speaking, the advantages of
........w0u1dnot be a good idea. ........... outweigh its disadvantages so l'd
. th nk, would prefer..... to ...... definitely ch00se ..........

beca!se it seems that ......

. Another reason why I wouldn't choose Ma king suggestions
.... is........ a You ought tolshould be m0re.......
. I thlnk l'd prefer to spend my day ...... a Why don't y0u ..........................?
rather than go to ....... because ............ a How about giving .................?
. i wou d rather choose ... than ....

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ln this port of the test, you will heor four shorl tolks. After eoch tolk, you will heor some questions obout it.
Before eoch tolk begins. you will hove time to preview the questions thot ore prinled in the test booklet.

. Reod the questions silently.

. Then listen to the tolk. You con toke notes in the booklet.
. Then listen to eoch question ond choose lhe besl onswer trom the onswer choices.
. , ork your onswers on the seporote onswer sheet. You should mork A, B, c, or D.
There ore o totol of 20 questions oboul the four short tolks.

Questions 3I -35
Look ot the questions. Then listen to o skydiving instructor tolking NOTES
lo prospective skydivers.

31. What does the skydiving instructor say to students about their jumpsuits?
a. be careful not to allow the air 10 tear them mid-dive
b. make sure no air can penetrate them
c. get a replacement suit before each new dive
d. sew up any holes you spol

32. What does the instructor say about finding a suitable helmet?
a. The right helmet should Ii1 well and not feel heavy.
b. The righl helmet should be large and fit well.
c. The right helmet should be small and tight.
d. The right helmet should Ieel large and heavy.

33. How should the harness be?

a. lt should fit your head comfortably.
b. lt should be tough and sturdy.
c. lt should be tough at the edges of the tears
d. lt should be difficult to tear.

34. Why is the instructor talking to prospective skydivers?

a. to invite them t0 a skydiving evenl
b. to explain the procedure of skydiving
c. to describe the spoft of skydiving
d. to provide some useful safely tips and guidelines
EXAM TIPS & STRATEGIES
The,rresri.^s on Part two th" Ii.+"^i"g
35. Whal does the instructor mean when he says : to concent.o+e
"f
-dlhly oh the oisr of the "e9
a. Goggles used lor skydiving are extra safe and tough. heht, thdt is the general "rea"ingr as rvell
b. Goggles worn should be of lairly good quality for extra safety. as ies+ihg .p""ifi" i"f."^.ri.",
"" t. +he g.es+lons you sh.uld
While lisleni,rg,
c. Goggles prorect the eyes while diving.
ll.r." f." +he key k""p th.
d. Goggles protect the eyes during daylight, '"""d'."d
""i worLJs' ln yorr ,.in.l -
'qrestlon '!h., wh.r,
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'.,hy, L,e.s y." ar. llstening
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ro fhe segmenr a"d r.k. any approptia+e

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 test 3
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Questions 36-40 Questions 4l-45
Look ot the quesfions. Then listen lo o web desiEner Look ot the questlons. Then listen to o lecturer
tolking to o client obout the compony's domoin nome. tolkinE to his students.

36. What fact should owners of domain names be mindful of? 41. For what kinds of diseases does the contemporary medical
a. the date of the domain-name renewal science N0T'work miracles'?
b. that domain-name ownership is permanenl a. cancer and AIDS
c. that registsring domain names for short periods is no longer allowed b. AIDS
d. that il is compulsory to renew your domain name c. many types ol cancers
d. the common cold
37. Why is it advisable to register your domain name for the
maximum time allowed? 42. What is one of the problems associated with the
a. Your company will be regarded as more reliable by customers common cold?
b. lt saves you the hassle o'f having to renew frequently. a. the symptoms are untreatable
c. You will be less prone to attack by hackers. b. there are no medicines to help during the healing process
d. lt guarantees you control 0f your company and its website. c. we just can't discover and cure what is causing it
d. it is a dangerous tropical ailment
38. Why should your domain be kept updated?
a. it js a requirement o,f registry 43. How many times do children typically get the
b. 10 prevent misuse by fraudsters common cold annually?
c. for security reasons a. once or twice
d. outdated information gives a bad impression b. Iive times
c. two to four times
39. What is the main purpose of this talk? d. two or three times
a. to provide advice on how to set up a website or domain
b. to explain how to make a website secure for online business 44. What is NoT true about the common cold?
G. 10 provide advice on how to set up and secure an online business a. Having a cold doesn't greatly affect how you feel
d. to highlight some things it's important t0 know about domains or your energy levels.
and domain names b. Workplace productivity often suffers,
c. You might gel an ear inleclion if you have it.
40. What does the web designer mean when she says: () d. You might get a throat infection if you have it.
a. You must pay close attention to how your information
is used online. 45. What does the speaker mean when he says:
.o
b. A lot 0f internet content is too extreme to watch. a. The subiect of medicine is a very odd one
c. You should look at your website as often as possible. b. l\/lodern medicine is not very advanced since il can't cure
d. A lot of people will be looking at your domain. the common cold.
c. lt's strange thateven though medical science has come
a long way we can't cure the cold.
d. The cold is the only common disease that we haven't
been able to cure.

NOTES NOTES

E
li:;ten in
ist enin
Dort 2 f
a

Queslions 46-5O
Look ot the questions. Then lislen to o universlty professor tolking to her NOTES
economics sludents,

46. What can happen in an economy with high inllalion?

a. incomes grow
b. people save more
c. employers find it hard to pay staff
d. prices go down

47. What was one of the major causes ol unemployment in the U.S in 2007 ?
a. a global crisis of workplace values
b. the very poor performance of the economy
c. problems which started abroad
d. a lack of new companies

48. Why do some people think welfare payments create unemployment?

a. They decrease people's willingness t0 w0rk.
b. Employees are paid not to work.
c. Job seekers are rewarded Ior finding work.
d. Welfare payments are more lhan the pay in some jobs.

49. Why do technological advances produce unemploymenl?

a. Companies get rid of existing stalffor better skilled ones.
b" Technological machinery takes the iobs of humans.
c. Old employees don't want to lrain to use new lechnologies,
d. People dismissed from work want to stay on employment benefits forever

50. What is the purpose of this talk?

a. to examine the causes of unemployment
b. to describe the 2007 U.S. recession
c. to argue that technological advancement is not a good thing
d. to raise awareness about welfare benefits available to the unemployed

r
 *--ft*----i:r

G rammar
51. I really wish George would stop 58. tf I hadn't spent aLll my money on 65. Jim and Sue ..... each other at
........ his knucldes because it is clothes. I ...... those theater tickets. the supermarket yesterday and
really annofng and it bothers me. a. was able to afford they were really surprised to see
a. to crack b. shall be able to affordirg each other after so manl 5ears.
b. crack c. might have been able to atlord a, came into
c, cracking d. will be affording h- looked into
d. for cracking c. bumped into
59, We waited for the bus for more d. got away with
52. "Where did you leam to paint than 40 minutes but when it .... came
so .......? You should consider lhere were only lwo empl) .erl\. 66. If you need anyone to help, just
becoming a professional artist." a. after call because I really don't mind
a. beautiful b. finally ........ a hand to a friend in need
b. beautifully c. however a. give
c. most beautifully d. at the end b. giving
d. that beautifully c. for giving
60. The Melsas have a summer house
d. to have giving
53. Mr. Lannen is ajewel specialist
and a sailboat. The .............. of
so why don't you have him 67. The best pie I have ever eaten is
appraise .......... ngs instead the two has enabled them to visit
many islands and beaches. the one ...... you made last right.
ol guessing what they are worth? a. which was
a, these a. boat
b. latter b. that
b. them c. by which
c. his c- lormer
d. both d. what
d. that
54. A new camping club has just 61. If you really want to lose weight, 68. I asked her quietly if she cared to
join us. She told me she ..... plans.
opened here but it needs at least the dielician says you..................
50 ............. to sign up or it will decrease your fat intake.
a. will be having
have to go elsewhere. a. must b. makes still
a. childs b. might to c. knows yet
b. children's c, may have d. had already made
c. childrens d. will to
d. children 69. Why didn't Marla tell me she .... to
62. Oh Joyce, you ..... a cake because
come with us tomorrow? I always
55. "Why do you look so arful Ben ?" hear her wishes from someone else.
everyone else did and we have
"Well, I didn't get enough sleep and enough to fatten up an army. a. will be wanting
I still have ..... a lot ofwork to do." a. better not brought b. will have been wanting
a. some b. shouldn't to bring c, wanted
b. more c. don't bdng d. is wanting
c. quite d. needn't have brought
d. very 70. In order to ...... from the fteezing
cold weather, I built an igloo.
63. ''Who is,Your brother in that
56. Don't be so hard on yourself, a. protect mY
family portrait'1"
the company wouldn't have b. protect mine
hired you if you weren't ........ "He is the one sitting........... the
top right hand corner." c. protect myself
than the other applicants. d. protecting me
a, more qualified a. by
b. thlst qualified b. for
71- "Has Ted ever heen to Africa?"
c, qua d c. to
d. in "No, he hasn't, but he went to
d. very qLralified
South America .......... on a
64. Believe it or not, Jennifer only business trip."
57. "What will you buy with your
lottery p ze?" likes....... the food she cooks a. two yean ago
"My first purchase will be a .... when she is working in the kitchen. b. before two years
a. sports, red, convertible car a. to taste c. two yeals betbre
b. red, convertible, sports car b. taste d. since two vears
c. convertible, sports, red car c. for taste
d. red, car, convertible, sports d. the taste

56
 L,*_

72. Excuse me sir, can you please 79. Jack describcd thc pain he had
tell me ...... to the airyort? experiencecl and the doctor
a. where is advi{erl him .... lnd uait 1uo davs
b. to get belore laking ln1 pain relievers.
c. where to get 4. resting
d, how to get ir. should rest
r. will rcst
73. "What's the plan? Where is d. to rest
everyone going?"
"Half of the class is going ...... 80. Are you sure everyone .............
and the other half doesn't want taken care of?
to go anrrhere." a. has been
a. to skiing b. have been
b. for skiing c. being
c. skiing d. will have
tl. go skiing
81. Pam cannot sleep at night because
74. "Would you like a glass ofwater?' her roommate ............ .
"Yes, please. After........ all the a. snoring
groceries upstairs I really b. is always snoring
need some." c, always snoring
a. carried d. is to slloring always
b. carrying
c. have carried 82. We left home an hour earlier
d. I carrying than we needed to
our fear of finding traffic.
75. "Do you live in this city?" a. because
"Yes, I am temporarily.... here." b. due for
a. live c. because for
h. to live d. due to
c. living
d. to live 83. When Mike s school callcd home
to inform his parents of his
76. "Why don't you give Jack misbehavior, they were very E;ILAI\4 TIPS& STRATEGIES
some marital advice?" disappointed ....... him. Otdet of Adjeclive.s
"Oh no. that is a situation a. at lor r.,ill soraer ime
I definitely wart to b, on '..d.r .f .dj.cti".s'quesri.n ln +he
a. stay out ol c. in €CC€.I\e,e are se+ ,'!iles +o
b. brought up in d. bv lea^,. a".i f.ll.w for adiec+ive o,.der
'n a schrPa.P. The o, de. i-
c. look up to ^s fol.
d. break down 84. All day long we trained for the
triathlon and ........ the hard work opihloh - sze -
^q. -.h.,p. -."1o"
and training was worthwhile. - L1a+io,ulily - "rarerlal p,,rp.ose
77. "Are you coming out with us She a {,eautifulblL,e silk
tonight?" a. ir the end ",,.."
"I will if L............... all my b. whatsoever tieruan
He d,".ve a fast rcd spor+s
homework for tomorrow." c. although
a. will finish d. the final
b. will be finishing J" q.".nol, y",, sh""ld "s" rh"
c. finishing 85. "Which of the tlvo vacation .Jie. +i\." .\c,e.,.i,r9 rlrc , r.-, -. ,

spots did you finally choose?" nlanent or .L,i<.ctik q..rli+y cl.ses+

d. finish "We11. I think Australia is ......... io iha norrr, allho"qh i+ ls no+
than India for taking photos of .o.y to .:le.ide r.,hich is r he
78. "Should I put your name on ^l',.y=
Koala bears." , os+ perh1d'1e,11 q',ality,
the guest list, Rob?" a. nice
"Yes, and my sister..............
wifh me as well-"
b. good
c. as nice
a. to come d. better'
h. is coming
c. for coming
d. come

gt
 ocabulary
86. Our travel agency is open on 94, Why don't you .... the phone and 101. This car is very cheap; it's a
a ....... basis lrom 9 in the call her? She really needs you. real ...,.....
morning till 9 in the evening. a. hang up a. luck
a. temporary b. take up b. fortune
b. daily c. pick up c. bargain
c. steady d. pull up d. sale
d. customary
95. It was their first time in London 102. They couldn't have a child of
87. The police officer gave a and they wanted to visit all the their own, so they decided to
different ....... of what had ........, although they didn't have ........ one.
happened during the dots
a. composition a lot of free time. a. grow
b, version a. locations b. adopt
c. adaption b. scenes c. raise
d. production c. roads d. adapt
d. sights
EE. I can't have a minute on my own 103. I have ........ feelings about my
as you always ... my privary. 96. Parts of Ethiopia have often wife's decision to quit her job.
a. break suffered from .-....-. . a. assorted
b. intrude a. climate b. mired
c. invade b. famine c. risky
d. spoil c. draft d. anonymous
d. stagnation
89. The price of petrol has been 104. I have to ......... that you did a
........ considerably. great job, although I had my
97. My sister will ........ you to the
a. lifted prom tonight.
doubts about you at filst.
b, risen a. indicate
c. raised a. introduce b. adjust
d. added b. show c. admit
c, carry d. acquire
90. He ....... his teacher's permission d. accompany
to go to the library. 105. I think she is very insecure;
a. demanded 98. In some countries, .......... service is that's why she likes to ........
b. suggested compulsory; all men have to serye attention.
c. recommended in the armed forces for trvo 1ears. a. distract
d. requested a. civil b. request
b. military c. attract
91. All reachers can have a free ...... c. fight d. challenge
of our books to see if they are d. war
good enough to be used in class 106. The lesson had........ finished
a. gift 99. The doctor kept my mother when we heard the fire alarm
b, issue and everybody started running
c. sample under ........ in hospital.
to get out of the building.
d. line a. surveillance a. hardly
b. study b, previously
92. All the flighls to London r.r ere .... c. discussion c. nearby
due to bad weather conditions. d. observation d. shortly
a. cancelled
b. rejected 100. I-ast night we went to the cinema
c. dropped and it was so crowded that we
d. dismissed only managed to find some
seats in the front.,...... .
93. I know that I can ........ on her in a. row
times of trouble. b. place
a. rely c. corridor
b. base d. line
c. support
d. believe

58
 +{
r/L]i:,lhtllar\I M
I a

107. I think we should take ........ of 114. He decided to buy a really

these holiday packages and expensive painting by a famous
travel abroad. Renaissance painter and not
a. risk a(n) ....... .

b. advantage a, imitation
c. consideration b. adaption
d. time c. production
d, composition
108. Smoking is........ on all flights
115. You have to think of the ........
a. denied risks before you start your own
b. stopped business.
c. banned a. potential
d. refused b. cufient
c. physicat
109. Somebody....... my house but he d. optional
couldn't find anything to steal;
he lound only my wallet which 116. My students listened to what I
didn't have any money in it. said but I am not sure how
a. broke down much they ........ . E'ItrM TIPS & STRATEGIES
b. knocked down a. took in
c. broke up b. took off Phrqsql v.rt's with "stand"
d. broke into c, took on Ph"..^r "..6s ^." . ,"e"ra" f".-
d. took up +ure of rhe eCCe ex.'.,. O". .^"
a/1osr q-a/a,\'Pe-h.' 'h"1 L"
110. She works as a ........ for a law
117. My brother can't ........ on his r.. PJ ih o.,e ,vay o" o"otlrer"rll^ ,lre
firm and she spends all day in
reading because the neighbo$
front of a computer screen.
are having a party and they are
a. juror making too much noise.
b. typewriter Use the couect fom of the phlasal
devote
c. typist vebs below to complete the sentences,
d. designer
revise s+and around s+and6y stand for
pay attention sta^d ih for sral1d our srahd up ro
concentrate
111. Due to the serious financial
problems of our companyi many
1. 'Wh.+ d. +h. l.+t..s ;\ATO,
118. The President was given a very
of our employees may be made ... warm ........ by the people who
a. rearranged were waiting for him to ardve at tf"",1,"*f^ *.*f
"*
)c iurea+y
b. hopeless the airport. Organiza+ion'.
c. redundant a. invitation
d. reformed b. reception 2. John is s. rall .^d e..d-|..k,"e
c. recognition +ha+ he ah.,ays
I12. Don't worry, I am your d. admission
friend, I'll ........ you.
a. stand on 119. Sheila is very ........; I am sure
3. J',ll
b. stand off she will never let you down. ^|,.,.ys
r."han y"" heed a f.iend,
c. stand by a. reliable
d. stand with b. fair
c. original a. Why don't yoa
d. reactive hi"" whe^ he l,,.llie' y"u?
113. He had a ........ recovery from
his illness; he is back on his feet
120. He is ........ the best player on 5. I ho-P (,oy5 look s"sP,-,oqs
again!
a. sharp our team. oulside +he shop,
b. remarkable a. completely
c. short b. universally 6. M. C^.."" *i'
d. huge c. undoubtedly M" B""df ."d r"hire he i. i11,

d. eventually

fe-
 This passage is about the African-American poet Gwendolyn Brooks,

121. Gwendolyl Brooks' career

The career of Gwendolyn
a. joined two different generations of poets
Brooks links two very dif-
b. highlighted the differences between the
ferent generations of
generations.
African-American poets.
c, drew only on tbrmal English poetry.
For the greater part of
d. lailed to produce rn1 books.
her career, she followed
the example of the older
122. What did Langston Hughes and Countee Cullen
writers of the "Harlem believe in?
Renaissance," Langston
a. listening to good jazz
Hughes and Countee
b. a mixed society
Cullen among them, who honored the ideal of an inte-
c. only rvriting rhyming poetry
grated society. However much her poetry drew on the
d. using street language
street language of blacks and on the rhythms of iazz
and the blues, Brooks had strong links as well to the
123. Before 1967 Brooks was popular with
more formal diction of English poetry Before 1967,
a, white readers.
most of the support for her poetry and readings came
b. her family and friends, only.
from white audiences. After 1967, Brooks worked
c. Afro-American audiences.
with and supported militant black writers who intend
d. militant black writers.
their work for a primarily African-Amerjcan audience.
124. Why is Brooks identified with the problems of
Brooks was born in Topeka, Kansas; she grew up in
Chicago's black community?
Chicago and is closely identified with the energies and
a. She was born in Kansas.
problems of its black community. She went to
b. She taught poetry in Chicago.
Chicago's Englewood High School and graduated from
c. She grew up in Chicago.
Wilson Junior College. Brooks remembers writing
d. She was a community workel in Chicago.
poetry from the time she was seven and keeping
poetry notebooks from the time she was eleven. She
125. Which of the lbllowing statements is NOT true?
got her education in the "modernists" - Pound and
a. Brooks remembers writing poetry from the age of 7.
Eliot - under the guidance of a rich Chicago socialite,
b. Brooks studied modern poets such as Eliot.
lnez Cunningham Stark, who was a reader lor Poetry
c. Brooks kept poetry notebooks until she was 11.
magazine and taught a poetry class at the Southside
d. Brooks was helped in her studies by Inez
Community Art Center. Her first book, A Street in
Cunningham Stark.
Bronzeville ( 1945), took its title from the name
iournalists gave to the Chicago Negro ghetto.

E
 *
*
rE,ldin Witart
This passage is about ways to i digestibility.
R eadin a

It is crucial for the body to receive

adequate amounts of protein in
126. What does the wdter recommend as a way to improve
dietary intake as our bodies neither
store nor manufacture it. And. of protein digestibility?
course, were our dietary intake a. eating three heav-v meals a day
to be inadequate, serious health b. eating small food portions at regular inter",/als
consequences would follow. But
c. eating meat 3 times a day
proteins are hard to digest, so what are the best etary habits
to follow in order to aid their digestion? d. eating vegetables every three hours

One of the most-highly-recommended methods to improve 127. How does frequent eating help digestion?
protein digestibility is to eat small, frequent meals. This runs
a. It gives the body a regular supply of much-needed
contrary to the three-meal-a-day routine most of us follow.
But, bearing in mind that it can take up to three hours to carbs.
properly digest proteins, research has shown that eating fre- b. It prevents the build-up of gastdc acids sometimes
quently creates a suitable environment for protein absorption. caused by eating meat.
The protein-heavy meal should come first - perhaps one con-
c. Our body needs only two to three minutes to absorb
sisting of meat and vegetables - and later, a meal consisting
mainly of carbs could follow. Frequent eating in this manner protein.
gives enough time for the gastric acids to digest a good portion d. It enables the body to fully digest protein-rich foods
of the meat, and allows the pancreas and saliva time to secrete
the enzymes needed to complete the digestion process.
128, When is whey-proteirl consumption recommended?

Another sound piece of advice is to go for the most digestible a. during intense workouts
forms of protein; those which have already been broken into b, at J0-minute intervals. during crerci.c
their basic form. One of the best examples is whey protein. c. after intense exercise
Whey protein is a mixture of globular proteins isolated from
d. 30 minutes before a workout
whey, the liquid material created as a by-product of cheese
production. lf you frequently have intense workouts, then it is
strongly recommended that you have this product after com- 129. What food is thought to contain proteins that most people
pleting your exercise routine, around thirty minutes later. find easy to digest?
Whey protein works best after the body has undergone
a. red meat
intense physical activity as that is the time when the body can
absorb greater amounts of protein. b. yellow cheese
c. yoguft
Finally, remember that the way we metabolize different t/pes d. white meat
of proteins varies by individual, so you have to try to discover
the types of proteins which your digestive system seems to
cope best with. This is a process of trial and error; that is, 130. What is said in the last paragraph?
simply test out as many different rypes of protein-rich food- a. Protein is just one of many ingredients necessary
stuffs as possible until you find the ones which agree with you for a balanced diet.
the most. For example, some people may find it easy to digest
b. Protein is key to a balanced diet.
red meats, while, for others, egg whites and skinless poultry
provide better digestibility. ln general, people seem to find c. Eating protein is not goi11g to affect your general
protein-rich foods such as egg whites, cottage cheese, plain health.
yogurt and soybeans easier to digest. d. Heal(hy li\ing is as important as maintaining
a balanced diet.
Needless to say, protein alone is not sufficient to sustain Sood
health, and it has to be included in the diet in coniunction with
other nutrients. ln other words, a balanced diet is the key to
healthy living.

il
 -:ir&-
L---

test 3 art 3
ading 3
l farthquake and Tsunami Devastate fapan
Reports coming from the Japanese media suggest that a ship carrying a hundred peopie and a train with an unknown
number of passengers have been lost. The tidal waYes that caused this destruction resulted from the earlier earthquake
and were estimated to have measured as high as 35 feet when they made landfall.

"The earthquake has brought about major destruction in broad areas of northem Japan," the Japanese Pdme Minister was
quoted as saying in a news conference. Thousands of people were evacuated from regions around several nuclear power
plants that were dealing with complications caused by the impact of the tsunamis. According to the Prime Minister, however,
all nuclear plants were shut down safely and no radiation leak has yet occurred in zones struck by the lethal earthquake.

The disaster caused power outages across most of Tol'Jo. leaving many parts ol the capital in darkness. In sections of
Kesennuma, Miyagi, a towr populated by nearly 70,000 people, the situation deteriorated last night due to a fire ignited
by oil and gas escaping from tankers that had been impacted by the huge waves.

tr The testimony of fenna Bones

an incredible occount from loPon
E Earthquake Safety Procedures:
Home or office
. Ifyou are inside your home or office when an
"I was washed away earthquake strikes, do not try to escape from the
while I was still in my building using the stairs or lift.
car when the Tsunami
hit after the great o When you start expedencing tremors, the first
earthquake. The water thing you should do is get under a sturdy bed or
was about 10 feet deep table. Then cover your head and face with a pillow,
-1 if available, or blankets, lewspapers, or even just
at the time. I was
finally able to cscape your hands and arms if necessary.
through the ftont window when my car came to a stop . Another thing that ),ou have to remember is that
next to a dry wall I could crawl out onto. With the you ought to stay away from china cabinets, tall
help of firefighters, I was rescued and a stranger shelves, mirrors, huge furniture, glass windows,
offered me a roof over my head for the night. It took sliding doors, etc., during an earthquake.
a week for the water to recede. Then, I retumed to
the site of my house to pick up the pieces of my life.
Although there was debris everywhere and my
belongings were destroyed by damp and wet, the Plate Tectonic Theory
structure of the building was still sound - I still had a
home. Much of the surrounding area was still under The extemal layer of the earth is divided into many
water, so I used the railway tracks to get around in sections klown as plates, which are constantly floating
those first few weeks. I was reminded of the stodes of on the molten magma below the earth's crust. The
the famous pioneers of old, like that of Mary Fielding plales are always on the move. Where two opposing
Smith on her way to Utah. I knew of her faith and plates are moving away from one another, magma
strength. Her story encouraged me while I was escapes to the suface to form new crust. Where they
rebuilding my life ard gave me the strength to perse- are pushing towards one another, great forces exert
vere. Although times are different now than when she themselves until the weaker plate buckles and the
was alive, Mary's courage and faith somehow inspired stronger plate starts to push its way over it. At times,
me; I knew I would rise again." this meeting of plates forms new geographic features
such as mountains and hills.
These plates are the bases on which the continents
rest, so when they move, so do the continents.
Most earthquakes occur near the boundaries of
opposing plates. When a plate suddenly shifts up or
down, this leads to tremors - powerful vibrations within
the crust - which is what earthquakes are.

G
 rj.

-- - J:-
IJdU II I
R eadin a

Questions 131-133 refer to section A. Questions 137 and 138 refer to section D.
131. What did the Japanese media reports mention? 137. What does the te^t say about mountains and hills?
a. That a ship with 300 passengers had been lost. a. Mountains and hills are only ever formed when
b. That a train carrying a hundred people has been lost plates collide.
because of a big earthquake, b, The movement of opposing plates - together or apart -
c. That an earthquake destroyed a bus and a train. can create new mountains and hills.
d. That a series of huge waves were caused by a big tremor. c, Magma which escapes to the surface forms new
mountains and hills.
132. What is true according to the Prime Minister? d. Plates which collide may form such geographic
a. The earthquake caused mass destruction, widespread features.
throughout Japan.
b. There is no threat of radioactive leaks occurring. 138. What is the main purpose of this text?
c. All nuclear power plants remain operational. a. to descdbe the process of mountain and hill formation
d The nuclear power plants were shut down without b. to explain the directions in which the diflerent
major incident. continents move
c. to explain the link between tremors and plate
133. What is the main purpose of section A? movements
a. to report a train accident caused by the earthquake d. to show how earthquakes affect the positions of the
in Japan? continents
b. to report on the consequences of the natural disaster
c. to explain the Prime Minister's position Questions 139-140 refer to two or more sections.
d. to confirm the death toll of the disaster 139. Which sections include information about the destruction
caused by the Japanese eadhquake?
Questions 134-135 refer to section B. a.AandB
134. How was Jenna Bones rescued? b.BandC
a. She waited on a safe, dry surface for help to come. c.AandC
b. She was helped out of the car window by firefighters. d.CandD
c. She was rescued from the car by firefighters and a stranger
d. She parked her car next to a large, dry rock. 140. What should Jenna Bones NOT worry about having to
avoid in the home during an earthquake?
135. Why is Mary Fielding Smith mentioned? a. china cabinets
a. She suffered in the same disaster as Jenna. b. mirrors
b. She was also from Utah. c. sturdy sleeping units
c. She was a source of inspiration to a desperate Jenna d. very hea\T tables
d. Mary helped Jenna to rebuild her life and home.

Question 136 refers to section C.

136. What is the first thing you should do in case of an
earthquake?
a. Cover your bed or table with a pillow and hide under it.
b. Seek cover under a strong piece of fumiture.
c. Hide under a crockery cabinet, tall shell table or similar.
d. Use the stairs or lift to escape to safety.

E3
test 3 Part 4
t
eading An Announcement to
Managers of ALCO company3
From: Manager George White Alleviating recession fatigue
To: Chairperson Mike Malfoy . Acknowledge it. This involves
Re: Survival guide for a double-dip recession talking to the employecs about
lntroduction wlrat t11e present situation is like
A double-dip recession is said to occur when the country goes and telling them not to be
through another period of recession before the end of the pre- anxious, reassuring them d
ceding one. Negative growth in the Gross Domestic Product of that things will get better soon.
the country is the main cause of such a scenario. So, with the U S
facing negative growth this year, ALCO company would be well- . Bring confidence into the office. A Ieader should be
advised to take measures to prepare for the Possibility of a dou- optimistic himself/herself. It's only a good leader that
ble-dip recession. willsucceed in actually keeping the employees
Controlling expenses motivated.
Cutting out excessive and non-essential expenses, like the provi-
sign of luxur/ accommodation on business-triP stopovers and . Bury the past. It is important for those who have gone
buying new hardware when existing equiPment is quite adequate through the recession cl isis to move on. Creating a
for the company's needs, can save a lot of money. sense that you are starting all over again will help
Staff retention plevent staff from teeling tired ancl depressed. The
ln order to reduce costs, it may be necessary to lay off certain feelilg must be that this is a tiesh start ancl that there
staff members, but try to retain those staff whose productivity or is new hope - hope lor success, promotions and
contribution makes them essential components of the workforce
other rewards. tlom the penpective of staff.
Consider ioint ventures
Partnerships work well durinB recession as the Pooling of
resources enables firms teaming up to do more with their collec-
tive finances and resources, while reducing the Potential risk of
investment by half,
Conclusion
How to Make Money During a Recession
Following these tips will help ALCO company stay afloat during
the predicted double-dip recession and seize the moment when Helc at ALCO nr oller srts-
the opportunity for growth re- resents itself gestions on how to make
noney during a recession -
in fact, we arc cxperts in the
ITI How 1o keep employees art of making money during
H motivaled during a recession tough times and have alrcad)'
Dear Managers of ALCO company. helped thousands of people across the country to see
chailcnges as opportunities. And now wc wal1t to help
Motivating employees during a period of recession can prove
vou! Come to ALCO tbr the best advice.
to be a really hard task. I am writing to offer you some advice
on how to motivate your employees, as one of your employees, . Beauty, repair and consultancy ser.lices are some of
so I think I can offer a unique penpective.
the sa[er businesses lo slarl up during a recc:.ion.
Fi$t of all, understand your personnel. What is it that motivates These services do not require huge assets and always
employees? It is not just about salary, let me assure you. Job have a readymade market and, therefore, guaranteed
security, feeling like a valued member of the workforce and
demand.
stability are just as, if not more, important. Therefore, reassure
your employees that stories ofjob losses and market slumps are . Your crcative skills - like photography and painting -
not true and that they have a future with the company.
can be turned to pl ofit to b ng in additional
Secondly, consider forms of reward other than financial. What revenue during the recession. If you are genuinely
about a monthly 'Employee Appreciation' award, to be given good at something, you will find people willing to pay
to a staff member that has made an outstanding contribution? you a small fee for your services. And if you build up
a good reputation, you could start to command much
Finally, organize workshops. skill-enhancement activities or larger fees and earn a Iot of money.
training. If employees feel like you are prepared to invest in
their future, they will give you their loyalty and genuine effort . Persons fiom a financial background can easily s(]t up
ln retur[. a small office to advise customers on tbeir finances,
Have faith in us and we will reward you with our commitment. or tax laws and tax rcturns. lt is simply a mattef of
having a desk, a computer, a calculator and tax-return
Yours faithfutly,
software. The same is true of manl, small enterprises.
John Higgins

64
rE,Sdin il
R eadin a

Questions 141-143 refer to section A. Question 146 refer to section C.

141. What is the main purpose of section A? 146. What should be done to alleviate recession fatigue?
a. to assess measures taken to cope with a double-dip a. Communicate the seriousness of the preselt
recession situation to employees.
b. to recommend ways to deal with a double-dip recession b. Ask staff to be more optimistic.
c. to outline the causes of a double-dip recession c. Reassure staff that there is not a problem.
d. to predict the likelihood of a double-dip recession d, Promote the idea of a new beginning.

142. What is NOT suggested by manager White as a way to Questions 147-148 refer to s€ction D.
cope with a double-dip recession? 147. What is the main purpose of section D?
a. Stop spending on expenses that are not necessary. a. to help ALCO staff to raise money during the
h. Focus on keeping your key employees. recession
(. Collaborale with other companies. b. to promote the beauty, repair and consultancy
d. Avoid going on business trips. sewices the company offers
c. to encourage staff to pursue activities outside of work
1,13. On line 2 of th e Consider joint ventules section, what does to earn ertra income
'their' refer to? d. to promote the advisory sewices of ALCO
a. joint ventures
b. employees 148. Based on what ALCO says, which ol the following
c. firms activities would be a good extra income-earner?
d. partnerships a. a language school
b. a personal make-up service for people getting maried
Questions 144-145 refer to section B. c. a photography and camera store
144. Which of these factors is said to motivate employees? d. a professional law practice
a. the threat ofjob losses
b. feeling like a member of the workforce Questions 149-150 refer to two or more sections.
c. feeling protected in the physical workplace 149. Which sections stress the importance of motivating
d. job security employees in times of recession?
a.AandC
145. What does the writer imply in the final two paragraphs? b.BandC
a. Companies should invest in training future staff rather c.BandD
than use lots of resourcas trying to motivate present d. only B
ones.
b. Companies which invest in planning for the future are L50. Which article would be of most use to someone who had
more likely to have loyal staff. just lost their job?
c. Most staff are in need of some training and a.A
guidance to help them perform better. b.B
d, A company which spends money on its staff in areas c.C
such as training can expect a better level of loyalty d.D
and commitment.

r
 riting
Paragraph Bu il d I n 6o

TASK A Pre-Writing Activity TASK B Pre-Writing Activity

ls lmagine that you are going to write a letter A The following sentences describe a person.
to a pen friend from another country. Put them in the correct order, starting with
a good toplc sentence. Use all the sentences
1. How would you describe yoursell?
2. How would you describe the area where you live?
ls After you have put these sentences in the
correct order, read the complete paragraph.
3. What would you tell him/her about your country? Find the words and phrases that describe
4. Which places in your country would you tell him/her John F, Kennedy.
to visit? Why?

That is, it is he who stands out as much for Many people would agree that the greatest
4E
fl
his personal appeal, achievements, and role in
many key events of the decades following
World War IL
4 American President of the last century was
lohn F. Kennedy.

However, he was not a man of confrontation

Z
Additionally, and just as importantly, his
commitment to the people of divided Berlin
showed leadership and a lirm belief in
5 by nature, and his cool handling of the Cuban
missile crisis in 1961 was vital in avoiding
a nuclear Third World War.
democracy at the height of the Cold War.
Amongst these was his determined declaration

3
After doing all this and more, his assassination
in 1963 leaves historians wondering just how
great he could have been.
6 that a man would be sent to the moon and
return alive by the end of the decade, marking
a dedication to space exploration that resulted
in Neil Armstrong walking on the moon.

66
t/,r'l'it inn
WE frl a

The usual oldel of adverbs in a sentenceis: nannel -

place tine: -
She is waiting for you patiently (monner) outside (ploce) now (time).

But with the verbs of movement (go, come, walk) the order is: place - manner - time
Come here (p/oce) quickly (monner) now (time).

Some present and past padiciples are used as adjeclives.

-ing pa iciples describe qualities people or things ma1, have: an interesting book (o book thot interests people)
-ed pafiiciples describe feelings or reactions: a worried mother (o mother who is worried about something).

TASK C Writing Practice Writing Tips

A Now think of a famous person from your own
country and write a paragraph that will be part 6 Think carefully about the main points ofyour essay.
of a letter to your pen friend. Make suIe that they are responding to the infomation,
and write them in a logical order. This will show the
examiner that you have planned your letter/essay.
Moke sure you write:
O the full nome of your chosen person E Here are some more connecling w01ds that can be
used in a paragraph:
O whot their job/role wosi is
O whot they were/ore like {odiectives, verbs ond Thot is However For exompl€
descriptive phroses). ln oddltlon Moroover consequently
O somelhing lhey did ond why it wos import0nt Next Finolly Anolher reoson

The GERUND is a noun which comes lrom a verb. lt always ends in'ing. A gerund can he used:

i as a subject: Jogging is good for your health.

ii as an object: He likes jogging.
iii as a complemenl: His favorite kind of exercise is jogging.
iv aller prepositions: What's your opinion about iogging?
v atlel certain verbs such as admit, avoid, be used to, conless, deny, linish, imagine, keep, mind, prevent:
He's used to iogging every day.
vi alter lhe velb go to ]eler t0 sporls 01 aclivities: Do you ever go iogging?

il
 test 3
roritin g
Read the following news item from a local newspaper following newspaper clipping about a universal language.
Then, do either task A or task B. For task A you will write a letter. For task B you will write an essay. Do only ONE
o, these tasks. Your writing will be graded on how fluently and clearly you can express your ideas in English.

q You wlll have 30 minutes to

\
write your letter or essay.
q You may make an outline or
A universal language
notes in your test booklet lf you There are sore .-3.0(10 dillcrcrt iangLrrgcs aird tioD is the irventior of a synlhetic language
wish, but your outline will not diaiects spokcn arouncl thc tlorld. lhe mass basetl on naturai ianguages. such as Esperanto.
count toward your score. media havc made it prissible 1o talk betqeen con' ADother solutioo is to adopt son're existing lan-
q You will not be graded on the tincnts, hut our inabilil)- to conrmunjcate Nith guage in which the vocabulary and grammatical
appearance of your paper, but
people ol dillerent nulionalities causcs niisrLniler- rrfl ' $ ill ire t'eduie,,l l(' r rnittjtnutn. lt j' m,':l
your handwriting must be readable.
starlditlgs xnd n1akes reirl cor)llcl diliicLLlt. Pcrrplc unlikely that the governments of the rvorld will
You may change or correct your
writing, but you should not recopy
the whole essay. meanrvhile. English is gradually accepted as a

q Use your own words as much seconcl language bir rhe majorit.v ol pcople ali
as posslble. Do not copy a lot of an utificial language. The sccond solu- o!ea thc worlci.
from the article given below.
w
A Letter
A Write a letter to the editor of the newspaper expressing your views on either the acceptance or the rejection of
an artilicial language. You have to support your points fully.

B €ssay
B Give a clear account of the main reasons why you are learning English

Task A: Mod"lr"tt", Model Essay

Deor 5irlModom,
I for nearly seven yeors
hove been leorning English
Although I con understond why some people moy be in fovor now. I
must odmit thot f storted becouse my por-
of o universol longuoge, I would not supporl such an idea for o ents wonted me to leorn o foreign longuoge ond
number of reosons. English wos the most useful longuoge to leorn. I did-
Firstly, I think we should remember the culturol importonce n't porticulorly enjoy my lessons ot first but ofter o
of a language. A longuoge reflects Jhe troditions, history ond while I
begon 10 \ecome more inlerested in the lan-
culture of the people who speok it. It
is part of c country's I
guoge, especiolly os liked foreign pop music ond I
hetiloge ond through studying o longuoge we can understond could understond the lyrics better.
how o porticulor notion lives and thinks. A good exomple of
this is the foct thot Eskimos hove so mony words meoning Now, however, I find English to be o very intetesting
different types of snow, whereos in English we only hove ond enjoyoble languoge to leorn. f use it o lot when I
lhree or four. do reseorch for my studies on the Internet ond f
Secondly, by studying ihe oncient longucges of tribes we con even hove on English pen pol thot f write e-moils to.
leorn q lot obout noture ond especially noturol medicines ond
nutrition. The moin reGson thot f om leorning English now is
f olso believe ihot it is o sign of brood-mindedness and intelli- thot I would like to go to university in The United
gence when o person mokes the effort to leorn onother longuoge. Stotes or in Britoin when f om o bit older. Also f
With new technology English octs qs on interndtionol longuoge know thot being o speaker of English will improve my
bui I feel it would be o greot loss to monkind if it or ony chqnces of getting q good job in the future.
other single longuage replaced our multi-linguol world.
Yours foithfully,

68
 +,
ea[,; in wt
peaking - 5

WHAT TO DO WITH YOUR MONEY

IL:i
Stage I
o Do you live in the city or in the county?
t"
o Where are you from? a
o Can you tell me something about (your town or village)?
o What is the most interesting part of your town ,/ village? $
. What kind of jobs do the people in your town /
village do? T
. Are you interested in fashion? Why? Why not?
o What do you like spending your money on?
o Are you a fashion victim? Why? Why not?
r Do you always shop around before you decide what to buy?

Stage 2
Situation: You just got some money for your birthday afd now
you need ro decide whal lo do with it.
,,

First: You should ook at the pictures below and ask

o What are the options?
o What is the advantage to each option?
o What is the disadvantage to each option?

I
Stage 3
Then: When you have all the information you need, explain what
you've decided. Be ready to explain your choice. Remember t0 use I
t I

i
information you learned lrom asking questiors to explain your final
choice.

Stage 4
Finally, after you have shared your decision, you will be asked
more questions about the topic.

Useful Expressions
Expressing uncertainty Making a choice by giving reasons
. I think that depends on .............
. Persona ly. wou d choose the f rst/
. l'm not certain/sure but ............... second option because it is important for
. lt's hard to say but ............... me to...
. I can't say lor sLre blt .......... . Since I am very much interested in ..
. Considering all the informatlon I have.L

thifk ld choose... because-..

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71
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Dort 2 a
a

ln lhis porl of the test, you will heor four short tolks. Alter eoch tolk, you will heor some questions obout it.
Before eoch tolk begins, you will hove time to preview the questions thot ore printed in the test booklet.

. Reod the questions silently.

. Then listen to the tolk. You con toke notes in the booklet.
. Then listen to eoch question ond choose the best onswer from the onswer choices.
. Mork your onswers on lhe seporote onswer sheel. You should mork A, B, c, or D'

There ore o totol of 20 questions oboul the four short tolks.

Questions 3I -35
Look ot the queslions. Then listen to o scienlist tolking on the
NOTES
university rodio.

31. What do migratory species make use ol to navigate?

a. changes in the weather
b. climate changes
c. electromagnetic Iields
d. a special sense of smell

32. What behavior is NoT menlioned by the speaker as a sign

of possible tragedy?
a. zoo animals remain calm in confinement
b. horses galher togelher
c. cattle group close togelher
d. insects move indoors

33. Why does the speaker suggest animal oddities might not be a sign of danger?
a. We haven't studied animals enough to know lor sure.
b. lJnusual behavior is always down to mating.
c. Animals can behave strangely just because they are hungry.
d. Animals only behave oddly after the danger has arrived.

34. Why is the scientist probably giving this lalk to the students?
a. to show thal something is a myth
b. to provide information for an assignment
c. to describe a scientific process in detail
d. to give them instructions on how to peform a new experiment

35. What does the scientist mean when he says: ()

a. From reading about animal behavior, it is clear that animals
have special powers.
b. What we think are examples of special animal powers in use
may just be coincidences.
c. Clainioyants claim animals have special powers.
d. Clairvoyants are people who read too much into animal behavior.

r
 test 4
istening Dort 2
Questions 36-41 Quesfions 42--45
l-ook ot the questions. Then listen to o student tolking to Look ot the questions. Then listen to o lecturer ot o
his sociolcgy closs. university tolking to moture students.

36. What is the positive influence oI sharing in online gaming? 42. What is NOT TRUE about child prodigies?
a. Gaming socjeties exchange gameplay information. a, They watch what goes on around them carefully
b. Sharing leads to shortterm relationships. b. They are good with numbers.
c. Strong relationships are Iormed within gaming s0cieties c. They sland oul from their peers.
d. IMore people get t0 play the games. d. They lack the ability to concentrate for long.

37. What do some critics of gaming say when it comes 43. What does the speaker say about the sleeping habits
t0 the relalionship between gaming and violence? of gifted children?
a. Online games are safe virtual play areas. a. They typically sleep less than other children.
b. All computer games should have an Adult rating. b. They take fewer naps than other children.
c. Violenl games should not be available to anybody. c. They sleep more than other children.
d. Gaming promotes real-life violence. d. Their sleeping habits are no different 10 any child's.

38. What is signilicant about online gaming involving 44. How do gifted children perform in terms of vocabulary
multi-player games? development?
a. lt promoles competition between countries. a. They learn to speak at a slower pace than other children
b.P layers lrom all over share a common passion for gaming b. They develop Iluency faster than normal.
c.C ultures and counlries clash. c. They are already writing sentences before other children
d.P layers do not collaborate. start to talk.
d. They speak for shorter durations than other kids.
39. Why should we not ignore the effects ol gaming on players'
self-esteem? 45. How do gifted children respond t0 games?
a. When players do well in games, it gives them more confidence a. They take a dislike to crosswords and jigsaw puzzles
b. The etfort to overcome difficult challenges can lower esleem. b. They get bored playing problem-solving games.
c. Easier, less challenging games are good for esteem. c. They enjoy all children's games.
d. Playing computer games a l01 lowers sell-esteem. d. They are attracted to problem-solving games.

40. Why are games thought t0 be an outlet for players'

negative feelings?
a. Violenl people are less violent online.
b. Families play together in a positive atmosphere.
c. Players get rid of their negative feelings as they play and relax more.
d. Players perform better when they are positive.

41. What is the purpose of this talk?

a. to present people with a more positive view of gaming
b. to describe how a particular online game works
c. to inform people about an online gaming conference
d" to persuade more people to play online games

NOTES NOTES

B
Iirten in L
L
Dorr 2 f
I I

Questions 46-5O
Look ot the questions. Then, listen to on ogent tolking to o child's pqrents NOTES
obout the child's octing coreer.

46. Why should parents employ a personal acting coach Ior their child?
a. He will give them various acting tips.
b. He will give their child a job in the industry.
c. He will connect with them and give them coniidence.
d. He will probably already work in the industry.

47. Who should prepare the child's p0rtf0li0?

a. the parents
b. the child himself
c. experienced portfolio makers
d. the trainer

48. Why are there casting websites?

a. to let the young actors kn0w about acting techniques
b. to provide employers with information about child actors
c. to provide informalion and advice t0 young actors
d. t0 provide children with portfolio pictures

49. What is one ol the suggested ways a child can lind a job in the acting industry?
a. ignore small firms and iocus on big studios
b. contact local agenis and check ads
c. make {riends with reality T.V. stars
d. look f0r work from newspaper and magazine c0mpanies

50. What is the main purpose of this talk?

a. to explain the role of agents
b. to encourage children to get involved in acting
c. to recruit child actors
d. to provide in{ormation about ways to become a successlul child actor

T
 #'w:

{ ::::'"r:-"
[:1-.. rammar
51. "Which of these jackets is yoursl" 58. ........ arrives lirst. gels lo slay in 65. This job is not only good
"The shinv nerv hlack one is ......" the luxudous suite on the roof. experielce but ............... a good
a. my a. Those who way to meet new people.
b. I b. Whom a, and
c. mine c. Who b. also
d. myself d, Whoever c. too
d. yet
52. "Were you able to relax yesterday, 59, Paul asked the electrician to come
or did you have another hectic day?" ..... the afternoon to fix the wires. 66. Sharon felt that the geatest
a. on thing ahoul going camping ua.
"Honestly, I .............. all day and
fresh air outside
feel much better today." b. in
c- with a. breath
a. sleeped
d. b. breathing
b. slept at
c. have breathed
c. sleePing d. are breathing
d. have been sleep 60. "When is the last time you
played racket ball, Bill?"
67. Shirley didn't hear the phone
53. I am afiaid we can't drive out "You know what, I haven't lss2gss rvhen it rang she ..........,.
to Jenny's today; ..... they've played......." a shower.
closed the street she lives on. a. since I was a child a. will take
a, because of b. for years when I was a child b. is taking
b. because for that c, I have a long time c. takes
c. due d. years d. was taking
d, since
61. Don't you think you .............. 68. Let's postpone the excursion
54. "Do you like living in London?" invite Peter's sister. too? because Gina isn't the only
"Yes, but it was hard to get a. may be person .......... wake up on time.
............... driving on the left." b. should a. who didn't
a. using c. ought b, who do
b. to d. would like c, has not
c. use d. who not
d. used to 62. I want to change clothes because
I really feel ............. lhese jears. 69. Joe ........... his father so much
55. Is Mr. Clark the person ....... car is a. so fat for weadng that it's as if he's incapable of
always parked in front of the shop? b. as fat as wearing making a mistake.
a. who his c, much fatter to wear a. set out on
b. which d, too fat to wear b. put off
c. whose c. looks up to
d. his 63. You have my permission to go d. grew up
out with your friends as soon as
70. Because of his neck injury, he
56. how hard I try, I never seem to
....... you ........... cleaning lour room.
had a diflicult time....... his arm.
be able to ski as well as my brother. a. are finishing
b. will finish a. lifting
a. No matter
b. for tifting
b. Whenever c. finish
c. lifted
c. Even so d. have finish
d. lift
d, Yet
64. Next week we are leaving for 71. Our guests ......,. at the door on
57. We have a lot of relatives......... Washington and I just can't wait their arrival and escorted to
in Ireland. ............... Carol and her baby. their rooms.
a. who Iiving a, for seeing a. will greet
b. who lives b. seeing b. will be greeted
c. who live c. to see c. will be greeting
d. they live d. will see d. would have greeted

E
l f ,Jfn fil,If ,,.# k G rammar
72, Janet loves that book because she 79. In my opinion, what this room
is realll ....... in historical erents. Iacks is .......................... .

a. of interest a. organizings E'iAM IIPS & SIB,AIEGIES

b. interest b. organized "Jn c^s. / Jn case .f / i" +h,^+ .^s."
c. interesting c. organization Jf yo. ,,lo case. L.^.ri."l-r
sorrefhlng i^
d. interested d. organize thi"9 hopp""., y.q J. lr r. 1," pr.pa.ed
73. Mike and Pete still remember the 80. "How was your trip?" J'll t^k. - p"ll.r.r, in case it qet's col.l.
place ...... when they were children. fi$t I didn't want to go,
".........
a. that they met there but now I am very happy I did." J^ case of rs "seJ especially i^ .ffrc al
b. that they first ptay notices or ihs+/ac+ions.rh"^ r.ll .q pe"ple
a. At *,hor r. J. l{ s.,.e}hlh9 ",.a.rpecre.! o"
c. where they first played b. In
d. they first meet r^pl"asant happens,
c. On Jh case of li,e, d. ".* ,.e tlrc .1."-t.,.
74. "How much sugar should I put d.Bv
in your coffee?" We use in rha+ case +o sho\! tha+ rvhat
81. "Where would you like to go for we are soirrs +o say is rrqe rf rhe possrL,le
"Just ............. please because
dinner, Bob? I suggested......... sitaatioh that has n,st bee^ .lehil.herl
I am on a diet."
a. little Chinese food but no one
Th" b,'.". ".oy 1,"." strike asant
b. a few seemed to like that idea."
Jn thar case, h.". r. hke the tni".
c. few a'try ^,.'ll
d. a little b. we trying
c. trying
75, "I'm sorry I didn't give you d. to trying
directions but I thought you
knew where we live." 82. Don't be discouraged by your
"I ................... here by taxi uncle's expression. ............. of
and didn't pay attention." what he says, he will attend the
a. came last meeting even if he doesn't want to
b. last came a. Regards
c. came lastly b. With regard
d. lastly came c. Regarding
76. "How did you first find this
d. Regardless
beautiful place?"
83, "What's wrong, with Jane?"
"I ......... come here everyday with
my mother when I was a child." "She is angry because if she ......
a. used to more money, she could have
b, am use to bought the dress she wanted."
c. am used to a. to save
d. use to b. had saved
c. saves
77. "How did James hurt his back?" d. is saving
"He tried to move a piano by......
a. self 84. "Is your mother home?"
b. himself "Yes. but she's ............... the
c, oneself flowers in the back garden."
d. his own a. watering
b. waters
78. "When do you think the workers c. for wate ng
will finish building the garage?" d. to water
"They have been here all day.
It ..................... much longer." 85. I urge you to pack lots of warm
a. must not taken clothes ........ i1 gels cold at night
b. can't take a. unlcss
c. is taking b. so that
d. will have taken c. in case

r
d, possibly
 f est 4
ocabulary
86. The judge hoped that the trial 93. After the cake is done being 100. You might want to ... some of
would have a(n) ......... jury. baked, ........... icing on it. your money in the stock market
a. unhiased a. grill a. profit
b. prejudiced b. spread b. mine
c. impressive c. fry c. invest
d. suggestive d. roast d. establish

87. The archaeologist..... the a ifact 94. The board ... the scientist's well 101. The track athlete broke the world
from the bottom of a pit in a cave researched theory about comets. ..... in the race.
a. explored a. invented a. point
b. found b. accepted b. medal
c. recovered c. discovered c. time
d. justified d. composed d, record

88. The detectiYe never all 95. Tom feels very comfortable around 102. The store will not let you
important detail. a lot of people. He is very .... . any items on sale.
a. overlooked a. loud a. buy
b. misplaced b, quiet b. keep
c. lost c. unfriendly c. purchase
d. selected d. extroverted d. retum

E9, L...... you about the slippery 96. How many baseball cards do 103. I am sorry for ignoring you, but
ice on the sidewalk. you have in your ..........? I have been ......... with work.
a. alarmed a. collection a. available
b. warned b. equipment b. preoccupied
c. forgot c. program c. unused
d. spoke d. market d. gathered

90. Professor Wilson was ......... for 97. The musician performed two
his academic achievements, ......... last week in Chicago. 104. The fly is .........,, so please
a. insulted a. concerts don't worry about it.
b. dishonored b. tasks a. dangerous
c. distrusted c. series b. toxic
d. honored d. soap operas c. harmless
d. disreputable
91. My father is very ....i he doesn't 98. ...... the paragraphs in your
thint couples should live together essay, that way it is clearer. 105. The policeman......,. the thief as
before they are mafiied. a. Discover he tded to steal the painting.
a. creative b. Imagine a, arrested
b. progressive c, Organize b. processed
c. conseruative d, Perform c. made
d. ignorant d. prohibited
99. The family was ......... after the
92. ".... the data and then do shocking death of a favorite 106. Thir$ minutes of ... exercise a da1
your calculations", said the relative. is a good way to Prevent disease
science teacher. a. coltented a. resistalrt
a. Organize b. devastated b. strenuous
b. Discover c, unmoved c. deficient
c. Withhold d. happy d. promising
d. Invest

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Htir:ilhu l,lr
ocabular
107. I am .......... this class; 114. Mike ... twelve roses in his
it is really challenging. new garden, EXtrM TIPS & STRATEGIES
a. uninspired by a. bought
b. really enjolng b. planted
"Describing paple - antonyms
Of+"" l" rh.
"...l,ulaty secri.n,
rh.e
c. bored by c. dug Jisi.acto.s -,lll c."+ai" ahtohyals/ or
d. appealed to d. constructed w"rds wi+h +he oppos te hedhihg io the
.o..ecf ahswer.
108. I have never seen anybody as .. 115. Having excellent vision is ......
Look at the adjectives below that are
as her. She never listers to -yon". in order to get a pilot's license used to describe a person's charactet.
a. stubbom a. unimportant Match them with their antonyms and
b. brave b. insignificant then complete the sentences, using
c. demanding c. essential some of the words.
d. remarkable d. difficult

109. Because of bad weather, the 116. I ... my new shirt by accidentally 6. sllly

farmer had barely .... crops to sell. putting it in the washing machine. 3, i.asrlvo.rhy
a. supply a. restored
b, tons b. shrunk 5, exltovetteA
c. enough c. fixed
d. profit d, colored
/, >^e ts ve.y ahd ahvays
110. I don't have a car, so I will have 117. ... have I seen such a talent in .ay. "pl"o..' ."d "+h.^L y..",
to pay the ... to dde the train. math. His abilities are amazing. 8. Bob will s\ve yoa sohe Ma^ey as
a. tickets a. Always lti " ".ry
b. penalty b. Common 9. lle ha"dly """r "p.^ks b"ca".e
c. fare c. Recently h.'.." -,
d. price d. Seidom 10. 1-le s no+ so don't leave hlq
alone with tL.e money.
II l. Mark criticizing others.
is always 118, Living by myself has made me -
He never has anything ...... to more....., I can take care of myself
say about other people. a. dependent
a, negative b. independent
b. positive c. lonely
c. exploiting d. insecure
d. critical
ll9. I lind your rude remarks very ..

112. The ......... to the mugging a. offensive

called the police. b. pleasing
a. crooks c. harmless
b. convicts d. precious
c. criminals
d. witnesses 120. L......... didn't clean the dishes,
so that you would.
113. After sailing on the sea for a, intentionally
two weeks, the sailor couldn't b. remotely
........ to touch land. c. quickly
a. hesitate d. serenely
b. desire
c. tempt
d- wait

Ft
 4 a
a Part 1
This passage is about Mt. St. Helens' volcano.

121. Mt. St. Helens was known as the Fujiyama

May 18, 1980,
of America because
dawned clear a. it was very beautiful.
and cool in the
Cascades, but *p b. it erupts regularly.
c. it is very tall.
it would pass
into history as
? ET d. it causes a lot of deYastation.

a momentous 1{ 122. According to the ter1, how did Washingtonians

day when the feel before the eruption occurred?
cataclysmic a. They were very frightered of the volcano.
b. They didn't know that Mt. St. Helens was
eruption of Mt.
an active volcano.
St. Helens
c. They knew that whatever happened, they
turned a vast
wouldn't be affected.
area of the pristine Washington countryside into a cauldron of
d. They were not concerned about the
devastation. Mt. St, Helens was one of the most beautiful moun- dsk of an eruption at all.
tains in the Northwest, having been called the Fujiyama of
America, but it was also, and still remains, the most active volcano 123. According to the text, how long had it
in the Cascade Range. been since Mt. St. Helens had erupted?
a. Ten years
A century of volcanic inactivity had made Washingtonians compla- b. Fifty years
cent. However, beneath the tranquil sylvan paradise, molten c. One hundred years
magma was slowly rising to the surface of the earth, eventually d. Two hundred years
forming a mushroom-shaped lava dome that exploded with the
124. When Mt. St. Helens exploded, which of the
force of l0 million tons of TNT at 8.30 a.m., throwing nature into
following did NOT occur?
upheaval. A hot plume of ash and debris rose 65,000 feet into the
a. Molten rock avalanches flowed down
sky, turning day into night. Billowing, hot molten rock avalanches
mountainsides.
swept down the flanks of the mountain, mowing down everything b. A plume of ash and debris rose into the sky
in their paths. Spirit Lake boiled, and rivers turned black. On the c. The earth cracked and formed a new vallev.
slopes, great swaths of trees were blown away from the mountain d. Fires burned in the forests.
and tossed in heaps. Fires burned everywhere. ln the aftermath,
what had been pristine beauty only hours before lay in total devas- 125. According to the text, what does the Mt.
tation. The crest of the mountain had been completely blown St. Helens area look like today?
away and a thick carpet of ash covered the landscape. Trees were a. Nature has made a surprising recovery.
strewn about like toothpicks. There were no signs of life. b. The land is as devastated as it was o[ the day
of the eruption.
c. Nature has not proven to be very resilient.
Most people believed that decades, even centuries, would pass
d. There is undergrowth but no trees,
before the land would recover. However, nature proved to be far
more resilient than expected. The return of life, both plant and
animal, was remarkable, and today undergrowth carpets the
ground and wildlife is abundant. A forest of young trees graces the
slopes and valleys below the volcano, and a delicate and serene
beauty has returned once more to this vast wilderness area.

E
 I
r-E,l IAII
This passage is about computer hacking. R eading
A lool( inside the world of computer
hacking can be a fascinating experience.
And in this hackers' paradise, computer
software is constantly being attacl<ed -
?a
sometimes for ethical reasons, but all 126. Why is computer hacking considered 'art'?
too often not. And the goal of such a. Because it involves creativity.
attacks is to corrupt the target com-
b. Because it has certain technical aspects.
puter without its owner's knowledge, and get it to do some-
thing which the owner did not intend it to do. c. Because it involves painting bsautiful landscapes.
For those who perpetrate these attacl<s and try to force d. Because it is as dadng as painting.
their entry into secure and unsecured websites - in other
words, the so-called 'hackers' - hacking is both an art and a
127. What do people who hack unethically NOT do?
science; aft, because it can be as original and, dare lsay,
beautiful as a landscape painting; science, because of its tech- a. breach security codes
nical features. But as beautilul and intelligent as the Process b. modify financial data
can be, the problem is that many hackers paint with an c. gain authodzed access to networks
unethical brush; these unscrupulous sorts are up to no good,
d. steal personal data
They might want to steal personal information, alter a corpo-
ration's financial figures, break security codes to Sain unaP-
proved network access, or carry out other damaging activities. 128. What is NOT a characteristic of hackers?
There are two types of people who turn to comPuter a. intellectual curiosity
hacking: those who are drawn to hacking out of intellectual
b. excellent modern Ianguage skills
inquisitiveness and those with darker motives for their inter-
est. But the features that all hackers share are their techno- c. attraction to risk
lotical sawiness, their eagerness to take risks and their con- d. a practical understanding of technolos/
siderable knowledge of programming languages.
Computer hacking always involves some degree of viola-
129. Why do big-shot companies hire teams of hackers?
tion of the confidentiality of others; breaking through net-
work security and damaging or compromising personal files, a. to find unethical hackers
web pages or software. lt may also involve downloading or b. to damage competitors' software and files
modifring such files without permission, and the conse- c, to 'hack' the hackers themselves
quences can vary from slight alarm at having been targeted -
d. to identit/ systems vulnerable to attack
prompting an overdue security upgrade - to total despair at
the realization that your entire database of private-client
information has been lifted from your intranet, 130. What is true about black-hat hacke$?
However, many big-shot companies now employ teams of a. They Iook for weaknesses in company systems
professional hackers tasked with identirying system weakness-
to repair them.
es before the 'bad guys' do. Such staff use their own hacking
skills to basically simulate what a real hacker might get up to. b. They are involved in efforts to stop identity theft.
Where they succeed in beating the system, extra security c. They misuse their company credit cards.
measures are then put in place. This so-called ethical hacking d. Some of them cause computer problems just for fun
helps to stop identity theft and other such cyber crimes.
Hackers like this who try to breach security for the right
reasons are commonly termed 'white-hat hackers'. The ones
with malicious intent are referred to as 'black-hat hackers'.
These are the guys who infect our computers with viruses, run
credit-card scams, are involved in identity theft, or are simply
what is termed 'cyber vandals' - hackers who cause harm iust
for the sake of it because they enioy causing problems.
But black-hat hackers beware; the tood Suys are coming
to Eet you!

r
 test 4 a ?'! r:_! lf, F
-= G- t"! I a r;- art 3

A FRosr vALLEY camp

vwvw.adventurecamps.com update:
E Bold Earth Adventure camp

Frost Valley camp announces its fees for this summer. Bold Earth Adventure camp
is inviting subscribers to
FROST VALLEY Camp adventttecamps.com's
o $270 a month per penon.
job-updates site to apply for
. At the campsite you can find modern cabins in new camp positions that
comfortable surroundings and dining facilities have become available.
offering delicious menus. We b ng together children Candidates should:
from all sorts of backgrounds with all kinds of
capabilities to be part of our inspiring, Iife-changing
. Be highly-motivated role models with extensive
community. experiencc uorking with reenagers in camp
o Frost Valley adventure trips in the wild are a chance surroundings.
for teens to meet new people, acquire new skills, . Possess the highest-level qualifications in first aid,
learn about the environment and discover how to CPR and lifeguard training.
lead a healthier lifesryle.
. Be passionate about working outdoors with young
o Activities olfered range from archery, canoeing, people.
horseback riding, rock climbing, snorkeling and
. Have good organizational skills and the ability
swimming to trekking and rafting. to teach children about the wildemess.
. The ideal setting lor children who hope to o Be around 26 years old.
experience a thrilling outdoor adventure.

tr Academy by the Sea

Summer Biology camp
www.odventurecomp.com announcement Mrs Jameson, At the
SPI Study Abroad language camp
SPI StLtdy Abroad
marine biology teacher, wishes to inform her students at language camp everybody
the Acodemy by the Seo summer Biologr camp of changes seems to leave pretty happy
affecting the camp schedule this year and provide them with themselves. Here is
with a general update: what a student wrote about
it on adventurecamps.com.
Deor students,

I om qwqre of your eagerness to learn, prepare for The Course prepared me well for the college exams and
college ond even expond your knowledge in the porticu- enabled me to get high scores when I eventually sat
lor orea of morine biology, but this yeor I will olso be them. I also improved my fluency in the language a lot
providing o voriety of extra course options such os and gained a better cultural and geographic awareness.
Animol, Culturol ond International studies. I will keep
the size of closses smoll to be oble to pay eoch of you I lived with a host family. This meant that I had to use
the ottention you deserve, identify your leorning my language skills all the time at home and as I was
needs, ond, hopefully , give you more opportuhities to exploring the surroundings and local community facili-
gel involved ond hove your soy. ties, and developing ftiendships with the local residents.
your occess to the librory ond the compufer lob will The camp programs take place in small cities where stu-
ossist you when working on your morine biology dents are abie to get around easily, allowing us a true
projects, os well os your other subjects. immersion experience.

Finolly, you should know thot we will meet os one gtoup Classes are taught by native-speaker school staff and
- oll closses together - every Monday morning from involve grammar, culture and speaking practice - all
9 am lo 72 pm this yeor, not on Tuesdoys os in previ- designed to improve the language proficiency of the
ous yeors, students.
see you soon,
Mrs Jomeson It was a once-in-a-lifetime educational experience!

Beth Sampson

E
rE,tdinr:
f
a

Questions 131-132 refer to section A. Questions 137-138 refers to section D.

131. What is the main purpose of section A? 137, What does Beth Sampson say about the course?
a. to let existing campers know more about camp facilities a. It helped her to decide what to do in college.
b. to provide details of the camp schedule b. It taught her how to prepare for exams in general
c. to review camp services and facilities c. It enabled her to score well in subsequent exams.
d. to promote the camp and highlight rvhat it has to offer d. It enabled her to become fluent in the language.

132. What opportunity does the Frost Valley adventure trip 138. What did Beth Sampson NOT gain by living with a
NOT claim to offer? family in the small city where the camp was held?
a. the chance to socialize a, an awareness of her surroundings
b. the opportunity to develop new skills b. practice using her language skilis
c. the chanca to experience a culturally different c. new friends
way of life d. experience running camp programs
d, the opportunity to learn about environmental issues
Questions 139-140 refer to two or more sections.
139. Which sections discuss the teaching of specific academic

Questions 133-134 refer to section B. subjects?

133. What would campers NOT learn about at the a.BandD
Academy la the Sea camp? b.AandB
a. rypes of marine transport c.CandD
b. the behavior of pregnant lionesses d.AandB
c. the anatomy of sharks
d. Indian customs 140. Which section would interest a 27-year-old, competent
swimmer with a desire to teach?
134, What does Mrs Jameson promise to do with her classes? a.A
a. Only give attention to students who deserve it. b.B
b. Give students more of a chance to take part. c.C
c. Form multi-cultutal classes. d.D
d. Keep all class-groups Ihe same rize.

Questions 135-136 refer to section C.

135. What is the main purpose of section C?
a. to advertise positions that need to be filled
b. to inform staff about the qualifications they
should have
c. to promote the excellent quality of its staff
d. to encoumge staff to aim for higher-level qualfications

136. Which of the following is a requirement for prospective

staff?
a. have at least one year's expedence teaching little children
b. have a passion for organizing indoor activities for
young people
c. have some good emergency medical skills
d. have classroom teaching experience

r
 i.dlr-

Part 4
The European Film Academy offers its students the
opportunity to star in feature-lengh films for worldwide
release - they don't just act in amateur student productions.
E GREAT ACTING TIPS FROM
THE INSTRUCTORS OF
The Master's acting program provides professional training in film THE EUROPEAN FILM ACADEMY
acting, screenwriting, directing, cinematography, producing, editing
and financing, and the chance to star in films for worldwide
release. That is, the Academy teaches the professional skills and
1. Be clear about the Role and Script
offers the state-of-the-art facilities required to help students The moment ),ou gct the script. do not hesitate to ask
become professional film actors. tbr clarification of your character as well as the other
By learning how to produce and star in their own films, our stu- characters, their sunoundings and the time and era the
dents and aspiring actors are shown how to create opportunities film takes place. Try to understand the character tiom
for themselves - they can produce and star in their own produc- the director's point ofview and the actor's as well.
tions rather than having to wait for the right audition to come
along before getting a part. 2. Identify with and Research your character
During instruction in film acting, directing, producing and other When you are assigned a pa . understanding thc role
key film roles, the academy's instructors perform scenes them- and script thoroughly is the first step. Remember that
selves to demonstrate the standardized techniques used in the people will lemember the character you are playing
industry. Afterwards, students must try to emulate their instruc- and not you. Go on an emotiotal jourley back
tors' scene performances to help them boost their confidence and through your lifc cxperiences and identif, occasions in
discover their own styles. your life rvhich you can relate to the character's experi
Unlike other film schools, the European Film Academy has stu-
cnccs. Begin feeling, acting and imagining thc worid of
dents that graduate with professional experience already behind
the charactcr. Become tlle character.
them - the course ends with the production of a Hollywood film
for worldwide release. 3. Practice Dialogues and get Feedback
An international film festival, where students can meet with After identilying with the character start thinking the
important local and international film-industry figures, takes place way the character thinks, behaves and feels. Acttrg is
to celebrate the release of students' {lnal productions . The festival about er?ressing emotions. So don t just memorize the
provides great recognition for the student actors and the filmmak-
lines: feel them. If you feel the emotions. the lines will
ers involved and is sure to set them on their way to amazing
automatically come out i[ the right wa]. Practice in
heights of success.
For more information click on Dates & Applications. ftont of a mirror. or youl famil,v. Rehearsc with the
Now only $3,000 for a 3-month hands-on instruction course. other actors and the director. Get feedback so you can
learn from your mistakes and improve.

tr Spanish actor.s that have graduated

from the European Film Academy
"Playing with Fire"
Jerem Cruz
With a voice like silk and a deep gaze rlat seduces and "Playing with Fire" is the first
charms the audience, Jerem Cruz is quite simply delicious.
action-thriller film release of
Once he's on screen the audience is spell-bound and women
giggle and sigh. He's so much more than just a handsome the European Film Academy, l,)
actor though. He's a dramatic talent, capable of playing starring former academy stu-
diverse roles - liom a killer to a romantic to a cute and cud- dent Jinny Rey; it also fea-
dly ca oon character. tures a talented support cast
that boasts the Academy's best students. lt is
,l ii !r,, il{r'i a demanding leading role where Jinny performs
'
This Spaniard is known for his intense and dramatic per-
his own high-adrenaline stunts. You have never
formances. An actor of mired heritage, with a Mexican
seen a mission more intense than this.
father and an English mother, he joined the series 'A1l my
friends', the country's most popular daytime soap opera, in An entertaining film in spite of its excessive use
spring 2012. His character has a passionate but unstable of computer graphics and melodrama; an excit-
romance with Jessie Maine. which, after a lot of problems ing, witty and fun release.
have been overcome! ends up in marriage. He is a most tal-
ented actor.

86
rEEd in i

R eadin a

Questions 141-I43 refer to section A Questions 146-147 refer to section C.

141, What does producing and starring in their own films 146. What is NOT suggested as a way to help actors become
mean for the aspidng actors of the European Film more clear about their role and script?
Academy? a. become familiar with the film-set surroundings
a. They will have a better chance of finding auditions b. find out more about the nature of the character
after graduation. c. pinpoint the time ard era in which the film takes
b. They can create work opportunities for themselves. place
c. They won't have to wait as long for the right audition d, try to see the character fuom the director's point
to come along. of view
d. They may have to hold auditions to find the ght
actors to feature in their films. 147. How can you identifu with your character?
a. Try to get inside the mind of the character and think
142. How do students benefit from trying to emulate their like them.
instructors' perfotmances? b. Focus on being yourself and let the character develop
a. It increases their confidence and helps them find their naturally.
own style. c. Use your previous acting er?erience to relate to the
b. They learn to become more flexible by experimenting current role.
with di{ferent styles. d. Don't allow ),ourself to become too emotiolal and
c. It teaches them to copy the work of better actors than separate the character's experiences from your own.
themselves.
d. It helps them improve their singing abilities. Question 148 refer to section D
148. What is the main purpose of section D?
143. What does the intemational festival offer to the a, to review a film produced by a fotmer Acadcmy $aduate
Academy's students? b. to promote a film made by the Academy
a. A chance to celebrate their graduation. c. to review the acting work of Jinny Rey
b, A chance to sell festival films to local industry d. to encourage students of the Academy to make
figures. similar successful films
c. They get appreciated by the local community.
d, Other people from the film industry come in contact
with them. Questions 149-150 refer to two or more sections
149. Which sections provide information about cufient or
past students of the European Film Academy?
Questions 144-145 refer to section B. a.AandB
144, What is the main purpose of section B? b.BandD
a. to highlight the acting talents of two featured c.BandC
former Academy graduates d.DandA
b. to persuade the public to see the new films these two
Spanish actoN have released 150. Which acting technique(s) is Jerem Cruz using when he
c. to explain to the Academy's students what it takes to expresses emotions?
be a successful actor a. identirying with the character
d. to give a detailed accouflt of how these two Spanish b. getting feedback
actors managed to become famous c. beiog clear about the role and scdpt and getting feedback
d. being clear with the role and scdpt
145. What is NOT said about Jerem Cruz?
a. People find his personality very likeable.
b. Women find him very attractive.
c. He is capable of playing many types or roles.
d. He is a very romantic person.

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 i.s'

fest 4
riting
Comparing & Contrasting

TASK A Pre-writinsActivity TASK B Pre-Writing Activity

A Discuss the following topics, and express

a Read the following text about the similarities
your own preferences. and differences between haveling to an island
by boat or by plane.

1. Going to the cinema or watching a video at home. A After you have read the text, answer the
2. Watching a football match on television or at the sladium. following questions:
3. Reading a newspaper or learning the news on the 1. How does the writer keep his ideas clear throughout
lnternet. the paragraph?
4. Spending extra money on schools or on building parks. 2, What phrase could be used to start the next paragraph?

By plone or by Boot?
On lhe one hond , on oirplone oppeors to Athens to the islond of Crele. is not the
be lhe most logicol woy lo trovel to on some os being ot seo for six to eight hours
islond thot is mony kilometers owoy. Therefore choosing to fly meons extro
Firsllv, you con reoch o deslinotion in less time is goined, you ore less iired when
thon on hour lhot would olherwise loke you orrive ot your destinotion, ond ihe hol-
mony hours on o boot. For exomple, o idoy con be longer ond more enioyoble.
for ty-minute flight, from Greek copitol
p
F

A Now you must continue the story. Write the next paragraph of the essay (8o-1oo wordsl

E
tiu'r'it l-r

WI n a

Use very + positive adjective: This is a very good book.

\triting Use much + comparative adjective This is a much better book

I
Use as ... as ... in affirmative sentences, Susan is as tall as her sister.
and not so/as... as ... in negative sentences: Susan is not so/as tall as her mother.

TASK C Writing Practice

6 Now pick one of the topics explored in TASK A, Writing Tips

and wnite a main paragraph. Bemember to write a clear El Remember that you must try to expand your
ideas in an appropdate way, either through exam-
topic sentence, and clearly state its main point, with sup-
ples or explanation. This does not Ieave you with
porting examples or explanation in each paragraph. much time so do not wdte anything irelevant.
Also note the use of synonyms in TASK B for the
key words. Try and vary language in this way. E The following words can be used to compare
and contrast:

both despile
lcss and the least are used to form like olherwise
of inferiority'
comparatiyes and superlatiyes similor unlike
easy less easy
the least easy slmilorly in controsl
iust os whereos
economical less economical the least economical

USE IhE IO-INFINITIVE:

i after the verbs ask, decide, hope, manage, need, plan, promise, t]y, want:
We ore plonning to visit them next week.

ii after the adieclives allaid, dilficult, important, easy, happy, nice, pleased, sad, solry:
He wos Yery hqppy to see us ogoin.

iii after loo + adiective/adverb or adiective/adverb + enough:

It's too cold to go out. He isn't rich enough to buy o yocht.

iv after the indelinite pronouns (i.e. something, anybody, elc)i

l've got something to tell you.

Use the INFINITIVE without lo:

i after modal verbs (i,e. can, could, shall, should, may, might, must, will, etc):
He moy be oble to see you loter.

ii after the verbs let and make, in the active voice:

Let me try ogoin, pleose. He mode me woit for on hour.

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 I I t ngI

Read the following news item from a local newsPaPer about the establishment of a new oil refinery. Then, do
either task A or task B. For task A you will write a letter. For task B you will write an essay. Do only ONE of these
tasks. Your lvriting will be graded on how fluently and clearly you can exPress your ideas in English.

s You wil have 30 minutes to

write yo!r letter or essay.
q You may make an outllne or
notes in your test booklet if you
The establishment of a new oil refinery
wish, but your outl ne wi I not
here's been a lot of controversv over the They claim that industry benefits everyone, that

co!nt toward your score.

Fff ol r ue\\ orlrcfrner\ in the progress can t be held back and the1, call farmers
q You wi I not be graded on the
",,ubli.hnr"ni
appearance of your paper, but
I tinl"."r.ia" ro\\n o[ Lu.l.lender. Locrl and fishermen short-sighted. The impact of the oil

your handwriting must lle readable lirrmcrs and fishermen are most critical of the refinen on the ctruntrysiJc i. a.mr'lpr'ce le
You may change or correct your . new industry because of the damage it will cause must pa), for progress. We mustn't restrain the
writing, but you should not recopy
the whole essay. lo lhe countr)ride. lo Ihe.ca and lo louri.m. gro\vth of ildustry, We're damagirg the national
5 LJse your own words as Truch
I However, there are somc iniluential people in economy. That's what they say.
as possible. Do not copy a lot
,' town who are in lavor of the new oil refinery.
from the art cle given be ow.

A L^etter
A Write a letter to the editor of the newspaper stating the case for or against the establishment of the new oil
refinery. Support your views fully.

B €ssay
B ln what ways does man pollute and destroy the environment and what measures should be taken, in your
opinion, to stop this destruction and conserve the environment?

Task A: ModerLette, Task B: ModetEssay

Deor 5irlModom, Mon pollutes the environment in mony woys. Air, lond
ond sec, cll suffer ot the hands of mon. Although we
I om strongly ogoinst the estoblishment of o new oil refin-
ery in our town. My fomily hove lived here for five genero- ore owate of this, it seems thot for too little is being
tions ond we ore proud of Luddenden ond the foct thot it done to improve this bcd situotion.
hos remoined unspoiled. fndustry is to blame for o lorge proportion of pollution,
in our doys. Foctories pollute the oreo oround them.
Luddenden hos o lot to offer both the locol residents ond
Probobly the greotest culprit, however, is tronsport.
tourists. It is o noture reserve for mony birds and some ft's o well-known foct thot the pollution coused by
endangered plonts still grow here.It would be o noturol
cors ond other vehicles is greot ond this is the moin
trogedy if lhese were domoged or even destroyed.
couse of ocid roin in the cities. Governments need to
People have soid thot the oil refinery will bring work to provide more environmentolly friendly public tronsport
the oreo but we do not hove on unemployment problem systems thot ore relioble and economicol so thot people
here os mosl people work in ogriculture or tourism. will wont to use them
I would olso orgue thot building o refinery would not be Seos ond rivers ore polluted by industriol woste qnd
progress; in foct f would soy thot it would be o step bock- olso by ships lhof spill or leok oil into the woter. Old
words ond thof it would kill o troditioncl community ond its vessels ore porticulorly donqerous qnd more checks
way of life. The sole reoson thot I con see fot letling lhis should be ccrried out by coost guords.
project go ohead would 6e lo line the pockets of outsiders
who do not core obout Luddenden ot oll. Finolly, mon hos to toke steps to replont forests to
provide oxygen in the oir ond o sofe hobitot for the
Yours foithfully, world' s endangered wildlife.

90
 peaking
FINDING THE RIGHT PRESENT
Stage I
. Can you tell me something about your iamily?
(How big your family islHow old your brothers and sisters {siblings) are)
. Which family member do you spend the most time with?
. Do your parents work? What do they do?
o Do you get along with all the members of your family?
o Do you have a large family or a small Jamily?
. Do you have a P.C.? Why? Why not?
. Do your parents allow you to have a cell phone? Why? Why not?
o Do you send your friends text messages instead of meeting them?

Stage 2
Situation: You cousin, George, wants to buy a present for
his best friend's birthday. What present will he buy him?
First: You should look at the pictures below and ask:
. What are the options?
. What is the advantage to each option?
d
. What is the disadvantage to each option?

Stage 3
Then: When you have all the information you need, explain what you've
dec ded. Be readyto explain your choice. Remember to use information you
earned from askjng questions t0 explain your final choice.

Stage 4
after you have shared your decision, you will be
Finally,
asked rrore questrors about the top c.

Useful Expressions Expressing a negative view

Adding more points . I don't think l'd choose,.. because..,
o I also think that the first option
is... . I'm not interested in... so lwouldn't choose it
. The first/second option is also..,
. Bes des, /What is more, /Apart from this, Discussing a topic
I believe that... o Generally speaking, I think...
. l\4oreover, I think that it is,,. . To put it briefly, I support that...
. ln other words. we slrould all trv to,..
o Persona lv speahins, I sLgsest we try ro...

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96
 Dort 2 L ist enin a

ln this port of the l.st, you will heor four shorl tolks. After eoch tolk, you will heor some queslions obout il.
Before eoch tolk begins, you will hove time lo prevlew the qu€stions thot ore printed in the test booklet.

. Raod the questions silently.

o Then listen to the tolk. You con loke notes in the booklet.
. fhen listen to eoch question ond choose the best qnswer from the onswer choices-
. Mork your onswers on the seporole onswer sheel. you should mork A, B, C, or D.

There ore o totol of 20 questions obout the four short tolks.

Questions 3l-35
Look ot th€ questions. Then listen to o trovel ogent tolking to o NOTES
cuslomer obout online booking.

31. Why is it an advantage that online booking facilities are available 24 hours?
a. lnvoices are sent out instantly to customers who book online.
b. Bookjngs can be made at any time in any location.
c. customers can search various ditferent sites to Iind the best deals.
d. Customers can avail of special late-night deals.

32. How do online booking systems help customers to become better informed?
a. Customers can chat online with other travelers to get their views.
b" They make it possjble to travelto less well-explored destinations.
c. Customers can view previous visitors'account information,
d. Customers can find lots of relevant inlormation in one place.

33. What is a maior disadvantage of online travel review sites?

a. I\,4ost comments are from dissatisfied customers.
b. Not all the comments are necessarily genuine.
c.0nly positive comments are allowed.
d. Very few cuslomers bother to comment.

34. What is one ol the dangers associated with using online booking systems to
buy tickets?
E:IGM TIPS & STRATEGIES
a. Not all sites have enough security. Ahh.qgh rhe lisreht^g se.|.n is
b. Sometimes fake sites are used to steal inlormation. Jes g"eJ to +es+ yo.. ql,iliry +.
c. lvlost booking sjtes are associated with crime. rhde/sr6"d sp.keh 6hstish, ir ats.
d. Such systems are olten hacked into. tes+s yoar .eadihg sktlls beca.se
y." n"od +he ohswer choices.
^"'t
As yoq. rir.e ts liJ11led/ you,aqsr
35. Why is the travel agent talking to the customer? *eacl very .r.tckly,
a. t0 suggest a good onljne site for reservations One,vay to d. +his is L,y sk,hmihq.
b. to help them book a specitic holiday Whe4 y.- sL,,., y.h,lq,.kly reaJ
c. to inform them about the good and bad points of online booking s.6e+hi^g, no+1n9 [ey poi,^rs, .arh./
rh." .eadths each wo/d.
Doh'r ".."f"1ly
d. to explain how an online booking system works
tasi ptck a,r answe* +h.r t."k.
o. so.hds sl"1ila/ ro +he wo.ds o/
ph.ases y.u heard. StJntto/ so4,1d-
ine r^,ords
"..y ha"" a Affele +
hleahihg o. rhe w.rds ,.ay be
repeared as a disr.acro.,

il
 test 5
istening Dort 2
Questions 36--41 Ouestions 42-46
Look ot lhe questions. Then listen to o feminist lolking to Look ot lhe questions. Then listen to o doctor tolking
some people in o seminor. to her polient.
36. What is the situation today as regards women working
42. Why should anhritis sufferers keep to a low phosphorous
outside the home?
a. Still not that many women work in traditionally 'male' roles. to calcium ratio diet?
b. Women are well represenled in the fields 0f science and technology. a. A high ratio would make their problems worse.
c. Women are punished in some cultures jor not caring f0r the family. b. Phosphorous contains high levels o{ uric acid.
d. Women make more money than men in certain jobs. c. Too much calcium intake makes arthritis worse.
d. Phosphorous is found mainly in unhealthy processed foods
37. How are women who decide to have a family lreated
in the workplace? 43. Why is caffeine lisled as a food to avoid for arlhritis sufferers?
a. They are no longer punished for having children. a. lt supplies minerals and vitamins arthritis sufferers don't need
b. They are not offered paid leave when pregnant.
b. lt tends to cause the body to lose some important
c. They are forced to take up teaching and nursing positions
substances it needs.
d. They are often ignored lor promotional opportunilies.
c. Decaffeinated drinks are much better for your health.
38. Why is the d. Cafieine is a source of phosphorous.
TIIUE magazine article revealino?
a, l1 shows that men do not help with household chores.
b. lt shows that women are still expected to manage the housework. 44. Why should sugar be avoided by arthritis sufferers?
c. 11 shows that men do not want to contribute equally in the home. a. lt is not effective at absorbing nutrients and calcium.
d. lt shows that men are superior at management tasks. b. Sugar is rich in calcium.
c. Sugar in soft drinks produces high levels ol uric acid
39. What is TRUE aboul how much women are paid? d. There is a low phosphorous content in sugar.
a. Women make as much money as men.
b. ln 2007, women were making a dollar more than men.
45. Whal does NoT worsen inflammation when
c. Women are compelled by society to take lower-paid
sufferinq from anhritis?
jobs such as teaching.
a. Iried food
d. Women are paid less than men who do the same work
b. omega 6 in vegetable oil
40. What is the purpose of this talk? c. margarine
a. to describe the current position of women in the workplace d. fruit and vegetables
b to encourage women t0 protest against unfair treatment
c 10 suggest the kinds of jobs women are suited to 46. Why is the doctor talking to this patient?
d to make employers realize that women hav" rights a. to advise him on how to manage his diet
() b. to warn him about arthritis and how to avoid getting it
41. What does the feminist mean when she says c. to describe a balanced diet people generally should lollow
a. l\/lales prefer to be the dominant representatives of companies
d. to explain what arthritis is
b. There continue to be fewer women than men working in
certain areas.
c. Women are still not accepted at all in male-dominated fields.
d. l\/len have more discipline than women.

NOTES NOTES

E
 DorT 7 d
f
a

Questions 47-5O
Look ot the questions. Then lislen to q boss of o compony tolking to the NOTES
mono9er.

47. What is the reason for sending a letter to the company's employees?
a. t0 ask them for their suggestions to improve certain things
b. to let them know about new developments
c, t0 update them about the company's Iinancjal situation
d. t0 motivate them and increase productivity

48. What is mentioned as something which can make employees less motivated?
a. working on a challenging project
b. working lor a company with no hunger for success
c. working under the same manager for a long time
d. receiving a complaint about their peformance

49. What should managers do when their employees'level ol enthusiasm drops?

a. hide details of major changes that could frighten them
b. demand the respect of staff
c. be open about the company's position
d. address the issue by making a formal complaint

50. What is the purpose of this talk?

a. t0 explain the purpose ot and way to approach writing a motivational letter to staff
b. to suggest ways to deal with statf disciplinary and performance problems
c. to talk about how to stay motivated in difficult circumstances
d. to motivate managers to pedorm better in their own roles

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 ; I
",t i ll

test 5
rammar
51. Rob is living in Texas tempora ly 58. Rick's mother is that woman 65. What bad luck Paula has had!
but he ... in Michigan permanently. who is wearing a............. coat. She rea]ly........... a lot of
a. Iiving a. white, fur, Iong unusual problems.
b, have lived b. long, white, fur a. came up against
c. lives c. fur, long, white b. went in for
d. will have live d. fur, white, long c, let down
d. gave out
52. "How often do you visit your 59, Teresa stayed up all night
grandparents?" studying for her exam and....... 66. Would you like ......... a look at
"Well, I try to go ............... to see she fell asleep right in the the new painting I just painted?
them but they live far away." middle of it. a. having
a. regularly a, because b. to have
b. too often b. the result c. to having
c. regular c. as a result d. have
d, too much d. whY
67. It isn't fair because the teacher
53. We haven't seen the Laurence 60. ..... Chris loves jazz music, he yells at ...... comes to class late
family in a long time. Since you can't go to the concert because but orly punishes the students
are going there, could you please he has to work. he doesn't like.
give ...,........... our regards? a. In spite of a. who
a, themselves b. Despite b. whom
b. us c. Regardless c. whoever
c, theirs d. Even though d. whose
d. them
61, Listen Jerry, because we are 68. "I'm sorry I didn't hear the
54. "Do you need anlthing while I good friends I really..... tell announcement."
am out?" you the truth. "They told us that the train ....yet
"Yes, I have just ..... butter. Could a. must and asked us to wait patiently.'
you please buy some for me?" b. ought a. isn't arriving
a. put aside c. need b. has not anived
b. get rid of d. have c. does not arive
c. run out of d. will not arrive
d. given off 62. "Andy feels ill today."
"That doesn't surprise me. 69. "Why are you here so earhvince?"
55. Because Brian's family owns a He ...... so much food at the "Because my mother asked me
bakery, he eats............ bread. party last night." ............. late to pick her up."
a. a lot of a. shouldn't eat a. not being
b. many b, shouldn't have eaten h. not be
c. few c. couldn't have eat c. to not be
d. lots d. mustn't eat d. not to be

56, The music was played so loudly 63. Mom wakes up early ....... the
at the party that Sara has morning to make us breakfast
developed .... a painful headache. before we go to school.
a. hardly a. on
b. quite b. at
c. most c. in
d. very d.bv

57. Jill never diets and yet she is 64. What is the point....... your car
the ............... girl in her class. on a day that rain has been
a. thinnest forecast?
b, more thin a. for washing
c. thinner b. to washing
d. most thin c. to wash
d. in washing

100
r,lffi rtl
rammar
70. We barely.............. each other. 77. If I........you, I wouldn't spend so 84. "Did you get everything taken
We just met this moming. much time in front of the lelevision. care of in the city?"
a, to know a. am "No, I went early to avoid
b. know b. were traffic but the office isn't open
c. do we know c. would be ............ 10:00 so I 1eft."
d. are we knowing d. have a. before
b, later
71. "I'm sorry for the interuption, 78. Your hair looks beautiful. c. soonel
but could we please ........,..... Hilary. ......... so thick and long d. than
with our discussion?" a. It he
a. carry on b, Them are 85. "Will you come back here again
b, put on c, They are next summer?"
c. let on d. It is "Probably not. because T .............
d. set on of going back to school."
79. After working all day today, a. think
72. We asked them to move thet car. I............ too tired to help you b. will think
We spoke kindly and were polite. move furniture tonight. c. thinking
We explained the problem. ........., a. am being d. am thinking
il is against rhe law to park there. b. would being
a. Whatever c. will be
b. Furthermore d. will have been
c. Yet
d. As a result E0. "Which would you rather watch; EXAM TIPS & SIBAIEGIES
a comedy or a tragedy?"
73. The alarm clock rang loudly; "Act ually. T u ould prefer .......... / be
"UseA +o used +o"
the girl stayed in bed a thriller." UseA to a^d be !€ed
+o ofreh c.n-
and slept all day. a. to watch fu5e srqdehrs and a.e .ee,,larty
a. consequently b. watch tes+ed ih rhe 9rah1ha. sectio^,
b. therefore c, watching for W" ".. ""sed +o" when we wan+ +o
c, as a result ralL 6to.r ..,^.rhi"9 -hi.h
d. having watched occ*teA,es"loAy ih rhe pasr bqr
d. nevertheless
81. Those cowboys care about their "o lo,.s.r.cc"rs.
l,le "sed t. g. oh.a,nFihg
74. ............... who eatjunk food and horses' lives more than they care h.lidays Nhe4 we we,e youns,
don't exercise are overweight about ....... lives. J used t. ^,alk t. schoot .vely
and unhealthy. a. there
a. They b. they're
b. Them Jf yo" dte "used +o doine some-
c. theirs y"" o.e accuslohed ro
+hing",
c. Those d. their own Jolng i+.
d. Theirs J doh t )qtnd wolkthq latet J h1
82. "How was the physics test you
75. My nickname is Duck because took. Steve?" le.te at. used t. havihs l.rs o{
I used to ................. ducks in "Oh, it really was ........... I had visito/s oh Suadays
the park when I was a baby. expected."
a, chasing a. easy from
b, chase b. the easiest
c, chased c. much easier than
d. have chase d, more easier than
76. I don't mind .................. you, 83 ........ is not permitted during
Pam, but you have to try a little the exam.
bit harder yoursell a. To speak
a. helping b. Speaking
b. to help c. Speak
c. will help d. The speaking
d. to can help

E[
 iti

test
t

i ocabulary

86. The ......... acrobat risked his 93. The ......... in the newspaper was 100. ......... to the magazine get a
life with every stunt. about the war. large discount in price.
a. dadng a. forehead a, Viewers
b, cautious b. foreground b. Subscribers
c. newous c. headline c. Spectators
d. scared d. headboard d. Audiences

87. Remove the .......... from your 94. $100 for a blanket! Don't you 101. You failed to ....... that earlier.
new clothes before you wear think that it is ... ... ..... ? It may have made a difference
them. a. undervalued to my decision.
a, shoes b. overpriced a. yell
b. collars c. on the average b. stammer
c. buttons d. out of date c. object
d. labels d. mention

88. The doctor performed.... to 95. I have been......... on this 102. The ......... are at the top of the
repair the patient's heart. problem for days, but car't seem test. Please read them first.
a. settlement to find the answer. a. manuals
b. surgery a. demonstrated b. plans
c. removal b. banged c. organizations
d. examination c. fell d. instructions
d. focused
89. He s very ......... uith his monel. 103. Where did you leam to ...,.. a
He is always willing to help 96. After being caught out in a crane?
someone out in need. storm, my clothes were ...... a, operate
a. stingy a. dry b. advance
b. generous b. clean c, progress
c, protective c. pressed d. seize
d. lucrative d. soaked
104. She exceeded all of my......
90. Don't ........ Sharon; she has 97, I am .... beyond a doubt that she when I met her. I was happily
a lot of talent. committed the crime. surprised.
a. cancel a, convinced a. expectations
b. manipulate b. used b. aspirations
c. underestimate c. restless c. intentions
d. despair d. uneasy d. wishes

91. ...... the balloons and then pick 98. The people paid ...... to their 105. Morris was a(n) ....... political
up the cake for the pafiy. king for being such a great leader leader in his youth. He got
a, Cut down a. disrespect aflested all the time.
b. Fall out b. timing a. quiet
c. Run out c. tdbute b. discreet
d, Blow up d. harmony c, radical
d, eventual
92. Why are you ........... as a nurse? 99. The ...... of the trip says that we
I didn't recognize you. will have lunch every day at noon.
a. disguised a. menu
b. delegated b. itinerary
c. looked c. output
d. discarded d. likelihood

E
UIJL,IhUl;TU +

v ocabular

106. Maureen is a child .......... 111, The map will ...... you to the 116. The medicine ...... my terrible
She graduated from college at correct building. cough and sore throat.
the age of 10. a. show a. fixed
a. idiot b. illustrate b. cured
b. prodigy c. developed
c. direct
c. minor d. worsened
d. stem
d. total
ll7. Your ......... to the project
112. Don't ... what you can do today. was a key to its success.
107. The entire southern ....... of the
a. take on a. detdment
country was devastated by floods
b, put away b. damage
a. terrace
b. tube c. put off c. remote
c. summit d. tum off d. contribution
d. region
113. The workers at the plant are 118. After swimming across the
108. The political party . . .. .... in protest of poor working river, I was .......... for air.
literature all over the city conditions. a. looking
a. protected b. gasPing
a. employing
b. inquired c. drinking
b. striking
c. distributed d. searching
c. breaking
d, saved
d. dropping ll9. Please don't ........ when you
109. No more .......... ;when are speak. It is difficult to
you going to finish cleaning I14. The ... was a veD sad occasion. understand you.
your room? a. Party a, articulate
a. reasons b. funeral b. speculate
b. excuses c. graduation c. mumble
c. information d. celebration d. Yell
d. reflexes
115. The scientist......... his study for 120. His extravagant ............ cost
110. On Friday nights, many peoPle him a great deal of money.
decades.
...... to right clubs. a. impression
a. researched
a. go out b. expression
b. won
b. visit c. Iifestyle
c. carried d. balance
c. dance
d. invented
d. Iet loose

1. J 9o 1o rhe the-rr.
EX,EM TIPS & STRAIEGIES
2, She se""'"'o llra, y6u a,c 90r\o
Fixed Phrase i +. give her a 1.1,.
F x.J ph"..". are phrases +har use a Pa/ I

+i. la/ cohL,ihalloh "f '",."d. ."d whi"h i he's qetllng slronger, 6urt ]i
.o"".t {,. olt"n"d. !
will roke- - l.^s +i^. f."him to c."rpl.tely
Us. the fked phr^ses bel.w t. conplet. !
I 5. J anr not qoiLrg to eal any
f tom +ime +o time f.",. *w * i ".."..h"."1.i".
for rhe ii'he beihg 6y .ll means I 6, Ben wrll ..,,.. .^a +.[" ". h"^., l,"r
b- ^^aej t^e impression li+rl. 6y lit+|. i we u,iTl have fo walt he.e,
I

Ilot
 ,.. firt

5 D
Part 1

This passage is about computers graphics,

fu computers have become pow- 121. According to the piece,

erful tools for the rapid and eco- a. images can now be generated inexpensively.
nomical production of pictures, b. new graphics software has been invented
computer graphics has emerged as in the last decade.
one of the most rapidly growing c. new! more powerful computers were needed
fields in computer science. lt is for the production of new computer graphics.
used routinely in such diverse
} d, images can only be produced by specific computers
areas as business, industry art,
government, education, research,
I 122. One of the main advantages of computer
training and medicine. graphics is that
a. art images are now produced in just a few hours.
One of the initial uses of computer graphics, and ultimately its b. designers can test their designs before production.
greatest use, has been as an aid to design, generally referred to c. computer graphics software is easy to leam.
as computer-aided design (CAD). One of its greatest advantages d. designers don't need to know how to draw.
is that designeB can see how an object will look after construc-
tion and make changes freely and much more quickly than with 123. A big advantage of computer graphics for
hand drafting. For three-dimensional rendering of machine parts, designers is that they can
engineers now rely heavily on CAD. Automobile, spacecraft, a. work on lots oiprojects ar lhe same rime.
aerospace and ship designers use CAD techniques to design b. get someone else to do their work.
vehicles and test their performance. Building designs are also c. see what their project will look like
created with computer graphics systems. Architects can design a when it is finished.
building layout, create a three-dimensional model, and even go d. produce lots of charts and graphs for repo s
for a simulated "walk" through the rooms or around the outside
of the building. 124. Computer graphics
a. are lever used to produce cost models
Business graphics is another rapidly growing area of computer b. cannot usually be used for business.
graphics, where it is used to create graphs, charts, and cost c. are also used for business.
models to summarize financial, statistical, mathematical, scientific d. can orly be used by engineers.
and economic data. fu an educational aid, computer graphics can
be used to create weather maps and cartographic materials. 125. What can computer art be applied to?
Computer art also has creative and commercial art applications, a. creative work only
where it is used in advertising, publishing and film productions, b, commercial work only
particularly for computer animation, which is achieved by a c. both creative and commercial work
sequential process. d. advertising and publishing work only

104
 #*f
Irt
This passage is about poyerty.
M iil
R
k* a a

We often associate poverry with

far-flung places in the so-called
'third world', and it took many
westernized countries a long time 126. How are sustainable growth and poverty related?
to admit that they, too, had seri- a. If poverty decreases, growth rates will fall.
ous problems with poverty on b. If the poverty rate goes up, growth becomes more
their own doorsteps. ln the past, some tovernments even likely.
tried to brush the problem under the carpet, But today,
c.If poverty increases, growth rates rise as well.
thank{ully, we acknowledge the issue and try to deal with it
d. A reduction in poverty levels will result in more growth
constructively; the only problem is, eliminating poverty has
proved to be a hard task.
Failure to achieve sustainable growth is one of the key 127, What is likely to threaten effo s to end poverty in the
reasons why poverty still exists. Growth and poverty are future?
very closely related, Unless sustainable growth is seen, it is a. falling population levels
difficult for those under the poverty line to escape from b. less food will be produced
their situation as opportunities are few and usually taken up
c. rising prices and overpopulation
by the more advantaged elements of society. Similarly, if we
d. a lowering of living standards
do succeed in reducing the level of poverty, this typically
signals rapid economic growth. ln short, in order to eradicate
poverty, we must promote trowth, and when we start to 128. According to the article, how do governments try to deal
succeed in reducing poverty levels, growth rates will rise even with poverty?
quicker - it is an economic no-brainer; growth helps reduce a. by providing coupons that can be exchanged for food,
poverty and reduced poverty leads to more growth.
and unemployment benefits
Over the coming years, a serious threat to efforts to
b. by distributing free food to the poor
eradicate poverty will be food shortages. Populations
around the world continue to grow and this is puftint c. by helping the unemployed to find work
pressure on the world's finite natural resources. Food d. by significantly raising the level of unemployment
prices have risen considerably over the past few decades benefits
and will continue to do so. This is fine for most people so
long as the standard of living and wages improve at a simi-
129. What does the writer suggest should be done to help end
lar pace. But for the poor it represents an even greater
poverty?
struggle to survive. They rely on government handouts -
a. provide retraining for all poor people
food stamps, for example; coupons which can be
exchanted for food. Unemployment benefit is another b. help those who try to make a contdbution to society
huge help, but as inflation rises, and benefits do not rise at c. provide higher amounts of unemployment benefits
a similar rate, it becomes harder and harder to maintain a d. retrain the unskilled and put those with problems in
decent standard of living. Besides, the state can no longer recovery plograms
afford to subsidize the poor in the current economic cli-
mate - it is in its interests to help them escape from their
130. What is this text mainly about?
poverty trap instead.
And this is where a change of policy is needed; we need to a. the way rich people deal with poverty
empower the poor; give them the skills to fight their way b. the problems caused by a lack of natural resources
out of the trap. Money should be invested into retraining c, ways to generate sustainable growth
for those who lack skills that would make them employ- d. strategies for reducing the level of poverty
able, and rehabilitation for those whose personal issues,
such as drug or alcohol addiction, make their contribution
to society meaningless. lf we give them the skills and sup-
port to recover and climb out of the poverty trap, there
may be hope for a brighter future for us all.

105
 ':, ft l,

5 i

Letter to the
Rain water EI Chemistry Research lnstitute
When it is pure, rainwater is
Dear Reseorchers of the Chemistry Reseorch fnstitute,
Iike pudfied water. It does
not have liquified carbon I'm writing to discuss lhe effects of ocid roin on vorious
dioxide in it. It is neutral I noturol formotions ond humon constructions. You moy nee
with a pH of 7. If the pH rb these notes for the forthcoming conference.
level is above 7- it is consid- *E

ered to be basic. ard if it is First, when ocid roin folls on on oreo, the essentiol nutri-
below 7, it is considered to be acidic in nature enJs of the soil ore tqken owoy ond oluminum is releosed
which couses the deoth of vorious plonts no longer oble to
As lain falls lrom the clouds. particles suspended in the suck up woter ond nutrients from the soil. Also, the min-
air are dissolved into it. These substances include dust. erols ond metols of the soil come in contoct with qcid roin
pollen grains and carbon dioxide (CO2). CO2 unites ond this produces hormful chemicol reoctions which leod
io soil erosion. The microorgonisms of the soil, which
with water to form carbonic acid H2CO2. It is a weak
enrich the soil nutritionolly, ore olso bodly offected, fur-
acid. It brings down the pH of the water to between 6.0
ther inhibiting the growih of plonts.
and 5.2. With such pH levels rain water is acidic, but not
dangerously so. Moreovet , the high omounts of sulfuric cnd nitric ocid in
ocid roin ore obsorbed by oquotic life. These hormful
The problem occurs when rainwater combines with ocids form a kind of mucus in the onimols'gills, ond do not
gaseous oxides of sulfur and nitrogen acid mists. ollow them to breothe oxyqen or obsorb other nutrients
These reduce the pH level to between 5.6 and 3.5. ond solt. Not only ore oguatic species bodly offecled by
these hormful chemicol depositions in their bodies, but so
ore the humons who consume them.

Letter to the Finolly, ocid roin domoges gloss windows, corrodes metol
ond couses point to discolor. An exomple of lhese elfecls
Chemistry Research lnstitute at work con be seen on lhe focode of the Toj Mohol in
To: the Chemistry Reseorch fnstitufe Indio. Acid roin hos corroded its morble wolls ond pillors.
From: Dr Jones, ossistont researcher in the f hope I hove 6een of ossislance,
Chemistry Reseorch Institute Foye J ones
Re The couses of ocid roin

Introduction
The couses of ocid roin ore various ond they one
considered to be onthropogenic. Suggested Solutions
Humon Activities
Burning fossil fuels is the main source of the ocid
. Utilize fuels that burn more cleanly or burn fossil
gases which combine with woter molecules in the fuels more efficiently.
oir to produce ocid roin. Industriol octivity ond . Attach devices known as'scrubbers'to the chimneys
tnansportotion vehicles ara lorgely responsible.
of industrial power plants, which decrease the
For instance, the burning of fossil fuels in vehicles
amount of sulfur produced in the smoke by 80-95%.
and foctorias, ond the processing of crude oil
occounts for 70% of the odditionol sulfur dioxide o Vehicles and cars must be made to comply with very
content present in the air. Naarly 75% of oxides of
tight and efficient emission standards. By inserting
nitrogen ore released in the some way. Acid rain is catalytic converters into the exhaust pipes the
just os common in oreos with less pollution os tha amouut of sulfur dioxide will be reduced.
chemicols involved ore so light fhot they can eosily
6e carried by the wind fo for off places.
Conclusion
A belter understanding of the couses of acid roin
should moke it possible to find a riore effective
solution within o shorter timeframe.

E
 ,I
rE,ld inu

Questions 131-132 refer to section A. 137. What is NOT mentioned as being damaged by acid rain?
l3L When is rainwater like purified water? a, painted sudaces
a. When the pH level is basic. b. glass windows
b. When no carbon dioxide is dissolved in it. c. metal surfaces
c. When the pH level is acidic. d. wooden surfaces
d. When the carbon dioxide liquified in it is neutral.
Question 138 refers to section D.
132. What is carbonic acid H2CO2? 138. What is the main purpose ol this section?
a. a strong acid that is formed by combining dust and a, to outline possible ways to tackle the problem
water b. to explain some causes of acid rain
b. an acid comprised of carbon dioxide and water c. to describe the effects of acid rain
c. an acid that makes the pH of the water increase d. to define acid rain
d. a dangerous acid
Questions 139-140 refer to two or more sections.
Questions 133-134 refer to section B. 139. Which sections include information about the roles of
133. What are we told about the relationship between human vehicles and industry in relation to the acid rain problem?
activities ard acid rain? a,AandB
a. Around'70Vo of acid rain is the result of human b.BandD
activities. c.CandD
b. Acid rain is found only in areas with industrial pollution. d.AandC
c. The burning of fossil fuels for industrial purposes is a
significant factor in producing acid rain. 140. In which section(s) can we find a detailed description of
d. The processing of crude oil accounts for about what acid min consists of and when it becomes
90% of all atmospheric pollution. dangerous to our health?
a,A
134. What does the writer imply in the Human Activities b.BandD
section? c.D
a, Wind is a major factor in creating acid rain. d.CandD
b. Acid rain can fall pretty much anl.rvhere.
c. Acid rain is more common in areas which experience
high winds.
d. Areas of less pollution tend not to be affected
by acid rain.

Questions 135.137 refer to section C.

135. How is soil damaged by acid rain?
a. Important soil nutrients are lost.
b. The soil's minerals and metals cause erosion.
c. Plants cannot release water which causes erosion.
d. Tiny microorganisms enrich the soil with nutrients

136, How is aquatic life affected by acid rain?

a. Chemicals are deposited which help to revive aquatic
species.
b. Harmful acids attack and damage the animals, gills.
c. The aquatic animals absorb excessive amounts of salt.
d. The aquatic auimals' gills are not able to function
properly.

@
 al,;,. . -
I
t: lI
1.,
& y'a,

ri'

.
How to choose an
Advertising Agency E Advertising techniques

Begin your search by making a list ofthe ones that have I use it. rou use it:
done well in the industry your business is in. Look at the Here the 'I' is a famotrs
kind of work they have done up to now and see how pe$on and not jL6t any
successful they have been in their past assignments for old someone, lt is the
other businesses. endorsemefit ol loltr
S,rlc
prodLrct or seruice bf- a
. Arrange a meeting, ask about the experience the famo us pers o naliry, that
advertising team has and request to see samples of their will make it look more
past work. attt active to potentlal
cltstomers.
. Call previous customers to get a picture of how the
agency made a difference to their profits. Plain Okl l'olks
The idea behind this technique is that your product or
Tell them to prepare a sample advertisement; that is, a service is seen being used by someone comp etely
'dummy' strategy for your business. You can then select ordinary, leading a norma ife and doing normal
the one that impresses you most. things. The customer can identify with the person in
the advertisement and so is more inclined to use the
. ln the end, before signing with a particular agency, check product or service.
how much they charge. Negotiate the fees and pay on
completion. IIumor Me Please
The objective of this technique is to make the ad
memorable and funny. lt remains etched in the
minds of potential customers because of the
humor, even if there is not much information
about the producl or service.
fil r rom: Appre Tree aovertrsrng agcncl
LI To: Manager ol the restaurant Esperia
Re: How can organizations benefit from advertising.
Introduction
The benefits of advertising as a method of promoting a ) Advertising Media
product or a serr'ice are numerous.
DeYelop Brand Identity
. Print Advertising: Advertisint in newspapers
and magazines.
By advertising you are allowing people to learn about your
business and thus creating awareness about what you offer.
. Digital Media Advertising: This involves
In this way, consumers remember and recognize you, and
know what is available out there. advertisint on television, digital signs and radio
etc.. Which format you choose - TV or radio -
Reach a large audience quickly
Whatever means of advertising you choose, you can expect will depend on the content of your ad and your
budget.
to reach a large audience in a very short space of time, If
you advertise in a newspaper, it is its large readership that
. lnternet Advertising: This usually includes
will be introduced to the service you offer. Likewise, on
radio or television a large Iistenership or viewership is guar- advertising by way of emails as well as placing
adverts on various internet sites.
anteed,
Eye-catching, hard-to-ignore branding
Advertising is very hard to ignore these days. While a flyer ' Leaflets: These are usually placed inside a
newspaper or magazine, or delivered door-to-
can be thrown away and an email can be deleted, arl inter-
esting advert on the internet or in a newspaper rarely goes
door by post or hand so that they can reach a
unnoticed. By adding color, motion andr/or humor to your wide audience,
advertisement, you can expect it to generate a lot of interest.
Conclusion
Advertising is a great tool when used wisel1, and can be
exactly what gives your business an edge over competitors.

108
rE,rdin

Questions 141-142 refer to section A.

141. How should you begin your search for an Advertising 147. What other advertisingtechdque is considered successful?
Agency? a. adding a touch of humor to youl advertisement to
a, by asking people you know for recommendations make it stand out more in people's minds
b. by looking at projects the agencies are currently b. making your product or service look silly or ridiculous
working on c. making your product or service look very ordinary
c. by preparing a list of the agencies other businesses and common
have used d. using very ordinary and plain old people to promote
d. by making a list of successful agencies operating in your product
your industry
Question 148 refer to section D.
142. Wher choosing an Advertising Agenry you should NOT 148. What is the main purpose of section D?
a. select the 'dummy' strategy that impresses you the a. to promote certain types of advertising
most b. to analyse and critique different advertising media
b. ask about the expertise of the advertising team c. to suggest the most effective form of advertising
c. pay the fees in advance once agreed d. to describe different ways of advertising
d. contact previous customers
Questions 149-150 refer to two or more sections.
Questions 143-145 refer to section B. 149. Which sections provide information on methods used to
143. What is the main purpose of section B? make ads more successful?
a. to describe how a restaumnt will be promoted a.AandB
b. to outline the benefits of advertising to a potential h-CandB
customer c.CandD
c. to recommend the most effective ways of advertising d.AandD
d. to promote a restaurant through advertising
150. What should the manager of the Esperia restaurant ask
144. When you develop brand identity the team at Apple Tree agency to do in order to help
a. you laise awareness of your business and what it does. him decide whether or not to choose the agency to create
b. you remind customers about your bfand. his advertising campaign?
c. you become more aware of what sort of products to a. to send emails to their previous clients advertising
offer. the restaurant.
d. you become a more recognizable public figure. b. to prepare a 'dummy' strategy to provide a sample
of their work
145. Which of these ads is most likely to be noticed? c. to ask them if they are willing to negotiate fees and
a. a colorful, humorous email accept payment in advance
b. a flyer thrown the way of the customer d. to call rheir previous customers to get \ome pictures
c. an eye-catching and humorous short online video of their previous work.
scene
d, a two-color flyer inside a newspaper

Questions 146-147 refer to section C.

146. What is the'I use it, you use it' technique?
a. a way of encouraging famous people to buy your
product
b.using a famous person to promote your product
c. getting attractive people to promote your product
d.getting normal people to advertise your product

Iq
 te.st 5
riting
Paragraph Bu il d I n I
This unit looks at combining preamble and topic sentences.

We hove olreody procticed enough on the wriiing of topic senlences. However, if you refer bock to unit 2 you will remember thot lhey con
often be occomponied by on initiol sentence. ln writing, these ore somelimes coled preomble senlences. Reod the definilion below:
"A preamble aetrtence oflen cofieo aL the beqinrinO of a ?araTra?h an+ lhe idea of the tollowinq r'axl' Howwe\
the tea er i6 not ueually able Lo tell wh& abecl,ion rhe paralraph i6 ^i'/eo lhe function of lhe to?ic senLence'"
ie^eneral
^oin4i't'hie

TASK A pre-wririnsActivity TASK B Pre-writinsActivitv

6 Bead the following pairs of sentences and A The following sentences are in the wrong order.
decide which of the two, are topic sentences Put them into the correct order to form a
and which are preamble sentences. coherent paragraph, identifying what the role
of each sentence is lpreamble sentence, topic
sentence, explan-ation, examples, final sentence.l

1 A lt is aFact that nowadays animals ale used in medical

experiments.
E Monkeys are often used as they have many 1. lt has ur-e_Lqtqre
been claimed that watching programs
advantageous similarities to humans. about crime and violence may cause children to copy
what they see.
2 ,'. Th. gou"rnr.nt of each country must take decisive
action to help those who are on the streets before the 2. Al9q, police have reported an lncrease in the nurnber of
problem gets even worse. teenagers steallng cars, after the plot of the latest hit
r: Homelessness is a problem that is seen increasingly in road movies.
cities all over the develoPed world.
3. Television can be an excellent source of educatlon and
entertainment.
3 A Clobalization has led to closer understanding between
cultures and cooperation among nations. 4. Qolseguentlv, it is hard to deny that there is some link
E However, it has been claimed by doctors that global between what young people watch and do.
trade also causes viruses and bacteria to spread
around the wolld within hours. 5. !lS*gu.f, there is a clear danger that children may be
iffluenced negatively by watching too much TV.

6. Such an example is of two young boys in New York

who were badly cut with knives; copylng the way they
had seen their Hollywood heroes fighting in action movies

E
"#r
it in L*
W a

Use musl in affirmative sentences and can't in ne0ative sentences to express deduclion.

\t\rnting
musvcan't + present inlinitive express a reasonable conclusion about the pJ.e!e!t or the future
He must be at home now. He must be watching TV
He can't be at work now. He can't be sleeping, it's too early.

musvcan'l + perlecl inlinitive express a reasonable conclusion about the paqt:

He must have been at work at 2 o'clock. He can't have been at home.
He must have been driving very fast. He can't have been wearing the safety belt.

Use may and mighl to express possibility (might expresses more doubt than may)

may/mighl + present inlinitive express a possibility about the present or the future:
She may/might come with us to the party. She may/might be studying at the moment

mayimight + perfecl intinitive express a possibility about the paqt:

She maylmight have missed the bus. She maylmight have been tryint to contact us.

Writing Tips
E Give clear indications of the development of your
arguments with words such as:

TASK C Writing Practice

olthough, but, whot's more, lhus, therefore

6 Now write youn own paragraph of approximately E Rememberthat in the ECCE exam you only have half
an hour to write your answer.
five sentences on one of the following themes:
Practice writing as many times as possible while
remembering the lime limil. When writing at home,
D the worst noturol disoster in my country avoid using a dictionary and do not let anyone disturb
you. I\ilost importantly, give yourself only 30 minutes.
D the most imporlont invention of the lost cenlury Practicing like this will eventually boost your confidence,
D the risks of drinking too much and will prepare you well for the exam day.

Certain verbs can be lollowed by either a GERUND or an INFINITIVE:

i begin, statt: lt suddenly started raininB/to rain. (no differcnce in meoning)

slop, remember:
He stopped smoking. (First he smoked then he stopped.)
He stopped to smoke. (He stopped whot he wos doinE in order to smoke.)
He remembers paying that bill. (He remembers now thot he poid the bill.)
He remembered to pay the bill. (First he remembered then he poid.)

iii like / love / hate i enioy / preler + gerund express general preference:
I love swimming. I hate waking up early.
would + like / love / hate / enioy / pleler + to-infinilive express specilic preference
I would like to watch that film. We would prefer to stay at home tonight.
 :-:F

test 5
riting
Read the following news item from a local newsPaPer which is part of an interYiew taken from a disabled traveler.
Then, do either task A or task B. For task A you will write a letter. For task B you will write an essay. Do only ONE
of these tasks. Your writing will be graded on how fluently and clearly you can exPress your ideas in English.

q You wi I have 30 minutes to

write your etter or essay.
S YoL may make an out ine or Wheels in motion
notes n your test booket f you impossible in others. Some air-cariers discouragc peo-
w sh but yolr out ine w I fot fl-l r \eliag i. a lu\urr dlmo.l denleJ lo mc. I
ple in \rheelchairs from traveling. Others require that
count toward your score. I nave Lrareled hoLh d,
"n
ablc-hod:cd \ourh
disabled passengers travcl lvith an escort. Car hire
s You w I not be graded of the I .nu in u \r'Lelc air.A'...srblcotrare'er.
companies olfering suitablJ adaptcd !ehicles are very
appearance of yoLrr paper, but the inconveniences and irritations of travel have
few. Traiis. buses and taxis are virlually unusable.
your handwr tlng must be readab e become nightmarish. Over 2094 oI lhe world's popula
Thev either hale Iimitcd or no facilities at all. I have
You may change or correct yo!r tion sullers lion some kind of disabilit): manv pcople
,,.r( L,(- impti.un(.ib\ ..rcUm.r'rnc(r. \,'meli-('
wr t ng, but you shou d not recopy are colfined to whcelchairs. Although progress has
the whole essay.
nv rcquests for assistance received no attention what-
been made in catering for their needs, travel is stilj an
s Use your own words as n]uch
obstacle course, difiicult in some countries. almost
socver: at other times. people hoistcd mc and my chair

as poss b e. Do not copy a ot to [here I needed to go without a \rord of comp]aint.

from the article given be ow.

A l-e+ter
A Write a letter to the editor oI the newspaper explaining the measures you would take, if you were in a position of authority, to
make traveling for disabled people easier and more comfortable.

B €ssay
B What are, in your opinion, the problems disabled people are faced with? What are the measures you could propose to make
them feel a valuable pad of society rather than leeling not cut off from il?

Task A: ModerLetter Task B: ModetEssay

Deor 5irlModom,
There ore two moin obstocles thot the disobled hove
I strongly believe thot the disobled are nol cotered lor to foce in lheir doily life. The first is thot of procfi-
col, physicol problems such os using public tronsport or
well enough in our modern society. The problems thot they
entering some buildings, ond the second ond just os
foce are bad enough, without governments treoting them
importoni is lhe ottiJude thot people hove towords
like second-closs citizens.
them.
All public tronsport should be occessible to disobled peo-
ple as should oll public buildings ond ploces of entertoin-
It is cruciol for governments, orchitects ond design-
ers to spend more time researching the physicol needs
ment, such os cinemos, theoters ond restouronts. The gov-
ernment should subsidize toxi drivers who ore willing to of disobled people.Ihe ideol woy to do this would be
odopt their vehicle lo corty people who use o wheelchqir. to hove os mony disobled people os possible working on
Anolher huge problem is the ottitude of the general pub- such prolects os they truly undersiond these needs.
lic towords disoblad people. I think the govarnment should In oddition Jo this, the stigmo otfoched to disobility
needs lo 6e removed. This con only be done through
lounch o new oworeness compoign to educote peoPle os to
how they can ossist disobled people. This could loke the
educotion. Disobled people hove os much lo offet socie-
form of educotion in schools ond o mcss hedio compoign.
ty os other people. One could even orgue thot they
To conclude, I would like to soy thot if disobled people moy hove more lo offe. as they hove hod fo build o
were t?eoted with more tespect snd considenotion by sfrong chqrocJer to deol with the everydoy problems
everyone, they would be more oble to moke the voluoble that they foce.
To sum up, one could soy thot things ore improving for
contribution to society that they truly hove to offer.
Yours foithfully, disobled people but there is still o lot of work to be
done.

@
 *
f !

Me
peaking
CHOOSING THE RIGHT PET

Stage 1
. What is your name?
. How old are you?
. Where are you from?
o Can you tell me something about yourself?
o Do you work or are you a student?
o How long have you been studying English?
. How important is English for your future work? ,il
. Have you ever been to an English'speaking country?

I
Stage 2
Situation: Your friend wants to get a pet and needs your advice
on what to choose.

First: You should look at the pictures below and ask:

. What are the options?
. What is the advantage to each option?
. What is the disadvantage to each option?
,,<
Stage 3
Then: When you have alL the information you need, explain what you've
decided. Be ready to explain your choice. Remember to use informat on
,x' \
you learned from asking questions to explain your Jinal choice.

Stage 4
Finally, after you have shared your decision, you will be asked more
-<d
questions about the topic.

Useful Expressions
Giving reasons/examples
Expressing an opinion
.
.
.
lf lwere you, I'd tell her........
First, you should explain to her how .......
Well, I think it would be best for her to ...
o
.
There are several reasons why
I think

t0 .......
it's a good thing for him
because.......
ri
a For examp e/For instance,.....

F13
 test
ffirug Dort I
1
EXAM TIPS &
STRATEGIES
r994 1996 2000 Jn l,.rh Par+ One and
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2 rhar in Pa.t One, rhe
disrroci.rs roke rh. f..6
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A B C
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A B c
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23

a, l.l_l

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24

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118
li:;trn in
Dort 2 L ist enin t
ln this port of the test, you will heor four shorl folks. After eoch tolk, you will heor some questions dbout il.
Before eoch tolk begins, you will hove time lo preview the questions thot ore printed in the test booklet.

. Reod the questions silently.

. Then lislen to the tolk, You con toko notes in the booklet.
. Then listen to eoch question ond choose lhe besl onswer from the onswer choices.
. Mork your onswers on the seporole onswer sheef. You should mork A, B, C, or D,

There ore o totol of 20 questions obout the lour shorl tolks,

Questions 3l-35
Lookot the questions. Then lislen to o golf inslruclor tolking to o NOTES
new ployer obout the gome.

31. What does the speaker say about goll bags?

a. Buy an inexpensive one to start with.
b. lt is better to carry your bag around the course
c. Use a trolley instead of a bag if you can.
d. Heavy bags tend to be less expensive,

32. What happens if you carry too many clubs in your bag in competition?
a. You will either be penalized or disqualilied.
b. You will not be allowed to play goll anym0re.
c. You will not be allowed to play on until the end of your round.
d. You will have to hit an extra shot.

33. What does the speaker advise beginners to do about goli balls?
a. Buy expensive ones for control.
b. only carry a few to reduce bag weight.
c. Buy enough in one go to last a few months.
d. Buy inexpensive ones to staft with.

34. What does the speaker N0T recommend Ior beginner golfers?
a. Use a lightweight baq.
b. Be prepared to play in every type of weather.
c. Carry an umbrella in your bag,
d. Carry rain gear in your bag.

35. What does the golI instructor mean wnen she says: /\ \7
a. Golf is played in a variety of weatl.er conditions.
b. Golfers enjoy playing in bad weather.
c. Golf is played in three types 0l weather conditions.
d. Golfers have no preference jor any particular type of weather.

r
 test 6
istening Dort 2
Ouestions 36-40 Ouestions 4l-46
Look ot the queslions. Then listen to o doctor tolking to o Look ot the questions. Then listen lo o sclenllst
potient. tolking on o rodio show.

36. What does the speaker say about the relationship between 41. What happens when radioactive substances are lransmitted
garlic and heart problems? to plants?
a. Garlic is low in cholesterol. a, It can lead to genetic mutations of the plants' DNA.
b. Garlic can cause aderial stitfness.
h. The plants are not affected.
c. Garlic promotes improved suppleness in blood vessels.
e. Some plants llourish after such exposure.
d. Garlic thickens the blood.
d. S0me plants develop tougher seeds.
37. How is the immune system affected by consuming garlic?
a. Garlic's antioxidants help protect cell membranes. 42. What is true about exposure to radiatjon according
b. Garlic contains a lot of g00d free radicals. to the scientist?
c. Garlic aids the crealion of cancer cells. a. The effects of alpha paticles are the most serious.
d. Garlic destroys dangerous pholochemicals. b. The effects ol gamma rays are the least concerning.
c. The radiation reacts with the ions in the body.
38. How does garlic help with weight loss? d. Reactions in the b0dy cause ions to form.
a. lt helps slow d0wn the body's production of fat.
lr. lt produces fat-breaking lipids.
43. What do free radicals NoT destroy?
c. By simulating the etfects of exercise.
a. proteins
d. By slowing the body's responses down.
b. enzymes
39. What is the main purpose of this talk? c. nucleic acids
a. to promote garlic as a weight loss product d. cell membranes
b. to highlight the dangers of heart attack
c. to explain the benefits of consuming garlic 44. Which system of the body is NoT mentioned as being
d. to explain how garlic benefits the immune system affected by radioactive poisoning?
a. the cardiac system
40. What does the doctor mean wnen fre saVs:() b. the immune system
a. Afreries often go into spasm. c. the neurological system
b. Having more flexible aderies helps prevent arterial spasms
d. the reproductive system
c. Aderial spasms improve the suppleness of arteries.
d. Afteries spasm when they are supple.
45. What can radioactive rays do?
a. produce temporary damage to human DNA molecules
b. cure life{hreatening conditions
c. prevent the groMh of cancer cells
d. seriously harm molecules of DNA

46. Why is the scientist talking on the radio show?

a. to suggest ways to combat radioactive pollution
b. to describe the causes of radioactive pollution
c, to discuss the eflects of radioactive pollulion 0n the
environment and humans
d. to suggest measures for how to protect the environment

NOTES NOTES

E
listen in
ist enin
Drrrt 2 .F
f
a

Ou€stions 47-5O
Look ot the questions. Then listen to o psychologist tolking to o pensioner. NOTES
47. What is NOT mentioned as an advantage of joinino a community group?
a. You can meet new people and make new friends.
b. You can share your experiences.
c. You can meet a counselor.
d. You can speak lreely about your problems.

48. How does the speaker suggest retired people can use their free time in a productive way?i
a. by taking time out to relax :

i,ilixirulhfl;l:ll;',,t:lr,tru*Jdih:t^ i
49. What is the main purpose of thjs lalk?
a. to advise on how to cope with being retired in a positive way
b, to advise on how t0 deal with depression
c. t0 explain the symptoms of retirement depression
d. to encourage people to retire from work

50. What does the scientist mean when he says ()

a You need to travel the world
b There are a lot of exciting opportunilies for you
c Nothing is impossible iI you set your mind to it
d. The possibilities in front of you are limited.

r
 ,P

I
lt Gm"m,mNBBffitr
51. The wind ... the door open for 57. The first cake I ever baked was 63. It's too bad you missed Alex's
half an hour before it hnally broke. .............. than anything I have visit but he came ............you
a. has blown made or bought since then. were sleeping.
b. blows a. most creatiYe a. while
c. is blowing b. the more creative b. during
d. was blowing c. more creative c. through
d. the most creative d. in time
52. If I knew you were coming 58. What really irritates me is that 64. That was a sulprise. I really hadn't
I'd .................... a cake. the Jones are ....... never on time expected....... me to his parq,.
a. baked for our arranged appointments. a. him inviting
b. have baked a. almost b. he to invite
c. to bake b. hardly c. for him to invite
d. baking c. very d. him to invite
d. rather
53. If you don't know what that word 65, "Hasn't Andrew arrived yet?"
means. use a dictionarl and ...,. . 59. She was Iuclry to have lived. Most
"No, can you believe that I .,.
people .... after such an accident.
a. look up it for nearly an hour?"
b. look after it a. were died a. wait
b. should to die b.
c. look it up have been waiting
c. had to die
d. look up to it c. waiting
d. would have died
d. be waiting
54. Jack's father is ............... angry 60. I don't want to nag you but you
and doesn't want to speak to 66. What ......... so good? I feel like
really .........,..... stop smoking.
anyone right now. a. ought I am in The Botanical Gardens
when I am in your house.
a. extremely b. must
c. need a, is smelling
b. so
d. shall b. could be smelling
c. extreme
c. smells
d. much d. has been smelling
61. Now that you've found a new job
you can't possibly come to the
55. "Would you like a cup of coffee, 67. ............ how hard I try, I never
beach tomorrow, .............. you?
sir?" 'No thank you. I prefer seem able to find Jane at home.
a. do
tea,..,..,....,... coffee." a. Even
b. can't
a. rather c. can b. In spite
b. to d. are c. Yet
c. than d. No matter
d. more 62. "We11,how do you rate the
pedormance?" 68. film a list of all
.......... of every
56, If Noir won't stop barking, we "Rarely...... go to the theater so the people who were involved in
.............. to put a muzzle on her I am not an educated cdtic." its making appears.
a. forced a. Ido a. At the end
b. will have forced b, dol b. At last
c. will be forcing
c. I have c. In the end
d. aml d. Eventually
d. will be forced
EXAM TIPS & STRATEGIES
MgPAlS -' M.sr' {.,, deduc+ion
\\/e cah rse mqst + 6e +. express conclasi.^s anJ oss*rprions We ca6 c.hl,ihe a e ca '+/c6uldh? wirh have 6e4"."d
^vs+
f""^ k".*," f..r. (JeJqcriohr. To hake sqch conclqsions/ .the" pe"fecr i^fihlrives +o draw c.nclosi.ns aboar the pas+:
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,,',,sr .,r,',, ,r /or. -S/re'-s .rot I'u: /,.-,." .h.1.tr ),,r.hi.
-q/r. "
122
r,lffi
G lrammar
69. ...... no way I will finish my work 74. Those terrorists were so clever 81. If we................ earlier.
by five, so please go on ahead that finally. special forces ........., we would have found a seat.
without me and I ll join you larer. called in to free the hostages. a. would have come
a. There isn't a. was been b. will have come
b. There won't be b. had to be c. come
c. There can't be c. had be d. had come
d. being
d. There is
75. I am really surp sed that the 82. Of course Kathleen wants that
Muryhys are not here now. long leather jacket. It is.........
They ............ been delayed at one in the store.
home because the streets are a. more glamorous than

N empty today.
a. must have
b. should have
c. can haYe
b. the most glamorous
c. most glamorous
d. more glamorous than all the
d. most likely 83. I'm not sure, but they might
ask you to pay an entrance fee
76. "Have the police recovered
......,. you arrive at the park's
ever')thing that was stolen from
70. There ....... nobody home at your office?" main entrance.
Eric's house when I stopped by "Yes. but it is the confidential a. once
after work last night. information which ....... saved b. in time
a. were in the computer that we are c, on time
b. was worried about." d. as soon
c. has been a. were
d. is h. have been 84. This is the third time you ........
c. has given directions to their house
71. "Haven't you bought your bridal d. was and you still can't find it.
gown yet?" "No, because I a, are being
77. Not only is it cold outside, but it
have two favorites and ,.........
is raining cats and dogs ,............ .
b. being
one will do nicely." a. in addition c. have been
a. both b. as well d. are going to
b. some c. beside
c. either d. and 85, Sleve Saunders.......... to break
d. every the world record but in the end
78. You brought your umbrella, didn't even run his fastest.
72. "Have you left the cupboard ............... you? a. set up
doors open again Anita? a. didn't b. set out
I don't know when you ... never b. did c. set in
c. won't
closing a door or drawer."
d. don't d. set on
a. took to
b. took over 79. You two will have to call a taxi
c. took on because my car is too small
d. took in to fit ........................ .
a. many luggages
73. Make sure you are early for your b. so much luggages
appointment with Mr. Brown c. all that luggage
because he insists............... his d. a lot of luggages
employees being punctual.
a. rn 80. I'm freezing. I turn
b. bv the heater on?
c. on a. Would
d. of b. May
c. Will
d. Do

tl13
 * '!
4

E)(,AM TIPS & STRATEGIES 94. Kevin is in a deep ....... over

the loss of his brother
Compound nouns
a. oppression
Cohpaq^a .". flx.d expressions whlch are '".J. .f ho*e rhah
".*". .r. usually
T\.y
ohe \^/o/.1,
"p uail 6or,
a combina+lon of +rvo noans, e,9, b. sleep
credi+ card 1," *.lot.J to ph"a=al ve"t. e.9. check-.a+, cratLacl<. c. temper
",.c.h
Soneri,res c.".p"",.d noh,1s a.e w.lt+e^ as +wo rvords, cah opehe,/t sobae- d, depression
tihles as ohe *".d' s"nglasses, and sorre+lmes +hey are wrl++en rvi+h a
lyp\en baby-sittet.
95. Did you turn in your job ... yet?
Match the words in A with the words in B to make compound nouns and a. application
then choose an appropriate compound noun to complete the sentences. b. brochure
Ai3 c. complex
1. traffic a. food d. paper
2. junk b. through
3. burglar c. rights 96. Itis way too ............ in here.
4. human d. lights Please tum off the heat.
5- break e. back a. freezing
6. draw f. up b, warm
/. re I. rn c. ftigid
B. hold h. alarm d. cool
9. One of this job is that I have to work every weekend.
10. Stop! Can't you see that the are red? 97. He is quite ...... in the kitchen
11. I love to have a on Sunday mornings He can cook almost anything.
12. You are fat because you eat too much a. untalelted
b. skillful
86. Have you ...... every resource 90. The competition was
c. clumsy
at your disposal? because of rain.
d. unsure
a. multiplied a, postponed
b. utilized b. started
c. integlated c. commenced 98. Did I come at a(n) ...... time?
d. introduced d. endured I can come back later, if you
want.
87. Ken's lack of planning totally 9I. The responsibility for the project a. opportune
......... the future of the project ... to the new manager. b. convenient
a. helped a. differed c, inconvenient
b. furthered b. shifted d. appropdate
c. undermined c. progressed
d. modified d. furnished 99. The police could not ...... all of
the facts about the murder to
88. The company will ......... you for 92. The beautiful sunset ... the the media.
all of your expenses on the tdp wdter to create a book of poetry a. keep
a. reimburse a. made b, haruest
b. determine b. tempted c. gather
c, repeat c. inspired d. disclose
d, overate d. hindered
100. The hostages were ... safely
89. His ability to ......... potential 93. The coach ......... his team for
after the negotiations
problems was his greatest skill. their excellent effort.
a. accumulated
a. estimate a. disrespected
b. regulated
b. anticipate b. impressed
c. privileged
c. cultivate c. imposed
d. subtract d. praised
. d. released

124
t/Llt,Jhu I,l

t ocabula
101. Have you ......... working in the 107. Be careful with that shirt. It is 114. I have made . ..... with the
computer industry? very......... . baby-sitter to watch the kids
a. thought a. sturdy tomorow night.
b. supplied b. delicate a. capacity
c. advised c. original b. ability
d. considered d. decorated c. aIIangements
d. observations
102. The ......... between the two 108. Don't stand too close to the
candidates for president was on ......... of the cliff. 115. The man ...... the false claims
television, a. coast made against him.
a. show b. beach a. accused
b. debate c. beginning b. denied
c. quest d. edge c. accomplished
d, review d. achieved
109. Because of snow all of the
103. Don't spread ......... accusations flights at the airyort were . 116. ......... the meat when one side
about people you don't know. a, on time is cooked.
a. truthful b. intricate a. Turn over
b. false c. delayed b. Spill
c. tlpical d. scheduled c. Grill
d. convincing d. Put out
110. We need to ......... the company
104. You must be ......... in this job. by exploring other types of 117. The carpenter ......... cut the
You have to be able to adapt to business. legs of the table, so he had
different situations. a. limit to fix them.
a. flexible b. diversiff a. correctly
b. rigid c. deport b. unevenly
c, stubborn d. battle c. violently
d. effective d. readily
111. Let me ...... introduce you to
I 05 I am .........by law to park here our new accountant. 118. The violin player.........
a. entitled a. formally everyone in the concert hall
b. permissive b. falsely with her amazing talent.
c. acclaimed c. truthtully a. insulted
d. endangered d. skillfully b. demonstrated
c. rejected
106. The first play was ......... 112. Getting a job allows you to d. impressed
different from the second. the skills you developed in
They were not really related school. 119. The teacher ...... her students
a. nearly a. praise with the enormous amount of
b. remotely b. apply homework.
c. somewhat c. make a, accompanied
d. densely d. share b. overcame
c. overwheimed
113. Joan had ...... surgery to repair d. succeeded
her burns.
a. flattened 120. I cut my finger on the of
b. sharp the rose bush.
c. ste le a. thoms
d. cosmetic b, cells
c. organs
d. roots

r
 1 t1t ti il m GI
F I

This passage is about light pollution.

Light pollution, a term coined by 121. Last summer the two states in the US that irtroduced
astronomers trying to Protect legislation against outdoor lights were
mountaintop telescopes from the a, Texas and Mexico
glare of urban lithts, is fast b. New Mexico and Texas
becoming a national concern. c, New York and Massachusetts
Legislation to reduce night litht is E d. Massachusetts and Texas
pending in four states, including
New York and lvlassachusetts. 122. What or who is Hale-Bopp?
Last summer, Texas and New Mexico introduced tough a, an amateur astrologist
laws to restrict outdoor lights, and just last week officials b. a documentary-film maker
in Fauquier County, Va., joining hundreds of regional c. a publicity company
enforcement efforts, voted in favor of similar restrictions. d. a comet
Even lnuits living more than 300km north of the Arctic
Circle have reportedly begun to complain about the liShts. 123. Maryann Arrien is
a. making a documentary about Hale-Bopp,
Thanks in part to the publicity surrounding Comet Hale- b. making a documentary about light pollution.
Bopp and other celestial events, "litht pollution went from c, a member of the International Dark-Sky Association.
a non-issue to somethint that's on everyone's mind," says d. in the habit of watching the s$,,
Maryann Arrien, a documentary-film maker and an ama-
teur astronomer in Putnam Valley, NY Efforts to reduce 124. How many people have joined the Intemational
light pollution are under way from the Australian Outback Dark-SLf Association?
to Britain's Sherwood Forest, accordint to the lnternational a.70
Dark-Sky Association (l.D.A), which currently boasts 3,600 b. 400
members in 70 countries, whereas its membership barely c. 2000
exceeded 400 in 2000. d.3,600

The lights won't go out without a fitht though. Homeowners 125. What group has surprisingly begun to notice
view brightly lit streets as a crime deterrent and tend to light pollution?
feel more secure when their properties shine like a a, astronomers
Hollywood stage set. And business owners who pump a b. Inuits
lot of money into outdoor signs insist that briShter lighting c, New Yorkers
is frequently all that sets them apart from the comPetition. d, politicians

E
rE,ldin l n

This passage is about space tourism,

R eadin I
Space tourism is the term that's come to be used to mean 126. The phrase 'a fanciful and futuristic idea,
Qnragtaph 1)
ordinary people buying tickets to travel to space and back. is closest in meanilg to
Space tourism was once considered a fan- a. an idea very unlikely to happen in our time.
ciful and futuristic idea - the stuff of sci-
b. an old-fashioned but attractive idea.
ence-fiction - but not anymore .
c. a strange and not very appealing idea.
Nowadays, the Russian Space Agenry
provides relatively low-cost astronaut d, a goal that can be easily achieved.
and space transport facilities, though, as
yet, it is the only organization to do so. 127. According to this passage, space tourism is beginning to
Nevertheless, this is a sure sitn that space tourism is Iinally gather momentum because
starting to gather some momentum, and the reason why this a. there is a lot of public interest.
is happening seems to be because the public wants it to. And b. it has become affordable for the masses.
they are, no doubt, in favor of it for two reasons: first, because
c. it would solve the problem of a lack of space on Earth.
it's the quickest way to start to use the limitless resources of
space to solve the problems on Earth and, more importantly d. people realize that Earth has limited resources and
perhaps, second, because it will be a whole lot of fun! will not be around forever.
However, the current cost per seat on a shuttle craft is far
too high to enable mass space-travel tourism iust yet. 128. From this passage we can underctand that companies
Companies such as Virgjn Galactic and XCOR Aerospace are
such as Virgin Galactic and XCOR Aerospace
among a handful of organizations that are currently in the
a. have sold 5,000 tickets for orbital flights.
process of building spacecraft and selling tickets for suborbital
flights that will allow passengers to see the Earth's curvature b. allow passengers to travel in space cheaply.
and experience weightlessness. But eyen in this scenario c, presently offer an experience in zero-gravity.
when the new crafts are ready, tickets won't come cheap, d. are presently conducting research on
costing ar least $95,000 for a few hours in space. space-transport facilities.
XCOR expects that by the end of next year test flights for
the new Lynx Mark l, a two-seat craft, will have begun. And the
129. According to the passage, which statement is true?
more advanced Mark ll craft may be in commercial service in
a. Spaceport America will have probably produced the
a few years. XCOR's competitor, Boeing, aims to become
'the' commercial airplane manufacturer of choice for space most modern spacecraft by the end of the year.
trayel. lt will either operate its own vehicles when built or sell b, Boeing will soon be the only company offedng
them to other operators to permit commercial access to space. commercial access to space.
Apart from tourists, scientists and cargo will, of course, c. The development of suborbital flights will Iikely
be carried beyond Earth on these new aircraft as well. The
increase the cost of space travel.
level of comfort should equal that of present-day commercial
d. XCOR's craft is due to start test flights by the end of
airliners and the launch of these sub-orbital flights will reduce
the cost of space travel dramatically, next year.
ln the future, it may be possible to visit a hotel in mid-space
and stay in a room with a view of the stars and planets. 130. The writer's main purpose in wdting this passage is
Already, spaceports are springing up around the country Still a. to explain the reasons why space tourism is so
under construction, Spaceport America will be similar to its
expensive.
airport peers with newsstands, gift shops and restaurants, but
b. to discuss the phenomenon of space tourism.
will also have state-of-the-art installations such
as a booth
c. to urge the public to demand more affordable
where visitors can feel weightlessness.
Space travel for the masses is nearly upon us - hold on to commercial space travel.
your hats! d. to describe companies which offer space travel.

W
 test Part 3
D
eading G To; Form Solutions Compony
From: Joke Ddlton, member of the Forming New

tr FARM SOLUTIONS COMPANY

Get the latest in farming technology
. Geographic lnformation Systems
Genet ot ion envi onmenf ol grouP
Re: The disodvonloges of Intensive Forming
Introduction
(GIS), which are state-of-tlte-art, interac- Intensive forming is an ogricul-
tive systems, offer information on soil con- turol system thot oims to gei
moximum yield from the ovoil-
ditions, drainage and slope conditions, soil !l
+-------t oble lond. However. lhe cons of
pH and nutrient status. They offer farmers
(.
t' this system outnumber the pros
control. by predicting essential inlormation.
including the ideal amount of fertilizer Health fssues
which should be used, and estimatirg the By using chemicols ond neglect-
extent of problems likely to be encountered with drainage, insects ing livestock, intensive forming
and rlleeds. These technologies equip farmers with information necessitotes the use of severol
which allows them to increase crop ),ield while following the best types of chemicol feriilizers, Pesticides ond insecti-
environmentai practices. cides. It is olso ossocioted with forming proctices
,t Automated Farm Equipment is more efficient than human- whereby lhe number of livestock kept is obove form
holding copocity, ond this promotes numerous diseoses
controiled equipment ir terms ol consistency and reliability ond infections coused by overcrowding and poor hygiene.
Engine and machine opelations are controlled using microchips
built into the equipment. Guidance technologv is already being Effects on the Environmenf
extensively used in self-propelled equipment to assist in seeding Fo?esls ote destroyed in order to produce lorge open
and fertilizer application. Automated feeding systems, and com- fields which con result in soil erosion. The decimotion of
puterized milk-collection and milking machines have been around the noturol hobitqt of forest sPecies means, ot best,
the onimols hove to relocole ond, ot worst, they ore
since the late 20th century. Automated tractors are probably not
killed. The usage of chemiccl fettilizers Pollutes the
far away. The use of this compute zed machinery could help you soil, os well os locol wetlcnds, lokes ond rivers.
to preempt and counter problems which occur as a result of cli-
mate chaflge. Don't waste any more time - get equipped now! Humon Heolth
Pesticides scallercd on crops not only domoge the croPs
but olso kill insects which benefit the ecosystem. Fruit
ond vegetobles ore covered with invisible pesticides, too.
Ultimofely, these poisonous chemicols ore Possed on to
humons-

D
Deor 5ir/Modom, Conclusion
Unfortunolely, the downsides of intensive forming ore
I om o former ond I would like to let you know about mod- consideroble ond ultimotely result in the endongerment
ern intensive farming techniques. The3e techniques help in of humon heolth.
the production of tie highest yields, but with serious
rePercussions.

To beqin with, in this type of forming, the form operotes Farm Solutions Company
os o foctorv roisinq onimols purelv for their mect, milk os
well os eooi. Dovin; little if irnv oitention to lheir welfare.
ls o conilqlLnte,-the lifespan'of fhese onimols is reduced An aitemative to Intensive Agriculture!
since they ote kepi in closed confined spoces like coges You will not regret reading on!
where lhey become depressed ond ill.
Organic farming can yield crops that
Similqr Droblems beset oouotic form onimols - the cultivo-
tion of iish, shellfish, olqhe and seaweed under controlled are chemical-free. Such food is good
conditions is colled oquoforming. This includes the usoge for human health and brings in more
of tanks or systems thot help io improve productivjty. monev to farmers because tlley can charge a premium
However, overfarming couses widespreod domoge to lhe for this superior organic product. The cost of fertilizers
ecosystem os well os the animols themselves.
is removed and the beneficial insects i[ the soil are pro-
To conclude, even though these intensive forming methods tected due to thc abselce of chemicals.
produce higher yields thon one would naturolly exPect,
they leod to significont negaiive conseguences fot the We will assist you all the way if you decide to embrace
environment on-d the onimais being formed. Thus, we need the concept of organic farming by providing you with
olternotive forhing techniques. f hope you will consider
this ond discouroqe formers who buy form eguipmenl from the most hi-tech equipment.
you from going down the poth toword intensive forming.
Contact us on 020 564783 for more irformation.
Yours,
Timothy Evcns

E
r-EEdinu
R eadin a

Questions 131-132 refer to section A. 137. What are the effects of Intensive Farming on the
131. What do Geographic Information Systems (GIS) NOT environment?
provide their users? a. Farm animals have to relocate and some die.
a. informarion on the soil state b. Large fields are destroyed.
b. an assessment of the likely extent of any weed c. Areas of natural habitat are totally destroyed.
problems d. There is more soil erosion in forests.
c. an assessment of the drainage situation
d. a way to cortrol the insect population of the farmland Question 138 refers to section D,
138. What is the main purpose of section D?
132. Automated Farm Equipment does NOT, for now, include a. to highlight the superiority of organic products
a. compute zed milk-collection machines. b. to encourage farmem to avail of the company,s
b. automated tractors. products and services
c. milking machines. c. to appeal to farmers to adopt better practices
d. machines controlled by microchips. d. to examine the effects of organic farming

Questions 133-134 refer to section B.

133. In factory farming, animals Questions 139-140 refer to two or more sections.
a. haye an extended lifespan. 139. Which sections are trying to persuade readers to buy a
b. have very limited living space. product or seryice?
c. are viewed as more than just 'products' a.AandC
d. are rypically fed meat, milk and eggs. h.AandD
c.BandC
134. What does aquafarming involve? d,CandD
a. extensive reparation of the ecosystem
b. systems that boost aquatic yield production 140. What satislaction would Jake Dalton get from seeing Farm
c. tanks that damage aquatic yield production Solutions Company's advertising strate$/?
d. the development of aquatic species under natural a. It is heavily critical of intensive farming.
conditions b. It encourages larmen to adopt better faming practices.
c. It discourages farmers from using fertilizer products at all.
Questions 135.137 refer to section C. d. It provides technologies which can facilitate more
135. What is the main purpose of section C? effective intensive farming.
a. to highlight the drawbacks of intensive farming
b. to promote the work of an environmental group
c. to provide falmers with information about how
intensive farming can be done more effectively
d, to examine the advantages and disadvantages of intensive
farming

136. Which of these statements is associated with

Intensive Farming?
a. The use of pesticides is moderate.
b. The environmental effect of farm activity is minimal.
c. Hygiere standards are very high.
d. A larger than normal number of animals are kept on
the farm.

IT
 test 6 Part 4
-
eading
To:
JJ|
Lal From:
Re:
The board of Power Company
John Paul, energy-efficiency consultant
Solar and Wind Energy
c Wap to go gr.een at home
Energv Ellicient Homes
lntroduction Switch off the lights when they
Nowadays, it is necessary to turn to more energy- and are not in use, wash clothes in
cost-efficient forms of power like solar and wind energy. cold water as washing
Solar Energy machines consume lots of
The Sun provides a plentiful and free source of energy. The energy on hot cycles. Switch to
energy of the Sun is captured using a solar panel made of sili- energy-saving Iight bulbs - they
con (silicon is mounted under non-reflective glass to create last longer and consume
these panels). The solar panel absorbs sunlight and converts it roughly one quarter of the energy normal bulbs use.
into electrical energy. Solar power does not create any air or
water pollution. The only drawback is that we cannot entirely Greener Shopping
depend on the Sun as a source o{ energy as it does not shine Try to borrow and share books and movies instead of
on cloudy days or at night. buying them. Do not buy bottled water: instead, use
Wind Energy water filte$ to pudlr your tap water. Bottled water is
This form of energy is produced by harnessing the wind's not only e4ensive, it also creates a lot of container
power to propel the blades of wind turbines. The rotary waste. Also, buy products which have less packaging to
motions of the blades of the turbines are then turned into reduce waste.
electricity with the aid of an electrical generator. lt is a renew-
able source of energy, hence there is no chance of running out Green products
of it. Grazing and farming can take place on land where wind When buying electric appliances, look for the energ)
turbines are erected, so the land can be used for other pur- star label. Products with this label are designed to save
poses too. Unfortunately, as for drawbacks, if the strength of energy and produce less waste. Go for grccn products
the wind decreases, the turbine slows down. Some even think in the form of organic food. Ard let's not forget recy-
that the scenery is affected by large wind farms. cling! Look for biodegradable products, ones that can
Conclusion be entirely or partially recycled, or, indeed, ones that
Energy saving and a pollution-free environment are best can be reused.
achieved by embracing renewable energy, despite its pitfalls.

tr Logical
WND TURBINES:
Substitutes for conventional sources
of energy is what Power Company offers,
Power Company Announces:
Environmental benefits
of goin8 green

' Wind energr is clean and does not Save water: Green buildings are designed to
generate carbon dioxide or other promote water conservation and recycling.
pollutants. Gray water and rain water can be used for irrigation
and toilet-flushing.
. Unlike nuclear power grids, wind
energy doesn't produce harmful waste or any possl Save energy: Green buildings incorporate
danger of radioactive exposure or leakage. technology lil<e solar power, and are constructed
using renewable building materials and recycled
, The entire cost of construction and installation of a wind industrial goods. All this leads to minimum waste and
turbine is not as much as that spent on nuclear-power- maximum energy conservation.
plant builds.
Prevent Global Warming: Conyentional buildings
' Turbines do not require fuel in order to keep them are made up of elements like concrete and asphalt
running properly. Al1 they require is wind. which promote the build up of excessive heat. On
the other hand, green buildings use a design
6 Wind is free. approach that allows for optimal heat retention.

130
rE,ld lnrl
a

Questions 141.143 refer to section A. 146. How can you shop green?
141. What is the main purpose of section A? a. Buy bottled water in glass bottles.
a. to discuss the advantages of solar power b. Buy bottled water as tap water has to be purified.
b. to announce Power Company's board's intention of c, Buy products that use a lot of packaging.
using reneweable energy d, Get movies from friends rather than buy them.
c. to provide information on energy-efficient forms of
energy 147. What is NOT a green product?
d. to encourage the workers of Power Company to make a. plastic bottles of water
more use of solar and wind power b. biodegradable paper bags
c. organic strawberries
142. What is NOT an advantage of solar energy? d. a microwave with an energy star label
a. it is abundant
b. it is a free source of energy Question 148 refers to section D.
c. it produces no pollutants 148. What is the main purpose of section D?
d. its supply is never interrupted a. to outline the benefits of having a 'greener' home
b. to outline a series of new guidelines
143. On the fourth line of paragraph 3, what does ,it, c. to advise people about ways to conserve water
refer to? d. to suggest ways to prevent global warming
a. the blade of wind turbines
b. wind power Questions 149-150 refer to two or more sections.
c. the rotary motion 149. Which sections mention the use of solar power as a
d. an electrical generator substitute for conventional sources of energy?
a.CandB
b.AandD
Question 144 refer to section B. c.BandD
144. Why are wind turbines a logical substitute for d.CandA
conventional sources of energy?
a. The amount of carbon dioxide and other pollutants 150. What is John Paul most likely to do to make his house
produced by wind energy is quite low. 'greener'?
b. The danger of radioactiye exposure associated with a. use water filters
wind energy is very manageable. b. wash his clothes on a hot cycle
c. Turbines cost much the same as power stations to c. buy water in recyclable plastic bottles
build. d. source his power supply from a nuclear facility
d. Turbines can be run fuel-free.

Questions 145-147 refer to section C.

145. What is said in the Energy-Efficient-Homes section?
a. Cold-water washes use more energy than hot-water
ones.
b. Energy-saving light bulbs use 25% Iess energy than
normal bulbs.
c. Energy-saving bulbs use about 257o of the energy
used by normal bulbs.
d. Cold-water washes are more effective than hot-water
ones.

CB

r
 !

riting
Read the following short letter from the advice column of a local newsPaPer.
Then, do either task A or task B. For task A you will write a letter. For task B you will write an essay. Do only
ONE of these tasks. Your writing will be graded on how fluently and clearly you can exPress your ideas in English.

\ You will have 30 minutes to write

your letter or essay.
s You may make an outline or rotes in
yoL. lF(l booklet i'vou wi)l . bul you
outline will not count toward youl'score.
s You will not be graded on the
appearance of your paper, but your
handwriting must be readable. You may i
change or correct your writing, but you t
should not recopy the whole essay. -a i
5 Use your own words as much as
possible. Do not copy a lot from the
article given below. -d i?

news
The X'Iittmi Posl go to
of
to become a pro-
college, and hope
French language and literaure
I
J

fessor
Advict: Column os a careet.
Need Advice? Write to Mory. The scholarship pays for all of fiiy
expenses, so ,leither my patents nor I
She wlll onswer your letters
will have to pay anything. My parents,
in her odvice column. however, will not give me permission.
They think that I am much too young to
Dear Mary, live in Eutjpe by myself .
I qm fifteen years old, I hove iust No matter what I say to try and con-
been offered o scholarship to vince them, they still wolI t listen to
study French this summer in tne.
Paris, France. This is a great I knav that I am mature enough to
opportunity for me because I make this decision but I don't waht to
want to study French longuage hurt fiy parents.
and literatwe when I
'tn Need of cuidonce'

A Le$,^
Mary has asked her readels to write, giving suggestions and advice. Write a letter to "In Need of Guidance"
Give him/her your suggestions and advice.

B €ssay
At what age should children be able to make decisions corrcerning theiruture on their own?
Draw from your own experiences and those of your friends to support yorr answers.
You might want to talk about an experience where vou had to make a simr,ar decision.

E
t*I['it inn
W I it I a

Task A: ModerLetter
3 Good to be so dedicated
Dear "Jh hee.l
D Need support of parents "f s"i.l."ce',
Fifsr 6f all J wo.l.l lke r. s.y hoh, 9oo! is ro
D Stay with host family in Paris r".d yo"ng, i,.1"9.. ledtcar.J."d
^i,."+
I Phone home every day .hl,iri.',s. y." seeh 1" h."" a very pdsltlve alri+ude
D Parents visit you in Paris ,",,,a,.1" y.,,. - c, o,\d ,"". i, ' ,..
,..1

3 Postpone scholarship for one or two years. How"""", yo".".."1y fif+ee" d"J r l.."de"-
srahd.L,le lhor yoar pa/enls are relq.lahl 10 le+ yo(
9- io €uropa oh yoqr o\!n. They l-". y.".".1 ""ahr
Useful Vocabularg ro pro+ec+ yoq and are otvi-,,sly !!o.ried +har yoh will
hor cope d/ be enrirely s6fe rh Pa.is.
y"" h.".1 t".ir d.-," dh,l have a good hearl ro
overprotective, be concerned about someone
h"..+ '" rh your pa/dhi. Mayb. y.a cah cohe ro
come to an agreement/compromise, ."he s""r a cohprohise. yok did"'+ hehri"h wh"r'e
leave home/the nest, "f
y"u ,r."ld 1," llvinq in 1, a.is. Js * possible fo. yok ro
make one's way in the world, live \!+h . h".i f.hily? y"". parehrs hay feet happi-
be ambitious, e" if th"y l<""," yo" h.v. re.pohsibl. peopTe lookihs
talk things over,
have a commitment to sth, Jf rh.y 6.e arlon.o"r +ha+ yoa are s+ill roo yokng,
adamant (determined) s"" rf y.", cdh .l.f.r rhe sch"l./ship f..

6ooJ ln.L< L!i+h yoqr

Task B: ModerEssay
An ifi?arlanL parl of qrow)r4 r? )o fie<tuq aeci,
slane. A)1 chiaren matve at a afferent rate,. a.A
eome are ready ta fiake declg ong aL en ea() er aAe
lhan oLhere.
) Lh)nk ?arenL. have Lhe rea?onaib )ity La qui+e
ther cfil^ren and he)p thefi nake aecidane. Whan Writing Tips
blu4enlo ate )n hiqh gchool. for examp)e. Lhey have
la make 6afia Aeci7lo.1o aboul whal aub)ecL1 Lo In the exam you have 30 minutes to
eiuay, thie )5 ?robably Lhe f)ret tirne chil^ren fiay write your composition. In orcler to
decide for Lhengelveo about lheir tuLure. Ance Lhey
realize how long, on average, it takes
glart \,)nver.lly. ua)a )y al lhe aqe of e)qhteen,
you to answer a question, you shoulcl
yawq ?ea?le take an fiare regpa.aib )iy for choos,
do as many timed writings as possible.
).1q a cov6e ol gLuay ana ft rnay be d)fle.ent franl
\\haL Lhei parenls ?refer. Tereonaly. I chage la
In orcler to do this properly you need
aluay ancienL hlatory ana ffiy filoLher fe)l lhla v/aa to work somewhere where you will not
roL ?raclca). 5he Ldfks I \r )l have ailliculLy in f) - be clisturbecl. Tell your friends not to
ing a qood iob. bur- .he haa rc.pecle4 ffiy tiqhi to phone you for 30 minutes. Don't use a
decide lor nyeelf. clictionary when you are writing. See
ln conclugion. Nherc I na eet, aqe r/hen chllaren how well you can clo on your own in
are ready ta make Lher av,/n Aecidarg abouL lhet the time you are given. This will let
frtre. )n fiy o?inion, parenLe ohould olarf, encauraq, you know if you need to speecl up a bit
n4 lhelr c. )aren'7 Aecision fiak)nq from an early a4e or if you are rushing roo much.
and qulae lheri ae lhey qeL ober.

r
 test 6
riting
Read the following Dear Abby advice column. Then, do either task A or task B. For task A you will write a
letter. For task B you will write an essay. Do only ONE of these tasks. Your writing will be graded on how fluently
and clearly you can express your ideas in English.

Newmqrket News
Deor Abby! Need help with o problem? Write in ond see if Abby con help!
Deor Abby,
lneed your helpl My best friend is moving out of town next month wifh her fomily. She'll only be on hour owoy, but ldon'l
know whol I'll do without her here wilh me. We tell eoch other everything ond do everything iogeiher! l'm worried thot she'll
move owoy ond find onother best friendl Whot should I do io stoy close to her even when she's for owoy?
"Besi Friend Blues"

A. Letter Paragraphs
D Points (letter)
Abby has asked readers to write in and help answer
-Begin by restating why you decided
questions. You decide to write to "Best Friend Blues" to
lntroduction: to write. (you think you can
try to help with her problem. Give her advice and
Paragraph I help/you have experience in this
remember to give reasons why you think she should do
area/you had the same thing happen
what you suggest.
An introduction thot to you.. .) Think about how you
indicotes topic ond would solve "Best Friend Blues"'
position. problem and generally state your
advice in the first paragraph.

-Support your first-paragraph claim

Main Bodv with details. What EXACTLY do
Paragraph 2 (&3) you think "Best Friend Blues"
should do? How specifically, might
Main points ond orgument, you go about solving this problem?
Why do you feel the way you do?
Conclusion -Briefly restate what you think "Best
Last Paragraph Friend Blues" should do.

B. Essay Paragraphs Points (essay)

Write an essay about how technology can help people B

lntroduction: -ln what ways do you think technolo-

keep in touch. What different ways are there to stay
Paragraph I gy can help people keep in touch?
close to people even if they live far away? Do you have
State whether you think this is a
any friends or family who you keep in touch with over a
An introduction thot indicotes good or bad thing and why you feel
long distance? Be sure to discuss different types of tech-
topic and position. that way.
nology and why they are helpful.
- Answer these questions: What dif-
ferent ways are there to stay close to
Main Body people even if they live far away? Do
Paragraph 2 (&3) you have any friends or family who
you keep in touch with over a long
Moin points ond orgument, distance? Also, as the instructions say,
be sure to discuss different types of
technology and why they are helpful.

-Sum up your main points. Discuss

Conclusion
one or tvvo big ways that technology
Last Paragraph
helps people stay in touch.
134
 peaking
+s
tuk ,k
WHAT VOLUNTARY WORK TO

Stage I
. What is your name?
. How old are you?
. Where are you from?
. What do you like to do for fun?
o What do you enjoy most about your work / studies?
. What qualifications did you need / will you need for yout job / 1

for the job you hope to do?

o Where djd you grow up?

Stage 2
Situation: Your friend, John, who has just graduated frorn high school,
wants to volunteer somewhere but needs to decide where and wants
your advice. He likes working with people, but he is a bit weak because
he has just recovered from Ilu.

Fjrst You should look at the pictures below and ask:

o What are the options?
. What is the advantage t0 each option?
o What is the disadvantage to each option?

Stage 3
Then: When you have all the information you need, explain what you,ve
decided. Be ready to explain your choice. Remember to use information
you learned from asking questi0ns to explain your final choice.

Stage 4
after you have shared your decision, you will be asked more
Finally,
questions about the topic.

Useful Expressions
Expressing opinion
o Well, it depends how helshe...
. l'm not sure but I think...
r { don't know but I can say that she's the sort
of person who...

r
 test
I
F DorT I
1
-*zz4
E:XAM TIPS &
I e STR.ATEGIES
E -Lisrehihg ro people speak-
^N" ihg lh 6hglish ls pro6ably
\ "^. +h. hos+ .lrffic"l+
A B c s[ills"fro p.octice if yor
ore nor ln, n9 ih oh
€n9l1sh sp.aking c."n+ry,
2 The.e a.e,na(y ways
HOTEL rhot y.r co" d"""l.p y."n
s+e"i"9 sk lls h.wev.r.
A Jl y." live ih d .ohh+.y
HI r"h... rh" hovles are ih
ehelish ahd ho"" ."1,+i-
itl lles/ lhsi Nolch o,.d li.t"".
@ix fl|s", listening to songs in
A B 6n9l sh can be.,e.y help-
f N.+
. .^ly y." l"o,^
"o^ rh
a" 1.1 .f v"cabqlary
3 s
way, l,rr y.a sh.',lJ osk
y.".s.lf q".sli.hs s".h .s,
- HoA, does the sinse,
l|hat ate they singin.l
- l-las s.'-ethtns hap-
B c Js s""1ethhq about to
happen? e+c.Ih,is w ll
4 2 lmprove yoar pr.dicti.n
-- .[]ll. f"" rh..x.^,

N
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A B c
6

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manager office district

manager manager
A B c
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A B c
23
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A B c \
24

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tl
A B C

27
a
\
a
J
A B C

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,+' J

A B -t
29

A B C

30

,-.
6io
ctr
<a I !P
A B c
140
li:;ten in
Dort 2 L ist enin I
ln this port of the test, you will heor four short tolks. After eoch tolk, you will heor some queslions oboul it.
Before eoch folk begins, you will hove time to preview the questions thot ore print€d in the test booklet.

. Reod lhe questions silently.

. Then listen to the tolk. You con toke noles in the booklet.
. Then listen to eoch question ond choose the best onswer from lhe onswer choices.
o Mork your onswers on the seporote onswer sheet. you should mork A, B, C, or D.

There dre o rotol of 20 questions oboul lhe four shorl lolks,

Queslions 3l -35
Look ot the questions. Then lislen to o doctor tolking to o group NOTES
of porenls obout footboll.

31. What have medical experts lound out about players who hit the ball
with their heads very regularly?
a. They exhibit symptoms sjmilar to concussed patients.
b. Around 2500 of them have been injured.
c. Around 30 in every 2500 get iniured as a result.
d, l\4any suffer serjous injury as a result.

32. What should parents be concerned about?

a. fractures to the hair
b. cuts and gashes to the head
c. the strong chance of death
d, bruising and head fractures

33. Why are younger children at increased risks?

a. They lack general ball-control skills.
b. They are more prone to iniury.
c. They have not yet been trained in technique.
d. They are not able to head the ball correcfly.

34. What is the purpose of this talk?

a. t0 suggest suitable treatmenls for head jnjury
b. to discourage parents from letting their chjldren play soccer
c. to highlight the dangers associated with a technique used in soccer
d. to describe the proper technique Ior heading the ball

35. What does the speaker mean wnen ne says' ()

a. which causes regular pain and unsteadiness jn players
b. which causes serious pain and injury to players
c. which causes temporary pain and unsteadiness in players
d. which stops players experiencing persistent pain and unsteadiness

r
Questions 36-40
istening
Questions 4l-45
Dorr 2
Look ot the questions. Then. list€n to o rodio show on Look ot the queslions. Then listen to o scientisl
whot stockbrokers do. tolking on o rodio show.

36. What does the speaker say is one of the things stockbrokers do? 41. Which vaccine for lifethreatening diseases, was developed
a. keep customers advised on the best investment strategies with the help of animal testing?
b. earl orokerage fees for investors
a. the hepatitis A vaccine
c. update the financial newspapers on what is happening in
b. the influenza vaccine
the markets
c. the Herpes B vaccine
d. try to sell shares in their company
d. the malaria vaccine

37. What is NoT something stockbrokers are required to do

for their clients? 42. What else does the speaker say animal testing has contributed to?
a. research potential investments a. an improved procedure for measuring blood pressure
b. study market lrends b. a new treatment used for both lung and heart complaints
c. keep them informed of investment risks c. the discovery of anesthesia
d. influence the pe(ormance 0f stocks and shares d. the invention of the pacemaker

38. What does the speaker say about market rules and regulations?
43. How has animal testing beneJited other animals apan from humans?
a. Stockbrokers help to decide the rules
a. Heartworm medicine for dogs was developed through
b. Stockbrokers agree the rules with their investors
c. Stockbrokers must inform their customers about the rules animaltesting.
d. Stockbrokers must sign a copy of the rules b. We have a better knowledge of cat diseases because
o{ animaltesting.
39. What sods ol stocks are suitable for a small investofs portfolio c. We are able to help cats live longer as a result of animaltesting.
according to the speaker? d. Animal testing has helped us understand the reasons
a. stocks that perform steadily behind cenain cat behavior.
b. aggressive stocks
c. volatile stocks 44. Why does the speaker think the use ol animal testing is
d. stocks with potentially high returns
unavoidable Ior medical research purposes?
a. lt is the most effective way to better our underslanding
40. Which stock-type has the most potential to give a big
of serious viruses.
return on investment?
b. There is no olher way to sludy diseases.
a. volatile stocks
b. consistent performers c. The only other option for scientists is to test on humans
c. portfolio shares d. Animai activists will do all they can to prevent testing.
d. defensive stocks
45. What is the main purpose of this talk?
a. to encourage people to support a ban of animal testing
b. to argue in favor of animal testing
c. to convince people that animal ESting is wrong
d. to discuss the advantages and disadvantages ol animal testing

NOTES NOTES

@
 Dorf 2
r
"tf
a

Queslions 46-5O
Look ot the guestions. Then, listen to o coreers odvisor teocher tolking to NOTES
some finol-yeor school students.

46. Whal is NoT mentioned as something 18-year-olds can learn from workino in a retail store?
a. marketjng skills
b. how to deal with customers
c. how to keep account ol transactions
d. the value ol hard work

47. What kind ol retail store is not mentioned as a good place for an 1g-year-old to get a job?
a. a car sales showroom
b. a grocery store
c. a book store
d. a web-design store

48. What is one 0f the reasons mentioned for why people hire teenagers to take care
of their pets?
a. They are often too busy to do it themselves.
h. They grow tired of them.
c. They are 1oo lazy to care for them properly.
d. They earn a good income and can afford lo hire help.

49. What task might an office assistant do?

a. provide information to customers
b. secretarial work
c. inlorm customers about products and seruices
d. sell products and services to customers

50. What does the speaker mean ,f,r, f,u rryr, fo

a. lt is advisable to go out and look for a parttime job.
b. You have to be a strong person iI you are gojng to do a part-time job.
c. The speaker himself would not be able to get a parttime job.
d. He doesn't think it is a good idea to encourage students to get part{jme jobs.

IT
 rammar
51. Greg and Amy....... Teresa and 57. If Patdck tded a little ... than he 62. If the police ...... the terrorists
me around the supermarket in a does, he would probably 've got the seriously, none of the hostages
shopping cart whenever we went prcmotion that Michael got instead. would have been hurt.
to the grocery store as children. a. hard a. had taken
a. used to chase b. hardest b. will take
b. were chased
c. harder c. take
c. was chasing
d. hardly d. are taking
d. have been chasing

52. The powerful .... given by Martin 58. Acrobat is a................... stallion. 63. A true friend is someone you

Luther King Jr. still sends shivers a. chestnut-colorcd, strong, can rely ... and who r,r ill never let
up my spine when I hear it. handsome you down.
a. speaking b. strong, chestnut-colored, a. by
b. talking handsome b. on
c. speech c. handsome, chestnut-colored, c. up
d. talkative strong d. in
d. handsome, strong,
53. Pay no attention to ....... because chestnut-colored 64. Since the bank is ..... to work,
he is drunk and won't remember would you mind stopping and
what he is saying.
59. Listen Anthony, when you grow depositing this check Ior me?
a. he
b. him up, you ........................ to be a. near by
c. himself anything you want to be. b. in the way
d. his a. can c. on your way
b. will be able d. bv
54. Ifyou ask the Kahns which car c. will
is ........... , they will merely d. should 65, George's parents ..... to be polite
answer "the expensive one." and respectful but as an adult he
a. their 60. Not only do you need to study has neither of these traits.
b. them more,... you need to concentrate a. Iooked up
c. there's more on what you read. b. grew him up
d, theirs a. also but c, learned him
55. "Coutd I have ... coffee please?"
h. and d. brought him up
a, a few c, so
b. a litde d, but also 66. "If you won the lottery, what
c. two would you buy?" "......... is an
d. many 61. Ifyou push the last button on activity that I Iove to do so I
the right that has a white square would probably buy a sail boat."
56. I ... ever watch television because on it. the cassette....... . a. To sailing
I don't like the programs which are a. will be playing b. Sailing
being broadcast these days. b. play c. The sailing
a. hardly c. will play d. The sail
b, almost d. is playing
c. quite
d. rather

EXAM TIPS & STRATEGIES

The sec.nd type refers +o the pr.s.nt .r f"+"re
CON2i,"TJANALS - Ihe f ir"t ConAnional I ense Jf o"lA/ sho^ld/ c.uld/ ..igh+ + ihfi'.itive
+ pas+ +ense > w
The firs+ coh.lllioh.l i. sirrations which are very eg Jf J -,ete the prime minister J wocld not increase taxes,
"s.J f."
likely in +he p/eseht o. f.r".e. J+ is forhe,i wrlh, fi .t:" h^"1 t;,^., .h" .,""1d i"i"
"s.
Jf + pr"s.n+ f ."^ > f.t"te {.tn or n^peta+ive
Jf J .,.,k ha,ct, J'll pass rhe exa"t The rhild rype /efe.s +. rhe posl,
",s. Jf + pas+ pe"fe,.+ > woulA/ sh"dA/..uld/ + past pa'^ticiple
-[he sec.nd o"d thl.J +yp". .f c.^.1]ri."ol sehtehces are Jf sh" h.d k".'"" abo"t his lies, she "'ould ".t
".s.
ise.l 1o ralI al.oit hyp.]h"ti.^l or irragirary ."".lir;"".. havetr"sted hi"..

144
 k.
.',

[r,]ffi m I

G lrammar
67. Il I have to ask them again 74. We went...... to see the stained 81. Regardless .......... what everyone
which car is ,.... new car and rhel glass window that Amy and thinks, I
am going to wear my
don't answer me, I won't believe Peter made. new dress tonight.
that they actually bought one. a. to the church a. to
a. their b. to church b. of
b. theirs c. the church c. by
c. they d. at the church
d. them d. at
75. Our teacher gave us so much 82. What ....... earth are you talking
68. "What happened when you
....... that we probably would about? We could never forget
asked Katrina out on a date?"
have lailed without it. your birthday, Jare!
"She took a long time to answer
and then she said....... call me." a. advices a. oll
a. she will b. advised b. in
b. she will to c. adYice c. to
c. that she d. advise d. of
d. she would
76. Rob had better start looking for 83. Tom....... his brother for years,
69. I can't believe that was your a job because he has ..... any until he started to lie to him.
brother who asked me ......... . money left in his savings and a, set in for
a. where is your house is addicted to shopping. b. looked up to
b. where was your house a, no c. stood by to
c, where your house was b. hardly d. let down
d. your house where it was c, rarely
d. almost 84. I'm sorry I didn't ......,....... you
70. Never ...... that brand of make-up
calling my name but I was
because it is known that they 77. When we arrived a1 Jsns 5 p211, Iistening to loud music.
test their products on animals. we... all over for a parking space.
a. I buy a. listen
a, have to search b. hearing
b. do I buy b. had to search
c. I will buy c. hear
c. will be searching d. listening
d, buy I d. haye searched
71. I'm not the least bit surprised 85. Does anyone know...... this
that Jack didnl like the present
78. Susan woke up early and left black car belongs to?
his uncle gave him. It was ....... the house early. ....., she got a. who
:r. an old blue plasric bucket. caught in a traffic jam. b. that
b. a plastic old blue bucket. a. Although c. whose
r. a blue plastic old bucket. b. Even though d. whom
d. a plastic blue old bucket. c. Despite
d. Nevertheless
72. Brian has trouble ..... people
speak but he can read lips and 79. If I ..... you, I would wear that
knows sign language. heaw sweater because it is really
a. having heard cold outside in the evenings here.
b. when hears a. wele
e. headng b. am
d. will hear' c. have been
d. will be
73. She is right to feel proud of all
the work she has done. After 80. II rhe markering departmenr .....
all, completing your doctorate their research, we in the sales
studies is quite an
department wouldn't be facing
a. achieve so many problems.
b. achieving
c, achievable a. are making
d. achievement b. will be doing
c. had done
d. are doing

r
 ocabulary
86. The teacher.......... too much 92.'|he......... was all over his face 97. Let's get some ice cream
homework, the student said. after running a marathon. I have a ......... for it.
a. assigned a. weakness a, taste
b" offered b. intuition
b. exhaustion
c.lent c. case
c. sadness
d. departed d. treat
d. evaporation
87. You are very ......... 98. Read the question carefully and
Are you ever late? 93. Did you go over your ......... by
......... the wrong answers.
a. premature spending twenty dollars on that a. forget
b. limited shirt? b. eliminate
c. restless a. budget c. answer
d. punctual
b. wages d. make
c, salary
88. Her ......... was uncontrollable.
d. check 99. Did you .. the results of
She screamed at her brother for
hours.
your test?
a. guilt 94. Don't.........your sister for your a. recelve
lr. joy mistakes. She didn't do b. discover
c, anger c. sample
anything wrong.
d. sadness d. motion
a. accuse
b. hold
89, He put on suntan lotion as a 100. The party.........me because I
c. blame thought everyone had forgotten
measure against sunburn.
a, decorative d. telt my birthday.
b. preventative a, soothed
c. destructive 95. Your handwriting is tl. relaxed
rl. rrseless Who can read it? c. overran
a. clear d. surprised
90. Ten security......... accompanied
b. elegant
the political leader to his car. 101. I told you the s€oet becar:se I you.
c, difficult ...
a. women a. believe
b. people d. illegible
b. hate
c. guards
c. fear
d. players 96. The business venture proved to
d. trust
be ......... as the owners became
91. I got in a car accident because millionaires. 102. He missed a month of school
I was in a.......... a, failure But he should be able to........
a. hurry
b. tasteful with the class.
b. traffic jam
c. profitable a. look up
c. store
d. late d. shallow b. make up
c. catch up
d. put up

EXAM TIPS & Conplere the saten.es by datchihg the h"hberc with a 1.fi4,
STRATEGIES
Ph.Asal ve'6s wilh "qC'
a. loL-l qs ro Leep np rhe 9"..1 *,..1<.
1. The le.lhre. b, ha. c"oppc<l
"p, "rf"*"".r.1y.
a. come up wirh ."h., ".,-, l.leas,
3, Anothe* p".L,le^ d. Ll"w "p rh" [,"ild]"q
4. J"h" ^"d s,,. hove e, s","."...1 "!. rh" ih"".y rh his.ohclnsioh.
5, W. h..d r" f, 'raye.l "p la+.,, r,hich is why l\" is r i..",1,
g, spli+ ap aqain.
7. .[he
Mil<e h, I t "p whe" he/ L,oyf"iehd .hr."...1 r h. *.",.,
a, rerroris+

ET
 +,#
a

* .:t,

IrLlr,IhU [,1r .:ai.als

!8.+ ./

ocabula
103. L......... my subscription to the 109. The doctor....... me for the 116. The company has many .... about
magazine because it became too disease. your bad handling of the situation.
expensive. a. prescribed a. accounts
a. opened h. operated b. concerns
b. extended c. tested c. discussions
c. discontinued d.looked d. methods
d. moved
110. Do you have the ... to pay 117. The watchdog barked loudly as
104. She was .......... when her child the ...... approached the house.
for the tdp?
came home late. a. thief
a. bonus
a. satislied b. sun
b. means
b. anxious c. bird
c, payment
c. sincere d. rain
d. establishment
d. punctual
118. Your final ...... for the day is to
I05. This is a library. ......... is 111. i ......... the house for days,
clean the car.
absolutely forbidden. trying to find my keys.
a. task
a, Screaming a. looked
b. call
h. Reading b. searched c. accomplishment
c. Studying c, cleaned d. success
d. Writing d. washed
119. My hands are ... because I
112. The patient died of ......... forgot my gloves
resulting from a heart attack a. warm
a. methods b. removing
b. medicine c. freezing
c. complications d. waving
d. results
120. The student's ......... over the
113. A......... arose between the two last two years has been quite
cities over dghts to the lake. remarkable.
106. The politician gave such an a. discussion
a. palo'
inspiring........ about child care b. impression
b. conflict
that I decided to join his c. lack
c. meetilg
campaign. d. improvement
d. plan
:r. speech
b. book
c. conversation
ll4.......... of the house took over
tl, discussion two years.
a. Build
107. The.........for food increased as b. Foundation
the drought worsened. c. Consultation
a, supply d. Construction
b. lack
c. store 115. I have a lot of.......... in your
tl. demand ability to solve the problem
a. understanding
108. She always dresses very b. confidence
a, well c. hope
b. tasteless d.love
c. ugly
d. reluctant

@
 *
<-"' A

This passage is about America's Cup sailing race.

Competition for I2l. Who are the current holders of the America's Cup?
the jeweled silver a. The US
America's Cup is h. New Zealand
usually as nasty as
c. Italy
d. Australia
it comes: rule
books ignored,
122. Why did the Italian team spray the New Zealand
bitter courtroom team with champagne?
fights, rich bullies a. Because they were angry at being beaten.
and bad losers. b. It is a custom in yachting.
But this year it's c. They were pretending to be angry at being beaten.
taken a new turn. As they prepare to race for yachting's old- d. The New Zealand team sprayed the Italians first.
est trophy, the New Zealand defenders and their ltalian chal-
lengers seem more like friends than rivals. Having spent the 123. According to the passage the Italian and New
past three years training in Auckland, the ltalians have become Zealand teams
honorary Kiwis, even fly-fishing and surfing on weekends. a. uill nerer lrrin logelher rgain.
When Team New Zealand beat the ltalian team Prada 2-l in a b. have many fans in Amedca.
c. have encouraged each other while training.
pre-America's Cup regatta last March, the ltalian crew
d. often drink champagne together.
sprayed the Kiwi team with champagne in friendly revenge.
Before the final of the Cup challenger series on Feb. 6, 124. How did the Italian team win the respect of the
defenders Team New Zealand sent Prada a message of sup- New Zealand team?
port. During training on Auckland's Hauraki Gulf, the two a. By being good at fly-fishing and surfing.
teams routinely called out greetings across the water. But b. By beating the New Zealand team.
when the Cup races start Feb. 19, the camaraderie will be e. By knocking the US out o[ the competirion.
stowed away. "Come Saturday, there won't be any more wav- d. By spending three years training in New Zealand.
ing," says a Prada press officer.
125. Which statement about the America's Cup
When Prada's yacht Luno Rosso knocked the U.S. out of the is NOT true?
a. It is silver.
running for the Cup, "New Zealanders were overjoyed to see
b. It is less than 100 years old.
Europe win," says Louis Vuitton Challenger Cup organizer
c. It is more than 50 cm high.
Marcus Hutchinson. "lt gave a sense of history in the making."
d. It is the oldest trophy in yachting.
lf ltaly has won fans in New Zealand, it has also won respect.
Since America first stole the 69-cm-tall trophy from Britain in
the opening 185 I race, only Australia, in I 983, and New
Zealand last year, have taken the Cup {rom U.S. soil.

EXAM TIPS & STRATEGIES

O,n. r"oy 1. +a.ue rhe ''."1+ipl...h.lc" reaJin5T quesil.ns 1s
ro firs+ .ead +h. t.x+ +hno*gh ca.ef.lly a,..,1 ask
yo./self u,ha+ +he'"h.1.
general +hehe of +he +ex+ is an.l rvhat
+he rrain polnls ."". R".J rhe firs+ qr,es+io,r r.,;+hoqt look-
inq at the a,"s\"e" ch.lces as they "ray c""f"s" y"", Find
+he par+ of the terl thar is .elevanl +o rhe qaestion and try
io dhs\a,e. r+. Theh looL a+ yo$ ahs\!e. .h.i.e.
rhe choice +ha+ ls closes+ 1o yo4. o\r,1 6hs!\,er, ^"d.e1".+

E
 la

rE,ld in T
F--t
tl i
L**"
This passage is about children's education.

Much of the learning that occurs

R eadin o .

during development is acquired

through observation and imitation.
126. The word 'admonish'in the fint paragraph is closest
Children unknowingly behave like or
imitate those they admire. And the in meaning to:
indiyiduals they try to act like (par- a. approve
ents, for example) often purposely
b. scold
become their role models and either praise the children or
admonish them for the way they behave, thereby shaping their c. praise
personalities. d. support
Research suggests that despite all the distractions around
them, for most children, family members are their role models
127. What do over half of children admit to when
of choice, not the so-called 'celebrities' and 'stars' they become
familiar with through TV and the like. lndeed, 57olo will admit as questioned?
much when asked. Although children are preoccupied with a. looking up to close relatives
school, friends and trends, they still watch their parents carefully b. having celebriry role modeis
and take mental notes. Therefore, if you, as a parent, want to be
c. prefering celebrity role models to their own family
a good role model, lead by example and always keep the lines of
communication open. ln this way, you will help your children to d. wanting to be like the 'stars' they look up to
make the right choices and give them the self-confidence to
cope with problems like peer pressure.
128. Why is it important for parents to keep lines of
So the message is, if you want your children to grow up behav-
ing as they should, talk to them about your values and morals, communication open with their child?
and treat the people you meet with the respect and kindness a. to help the child make good decisions
you would wish your children themselves to exhibit. Tell them b. to help the child cope with lamily pressure
where you stand on issues such as drugs, smoking, poverty and
c. to help the child lead by example
religion, and show them that you are confident and happy with
who you are. Your children need to feel secure in how they view d. to help the child cope with a lack of confidence
the world and will take confidence from seeing their parents,
self-assuredness. When you have stress, why hide it? lnstead, 129. Why should parents talk about their failures with
take this wonderful opportunity to teach them some vital life
skills - show them how you cope with stress. And don't build
their children?
yourself up too much in your children's eyes when they are very a. So that the children can avoid becoming similar
young. Do so and you risk disappointing them later in life when failures themselves.
they learn that you are just as human as the next person and {ull
b. So that the children leam to recognize their own
of your own faults. Discuss your successes and failures with
them instead to build trust, and show them that you understand strengths and weaknesses.
your own strengths and weaknesses in the hope that they will c. So that the children learn to recognize and exploit
learn to understand theirs, too, some day, and exploit their weaknesses in others.
strengths to build a successful life. And just as you should not
d. So that the children learn to hide their own
hide your own failings from your children, you should not hide
them from failure either; allow your children to fail and show failings.
them that failure is good and necessary - it is something that
they can learn from to make them stronger.
Finally, it is vital that you share your emotions with your chil-
I 1.10. Whrr is lhe main mersaAe ot (he tin,rl prragraph?
Ii Shor ing lnur chiklren iove is enough Iu make you
dren; show them that they are loved no matter what happens.
This creates an incredible sense of security and gives children the : a gleat parent.
strength to try hard and not be afraid of failure. Make yourself | . To bc a pedect role moriel for your children
the best possible role model that you can be for your children
and then you will have done all you can as a parent. i ,uu must make vel/ tew mistakes.
Just remem- i
ber, in order to be a perfect role model, you will have to make Alwavs do your best to set a good example for your
mistakes - every single human being does, so what kind of a par- : childlen and you will then be a good parent.
ent would try to teach their children not to? Accept it; every I Avoid making mistakes that children notice so that
parent makes mistakes. And when they happen, don,t be too
hard on yourself. Show your kids what to do; learn from them . ynu can be the pedect role model for them.

and start again.

@
 a
GEI
t-f
im Part 3

History of the Ferris Wheel

We all enjoy 'big wheel' rides! However, have
E what people say:
you ever wondered how it all started? The early T love going on it! The viaw is unreall
history of the Ferris wheel goes way back to the My kids aged 7 and IO ore mod obout
I 7th century where passengers rode in chairs, it, too, os not only is it greot fun,
which were suspended from large wooden rings but it olso hos oir conditioning ond is
and rotated by strong men! The first Ferris holf on hour out of the heot - and
boy does the summer get hot around
wheel was constructed in 1893 in Chicago by
herel 6et there early, though; it
George Washington Gale Ferris. The wheel
opens around 9:30, and you should bz able 1o gzt a
rotated with 36 cars suspended from it and
pod to yourself if you ore there first thing.
accommodated a6out 60 people in total.
Otherwise, forget it - ond get in line...l

Jane Delton

For the people who really appreciate city skylines ond

skyscrapert the best way to enjoy the view is to book o
tide on the singapore Flyer. I rccommend the night-time
ride strongly. lt is the highest Ferris wheel in the world.
a
SINGAPORE FLYER when your pod reaches the topnost point on the wheel,
you can see thtee differcnt courtries at once - singapore,
The Singapore Flyer
Malaysia and lndonesia. The best way is to book online to
is a gigantic observa-
get ueat discounts.
tion wheel, with a
height of precisely { Jereny Jones
165 meters, which j
makes it the largest J

and tallest Ferris

wheel in the world. lt Important steps for safer rides
is located in the southern part of Singapore, built Dress for satety. Wear stable, closed-toe shoes;
on top of a three-storey terminal building which avoid dangling jewelry, drawstrings, or anything that
has an array of shops, bars and restaurants in it. might get caught in the machinery; and tie back
long hair.
The wheel takes approximately 35-40 minutes
to finish one rotation, which represents one Find the ride that is appropriate for your child -
complete 'ride' for the passengers on board, of age-wise, and in terms of personality. Thrill rides
whom there can be seven hundred at maximum are physically demanding, so your child must be
capacity. At present, those who invested in the strong enough to hold on. They are also dangerous,
giant amusement ride are reaping enormous so your child has to be mature enough to show the
benefits with the attraction pulling in upwards of right amount of care. Make sure the restraint sys-
six hundred thousand visitors per year. tem is properly fitted to your child's body.

Leam about the ride before getting on. Make sure

your child understands all the safety rules, and tell
them what to do if something unexpected occurs. If
the ride stops before it is supposed to, be sure your
child knows to stay seated and wait for instructions
from the ride operator.

E
rE,l dinu :.

Questions 131-132 refer to section A. Questions 136-138 refers to section D.

131. What is the main purpose of section A? 136. Which of the following items should NOT be wom by
a. to provide some information on how Ferris wheels children going on amusement ddes?
developed a. flashy jewelry
b. to advertise a Ferris wheel company b. sandals
c. to encourage people to try out Fefiis wheel rides c. a hairclip
d. to honor George Washington Gale Feris, d. trainers
the inventor of the Feris Wheel
137. What characteristics should a child going on a tfuill ride
132. The Ferris rvheel as we know it today first appeared in possess?
a. the early 19th century. a. strengr h and a caring nature
b. the late 19th century. b. strength and a sense of danger
c. the 17th century. c. maruritl and a love o[ thrills
d. the late 18th century. d. carefulness and strength

Questions 133.134 refer to section B. 138. What should children know about a ride before it starts?
133. Which of the following statements is true of the a. how to get off if something goes wrong
Singapore Flyer? b. how to stop the ride if something goes wrong
a. It is built on a two-storey building c. who their instructor is going to be
b, It is more than 165 meters high d. how to behave if the unexpected happens
c, It is located southeast of Singapore
d. It is the tallest Ferris wheel in the world Questions 139-140 refer to two or more sections.
139. Which section talks about the Feris Wheel as
134. How many people visit the Singapore Flyer annually? an investment?
a. 700 a.B
b. 6000 b.c
c. 16,000 c.D
d. 600,000 d.A

Question 135 refers to section C. 140. Which review(s) would be of most interest to a parent
135. What is the main purpose of section C? intendirg to take their child for a ride on the Singapore
a, to analyse customer feedback Flyer?
b. to encourage people to visit the attraction a. DandA
c. 10 objectively review the artraclion b.B,CandD
d, to provide factual information about the best time c.AandB
to visit the attraction d.A.BandC

r
 *
D

EI Rehabilitation Center
for Wild Animals
What we do: Luncheon to honor volunteers
ln the case of wild animals, the
process of rehabilitation begins with April 28,2012, Noon - 1:30 p.m.
the rescue of the wild animal. Wild
animals are frequently rescued from The Rehabilitation Center for Wild Animals' Board
poachers, calamity-hit natural habi-
of Directors is hosting a luncheon in honor of its vol-
tat, illegal wildlife traders and even from exotic pet own-
unteers. Please join the staff and Board as we cele-
ers. The most important thing from the rehabilitation point
brate your service and sacrifice in support of the cen-
of view is to help the animal to recoveT as quickly as possi-
ter's mission. We will have good food, Iots of fun, and
ble and so spend the least amount of time necessary in
a small gift for each attendee. There will also be a
human care, thereby increasing the likelihood that it will
respond well to being released back into the wild. special raffle draw; the prize is one night's accommo-
Wildlife experts examine the rescued animal and determine dation at Bungee Resort and dinner at Ocean Inn,
the extent of harm caused. The animal is given the full Florida.
attention of a member of our veterinary staff to ensure
that it is returned to excellent physical condition. Nutrition Save the date in your calendar and confirm your
is normally an area which requires considerable attention, attendance by replying to: [email protected].
too, and it is important for malnourished animals to be
brought back on track in this respect as quickly as possible.
The most important step in the rehabilitation of wild ani-
mals, is that of reconditioning - the wild animal is gradually
introduced to its new habitat and is taught to adapt to this
environment.
FROM: JOHAN SMITH, l'4anaging Director of
IOIN US TODAY - WE NEED VOLUNTEERS AND the Rehabilitation Center for Wild Animals
YOUR HELP COULD MAKE ALL THE DIFFERENCE
TO: TheVolunteers'team
lntroduction
Animal rights' is a concept

tr srAFF wANrsm
which is based on the idea that
the basic interests of animal
The job of a wildlife rehabilitator mainly involves taking species should be given equiva-
care of animals in the process of being reintroduced to wild lent importance to those of
or natural habitats. There is no wildlife rehabilitator qualifi- human beings. The concept
cation as such. It is, however, desirable to have a degree incorporates various rights
with a specialization in biology, veterina{, science, or other which aim to ensure that anlmals don't get exploited or
subjects related to animals. abused by human beings for personal gain.

Educational requirements: Animal Rights

A GED ceftificate and a willingness to study towards a high- Accepting the doctrine of animal rights means:
er qualilicrtion in biologl or veterinary science. . no experiments on animals
What you will do: ' no breeding and killing animals for clothes or medicine
Tasks include rvorking directly with thc animals on their " no using of animals for hard labor
professionally-designed rehabilitation programs and admin- ' no selectaye breeding for any reason other than in
istering treatments prescribed by the vet, such as antibiotics the interests of the animal concerned
and anti-inflammatories. As well as this you will be trans-
. no hunting
porting injured animals to rehabilitation centers (which wilt ' no using of animals purely for our entertainment
require you to have a valid driving license), maintaining
records ol the animals in our centers' care, cleaning cages, Conclusion
maintaining hygiene standards and so on, Hopefully, reading through this information, you will have
a better idea of the goals of animal rights organizations
C0NT]\C]T liS: such as our own, While laws exist to prevent certain
Write to [email protected] attaching a CV and an applica- forms of animal cruelty, there is a constant need to cam-
tion form (which can be downloaded from our website). paign for more rights and better enforcement.

152
r ,:din !

Questions 141-143 refer to section A. Questions 147-148 refer to section D.

141. What is the main purpose ol section A? 147. The word 'exploited' itt IntrodLtctiofl is closest
a. to advertize the services of the center in order to in meaning to:
attract more customers a. taken advantage of
b. to promote the work of the center and appeal for b. sold
more funding c. mistreated
c. to provide an introduction to the center for new d. hunted
volunteem who have just signed up
d. to explain the work of the rehabilitation center and 1,18. Which of the following activities would NOT be
appeal for volunteeIS to come forward regarded as interfedng with animal dghts?
a. laboratory research carried out on monkeys
142. The word 'it' on line 10 of the first paragraph refers to b. breeding animals to supply meat
a, the carer c. mrking animals perform in cilcus acts
b. the animal d. using a donkey to pull a cart
c. the amount of time
d. the rehabilitation process
Questions 149-150 refer to two or more sections.
143. Which of the foJlowing is NOT palt of the rehabilitation 149. Which sections could be included in the classified ads
program? section of a magazine?
a. A vet attelds to the animal. a.BandC
b. An effbrt is made to improve the diet of the animal b.CandD
while in care. c.AandB
c. The animal is slowly encouraged to get used to a new d.B andC
home that has been chosen for it.
d. The animal is retumed to its former habitat as quickly 150. Which sections would be of most interest to someone
as possible. wanting to find out about the everyday tasks of the
people who work at the center?
Questions 144-145 refer to section B. a.AandB
144, According to section B, what are the educational b.BandC
requirements to become a wildlife rehabilitator? c.CandD
a. a Wildlife Rehabilitator qualification d.AandC
b. a degree in veterinary science or biology
c. a GED certificate
d. a higher qualification in biology or veterinary science
and a GED certificate

145. What is included in the tasks of a wildlife rehabilitator?

a. prescribing treatments for the animals
b, keeping a record of the center's accounts
c. keeping the level of general cleanliness high
d. transporting the animals to their new homes in the wild

Question 146 refers to section C.

146. Which of the following statements is true?
a. The event is being held to attract volunteers.
b. The event is being held to raise funds by volunteers.
c. The event is being held to acknowledge the
volunteem' contribution.
d. The event is being held in the Ocean Inr at

r
Bungee Resort
 riting
Read the following letter from the advice column of a local newspaper.
Then, do either task A or task B. For task A you will write a letter. For task B you will write an essay. Do only
ONE of these tasks. Your writing will be graded on how fluently and clearly you can express your ideas in English.

\ You will have 30 minutes to write

Vour ietter or essay.
\ You may make an outilne or notes in
your test booklet if you wish, but your
outline will not count toward your score.
s You wl I not be graded on the
appearance of your paper, but your
handwriting must be readable. You may
change or correct your writing, but you
shou d not recopy the whole essay.
\ Use your own words as much as
possible. Do not copy a lot from the
article given below.
d

r news
The San Anlonio Titttes
Adyice Colurnn
breaking up. He has just graduated from
high school and h6s a full-time job. I
Need Advice? Write to Ann. She h6ve one more year of high school and
will onswer your letters in her then plan to get a fulltime job. My
parents, however, are totally agatnst
advice column.
the idea. rhey say that t am too young
Dear Ann,
and Lh6L I am not getling morried
t am sixteen years old. My boyfriend
until I graduate from college, which
has just asked me to marry him.
won't be for another 5 years. No mat-
I love him very much and t know
ler what I say to try and convince
that he loves me. He is eighteen them, they )ust won't lister to me. I
years old. I know that I want to
know that I am mature enough to
spend the rest of my life with
make this decisian but I don't want
him. we have been dating each
to hurt my parents.
other for 4 years without ever
"ln Love"

A Leffie.r
Ann has asked her readers to w te, giving suggestions and advice. Write a letter to "In Love".
Give her your suggestions and advice.

fl-) €ssay
Do you think teenagers are mature enough to settle down with one partner for life? What
do you think are the advantages and disadvantages of getting married at a young age?

E
 .$.

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WE n 0

: POTNTS THAT CAN BE INCTUDED:

r Model Letter
D Parents naturally concerned I De., 'J" L","',
D still very young I ,* d r.oLr..,, ,11-r ...,,o,\) y-,,rq -,6r,,.
',^.
D people change I u""" v"- y..,, r.oyr,..."., a,o he

D five years isn't long | -,.r"". + yon, nor. ri<.

.,,,".
a, p \,.)s ,\.o , r"r ,.:. e.,
D university/job - separate issue | ^ "ro,1. Jn
,.,. \y .o nnvF a r.oyr...,.,,
tr bofriend wjll wait if he loves you | ,"". ."," ) oh ^". \vho
a".,eo.r ra.e,.,s .vho ro.. yo,, ,o6. .r r,p)
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al',".hr -h^, i, L, s, ro" y..
I ^n. to/ you t," t,.,1,y.
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Useful Vocabularg |
,.",, ,s,".,,o.,y o' -,r,,
^
yo,.ho oop. \4ayr.e yo,,
."d)o.,. i,-)',i.\J\.il'.'^y,".",h.. f". l\","-
adolescence (teenage years), I * . ," r,.. "
develop one's character,
p-"o,. ,.ro. t\a,... o to, o. vo,,, da... f,
|
,. st'r t \ ,.sp 'o \v^i, \,'\:tp r,-ro.- yo. \.,k. ..,<h .
lifetime commitment, | " ^
u , ." , , ..,,, ,, yo., . p. ty o.. .,r ro"r y.,o ,.e'a_
a rift between people (when people are I "
't s.o\. -,,oho... h", ,,".[e, ir yo,, wai,.
not speaking to each other, due to | ""1r " ",ssue
he 01 )o,t' ooiag .
an argument), I " "Ien" s
o,r.h,l ye -i I ha"".,," h", y?^r to.,p,,l. Nho, ,o
torn between people, I
I .ro. Ji yo. "how )o", ^... , s,h., voh a/e \,.'r:^q o
be patient, .ohP.ohise, J'h snre rhey wlll fd-.
wjsdom of parents, G."d L,,.t<,
lif etime experience

I aSK E : Modet Essay

the orueet on of when a ?eraon i9 a)A eronqh lo
fiarry io a Aillicrlt one, Many addfe realize later
on in )fe lhal, Nhey have rnarriei Lhe v/ronq pergon.
9a iL i9 vety fillke)y thal leenaqera arc fiaLve
erauqh to nake euch ar irporianl aecio on.
fha aivanLaqeg of OeLl|T ftlardei aL a yowq
aqe are lifitea ir my o? nlan. Yor will live fiary
yeatg wiNh lhe oafie percor ana fiay be able lta
Writing Tips
When you reacl the writing question,
enioy havirlq chilircr ani even qrandchildren while you
unclerline the key points ancl worcls
ere elil) quiLe yow\.
On lhe olher hani. traffylnq eady in )ife can be
so that you l(now exactly what you
a fiielake. ?eo?le 7oft1eLime7 chanqe a9 lhey Tet need to respond [o and don t miss
o der and couplee qrow a?arl. Atter fifteen ot out any important points. Think
twenly yearc. a ?er.an fiiAht, leel he or she codd about your reader and choose a
have had a A)ffercni. befi lfe tf they had not suitable style and tone of writing.
married eo youn4. afu;er we aon'L rce)y know what
\/:/e v/anL ouL ol )fe when \r'/e arc .i)1 leeraqerb: we
Try not to repeat yourself, try to
ady lh nk we ao. fincl other worcls or phrases to mal(e
)n conc)n1ion. rarely are Leenaqerg trature erouqh your writing more interesting. use
lo qel mafftea. h ex,ce\iord .iLraliar., a ?erbon antonyms or synonyms to the l(ey
nay be lucky enoulh to meeN hi6 or her lile ?a.ttner worcls in the question.
aL a yaunq aqe. Gererd)y, however I think j|t ie
aAvieab)e lo be aborL Nwenty-five befare qett)nq
marr ed,

IT
 test 7
W ritin g
Read the following 'Dear Johnny' newspaper advice column. Then, do either tasl< A or task B. For task A
you will write a letter, For task B you will write an essay. Do only ONE of these tasks. Your writing will be graded
on how fluently and clearly you can express your ideas in English.

The Current
Dear Johnny! Have a problem that needs solving? Ask Johnny for helpl
Dear Johnny
When lgrow up lwant to be a veterinarian. Ilove animals more than anything! For this reason, lwant to get a dog or a
cat. lthink that having a pet is important because it will teach me responsibility and he{p me understand how to take
care of animals. The problem is, my mom is allergic to dogs and cats and won't let me get onel What should I do?
"Animal Lover"

A. Letter Paragraphs Points (letter)

Johnny has asked readers to write in and help lntroduction:
answer questions. You decide to write to
Paragraph I
'Animal Lover" to give him some advice on -State why you are writing in to Johnny.
what to do. Be sure to include reasons why Decide what advice you would give him and
An introduction thot
you feel the way you do. briefly introduce it in the first paragraph.
indicotes topic ond
position.
- Should Johnny talk to his parents about his
probleml Get a job volunreenng at an ani-
Main Bodv mal shelter? Think about getting a fish or a
Paragraph 2 (&3) turtle? Give Johnny specific advice, Don't
iust list one or two things, but give reasons
Moin points ond orgument, for several ideas of what he might do or go
into detail about exactly the course of
action you feel he should tal<e.

-Sum up what you decided Johnny should

Conclusion
do. Also use this space to explain why your
Last Paragraph
advice should be tal<en.

B. Essay Paragraphs Points (essay)

Pets are very important parts of many people's
lives. Do you think having a pet helps someone
lntroduction:
learn to be responsible? What other reasons are Paragraph I -State your opinion about pets. Do
there to have pets? Try to include any personal you think they are beneficial to peo-
An introduction thot indicotes ple or not?
experience you have with pets.
topic ond position.
- Answer these questions: Do you
Main Body think having a pet helps someone
Paragraph 2 (&3) learn to be responsible? What other
reasons are there to have pets? Also
Moin points ond orgument, discuss your personal experiences
with pets. Details are important here
-Sum up your main points. Discuss
Conclusion
why you feel the way you do about
Last Paragraph
Pets.

156
 t
L.',-
peaking
HOW TO SPEND YOUR FREE TIME

Stage I
. What is your name?
. How old are you?
o Where are you from?
. Do you have any hobbies?
r How did you become interested in ... (whatever hobby)?
. Which do you prefer watchrng relevision
or going to the cinema?

Stage 2
Situation: You have a free afternoon with nothing to do.
What will you choose to do?

First: You should look at the pictures below and ask:

o What are the options?
o What is the advantage to each option?
. What is the disadvantage to each option?

Stage 3
Then: When you have all the information you need, explain what you've
decided. Be ready to explain your choice. Remember t0 use information you
Iearned from asking questions to explain your final choice.

Stage 4
Finally, after you have shared your decision, you will be asked more ques"
tions about the topic.

Useful E xpresstons
Choosing an option Expressing Preferences
. Personally, I don't like ....
. I like ....... but i don't likelhate ........

so would choose ...

because

. As far as J know. .............

. I would prefer ........ to .......

. l'd definitely choose ...... because r I prefer ..... to ... because ........

it's exciting. . I would rather choose ........ than ........

. So, l'd choose ....

r
 i Dort I
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a E'TAMMPS&
SIR,AIEGIES
!'"" ca,^
"fre^ "^de,^-
s+a^d h.w someone is
f""li"9 ." rhei. Zl+li+qde
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"f ""ic. a^d
how +he volce ,^ises or.
fall=. Whe^ +h. v.ic.
2 AD rises it of+en sh.rvs a
f".)n^s "f
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o, '.aybe a question is
6eihe asked, When the
wotce falls, i+ of+ en

A B c =h.,^,. . f..li"e.f
conpletion, e.g. an
otder, state^e + ot

3 1

A B c

5:00 7:00 8:00

A 3 c

b (J

A B C

6
FIRST THIRI) THIRD-CI.ASS
CLASS CLASS BOOKRATE

A B c

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A B c
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UNCLE
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A B C

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A B c
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$1800 $2400 $3200

E B c
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A B C

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A B c
18

8:00 11:00 11:30

A B E
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19 d

a ie
A B vice president C president

20
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A B C

21

LOS ANGELES SALT LAKE

LAS VEGAS
CITY
A B c
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A B C

23 U& CD
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a -t 0
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A O, B
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A N\- B C

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Dort I
25

23 years 5 years 20 years

26
A r ]

Saturday Sunday Tuesday

E B

27

A B C

28

29
A r C

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30
E.WI B C A:-
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Dort 2 ist,enin a

ln this port of the test, you will heor four short tolks. After eoch tolk, you will heor some queslions obout
it.
Before eoch tolk bogins, you will hove lime to previow lhe quesfions thot ore prlnlsd in th; test booklet.

. Reod the questions silenlly.

. Then listen to tho tolk. you con toke notes in the booklel.
o Then listen lo eoch question ond chooso the best onswor from lhe onswer choices.
o Mork your onswers on the seporote onswer sheet. you should msrk A, B, C, or D.

There ore o totol of 20 questions obout lhe tour short tolks.

Questions 3I -35
Look ot the questions. Then listen fo o womon tolking on o morning NOTES
T.V. show.

What does the speaker say about donuts and macaroons?

They make excellent'party favors'.
Bake them the day before your par1y.
It is a risk to use thern as 'party favors'.
They are djflicult 'pany favors'to make.

What does the speaker suggest could be done with donuts or macaroons?
They could be filled with a rich glaze.
They could be turned into fondant.
They could be covered in cream.
They c0uld be covered with sprinkles.

What does the speaker N0T suggest couid be put into the gift boxes?
muffins
warm cookies
colorful ribbon
a set of assorted candies

34. Why is the woman giving this tatk?

a. t0 suggesl ideas for pafty thank-you gifts
lr. to promote the products in her gift store
!. to suggest how to organize a pafty
d.10 encourage people to try to make their own treats

35. What does the speaker mean *nr, ,tu ,.yr' {)

a. Using this method, the bags look good but are cheap to make.
b. Gift bags are very pleasant to look at,
r.]. Preparing gift bags is a good way
to make your guests feel nice,
d. lt is not economical to make gift bags yourself.

r
 istening Dorf 2
Questions 36-40 Queslions 4l --45
Look ot the queslions. Then listen lo o loclurer tolking to Look ot the questions. Then listen to o dieticion tolk-
medicine sludenls ot university. ing to o group of women.

36. What is the function of the iris of the eye? 41. When your body is longing for something, what is this a sign ol?
a. to hold the structure of the eye together a. You need salty foods.
b. to controlthe amount of light entering the eye b. Your body is not storing the correct amount oI water.
c. to connect the nerves to the brain c. You are dieting too severely.
d. to protect the eye from disease
d. Your body has a shortage ol a specilic nutrient.

37. What does the speaker claim mosl mainslream practitioners think
42. What does the speaker say about'cleaning your plate'
about iridology?
at the end of meals?
a. They believe it is a good alternative melhod of diagnosis.
b. They doubt that the iris is unstable and give the discipline a. Your mother's advice was correct.
little credit. b. Put the leftovers in a bag to feed to the dog la1er.
c, lt involves the use of needles and drugs. c. Eating allthe food on your plale makes you less hungry.
d. lt promotes drug use. d. lt is not necessarily a bad thing to leave your meal unlinished.

38. Who was Peczely? 43. Why is eating wheat bread healthier than eating white bread?
a. a veterinarian who tended to injured birds a. ll is more nutritious and willfill you up faster.
b. a Iamous physicist who lived in the 171h century
b. lt is more nutritious and contains more calories.
c. a scientist who studied the behavior of certain birds
c. lt makes you feel fuller because it contains more calories.
d. the person who lirst got people interested in iridology
d. lt has more nutrients and lewer calories.

39. What is the purpose of this talk?

a. to persuade people that iridology is valid 44. What is the main purpose of this talk?
b. to explain the importance of Peczely's scientific contribution a.10 promote the idea of dieting t0 lose weight
c. 10 explain what iridology is and what experts think ol the discipline b. to promote healthy eating as an alternative to dieling
d. t0 prove that iridology is a valid diagnosis technique c. to outline different types of effective diets
d. to provide advice 0n how to lose weight without
40. What does the speaker mean when f,, ,uyr, ( ) watchjng your diet
a. Peczely is to blame for causing this serious problem.
b. Peczely is one of the few people lo take iridology seriously.
c. lf people take iridology seriously, then that is going to be thanks
45. What does the speaker mean when she srr a(
)
a. lf you feellull, you tend to be less hungry.
to Peczely's work.
b. People who eat a lol leel fuller.
d. Peczely needs 10 take his studies seriously iI he wants
c. lf you don't eat a lot, you willleel fuller.
other people to.
d. Don't eat as much as you want just to feel Iull.

NOTES NOTES

164
 *
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li:,trn inI M
Dort ist enin
7
a

Queslions 46-5O
Look ot the guestions. Th€n listen to o lrovel ogent tolking to potentiol NOTES
customers.

46. What does the speaker advise travelers to do when they find out where
their layover at the airport will be?
a. find a map of how to get to the terminal
b. search the internet to find out more about the airpoft
c. search the internel t0 find out about attractions near the airport
d. print out a map of the local area

47. What practical things does the speaker suggest travelers can do during
the layover at the airport?
a. try 10 make some new friends
b. try to change to a later flighl
c. try to get a better seal on their connecling Ilight
d. try to ask other lravelers for inlormation about the airport

48. What does the speaker N0T mention you can lind in shops at the airport?
a. gifts for people
b. reading material
c. lhings to wear
d. prescription medicine

49. What is the main point ol the talk?

a. to offer advice on what t0 do during an airport layover
b. to promote the facilities of an airport
c. to encourage travelers to do more airport shopping
d. to encourage travelers to spend more time in airports

50. Whal does the speaker mean when n, ,ryr' {)

a. Take advantage ol virtual shopping, also known as online shopping.
b. Take advantage 0f the great prices and go shopping.
c. l\/lake use of all the good facilities and shops close by.
d, l\ilake use ol these great tips on how to find good sh0ps and facilities.

r
 test B
;l: rammar
51. It is notworth.,. Jerny now 56. "Have you been to the new 61. Joe has always... Mr. Shanley
because she works late on night club in town?" and thought of him as a father
Tuesdays. "Rarely.... the chance to go figure.
call out, let alone to a night club." a, set up to
to call I do have b. set in for
calling have do I {. looked into
to calling do have I d. looked up to
do I have
52. The doctor had aranged 62. We are really looking forward
you at 5:00 but was called 57. I don't remember exactly to... Ardrew after all these
away on an emergency. what John told me, but I know years.
to see he said that he ..... tonight. a. see
seeing couldn't come b, seeing
to be seeing had come c. for seeing
for seeing comes d. will see
will have come
:-3, "Excuse me, but who made 63. Susan shouldn't stay home all the
the .... at this particular hotel? 58. "What excuse did Mark give time because it's not healthy.
"They don't have our name for not coming this time?" She .... to get some fresh air,
written down." "He apologized for not being zr. must
reserving able to come and said..... i11." li. needs
reseruable it. was c. should
reserved b. is d. have
reservation c. he was
ri. he be 64, Fred's parents are very stdct
5.1. When you see the Smiths will and stated clearly that he ....
you please tell ....... that I 59. II I had knorn ...... car this \\as. finish all of his homework
was sorry they missed m_v T would have asked them to before he could go out.
Paltlr? park somervhere e1se. r- had to
they who b. should to
them whose c. ought to
to them to whom d. need to
themselves rvhoever
65. They .... out all night last night
55. ........ does this book belong to? 60. Ronnie can't stand.... late; because Gary can't even keep
a. Whom that's why she is always early. his eyes open this morning.
b. Who a. being a. should have stayed
c. Which tr. be h. ought to stay
d. Whose c. isb erng c. need to stay
d. having d. must have stayed

EXAM TIPS & STRATEGIES

"Non Definine clauses" A "."-d"fi"i"e cla4.e r.6lways sepa.ared f.o". rhe.esi
A ho^-defihihg claqse is d parl "f . s."r.".. lvhich sl".s of the sentenae w th commas,
exr.a ihforharioh abour rhe person ot rhing rhe speake. is G."/e.. wh. h.s b.." w.,l<;'.s i" . 1,."k f"/
rhe last six yeats has rccently started a new
Jf the hoh-defihihg .elalive claqse is oni ed, the meaning ..t..t ^.. teachet.
"f rhe w."d i+ .efe.s to s srill clea., Jr is inrrodaced l,y one The prep.sition c.^.s bef"re rhe relotrve proho4h,
"f rhe f.ll"wi"9 relarive pronouns, Her boss, with ||h"- .he "1isc"ss."1 th" p,"bl.^,
'wh.", "wh.h', 'whose', "wh;ch' ".lhe.elarive odve"b
asreed t. help he,.

166
 rA
fir,lrt rrt,3l- L,**.
G rammar
66. No sooner........ walked in the 73, He is .... soccer player: that s u h1 80. "Are you happy with how many
door than the telephone rang. the professional team drafted him. people tumed up at your party,
a. I a. an extremely amazing Renee?"
b. had I b. a very amazing "Yes! However, ..... of my friends
c. did I c. an amazing that had promised lo bring music
d. I had d. a slight amazing didn't come."
a. a little
67. As soon as ..... the work. I will 74. John thinks that Sarah is the b. much
call you. ...... ballet dancer in the world c. a few
a. I am finishing a. great d. a bit
b. finished b. good
c. I finish c. better El. "Wow, what happened here?"
d. finish I d. best "I1 ...... a tomado swept through
this room."
68. W. had.......... money to pay 75. Ifyou checked your work and a. seems to be
for the meal. wrote ....., you wouldn't have b. looks as though
a. barely a Iittle to rewrite and redo so much of it. c. it showing
b. rather too much a. more clearly d. is seeming
c. just enough b, most clearly
d. a few c. the clearer 82, How could I have known you
d. better clear ............. here?
69. Jack's teacher knows that he can a. is
do ....... than he does and that's 76. I can't believe Peter denied... the b. was
why she spends so much time money wheu he knows that I saw c. to be
encouraging him. him with his hand in the drawer. d. would be
a. the best a. to take
b. good b. taking 83. Could you please direct ... to
c. more good c. take the lobby so the receptionist
d. better d. for taking can issue our rooms?
a. us
70. "What did you get your god- 77. "Why didn't you go shopping and b, ours
daughter for Christmas?" buy something new for yourself?" c. our
"We bought her a ...... "Actually, I can't afford ......... d, we
swimming pool." anything at the moment."
a. circular, large, plastic, pink a. buying E4. My problem with Chinese food
b. large, circular, pint, plastic b. having bought is that it is sewed with ..... dce
c. plastic, circular, pink, large c. buy and I am allergic to rice.
d. circular, pinJ<, large, plastic d. to buy a. lots
b. very many
71. "Why do you have .... furniture in 78. "What's wrong Jimmy, why do c. so many
this room now?" you have such a serious look on d, so much
"We rearranged the furniture in your face?"
every room of the house today." "Oh, nothing serious; it is just 85. John got a great new job but it
a. so much that I wish Paul .......... here." requires him to be in the office
b. so many a. lived still by 8 am and he can't stand ....
c. few b. was living still early every morning.
d, only two c. still Iived a, wake up
d. lives still b. waking up
72. The Shauls are getting ready to c. for waking up
leave and since you came with 79. Iam very appreciative of all that d. having woken
........, I am guessing that you are Amy told me. She encouraged
leaving as well. ............... again.
a. they a. me to try
b. theirs b. to try
c. them c. trying
d. themselves d' Itry

@t
 I

ocabulary
88. After discovering his use of 95. The musician needed to learn
EXAlvI TIPS & STRATEGIES illegal drugs, the champion the piece very quickly, so she
"Binominals" was forced to ......... his title. .......... all the time.
Bi^o,-ihals a.e exp.essions h,here +wo a. hold on to a. rehearsed
w..Js o.e joihed ty . .."jq^c+ioh s"ch
b. make off with b. stopped
o. 'and", "to', 'or', "6,+".
The erpressi"ns a/e c. give up c. announced
"sqally idi.6^ri.
.".1 rh. .f rhe N.rds d, put away d. Iistened
".d."a,. ,"d,"ly r,.ed isir "s.ally
r:xe,,. I h.y ialo,-
89. Being the first to climb the 96. Would you mind if I.........
mountain, Sylvia set the .... you to some ice cream?
C.mplete rAe satences using the
b;".^i^.ls b.1.,^" for all others. a. bought
a. job b. Iorgot
b, game c. treated
c. list d. dealt
d. precedent
1. Did you kh.w rhol yo( are !!ea.inq 97. The tasty bread was ......... at
2 90. The doctor...... the infected just the right temperature.
leg with a medical saw. a. ruined
2. A"9b h9 wirl\ yoP pate^ts . a. severed b. overcooked
of 9.o\!ihe "p. b. attached c. unprepared
3, T here'. no poihr avoidihq hihl os c. split d. baked
),.r will have r. f.ce hih. d. kept
98. Tommy likes to read about
4, ]-lis healrh h-s i"1P..ve.l ih 91. Who are you to ...... me? paioting, so he has subscribed
, s. he, P/ol,auy You are no better than me to several.........on art.
lea". h.spi+al soon,
a. mark a. pictures
5 b, comment b. magazines
J , I 1,1.. ,. r hd ,L voh alr ,o, . o{,h9. c. judge c. hooks
d. calculate d, classes
6, J t' be tl\e,e abo.r =ix o'.lo.lt
ieh hihhtes.
92, You need to ........ more on 99. I ......... our time of ardval
your studies. to be about 6 p.m. .

a. study a. estimate
b. listen b, interpret
a. J've l,eeh.l"rvihg
c. pay attention c. experiment
f/.h +he ofrrce ro rhe io!!h oll .loy d. focus d. discriminate

86. Please try not to .... the pages 93. The teacher was not .......... 100. The .......... among us is that
in the book. with the student's explanation we should not see the movie.
a. wrinkle for not doing his homework. a. method
b. keep a. excited b. discussion
c. steal b. satisfied c. colsensus
d. iron c. convinced d. altemative
d. taken
87. John is very ... . He always 101. The rock was too hard and
completes his work on time 94 ......... was the banker's sole thick for the ddll to .......... it
a. lazy motivation for working 100 a. see
b. disciplined hours a week. b. remove
c. disorganized a. Life c, penetrate
d. irresponsible b. Greed d. push
c. Laughing
d. Sleep

E
 +*
utit,l hul ,lrf ;

v ocabula
102. The teacher....... that I would 109. The prisoner was starving 116. After a night of too mary
receive good grades, if I studied. because he was ......... of parties, I felt .......... the next
a. motivated food for ten days. day at work.
b. tiked a, released a. happy
c. forgot b. deprived b. healthy
d. predicted c. given c. awake
d. replaced d. exhausted
103. ......... on to the railing as you
walk down the stairs to the 110. John .........over the dilemma of 117. Morris has nerves of steel.
basement.
choosing between his wife and He never...., under pressure.
a. Touch
his mother. a. succeeds
b. Grasp a. laughed b. hesitates
c. Remove
b. imagined c. signifies
d. Hold
c. enjoyed d. accomplishes
d. agonized
104. The adverse weather conditions
118. The judge ......... his head at the
did not ........... alter our travel
I11. The runner's new shoes...... her childish disagreement between
plans to New York.
a. hopefully
speed ir the 100 meter dash. the couple.
a. fixed a. banged
b. significantly
b. enhanced b. shook
c. influentially
c. lost c. waved
d. productively
d. contributed d. slapped
105. It will be impossible for you to
112. The adyertisement does not 119, L......... that spot on the beach
..... )our shooting abiliry in lhar
........ say when the party begins before you.
small amount of time.
at the club, a. claimed
a. improve
b. keep a. explicitly b. came
c. temember b. remotely c. arrived
d. stop c. happily d. drank
d. violently
106. A sore throat was one of the 120, The athlete ...... his left ankle, so
several ........ caused by the 113, The group of hungry workers the doctor put it in a cast.
drugs. ......... their dinner like wild a. slipped
a. side effects animals. b. ftactured
b. weaknesses a. starved c. fell
c. improvements b. Ieft d. tdpped
d. misgivings c. devoured
d, removed
107. The politician was voted out of
office because he failed to ... 114. Did you put the book back on
the people. the ......... like I told you to?
a. see a. roof
b. hear b. shelf
c. represent c. plate
d. misguide d. base

108. "The Internet needs to provide 115, Because the lazy detective didn,t
better......... to its users". said ...... search the crime scene. no
the manager, one was ever arrested_
a. specific a. superficially
b. season b. quietly
c. service c. thoroughly
d. selection d. quickly

159
 a
1

This passage is about extreme weather phenomena.

\t was an unpopular week (or Why were weaffter reporfers fiying eggs orl rfte
weathermen. ln almost every sidewalks?
corner of the U.S. last week, a. Because the weather was so hot.
the news was bad and the b. Because they were hungry.
forecast was for more of the c, Because they wanted to be chefs.
same. ln the Midwest. where
the swollen Mississippi contin-
L. ? d, Because there was no electricity so they could
not cook food at home.
ued to turn streets into rivers
and fields into lakes, the flood-waters reached record heights According to the passage, what happened in early
and kept climbing. ln the South and the East - where the wilter in some Southwest cities?
temperature rose to more than 380C in many cities - weather a, Therc was a drought.
reporters were reduced to such timeworn tricks as frying b. There was a hurricane.
eggs on sidewalks. Even the breaks in the weather were bad. c. Thcre was a heatwave.
It snowed in Colorado but melted too fast in most places to d, There uas loo much rain.
please skiers. ln South Carolina, which had been spared the
Midwest's downpours, the total rainfall forJune was 1.9 cm The holiday season in France has been
instead of the normal I 2.2 cm, causing millions of dollars in a. very good in recent years.
agricultural losses. b. spoiled by the weather.
c, getting shorter every year.
But meteorologists have more than iust last week to d, canceled by the French government.
answer for. Last March, 20 states from Florida to Maine were
briefly paralyzed by something that scientists called an "extra- The drought in Westem Queersland, Australia, is
tropical cyclone" - a blizzard with hurricane-strength winds a, not causing alarm.
that covered parts of North Carolina with 127 cm of snow. b. not very widespread.
ln early winter, some Southwest cities got a year's supply of c. the longest in history.
rain in six weeks. A record number of tornadoes ( 1,38 I in all) d. due to begin in March.
touched down on U.S. soil last year, as well as America's
costliest weather disaster, Hurricane Andrew, which If there is a "black rainstorm alert" what can
destroyed $20 billion worth of property in Florida alone. you expect?
a. a hailstorm
Nor is the outrageous weather limited to North America. b. a storm during the night
Hailstones the size of tennis balls last weel< bombarded c. rain which has turned black from pollution
France, a country whose precious vacation time has been d. very heary rain
spoiled lately by hot springs, cool summers and snowless ski
slopes. Farmers in western Queensland, Australia, are
through the state's longest and most widespread drought.
New Delhi recorded its hottest day in more than 40 years in
June; Rome last week had its hottest day of this century
lbrrential rains have become so severe in Hong Kong that
meteorologists developed a new term - blacl< rainstorm alert
- to signal their approach.

EXAM TIPS & STRATEGIES

ln Part & Part 4 of the reading section, use exactly the same words/phrases as
two of the reading passages are usually in the text. You must qujckly scan the
a multiple matching exercise, even text for the specific information you
though you have multiple choice need. Do not spend time thinking
answers. You are given questions and about unknown words as they are
must find the answers. probably not important and are not
The questions often paraphrase what is necessary for you to be able to answer
in the text. Sometimes the questions this type of question.

170
 +*
t
6
,.,
u rf
;F1:# rt

t t
This passage is about reading.

Even if you have only read 126. What does the w ter suggest in paragraph 1?
one book in your life, you will a. Only those who read a lot can appreciate how
appreciate what reading offers. reading benefits us.
It gives you unparalleled b. There is no form of entertainment that can
pleasure, cultivates the mind,
compare with reading.
and provides the reader with
c. The only purpose of reading is to get new data
both data and l<nowledge.
and knowledge.
We learn to read and write at an early age. Our first
d. Many people will only ever read one book
encounter with reading is probably when we are read fairy
tales by our loved ones. Then, at school, we begin learning
in their lives.
the alphabet and basic maths, and this opens up a whole new
world to us. We read fun and exciting facts about animals, When, accolding to the writer, are we tirst
plants and the universe. We ask 'why' and .hoW, and books introduced to books?
provide us with many of the answers. Course books escort a. in the first years of primary school
us right through our primaryJevel education, and indeed all b. after we learn the alphabet and basic maths
the way to our final day at university. We learn to read, then i. when we read fairy tales at home
read to learn, and keep reading to keep learning. lt's only d, when our carers read stories to us at a young age
through reading that we are exposed to information from dif-
ferent sources. The latest developments in technology, 128. What does the writer say about people who start to
advancements in science, breakthroughs in different fields,
read early in life?
the inventions, discoveries, product launches, movie reviews,
a. They tend to look on the bright side of situations.
celebrity gossip, changing political scenarios; reading informs
b. They typically lead happy and content lives.
us on just about everything around us and all that is
toing on c. Their personalities influence their choices
in the world. of
Book-readers from a young age typically excel academically. reading material.
The way they think and act is different from those who have d. They tend to live in a fantasy world full of
not been exposed to reading in the same way. Reading not happy endings.
only adds to their general knowledge but also influences their
personalities; it teaches them about life through the eyes of 129. What is meant by the phrase ,formative years,
others, fills them with morals and principles, and gives them a on line 2 of the second-tolast paragraph?
sense of optimism which can rarely be imparted so effectively a. the years in which a child learns to read
as from a book with a happy ending. b. the years of formal education
Reading good books is, therefore, clearly very important
c. the years when a child is learning and cleveloping
during the formative years of a child,s development. lt's
their personality
during childhood and the teenage years that reading inspira_
d. the very early years of childhood
tional stories can have a profound effect. lf, during these
years of a child's life, books become their companions, the
child will develop a love of reading and grow up to be more
Which ol the tbllowing is NOT a reason mentioned in
resourceful than they would have without this passion. the text for why a child should be encouraged to
The more you read the more creative and imaginative you read?
become. Reading improves your comprehension skills and Lr" Reading can encourage an optimistic outlook.
refines your analyzing and problem-solving abilities. Reading i. Reading is related to improved academic
offers you knowledge; knowledge gives you confidence. performance.
Basically, reading broadens your horizons and enables you to r:. Reading improyes your abilitu to flnd solutions
understand both yourself and the world around you more to problems.
clearly. But, most important of all, reading provides fuel for ii, Reading is a way for parents to teach chilclren
the soul, and without it, life would be very dull indeed.
about their own morals and principles.

171
 a

tr The Writers' Creative Workshop

The Writers' Creative
E Sophialackson
a member of the editorial team
at the Writers' Creative Workshop
lYorkshop is the world's
Ieading advice group for Sophia has been a tcrtor in Creative Writing at Columbia

first-time writers. Universiry, USA, for the last six years, teaching courses in
We offer: romantic fiction and horror, with workshops on plot
development, character development, research, drafting
o Tough, constructive editorial advice: Send your and avoiding clich6s - or, more formally, coming up with
manuscript and we'll tell you in detail what's original content.
rvorking and how to fix the stuff that isn't yet
right. She has published four novels with Selective Agency. Her
. Help with literary agents: Ifyourwork is strong fourth bool<, "Winter Melancholy" (201 2), chans a love
enough to be published, we have conlections affair that is doomed to fail due to family and financial
with literary agents and can help get 1,our work pressures. ln 2005 she won the Universal Art Award.She
out there. is presently writing a biography of Agatha Christie.
. Writing and self-editing courses: The main thing
that holds a new writer back is figuring out where
to start. How do you structure a story or bring a
character to life? Our courses are designed to Creative Writing Tips
teach you these things.
Our customers have achieved notable success and . Transport the Reader
they have many positive things to say about us. into your \ orld: Creative
Read their testimonies at: Writing involves taking
the reader from where
www.creativeworkshop.com/critiques
The office is open Morr -Fi between 9:00 ant to 6:00 pm
they are (the real world) *{-1
to where you want them
E m o il : i nf'o CQ c re a t it ev'o rls lto p. c o nt to he. Jn order to do this-
you must descdbe your fantasy world in colorful detail

tr Festival Of Writing
7th -9th October, University of Columbia, USA.
. Get the Reader Involved: Develop characters the
reader can relate to in the hope that the readel will
start to become emotionallv attached to some and
therefore have a sense of involvement in the plot as
it unfolds.
Discover the festival...
. Plot: Alwa\,s have an idea of where you want your
The festival is the perfect place to make contacts
story to go before you begin wdting it. Sure, the plot
- that's why all the agents flock here every year, of wiil develop further during the creative process, but
course - but you'll also learn more than you ever you have to start somewhere.
thought possible in a weekend if you are prepared
to look beyond the agents'tent. Check out our: . Don't ShoE Off: If you feel the need to show off to
. extraordinary workshops vour readers, this is a bad sign because it suggests
o afternoon mini-courses. that you are not confident in yourself and want to
And get one-to-one feedbacl< on your worl<. prove sometl]ing to people. Alwa)rs stay true to your
There are also contact-the-agents sessions, competi- own style and clon't try to be a writer you are not.
tions, as well as the famous last-night cocktail dinner, This willjust come across as pretentiousness to the
and, of course, much, much more. reader.

Check out our workshop schedule on: www.write$festivol.com

172
r ,= nrI
+
{
ffi H R eadin a

Questions 131-132 refer to section A, Questions 136.I38 refers to section D.

131. Which of the following services is NOT offered by the 136. What is the main purpose of section D?
Writers' Creative Workshop? a. to provide help and advice to editors
a. help building a network of contacts b. to provide information on tlte content of a wdting
b. lessons on how to edit your own work
cource
c. honest feedback on the quality of your work c. to highlight some effective writing techniques
d. help for literary agents looking to lind good material
d. to criticize different writing techniques

132. What is the main purpose of section A? 137. What does the writer say about the plot of your novel?
a. to encourage people to take up writing by showing a. Do not plan and allow the plot to develop naturally
them that help exists during the creative process.
b. to advertize the seryices of the Creative Workshop to b. Just start wdting and you will begin to think
literary agents creatively and develop the plot.
c. lo give advice on writing techniques c. Have a very detailed idea of the plot before you start
d. to promote the services of the Creative Workshop wdting and stick to it very closely.
d. Have in mind a general plot but allow it to develop as
your writing progresses.
Question 133 refers to section B,
133. What is the main purpose of the Festiyal of Writing? 138. Based on the information in the text, which of these tips
a. to bring writers and agents together
would NOT be appropriate for a new writer?
b. to provide educational services for writers a. use interesting and lively desc ptions
w tem the chance to get private feedback on
c. to give b. make your characters seem real
their work c, plan youl' storyline in advance
d. for wdters to get together and compare work d. use difficult lalguage to impress the reader

Questions 139-140 refer to two or more sections.

Questions 134-135 refer to section C. 139. Which sections provide information about w ting lessons
134. What is Sophia Jackson NOT teaching in her courses at
or cources offeled?
Columbia? a.A.BandC
a. the art of wdting romance and horror rnaterial
b.A,CandD
b. methods for coming up with unique ideas
c.B.CandD
c. classes on how to develop the storyline of your material
d.A.BandD
d. methods for editing draft work by other writers
140. What will Sophia Jackson probably be doinA on October 7th?
135. In the second paragraph what does ,that,refer to on
a. holding workshops
line 3? b. meeting agents
a. family pressures c, promoting her work
b, family and financial pressures d. attending a dinner event
c. a novel
d. a romantic relationship

@
 a
Part 4
Artifi cial Existence C.ompany c CONCERNS OVER
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AT
ARTIFICIAL EXISTENCE COMPANY
There are no boundaries. Artificial lntelligence (Al) is
This reporter is growing more and more concerired rvith
communication.
the moral and ethical values of Artificial Existence Company
O€SIGN: Eve is an electronic Virtual lnteractive Entity.
as it continues to pusl] the boundaries of artificial life.
The design phase involves three elements that when
Intcliigence is after all a gift of nature. so we should ask our-
merged result in an interactive, intelligent virtual entity that
seives if rve really have the right to create intelligent artificial
is unbelievably responsive to users.
TECHNOL06Y: Most robotic forms of intelligence devel- life forms and play God.
oped so far have been limited in terms of how they can The idca of machines becoming substitutes for human
beings in the completion of many common tasks sounds very
communicate to a series of scripted responses. Eve, on the
other hand, opens the door to infinite communicative Possi- good indeed on first appraisal: it appears to save us all a lot
bilities. lt responds to user input using a complex robotic of pain and trouble, and offers us up a bounty of additional
brain to arrive at the appropriate reply, taking into consider- free time. But is it really such a great idea? I mcan. can rve
ation the person it is responding to, the context and the reall), entrust artificial life forms to do work which involves
environment in which the interaction is takint Place. judgement or ethical decision-making? Surely only humans
U$E; Our'bot'can be used in many contexts. Tell us your are equipped to do this.
company's needs and we will tailor Eye to meet them. Bcsides, if robots begin replacing humans on a lalge scale,
There really is no end to the ways in which this technology rve may fild oursclves becoming laz-v, both in mind and body,
can be applied - apart from the lack of emotion, Eve could thercby slowing the cause of technological advancement.
nearly be mistaken for a real person! And another issr.lc we have to grapple with is u,hat happens
Contoct us to the emoil oddress: [email protected] if we outdo oursehres: that is, create machines superior to the
hunan race. What then? Do q,e become their seryants?

fi;..8J FROM: The Stratcgic Advisory Corrmittce

iLln:+ TO: Artificial Existence Con]pan)'s Managing Director.
Introduction
A-rtificial Inteliigencc has applicatiors in every rvalk of life. Robotic systcms QUESTION FROM A VlSlrOR
norv occupy manyjobs ir industlies Nhere humal involvement is considered TO THE COMPANY'S WEBSITEI
hazardous fo1 examplc. This is just one of the many ways in wl'tich advanccd
technology can be utilizecl. Here are some olore sectors which could benefit What is Artificlal lntellig€nce?
lrom inveslment in trurl Al techn.-'l.rgt.
Hear.t- Industlf, Artificial intelligence (Al) is a division of science
Entire manufactu Dg processes can no\v bc manned and super"*iscd by that is concerned with the study of advanced com-
robotic machincry. Such systems are aheady- employed in cal' maltufacture. puter technology and efforts to make this technol-
machine tool production, computcr chip ploduction and almost ever! high- ogy more responsive, interactive and intellitent,
tech. assemblyJinc process. Hazardous tasks like handling precalious with the end goal being to create a man-made
radioactivc materials ard bon]b disposal are also carlied out bv robotic device that operates with a processing system as
machincs today. Our research and technology could pal'e the wal lbr futther close as possible in likeness to the human brain.
developments were $e to entcr into partnership with industry insiders - lalge 5o far, scientists have been able to create machines
nanufacturing companies prepared to share with us thcir developmental which make complicated judgment calls and solve
needs. They would specily thc roles ard taskl,pes thcy lvould like automat- difficult problems in a humanJike way, which
ed and we would address fcasibility issues and ploduce the technolog)'to means that many problems that necessitate intelli-
elable sucir automation to occur. gence and reasoning can now be successfully
Aviation resolved by using computers.
Fully automated flights have yet to go commercial. There is an opportunit)
for our company to piooeer the use of this technology as wc havc most of the
Although mainly associated with computer science,
requiled technological systems already in place. Again, we would have to
Aft ificial intelligence has innumerable applications
look for a paltner - an airline company - willing to begin trials of the qTstems
in fields such as agriculture, medicine, maths and
with the aim being to coDrmercialize automatcd flights belbre anyone eise.
biology. But the science of Al is still in its infancy
Conclusion
It is my bclie{ that the technology we havc developed can becomc verv prof- really and much of its potential remains unharnessed.
itable as it has uses in many lcading industries. In order to cxploit this com-
mercial opportunity however, we must cntcr into partnerships with estab-
lished companies operating within our target indusuies.

174
 I'

&
R eatxih a

Questions 141.142 refer to section A. i i6. What does the writer think will happen if robots begin
ll1. Why is Eve superior to other similar technologies? replacing people in jobs?
a, Eve uses scdpted responses to communicate in a a. robots will develop human characteristics
variety ofways. b. robots will leam to make ethical decisions
b. Eve can respond to users while other similar c. people will start to become lazy
technologies hrve no uar ofcummunicrring. d, technologr will progress even faster than it does now
c. Eve is able to communicate with users in a far more
complex way than any other robotic technologies. 1,17. The phrase 'grapple with' on line 1 of the last paragraph
d. Eve can opcn doo6 and lesportd to user input. is closest in meadng to:
a. deal with
1ll. Wrat is the main point of section A? b. ignore
a, to update investo$ o[ the ptogress of a new research c. avoid
project called Eve d. highlight
l!. to evaluate the quality of the artificial intelligence
product, Eve Question 148 refer to section D.
c. to report on the possible applications of artificial - What is the main purpose of section D?
intelligence technology- in the future a, to describe how machines solve difficult problems
d. to inform companies about a new and highly b. to explain how AI allows compute$ to think like
advanced product humans
c. to define the term Artificial Intelligence
Questions 143-144 refer to section B. d. to argue that AI has numerous applications
1"{3. What strategy does the writer think the company should
follow? Questions 149.150 refer to two or more sections.
a. develop a techlology system for car manufacture i-l9. Which sections provide inlbrmation on rhe applications
b. set up its own assembly factory of artificial intelligence that would be of interest to
c, find industry partners to develop technology for companies wanting to find out about whether or not
d. develop generaluse automated technology they could berefit from using this technology?
a. sections B, C and D
1.11. \{h2f 6ppqllunity exists in aviation? b. sections A, B and C
a. be the first to develop automated flight technologt, c. sections A, B and D
b. a trial partnership with an aviation compary d. all sections
c. be the first to bring in automated commercial flights
d. be the first to t al fully automated flights Based on the inlbrmatiol] you read in the four sections.
which of thesc state[relts is most accurate?
a. Already, computers that czrn have emotions like
Questions 145-147 refer to section C. humans have been developed and are being tested.
l -15. Why does the writer mcrtior God?
h. While automated systems are already being used in
a, to suggest God would be unhappy with developments some tasks, Artificial Intelligence still has limite{l
in technology applicability.
b. to show that he is religious Alificial
c. Intelligence is trot as useful as we had
c. because he thinks humans are playing the role of God initially thought.
with new technology d. Aatificial IDtelligence has little applicability other
d. because God is not the most intelligent life form of all than in the area of aviation.

r
 f est B hi ::..

riting
Read the fotlowing announcement from a local paper about an animal shelter that is looking for homes for stray
animals. Then, do either task A or task B, For task A you will write a tetter. For task B you will write an essay. Do
only ONE of these tasks. Your writing will be graded on how fluently and clearly you can express your ideas in
English.

\ You will have 30 minutes to wrlte

your etter or essay.
s YoLr may make an outline or notes in
your test booklet if you wish, but your
outline will not count toward you[ score
s You will not be graded on the
appearance of your paper, but your
handwriting must be readable. You may
change or correct )our Nrit\ng, but you
should not recopy the whole essay.
S Use your own words as much as fl
possible. Do not copy a lot from the
article given below.

news r
CAN YOU OFFER
-
A GOOD AND TOVING
lf you feel you can offer a
HOME TO AN ANIMAT?
home to any of our "residents",
rrrite u: a letter telling us what
We have dogs, cats, rabbits, kind of animal you would like
birds and many other and why you think you could
anirnals that need to tre of{er it a good home.
re-homed. All our ani- Please include some informa-
mals have had thorough tion about the kind of home
health checks. and area you Iive in.

t L.e+ter
You have just read the above announcement and would Iike one of the animais.
Write a letter to the animal shelter, explaining rvh1, you think you would make a good pet owner

€ssay
Animals play an important role in the lives of people. Give examples of how and why
animals are inportant to man.

176
q,"lt[
it in rl u W riti n a

POINTS THAT CAN BE INCLUDED: fask A: Model Letter

Dea/ .9i/,/MaJam/
D Needs of the animals
J ah wrilihg io you h.efele^ce +o +h"."""""ce-
D responsibility / commitment blehr ih rhe 1"c.1 p.pe" ab""i h.heless ahimats J a.1
0 What an animal can offer ve.y ihleresreJ in sivlhg a ho"1e ro .h.
D What you can offer an animal "{ rh" .r"dy
D Your home / area you live Le+ -. r.ll y"" a f"w rhr"gs al,orr hysetf dhd hy
h.he a"J f.hily. J an slx+ee,r yea/s otd ahcl tn,e t!irh
my rh,elve year.lJ b."ih".6hd hy pareh+s. We o/e
oll ahi,^.t 1""... ahd h."e atways tlad o+ tedsr iLlo
Useful Vocabularg pets ]n o* h6qse at a'1y ohe t n1e.
good companion, \,Ve are.a..ehrly ve/y sad as o,,,. !,ohde/tqt .loe,
animal rights, Jess passe.l arlay los+ ,."nrh.she !{as fifieeh/ so
loyal, sh"'d h^,j 4 c."d, l"hq lif. l,"r -e niss her very
obedient, ^',.h.she \.,^s pa,+ "f ."r f^hily. \,v...e dlt l"
house-trained dsreehleh+ +har
'!" "e..1 .""rh". i.c +" fi +he h.l"
loving home/family, }h^r Jess h^s lefr.
\,V. li".
vet, "h rh. ""1€r" "f rh. i"w" so rirere are
guard dog, ple"+y
"f 9..J places ro ra[e a dog fo. 4 hice wo]k.
We doh'+ hihJ if rle hdve a yoahg o/
animal{riendly environment, "tJ d.s a. rtr.re
is.l"roys s."..."" ar ho"re so i} \,ill ,rer a lo+ of love
animal lover

J hop. y"" qs a
'ri)l cohside.
sqfioble fahity +o t..[.fr""
"h. "f
rhe ani^.ls rn yoar.a.e
Task Model Essay Y""rs f. hf"lly,

)L ie lrue Nhat, adfiAe ?lay ar )fi?ortanl rc)e )n

Ihe )iveo ol peo?le. )n Lhe paet, e.peclally. annals
were nee)ed lo l,rare?orL Veople and LhinA., afu t a
hel? faffnere in Lhe fielA.,
flowadaye. hawever. edrnalo are aLill inlporLarlt ia
u.. Bllrd ?eople u6e E)iae Ao4e Lo be their eye.. ao
they car ive ae nornal a llle ag ?aodble. aafie
honeownere )ike lo have quard do4e Lo prcLectt Writing Tips
Lhefi ani Nheir f afiilies frcr.i burl)ars. Furlherrnore,
the ?a):tce tuan Aaqe Lo hel? then f)qhL c.ime by
Think about the main points of your
f na)r4 Arq. or ex?loeivee. A)eo. mary ?ea? e )ike io letter. On the basis of the adver-
keep var oue anirna o ae ?eL1.
tisement, announcement or article
lrforLunalely. thouqh. animAo olten euller ir
lheir relalionohi? wiLh u9. 1dentl1lo uee anifialg )ike that you are responding to, make a
quinea ?iqg )r laba?Lorieo Lo tegL me^icines ar,A list of what you want to ask, what
pro^ucle LhaL wil beneliL hwar1 ln a^Aitar. Lhav information you want to give,
eanio of anfi1al. are killed every Aay ga LhaL we where you saw the advertisement,
can have fieel f-o eal, article, etc. Write clown the order of
fheee are aorne exafi?les of tha fiary wayo in the things that you want to include.
wri.. a'_flA'- d e -?ortdr ta *a.

w
 riting
Read the following new arti€le. Then, do either task A or task B. For task A you will write a letter. For task B
you will write an essay. Do only ONE of these tasks. Your writing will be graded on how fluently and clearly you can
express your ideas in English.

NEWS
Pork or Porking Lot?
Mony hove been questioning whelher or not the moyor mode the right decision in turning the porking
lot off Moin Street into o pork. opponenls of lhe ideo soy thot now peop e who wont to shop in town
wil hove nowhere to porkl They ore worrled lhis wil discouroge people from buying from ocol mer-
wil encouroge more
chonts. Supporlers of the plon soy the pork, which will be colled"Jomes Pork'
fomilies to spend time in town ond will odd some much needed greenery to the downtown oreo.

A. L€tter Paragraphs Points (letter)

Write a letter to the editor of the newspaper stating
your opinion about the park. Do you think encourag- lntroduction:
ing commerce is more important than offering open- Paragraph I -State why you are writing this let-
spaces and greenery for people to enjoy? Why do you ter and then state your opinion
feel how you do? introduction thot about the issue. Be clear and con-
indicotes topic and cise here.
n
-
Discuss the issue. What arguments
Main Bodv
might each side make? Why are
Paragraph 2 (&3)
your arguments stronger than those
of the other side? Why do you feel
Moin points ond argument,
how you do about this issue?

-Make a general statement about

Conclusion
the issue, remaining true to your
Last Paragraph
opinion. Sum up your main points.

B. Essay Paragraphs Points (essay)

Write an essay discussing the importance of parks and
greenery in urban areas. Do you feel parks are neces-
sary or would the space be better used for business? Paragraph I -State here, briefly, why you do or do
Give reasons for your opinions. not thinl< parks are important. Don't
An introduction thot indicotes go into detail yet.
topic ond position.

- Give a detailed report of why you

Main Body
think parks and greenery in urban
Paragraph 2 (&3)
areas are important or why you think
they are not. What reasons can you
Moin points ond orgument,
think of to back up how you feel?

Conclusion -Sum up your main points and state

Last Paragraph your conclusion.

E
 peaking TI,OBIDA
HELP SOLVE A PROBTEM

Stage I
. How often do you go on vacation?
. Do you prefer going on vacation with your friends or your parents?
. Where do you usually stay?
. What means of transportation do you often use when going on vacation?
. /
What sort of programs films do you like to watch?
. What is there to do in the evening in (your town /
village)?
. What hobbies do you have?
o Do you have any siblings?
r What is your family like?

Stage 2
Situation: lam your friend and I have a "{
problem. Find out what my problem is and
offer me some good advice.

First: You should look at the pictures

below and ask:
o Who is the person?
r What is the problem?
. What are the possible solutions?
o What is the disadvantage to each solution?

Stage 3
Then: When you have all the information you need, explajn what you've
declded. Be ready to explain your choice. Remember to use informa|on
you learned lrom asking questions to explain your final choice. Useful Expressions
Expressing Likes/Dislikes
Stage 4 . ld like to ...... . enioy .........

Finally, after you have shared your decision, you will be asked . ...... s my favorite ...... because I find it quite interesting.
more questions about the topic. . ldorl like ivrg r1 ....... becaLse l'i1d r.......
Giving advice and making suggestions
. How about asking them t0.....?
. Why don't you discLrss the problem wlth your parents?
c Why not tell them that you can find a weekend iob to
contr bute to the expenses?
. He,/She d better,,.. . lf lwere in his/lrer posit on, lwould......

r
 p ai''
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1

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A B C

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A B c
6

GALLUP AUSTIN BOSTON

A B C

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A c
B

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A B
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9

A B ating rink C I Drinks

10

GOOD BAD DTVORCE

A B C

11

$ 25000 $ 30000 $ 45000

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12 o \ SS

b
N b
D
6
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A B

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 istening Dorr I
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A B til
14

t hour L r/z hour 2 hours

A B c
15 Church Mud Baths
Jv
stt
16
r B c

orial
A B c sery1ce

17 C--_ 2
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nNn
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3

la
A B C
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1B
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A - B c

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Dort I L ist enin a

19 F-

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20
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24:OO 7200 7zl0

A B II
21
s

A B C

22

T )
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A B 4 = C

23

ROBERT
GARRET'I MUSEUM
ALEXANDER

A B C

24 LO IANA ST. LOUIS RO UNTAINS

A B C

@
 istening Dort I
25
aa
I tt
A B C

26 I
EST-ONIA
I
uqrvxA.

A H II I

27

A B C

28

A E C rl ltr

29

A B

30
ts
e {s e e {s
A r C

E
IEtrninU
PorT 2 -g f ist enin a

ln lhis port of the test, you will heor four shorl tolks. Alter eoch tolk, you wlll heor some queslions obout
lt.
Before eoch tolk beglns, you will hove time lo preview the questions thol ore printed in th; test booklet.

. Reod the quesllons silently.

. Then listen to the tolk. you con loke notes in the booklet.
. Then listen to eoch questlon ond choose lhe besl onswer from lhe onswer choices.
. Mork your onswsrs on lhe seporole onswer sheef. you should mork A, B, C, or O.

There or€ o tolol of 20 queslions obout the four short tolks.

Questions 3l -34
Look ot the queslions. Then listen to o firefighter tolking on o NOTES
rodio show.

31. How long does the speaker imply smoke detector batteries usually last?
a. 1 to 2 years
b. 8 to 10 years
c. 6 months to 1 year
d. 1 to 10 years

32. What is Americium-241?

a. a radioaclive material
b. a lithium battery
c. an electronic circuit device
d. a type of smoke deteclor

33. What is NoT an option when getting d ol an old smoke detector?

a. disposing of it in a nuclear waste disposal center
b. relurning it to the manufacturer to be recycled
c. returning jt to the manufacturer to be disposed of
d. dumpinq it at a landfill site

34. What does the speaker mean when snr saVs,{

a. examine it belore returning it )
b. seal it first and then throw it away
c. close it up or cover it belore putting it in the post
d. send jt away to be sealed

r
 istening
Questions 4f45
Dort 7
Queslions 35-39
Look ot the queslions. Then listen lo o dress moker Look ot the quesfions. Then listen lo o doclor tolking
tolking on the rodio. obout olternolive medicines.

35. Why does the speaker mention Vogue magazine? 40. What does the speaker say about aromatherapy?
a. to imply that rental outfits are very glamorous a. lt is known to produce side effects.
b. it is where renlal companies buy their outfits from b. lt is an essential plant oil.
c. to show that models use rental companies c. lt produces a soothing, calming effect.
d. it is one of the rental companies
d. lt is a remedy for serious depression.
36. What does the speaker say about the dresses you can rent?
a. they 41. Which essential oil does the speaker NoT mention?
are the latest fashion
b. they often arrive diny a. jasmine
c. they are usually a lew seasons old b. lemon
d. they cost aboul $70-$90 c. sandalwood
d. rosewood
37. What does the speaker say about how clean the dresses you rent are?
a. dresses need to be washed before being worn 42. What does the speaker say about yoga?
b. you have to sterilize your drsss before returning it a, Yoga is exclusively used as a de-stressing technique.
c. allthe rental companies always expect you to clean your dress b. Yoga is basically a series of stretching exercises.
before returning it
c, Yoga combines several ditferent lypes of techniques.
d. you will receive your dress in excellent condition
d. Yoga is a very modern relaxation melhod.

38. Why does the speaker encourage people to spend time

browsing the net? 43. Which ol these people would NOT benefit directly
a. it is ditficult to find a nice dress from doing yoga exercises?
b. it is easier to shop on several different sites a. someone under pressure at work
c. so thal they find exactly what they are looking for b. someone with a gambling addicli0n
d. it is cheaperto use several different sites c. a student anxious about exams
d. an ex-student depressed aboul lheir exam results
39. What does the speaker mean wnen fre says:
{ )
a. renting from several sites is a safer option '7 44. Which of these is NoT a Yoga exercise?
b- renting from several sites is quite simple
a. the back bend exercise
c. the trick is t0 rent from soveral sites
b. the standing up exercise
d. renting from several sites can be problematic
c, the legs up on the wall exercise
d. the forward bend sxercise

45. What is the purpose of the talk?

a. to discuss the side effects of aromalherapy and yoga '
b. to provide information about essential oils
c. to point out the downsides of natural therapies
d. to suggest natural remedies to light stress and depression

NOTES NOTES

186
IihtEn inU
L
Dort 2
a

Queslions 46-5O
Look ot th6 questions. Thon list€n to o lecturer tolking to leochers ol on NOTES
educolionol seminor,

46. What are students asked to do in a "what next" exercjse in critical thinking?
a. to break a story up into pats
b. to think of a good way to finish a story
c. to propose subtitles for a series of extracts
d. 10 match together extracts like a puzzle

47. ln what way does the "what next" activity help the criticalthinking processes ol students?
a. They learn how to write a letter.
b. They learn to think clearly and consider a range ol alternatives.
c. They learn to look Ior the obvious way to finish the story.
d. They learn 10 criticize each othefs suggestions.

48. What does Socratic Thinking involve?

a. It is a process that involves asking questions or making statements
which encourage discussion.
b. lt is a process of making assumptions to lind answers.
c. lt is a process that involves thjnking quietly about problems to find solulions
d. It is a process ol thinking quietly to gel to know yoursell better.

49. What kind oJ problem is NOT mentioned as one that students may be asked to solve?
a. a social problem
b. a medical issue
c. an jmaginary problem
d. an environmental issue

50. What is the main point ot the talk?

a. to persuade people to adopt critical thlnking methods
b. to examine different wrjting styles
c. to introduce the idea of criticalthinking and exercises that stimulate the process
d. to explain how ditficult it is to develop a critical mind

r
 C rammar
HKAM TIPS & STRATEGIES
a&er6ial
",}.Jagarive adverbs and 55. "Where can I find Beth and Kathy?" 61. Why didn't you tell me to buy
"They are.............. the top some sugar ifyou knew that
h'^.dly(."..) .a""ly of the mountain." there was .................... left?
ih ho way seldom not.ntil
at ho ii,^e a. in a. almost some
"".h b. on b. very none
no+ only ... 6u+ also
c. into c. barely
A" .d".,r, .r ., oJ"./r. .r Ph,...e d. onto d. hardly any
,".y r,e,e,\."eJ f..,,\ +5 ,,"/ n.r
r.-n." ..J Tl.. "J ., 'h" L"gi,'" ":r
ot senrence
o /..s.c.1
f.. 56. I will never be able to distinguish 62. What a coincidence! The
Jf rhis cohsr.h.rioh ls "s.d wi+h "he Paul ftom the other team moment I ...... , you called me.
.f ih. ab.v. ^d...bslddverbial members because I don't know a. thought you
phrases, rhe s.t,ie.r ahJ ve.b.f rhe
senlence thai rh. relales io what he ...... b. was thinking for you
hksr be ihve.red. ^J".rl, a. Iooks like c. was thinking about you
i\J.t ."ly did sh. 1.a". L"t b. like d. you thought
she didn't e.eh say goodl,ye.
.\1. s.."", had w, c"te.cn lp c. look
lp"s. thaq the pho"e ra"g. d. looks alike 63. "Ifyou want to talk to Bdan why
-Jr "o *ay qast yo- hte"left don't you call him yourself?"
57. I can't say that I have ever run "I just want you to ask
fast as Joe but I ............ a
as him ............. of me."
51. "Will you wait for me?"
medal in a triathlon. a. what he thinks
"Yes, I ................. ."
a. wait
a. am won b. what thinks he
b, won't b. was won c. what does think he

c. will c. have been winning d. thinks he what

d. waiting d, have won
64. Could you please look.......
52. "Ilave you ever been scuba diving?" 58. If you get frightened so easily, this article and give me your
"No, I have .........,.. been scuba how could you have told honest opinion?
diving because I can't swim." Martha that you were ............ a. to
a. sometimes in going on a roller coaster? b. over
b. never a. interesting c. in on
c, often b. interest d. into
d, ever c. interested
d. interests 65. "You look different Marla.
53. "Why do you want to stay home Have you done something
tonight instead of going to 59. Would all the people ............ on different to your hair?"
the theater with us?" the board of trustees please stand "Oh yes I ......................... red."
"Because ................. a film on up and introduce yourselves. a. got dyed
television that I have been a. who b. got it dyed
waiting to see for ages." b. who are c. got it to dye
a. it c, they are d. got dyed it
b. it's d. are
c. there 66. "Why are you eating like a bird?"
d. there's 60. You don't expect me to believe "My dietitian e ncouraged ..........
that this .... thing is a ring, do you? smaller portions."
54. "Jeremy, why were you so
miserable last night?"
a. ugly. round, plastic a. me that eat
"I felt terrible
because I ..
b. ugly, plastic, round b. to eat me
some a*{ul news."
c, round, plastic, ugly c. me for eating
a. had been told d. plastic, ugly, round d. me to eat
b. tell
c. am telling
d. have been telling

E
 *
G rammar
67. "Is today your fint day or 73. Cheryl was reading funny stories 80. "Has he been to the States before?"
this island?" that she had found in a book but "Yes, actually he.... here last year."
"Ihave been here.............. it was Hannibal ............. was a. came
quite some time now."
making everyone laugh. b. was coming
a. that c. have come
a. since b. it d. has come
b. from c. there
c. for d. whose 81. "Did you have a nice time at the
d. until swimming pool?"
74. "Why did Robert ask you to "No. the water was ...-..-.. I
leave the room?" couldn't swim,"
68. "Have you been crying?" "Because he ..... to study and we a, too warm that
"Yes. because I jusr received ....,. are making too much noise." b, worse than
bad news from home." a.try c, so warm that
a. some b. of try d. so much warm
b. a few c. trying
d. is trying 82. "Could you help me sir? I am
c, many looking for the nearest metro
d. these 75. Please Ellen. I know it wasn't station."
your fault, so stop apologizing "I can show you where ........... ."
69. I am so happy with the roller .......... to my poetry reading. a. is it located
a. you don't come b, it locates
blades I just bought. ...... being
b. don't come c. is located
inexpensive, they fit me perfectly. c. for not coming d. it is located
a. However d. not coming
b. In addition to 83. Where did you get all .........
c. Ard 76. There is too much work here for information from; a gossip
d. As well one person to do. If you wash magazite?
the dishes, I................ dry them. a. this
a. will b, those
70. "Is Tony going to get dressed b. must c. these
and act as the team's substitute c. may d. them
in tonight's game?" d. to
"He ...... not even be in town so I 84. If the secretary ........ me to
77. I hate to rain on your parade but please hold the line one more
don't know what the team will do."
you are taking so long to work time, I will hang up.
a. shall on your house lhat you ..... ir by a. is asking
b. ought the time you finish painting it. b. will be asking
c. might have a. will sell c. asks
d. might b. will have sold d. asked
c. have sold
d. are finished selling 85. How do you expect ......... the
71. What happened to Phil? He curtain color if I don't even know
injured ..... playing rugby last week. 78. "Did you go to Ardy's parry last what color the room is painted?
night?" "....... hard all day, I was a. I to choose
a. his self h. for me choose
h. him exhausted so I stayed at home."
c. I to be choosing
c. himself a. Being working d. me to choose
b. I work
d, self c, Because working
d. Having worked
72. Has your sister alu ays been so ...
or is it a recent development? 79. "Why don't we stop by Larry's
a. talk house and surprise him?"
b. talkative "That's a good idea but I don't
c. talkable know ..... ."
d. talking a. where does he live
b. he lives
c. where he lives
d. he lives where

EI
 ocabulary

89. Be ... when traveling alone 96. Be .......... with the guests because
EXEM TIPS & STRATEGIES a. sleepy they are very important for our
"€xpressions wi+h take" b. busy business.
Codple+e *he sentences below usins the a. devious
c.*ect f./h.f express;.ns .t phlasal c, alert
d. aggressive b. hurtful
vetbs with "tal<e".
c. courteous
t
^L."^{,". "aG advant ase rake in
+aLe pari +al.e ptide +^k b^cL. d. disrespectful
90. Are you really that ......
take up take on towards what you eat?
97. Did you........ the money evenly
1. rhe co".pa,ry "sually Do you really not care?
among your siblings?
ex+,,a s+a{f over +he 6usy Chris+mos a. hungry a, divide
b. careful b. spend
c. hopeless c. keep
d. indifferent d. lose
3. She re-ly J.es
d""."'+ .h'"? 91. The judge hoped that the 98. L...... that we go to the beach,
'^"th'.", jury would come to an but my friends refused.
4. J'h goihg +o objective verdict. a. optioned
+o t/y +o get fit, a. impartial b. suggested
b. hurtful c. legalized
rh".".'".1 thi"9. c. intefering
d. ordered
+ha+ yor saldl
d. disabled
99. The restaurant prohibited
6. She was
salesmen because they .......
92. Erplaining the plan to
the customers.
7, \d..ld y.. llke t. Shannon is .... . She just a. bother
won't listen or unde$tand. b. distress
a. Doir a. wise c. confide
b. pointless d. steal
c. meaningful
d. superficial 100. I will not ......... your
86, The wealth)' often look down misbehavior any longer.
on those who lack.......... . 93. The student constantl)r ........ a. endear
a. statistics during class because he b, tolerate
b, status doesn't sleep enough. c. induce
c. accounts d. evolve
a, yawns
d. figures b. yells
101. Unfortunately, Marcus ......
c. smiles
to grasp the concept for the
87. Chris.......... his money at the d. sings math test.
intemational airyort. a, succeeded
a. exchanged 94. Please .... from smoking on the b. passed
b. distorted airplane, as smoking is prohibited. c. returned
c. evolved a. stop d- failed
d. compared b. engage
c, refrain 102. Must you be so .....! You really
88, I lost the ......... for my d. exercise don't have to win at everything.
grandmother's famous pudding a. jealous
95. The policeman was ......... b. envious
a. plan
for breaking several rules c. ridiculous
b. prescdption
d. competitive
c. recipe a, promoted
d. detail b. honored
c. suspended
d. carried

190
 I
"/l:tt'lhUl
t
ocabula
f

103. Sandra ......... around after 110. Did you lose the ......... for 117. Did you ........... the potatoes
spraining her ankle during the putting the bike together? before you boiled them?
basketball game. a. lights a. harden
a. ran b. boxes b. peel
b. limped c. firings c. smoke
c. talked d. instructions d. share
d. reflected
111. With the dense fog outside, 118. The athlete's time in the race
104. Do you ......... on becoming an the roads are bareIy......... surpassed everyone's ..........
astronaut when you grow up? a. paved a. promise
a. hope b. visible b. track
b. wish c. viewed c. award
c, intend d. captured d. expectations
d. keep
112. I have never seen someone 119. I called the office 1or...........
105. We visited the archaeological climb that mountain. This is information about the program
.... dudng a class trip last fall a. incredible because I wanted to fiIId out
a, ruins b. boring more_
b. scenery c, overdone a. additional
c. movie d. enthusiastic b. less
d. season c. no
113. Because of her .......... it is d. bonus
106. The piano player at the bar difficult for her to make friends.
took... from the audience. a, smile 120. My uncle was a very ...... ...
a. requests b. beauty politician during his lifetime.
b. calls c. shyness Everybody knew him.
c. hands d. care a. ignorant
d. food b. famous
114. Vanessa was ......... - becarrse c. discrete
107. The investor was ............ after she was running late. d, unknown
the stock market crashed. a. frantic
a. rich b. calm
b. bankrupt c. composed
c. happy d, relaxed
d. enthusiastic
115. This is a(n) .......... exercise.
108. After you research the report, We keep doing the same thing
... it up for our presentation over and over.
on Monday. a. engaging
a. throw b. interesting
b. type c, monotonous
c. Iemove d. strange
d. mail
116. The results of the test were ....,
109. This proved to be a .... in determining the cause of the
endeavor, as I haye lost my accident.
entire day. a. dght
a. profitable b. hard
b. useful c. special
c. ftuitless d. inconclusive
d. remarkable

r
 I D
c R m Part 1

This passage is about elephants in Thailand,

121. Which of the following featured the elephant

The elephant is the on its flag?
national symbol of a. India
Thailand, but there b. Siam
seems to be no place c. Nepal
for the domesticated d. Bangkok
beast in today's
Thailand. When the 122. What is the elephant's natural habitat in Thailand?
country was known as a. plantations
Siam, mighty ele- b. the city
phants carried its c. the forest
kings into battle d. Bangkok
against Nepal and India and were pictured on its flag.
But now their forest habitat has been destroyed by loggers, 123. Why are elephants no longer useful in the countryside?
farmers and developers. Their usefulness as menial labor a. Technologr is now used to do their jobs.
and a means of transportation has virtually been eliminated b. There are not enough elephants left.
by technology. So hundreds of Thai people have led their c. There are no more battles.
elephants to the cities, where they are essentially reduced to d, They eat more food than can be produced,
begging.
The elephants are not alone in their suffering. Countless 124. Why are the people in Bangkok being urged not to
rural Thais have also lost their land to dams and develop- feed the elephants?
ment projects, ending up in Bangkok in search of work or to a, To stop the elephants' ownen fuom bdnging
protest in fuont of parliament. Perhaps, in their own sad way, them into the city.
the elephants are still a meaningful national symbol. b. Because people give them the wrong type of food
That's no consolation for animal-dghts activists. "Every c, Because the elephants already have enough food.
year elephants suffer and die in the city," says Roger d. Because there is only enough food in the city
Lohanan of the Thai Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to for the people.
Alimals. I-ohanan urges people not to feed the elephants so
the Thais won't bdng them to Bangkok. The countryside 125. If nothing is done, according to Soraida Sawala,
isn't any kinder, however. More than 1,000 elephants slave what will happen?
away in the shadowy world of iltegal logging; many are fed a. The elephants will run wild.
drugs to make them work harder. When thet drug-addicted b. There will be no elephants left in Thailand.
bodies give out, they are abandoned and left to die. c. All of the elephants will become drug addicts.
"If something isn't done, then one day our elephants, like d. Bangkok will be overrun with elephants.
the dinosaurs, will be extinct," says Soraida Sawala, presi-
dent of Friends of the Asian Elephant, a consewation group.
At the tum of the century, there were 100,000 domesticated
elephants in Thailand, and many times that number in the
wild. Now, there are fewer than 5,000 in all.

EXAM IIPS & STRATEGIES

Do not leave any qaes+ion "n.".r.,.r.d ln the era"r.
J+'= al*oy. wor+h suessing if you don't kn.- +he.".w.",

R.^.^I,e" '"hich q"..+i"". we,^e diffichlr L,y pa++ln9 a snall

mark nex+ +. *h."., Th.n, if yoa have +ime a+ +he end, 9o
b.ck .,.,1 y.." .".*,"n.,
"h""k
Do not ler y"^n pe"s"^al opinro^ affec+ you. ahswe/s
Make ."". y.^ fi".i +h. r".s"" f". ..ch ansr"e. in the +ex+,

@
 +{ tq._

rE,td i kw Pa
This passage is about foods that are good for our health.
R eadin a

What isthe connection between

asparagus and cancer? Well, if new 126. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a source
research is to be believed, it would of flavonoids in the text?
seem that asparagus can help to com- a. wine
bat cancerous illnesses owing to its b. herbs
incredible healing powers. A word of
c. dark chocolate
caution though, research into alterna-
d. soft-drink beverages
tive medicinal techniques is often dis-
puted by mainstream science and seldom has any credible
evidence to support it. Therefore, while these new revela- 127. What is the supposed benefit of flavonoids to the
tions about asparagus make for interesting reading, they body?
should probably make for no more than that just yet. But, ri. They make up for weakened immunity.
anyway, here is the science behind the claim - see what you r-., They reveal areas of cancer activity in the body.
make of it..
c. They help the body to defend itself against invading
The anti-carcinogenic qualities of flavonoids and their effec-
tiveness in counteracting cancerous growths and relieving cancer cells.
cancer symptoms, while not yet confirmed, have long been ri" They protect the immune system and keep it strong.
suspected. Flavonoids are a kind of biochemical antioxidant
that is abundant in lots of fruit, vegetables, herbs and certain 128. How does the text suggest ferulic acid helps fight
processed foods, such as dark chocolate, and beverages such
against cancerous tissueS?
as wine. There are many different types of flavonoids and
a. It fills the area around the malignancy with nitrogen
these are mostly produced by plants, particularly when they
and oxygen preventing the spread of cancer cells,
are under attack from certain disease-causing microscopic
pathogens. Flavonoids carry out a sort of immuno-defensive b, It allows the surrounding blood vessels to grow and
function and we are all familiar with the fact that the immune spread quickly cutting off the malignancy.
system and immune defenses are the most significant players c. It shuts down the body's nutritional channels to
when it comes to fighting cancer and getting rid of anom- prevent new cell growth.
alous cellular developments. So why am I mentioning
d. It staryes cancers and malignant tissues enabling
flavonoids? Well, quite simply because asparagus is a proven
the immune defenses to suppress them.
rich source of them, and this is the first piece of the puzzle
for those who believe asparagus has healing qualities.
Another powerful antioxidant, ferulic acid, is also found in 129. What is NOT true about curcumin?
asparagus - in the cellular walls to be exact - and its chief a, lt is a rherapeutic ingredienr.
anti-carcinogenic function is in preventing the growth of new b. It is a strong antioxidant.
blood vessels around the malignant area. These blood vessels c. It is the chief constituent of ferulic acid
would otherwise divert nutrition and oxygen from the pri-
d, It works against inflammation
mary blood stream towards cancer tissues, giving them
access to nutrition so that they can grow and spread more
quickly. By shutting off this nutritjonal channel, ferulic acid 130. What point is the writer making in the last paragraph?

helps to starve the cancer cells of nutrition, thereby making il. There is no reason to start eating asparagus just
it easier {or the body to suppress them. The chemical struc- because of some unproven claim.
ture of ferulic acid is also analogous to that of curcumin, the h. The healing qualities of asparagus are not in doubt
chief medicinal ingredient in turmeric, and we all know how
and it is effective in fighting off cancer.
powerful an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent turmer-
c. Since asparagus is good for us, we might as well eat
ic is alleged to be.
Whether or not the healing qualities of asparagus are exag- it in case the other claimed health benefits tum out

gerated mafiers little; after all, it is good for us anyway, so it to be real.

doesn't hurt to eat it on the off chance that it might be mak- d. There is a chance that eating asparagus might be
ing some sort of a difference to us internally and fighting off good for us, so it might be a good idea to eat some
nasty cancerous agents in our bodies.
as part of your diet.

E
 a
a

ZI About US and OUR History lfLJ FRoM: JAMES BRoWN, a reader or

Science Orbit magazine
NASA or the National Aeronautics TO: The editor of Science Orbit Magazine
and Space Administration is a
Dear Sir:
US-govemment-run organization. l4any nations have been involved in space exploration
Its chief role is the organization over the years, and have, in some cases, united to further the
and implementation of the state's cause of advancing our knowledge of space by funding
public space program. The organization was first estab- manned missions and so on. ln some cases, they have made
lished in 1958 and has been sending humans and probes what was once thought impossible, possible, and their new
discoveries have given society untold benefits - or have they?
into space and developing robotic technologies to pro-
Space exploration's achievements have some dark clouds
mote new discoveries in the solar system and beyond ever hanging over them...
since. Aside from its role in space exploration, NASA is One of the darkest of these clouds is the money cloud.
also tasked with capturing the public interest and educat- Over the years astronomical amounts of money have been
ing people in matters to do with space er?loration. One wasted on space exploration - trillions of dollars that could
haye been better spent trying to eradicate poverty or educate
of NASA'S most successful missions was the Apollo 11
the homeless. Sure, we landed on the moon, but so what?
moon landing which provided NASA with precious lunar From my point of view, we should never have looked to the
samples and the chance to experiment with actual materi- stars until the view at tround level was a good one. While
al from outer space. we still have people around the world dying o{ hunger and
disease every day, I say we should stop funding this madness
and invest in the people of Eafth - they are what's important;
not what's 'out there'.
Yours,
James Brown

tI The International
Space Station
The lnternational Space
D FROM
TO:
The editor of Science Orbit magaz ine
James Brown email: [email protected]
Station is an exceptional
Dear l"1r Brown,
accomplishment - an
Thank you for sharing your thoughts on space exploration with us. I can
example of the degree see the validity in every.thing you have said, and no one would deny that it
of success that can be is vital that we work to stamp out poverty. However, I differ from you in
achieved by nations that I believe that it is iust as important to support space exploration.
uniting to conceive oi Please, allow me to justify my point of view

plan, build, operate, and utilize a research cen- Our research ihto what happens on distant planets and the dynamics of
the solar system - and indeed wider universe - may seem irrelevant to you,
ter in space. With the construction of the but it actually provides us with precious information we can use to help us
space station and the support of a full-time to understand our own planet better and so care for it in a more appropri-
crew of six, a new era of space exploration and ate way, too. And there has never been a more impoftant time to look
space research opened up. And not only that; after our planet than now, as we face into the uncertainty of global warm-
the space station also did wonders for diplo- ing. Now I ask you; what could be more relevant than that? Our research
is essential to the long-term welfare of the planet, and, by extension,
matic relations between the nations involved,
everyone on it, including yoLr and me.
quite by accident. Joint missions helped to What is more, our determination to find other inhabitable planets may,
build bonds between astronauts of different in times to come, even prove crLrcial to the existence of our race; imagine
backgrounds and successes and discoveries a moment, the possibility that our planet could be destroyed at some
attributed to this 'team effort' promoted trust. future point. Do we not owe it to our race to try to develop an emer-
Nations are no longer competing to be the gency plan to ensure its survival - do we not also owe it to the animals and
plants of our beautiful planet to do this as well?
first to make discoveries in space; they are
Would you rather see us all destroyed and the amazing efforts and
working together - and surely their coopera- achievements of man count for nothing?
tive efforts will continue to yield better results Mr. Brown, we are not dinosaurs, and we will have an exit plan. That,
than could ever have been achieved by their sir, is iustification enough for continuing our research in space.
being in opposition to one another. Sincerely,
The editor

E
 I

r-E,ldi n
R eadin a

F
Questions 131-132 refer to section A. 136. What are the writer's feelings on the issue?
131. Which of the following is not part of NASA's role? a. Money generated from space activity should be
a. managing the US space program used to help the poor.
b. generating public interest in space eryloration b. Funds which go to space exploration could be
c. helping the public to leam about space better spent elsewhere.
d. making details of all space-program activities public c. More money is needed to promote space exploration -
in the region of trillions of dollars.
132. What happened during the successful Apollo 11 mission? d. It would be madness to stop funding space ex?loration
a. samples of space mate al were collected
b, experiments were done in outer space Questions 137-138 refer to section D.
c, the astronauts experimented with lunar samples 137. Why did the editor send this e-mail to Mr Brown?
d. experiments to find the best way to land on the moon a. to thank him for his contdbution
took place b. to agree with most of what he said
c. to put forward an opposing point of view
Question 133 refers to section B. d. to criticize Mr. Brown's lack of facts
133. What benefit is mentioned that arose from the building
of the Intemational Space Station? 138. Which of the following statements is a reason the writer
a, Nations began to compete with one another and more puts forward to justiry his argument?
discoveries were made. a. Research into what happens on distant planets is
b. Relations between partner countries in the program largely irrelevant.
began to improve. b. The effects of global warming are likely to destroy our
c, Astronauts spent more time together in space and planet.
leamed to trust one another's judgement. c. If we find another inhabitable planet, it could one day
d. The nations involved in the space station program save the people and animals of Earth from ertinction.
achieved better results than their competitors. d. We have damaged Earth so much that it is time to
find another planet to live on.
Questions 134.136 refer to section C.
134, What does the writer mean when he says, ,space
Questions 139-140 refer to two or more sections.
ex?loration's achievements have some dark clouds 139. Whjcl oJ the-fotr brtswDdd mcrrt ))kel1, appear n the
hanging over them'? opinion section of a newspaper?
a. Space is full of dark clouds. a.CandD
b. Achieving success in space exploration is very difficutt. b.AandB
c. Space is a very dark place. c.AandD
d. Space exploration's successes have caused controversy. d.A,BandC

135. According to paragraph 2, what seems to be a major 140. Which of these js most likely NOT one of the objectives of
drawback of space exploration? the International Space Station based on what you,ve read?
a, the huge amounts of money paid to astronauts a. to understand oul own planet by gelrjng jnlomation
b. it is a very costly activity to be involved in from the wider universe
c. it hasn't found a way to eradicate poverty b. to identi$ planets which are hospitable to human life
d, people were not impressed by the moon landing c. to promote cooperation between astronauts of different.
nationalities
d. to improve diplomatic relations between nations

r
 I
tr WHITES AUTO PARTS SERVICE
E AUTO.CARE TIPS TOR
WHITES AUTO PARTS CUSTOMERS
Prices and terms are liable to change without notice
All products come with original manufacturer's Looking after your car properly will
help keep it looking new and save you
guarantee. The company reserves the right to deny
on expensive servicing and repair
service to anyone.
costs down the Iine.

. We do not dispatch or deliver on weekends. . Use quality automotive shampoo when washing your
. We do dispatch internationally. yehicle, and hand-wash rather than use one of those
. A signature is necessary for deliveries to automated machine-wash systems found at many Sarages.
safeguard securiry and to avoid theft.
Avoid using kitchen cloths to wash the exterior; instead,
. Upon receiving your new product, please use microfiber towels which will prevent the appearance
examine it carefully to ensure that all the parts
of scrapes and scratches while cleaning.
are there and in good condition. Unless damage a Before waxing your car, ensure that the surface is free of
or missing parts are reported on the day of
dust and dirt - it must also be dry; not even a little damp.
delivery, you will be responsible for the cost of
Buy a good quality liquid wax and spray it on the body
replacement. paint. Then, buff it with a soft towel or leather to give
r We accept all credit cards. your car the pedect shine.
. Next, vacuum your car carefully to avoid dust
Orcler your auto parts tudat'!
accumulations building up.
On a weekly basis, iust ensure you keep your car full of
petrol. Clean it about once every month in the manner
described above and do some basic checks with the same
regularity - oil, air, wiper fluid etc. - and your car should run
tr Car Safety List
Accidents con couse loss oflife os we/l os property domage.
like clockwork between annual services. A little loving will go
a long way when it comes to your motor!
Pleose olwoys follow these steps eoch time before embork-
ing on your journey.
. Seat belts: Check that your seatbelts are not
frayed and that they are in good working order,
then have each passenger fasten theirs before STAFF WANTED BY
you start the engine. WHITES AUTOPARTS TO DO
. Rearview mirrors: Check that they are in the CAR WASHING AND VALTilNG
corre€t positions and that you can see out of
them clearly. . The successful candidate will be
. Brakes: Always press your brakes a few times required to work hard. outdoors,
to test them before picking up any real speed. irrespective of the season.
. Steering wheel: Check that the wheels are
properly aligned and that there is no o DUTIES will include:
impediment to Proper steering. Car wash, Cleaning wheels,
Shampooiag and vacuuming seats,
' Tire pressure: Examine your tires visually each
carpets and other upholstery inside the car,
time before you use the car and check their pres-
Removing grease and stains, Waxing and buffing,
sure about once a month at your local garage.
Removing defects and scrapes,
Paint protection. Minor hodyu,,rk repairs.
Foilure to go through these checks con be fotol. Also, it is
. The ninimum educational qualification required is a
o crime to endonger possengers in your vehicle due to neg-
high school diploma; you must be more than
ligence on your port, so MAKE THE CHECKS or you could
18 years old to apply.
end up in coutt,
. On-the-job training will be provided
. Earnings: $22,110 per year, excluding any
bonuses or commission.

E
rE,ldin
R eadin a

Questions 141-142 refer to section A. 146. What is important when waxing the car?
141. In the third sentence, who does the word ,,anvone,, a. Ensure that all dirt is removed afterwards.
refer to? b. Wax when the surface is slightly damp.
a. parts producers c. Apply the wax to the car body by spraying.
b. potential customers d. Do not remoye the war with a cloth until the bodv of
c. service providers the car is shiny.
d. manufacturers
147. How often should you give your car a ,self-service,
142. What is true of the company's delivery policy? in this way?
a. Whites delivers any day of the week. a. annually
b, Whites delivers to customers living abroad. b. monthly
c. Whites refuses to pay the cost of replacement on c. weekly
goods delivered damaged. d. twice-yearly
d. Customers must sign a form saying that they will
not attempt to steal parts.
Questions 148-149 refer to section D.
148. What is NOT a duty the successful candidate will have to
Questions 143-144 refer to section B. carry out?
143. What is NOT necessary to check before each time you a. simple body repairs
drive your car? b, vacuuming the interior of cars
a. the tire pressure c. polishing the exlerior of cars
b. positioning of rearview mirrors d. painting the bodl,r,ork of cars
c. the condition of seatbelts
d. the brakes 149. What is a requirement ofthe job being offered by Whites?
a. to have a higher education qualification
14,1. What is said in the last paragraph? b. to be prepared to work in all weather Bpes
a. You can be arrested if vou drive carelessly and c. to have a valid driving licence
don't check your car at least once a month. d. to deliver auto parts to customen
b. You can be anested for carrying passengers in a car
that has not been properly cared for.
c. Dangerous driving is a crime that can get you affested.
Qu€stion 150 refers to two or more sections,
d. It i:. importanl to pay for repairs ro rour car or you 150. Which sections encourage the reader to look after their car?
could end up in court. a.AandB
b.BandC
Questions 145-147 refer to section C. c,CandD
145. Which of the following statements is true? d.AandD
a. Ary shampoo or detergent can be used for car washing.
b. Only soft kitchen towels are suitable for use when
cleaning your car.
c. Waxing should begin while the car is slightly damp.
d. Leather is a good buffing material.

r
 riting
Read the following news item from a local newspaper about music programs in school,
Then, do either task A or task B. For task A you will write a letter. For task B you will write an essay. Do only ONE
of these tasks. Your writing will be graded on how fluently and clearly you can express your ideas in English.

\ You wil have 30 minutes to write

your etter or essay.
s You may make an outline or notes in
your test booklet if you wish, brt your
outline wil not count toward your score,
s You will not be graded on the
appearance of your paper, blt your
handwriting must be readable, You may
b
change or correct your writing, but you
,Y
shou d not recopy the whole essay.
S Use your own words as much as
possible. Do not copy a lot from the
article grven be ow.
J ][

T news
THE GOVERNMENT ATTACKS
MUSIC PROGRAMS computers, hiring more toachers to teach
The government is seriously considering math and science, and improving language
stopping paying for music programs in and history programs.
public schools. lf this occurs, programs By doing this, the government believes

like music classes and school bands that students will be better prepared for
getting into college and getting a job.
will no lonoer exist. Music programs,
Critics of the government's plan, howev-
the governmenl thinks, are a waste
er, argue that.nusic programs give stu-
ol time and money. dents a more balanced education. They
By cutting funds for these programs, als0 think that cutting m0ney to music
the government hopes programs won't give those students who
to give more money to more want to pursue careers in music a
practicalthings Iike buying more chance to explore thejr interests.

A L.-ette.r
You and your classmates have been discussing this article.
Write a letter to the editor of the newspaper, including your opinion about the reaction of your
schoolmates and your argument about music programs in schools.

B €ssay
What important role do music programs play in children's lives, if any?
Do you think they should continue, or should they end, as the govemment argues?
Discuss your opinions and give examples to support your argument.

IE
t/,r'I it inn
w E tin I

POINTS THAT CAN BE INCLUDED: Task A: ModerLetter

Dea" Si",
D take away opportunity J am rvri+ir.g ih respohse ro the arricle in your
D music and art as important as math/science hewspape. aL,oar nqstc p""s..^s i".ch.ols,
O school band - promotes school / sociable My cl.ss^.+e.6h.l J h."e had a t"ns dlscqssioh
D sponsor for school band d[,o"t rh].6"]icl. o,.d +h""e -as a hixed /eacrioh ]o ir
E music as a form of expression S"".e of ,..y f/ie"ds agreed wirh +he a/ricle. They
a/e hor very ,1q.ical ahd de fa- lhre/es+eJ ih
D music teachers lose jobs ^*"
corlpalers ond sp".r, J, h"'"eve, dis^g.ee wilh rh.-.
J do nol play a hasi.al ihsrrahenr [,hr J love ro lisren
r. +he sch""l 1,."d. J dd^i.. rhei" +al.hr ."d ihi"[ ]r
--"1; 1,. . +"ag.dy if r[" t."J cease.l ro exis+.
Useful Vocabularg Ohe of hy f.iehds plays rhe r.r,hlpe+ i" +he 6.".1
budding musician
"./y 9""d. We h.". r.!" exc.ll."r ^".i.
.".,.1 h.: is
(sb who wants to be a musician), +eachers ar.,,. sch".l ."d +h.y hdv" h.lp.d hdhy
tight budget, srodenrs ro
""ach a high.r."da.<l .f ptayihg a "1qsi
financial cuts,
Mahy .hild.e^ .o4ld h.r.ff""d +. ha". p/ivare
creative, ,."src |.ss."., ." s.h".l is +hei. ohly oppor+uhiry ro
expressive activity, erpress rherrselves th'.69h h"sl..
non-academic students To sun L.p, J ,!."1d lik. r" say rhar we ltve in a
equal opportunities for all ,jeho./acy !!hich hedhs r
e,]hal .h4hces h tif". J r,e
. e."d exa^P]. "f .",ch .
Yohls fairhfqlly/

Task B: ModetEssay
lu4any eancalare beieve fiug c i6 kn?orLafi lat
cd)Arer La ha'",e a bdanceA educat on. lL i, rot
enauqh ta learn lo reed. r\/riIe. an4 do at)Lhnelc. I

eqree lh lha theaty.

\\t

ln fiy apinion. fir.ic praqrefia ahor a

be a ?arL
of echool. eg?ecially )r
lhe elefienlety yeare. Younq
chibren ))ke i.t eNinq lo ft dc. ?laylnq )Nof,rur.enLa
!,u=t:.;
i.;r:.€ -i iB=
When you are writing to express
ana q\linq. Af,et d| ffudc )5 ?ai ol av cultve.
your opinion about something, it is
When d,uaenL. ate al+et. iL rnay be )eaa kfi?aftanL
fot ])hefi lo oluay fiuaic. a. l,hey nee+ No concen, important to back up your ideas
Nrale on lhe orbiecLg thaL wil) ?re?are thefi lar with reasons or facts. It is also a
qeltrq a iab. 3y Lh:)e aqe. a ?ereon \,/ill know I he good iclea to present the other sicle
has a real Lalenl lor fiuo c, ard he can .anlirlue hie of the argument ancl say why you
etuaie. inie?erdenly. clisagree with these views. By doing
lo'tever- rnany chil^ren. egpeciA)y 1l Lhey corne this you will present a balancecl
fron poor horneg $/ith pa.afi,g wla camat, affora ia argument and show a deeper uncler-
pay for leeeone. vrould have na chance t,a earr stancling of the subject being clis-
abaul ft1.)o)c. Iheretore. Lhe qaverafierl haa ine cussecl. Your conclusion should sum-
teg?ona bilLy lo qive al chi aren Nh)5 charce. marize your main arguments in two
lrcanclusion, ) th:)nk .nu9ic ?raqram6. ea?ecielly
or three sentences.
for younq ch))aren. are Lao fi?arLant for Lhe qov-
ernnenN ta crl furaa.

@
 riting
Read the following announcement about a contest put on by the Globe newspaper. Then, do either task
A or task B. For task A you lvill write a letter. For task B you will write an essay. Do only ONE of these tasks. Your
writing will be graded on how fluently and clearly you can express your ideas in English.

The Globe Contest: Being Green

Write in to The Globe and explain the things you do every day to help
our planet. Do you recycle? Do you save electricity by turning lights
olf when you leave a room? Think of as many things as you can that
YOU do to help make our world a better place. We will choose three
winners and publish their lelter in next week's issue.

The Times is asl<ing for people to write in to enter their Paragraphs Points (letter)
contest, "Being Green". Write a letter to The Globe
-State why you want to enter this
explaining the things YOU do everT day to help keep our
planet healthy.
lntroduction: contest. Then explain why you are eli-
Paragraph I gible. Do you remind other people to
help the environment? Do you
An inttoduction thot attempt to live "green" all the time?
indicotes topic ond What main reason can you come up
position. with for why you should win the con-
test?

Main Bodv - List and explain what things you do

Paragraph 2 (&3) to help the environment. Be sure to
be detailed and explain why each
Moin points ond orgument, thing you do is helpful,

Conclusion -Sum up why you should win the con-

Last Paragraph test. Restate your main points.

B. Essay
Recently there has been a lot of news about global Paragraphs Points (essay)
climate change and the importance of everyone doing
their part to help the planet. How do you feel about lntroduction:
this? Do you think people do enough? Do you thinl<
-Make a statement about how you feel
Paragraph I

the planet will be safe for future generations? Explain about global climate change. Be bold
and general; you will back up your
why you feel how you do. An introduction thot indicotes
claims in the next paragraph/s.
topic ond position.

Main Bodv -Give reasons for the way you feel

Paragraph 2 (&3) about climate change. Back up the
claim/s you made in the first para-
Moin points ond argument, graph. Give as many details as you can

Conclusion -Sum up your argument and restate

Last Paragraph how you feel.
200
 +
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IMT
CHOOSING WHAT TO COOK
L.l
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Stage 1 .a
. What is your favorite dish?
. Do you eat junk food? Why? Why not?
. What do you prefer doing? Going to the gym or playing a sport?
o How much time per day or week do you spend exercising?

Stage 2
Situation: Your friend, Helen, is cooking dinner for some friends but
needs to decide what to cook.

First: You should look at the pictures below and ask:

. What are the options?
. What is the advantage to each option?
o What is the disadvantage to each option?

Stage 3
Then: When you have all the information you need, explain what you've
decided. Be ready to explain your choice, Remember to use information a?\
you learned from asking questions to explain your final choice.

Stage 4
Finally, after you have shared your decision, you will be asked more
questions about the topic.

Useful Expressions
Expressing opinions/Making suggestions
. I defilite y beleve rhat he st-ou,d ...
"1e
. What I think helshe should do is to ,.,

o lt seems to me that the best thing for him/her to do s to ....

. ln my opinion, helshe shou d...
. By no means should helshe ...
. l'd suggest he ...
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IiEtrnin
Dort 2 a

ln this port of the test, you will heor four short tolks. After Eoch tqlk, you will heor some questions obout it.
Before eoch tolk begins, you will hove time lo preview the queslions lhot ore printed in the lest booklet.

. Reod the queslions silently,

. Then listen to the tolk. You con loke noles in the booklel.
. Then listen to eoch question ond choose the bost onswer from the onswer choices.
. Mork your onswers on lhe seporote onswor sh€et. You should mork A, B, C, or D.

There ore o tolol of 20 queslions obout the four short tolks.

Questions 3l -36
Look ot the queslions. Then listen to o troiner tolking to new NOTES
members ot o locol gym.

31. For how long and how often should a beginner with excess jat around the
abdomen exercise each week?
a. 4 times a week for 10-15 minutes
b.5 times a week for 20-30 minutes
c. 4 or 5 times a week Ior 15 minutes
d. 4 times a week lor 15-30 minutes

32. Which of these does the speaker regard as the most effective cardjo exercise?
a. walking on a treadmill
b. exercising with a jump rope
c. swimming
d. jogging on the road

33. Which of the followjng target exercises does the speaker say gets rid of fat
around the abs faster?
a. box jumps
b, assuming the vacuum pose
c. bicycle crunches
d. side bends with dumbbells

34. Which of these is NoT named as a high-protein food?

a. eggs
b. yoghurt
c. chicken
d. turkey

35. How do nuts contribute positively t0 your diel?

a. They are rich in antioxidanls.
b. They detoxify the body.
c. They make you drink a lot ol water.
d. They are a good source of energy,

36. What is the purpose of this talk?

a. to persuade people to make an effort to tone their abs
b. t0 invite people to join an exercise program for ab-toning
c. t0 show how easy it is to achieve toned abs by doing a few simple exercises
d. to provide advice on diet and exercise routjne tor people who want to tone their abs

W
 test 1 0
istening Dort 2
Questions 37-42 Ouestions 43-46
Look ot the questions. Then listen lo on onimol scientist Look ot the questions. Then listen to o psychiotrist
giving o folk ot o conference, folking in front of on oudience ot o convention,

37. How tall is the male black Wildebeest antelope? 43. What does the speaker say about sleeping positions?
a. 180cm in shoulder weighl a. You can only fall asleep in your favorite position.
b. 120cm in shoulder weighl
i. Lying on the back 0r stomach is most comfortable.
c. 108cm in shoulder weight
c. lt is possible to fall asleep in any position.
d. 155cm in shoulder weight
d. You will fall asleep quickest in the position which relaxes you

38. How much does the Iemale blue Wildebeest weigh? the most.
a. 150k9
b.250kg 44. Which system of the human body is NoT mentioned
c. 180k9 as benefiting lrom regular sleep?
d. 135k9 a. the nervous system
b. the cardiovascular system
39. What is the preferred habitat of the blue Wildebeest antelope? c. the immune system
a. it ljkes to graze in a variety o,f habitats
d. the skeletal system
b. the banks of the l\,4ara river
c. open grasslands
45. What does the speaker say about how we feel in our sleep world?
d. wide open plains that go on for huge distances
a. We allow ourselves to relax.

40. Which part of Africa is NOT mentioned as a region b. We put on a mask to hide our true selves.
where Roan antelopes live? c. We suppress our emotions.
a" Eastern Africa d. We turn off autopilot.
b. Southern Africa
c. Cenlral AIrica 46. What does the speaker mean when she s*, ()
d. Northern Africa a. No one knows what really happens during sleep.
b. We are comlonable encroaching on people as they sleep,
41. What is NOT a feature of the Roan species?
c. The world 0f sleep is very cozy untilwe encroach on it.
a. a beard like that of a goat
d. Sleep is a very comforting and private experience.
b. prominent red nostrils
c. a long tail
d. short horns

42. Whal does the speaker mean *nrn n, ,ryr, ( )

a. Wildebeest are very different animals from antelopes
b. Wildebeest and antelopes are similar in appearance.
c. Wildebeest don't look very similar to other antelopes
d. Wildebeest appear to be afraid oI other antelopes,

NOTES NOTES

E
 +
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2
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I
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Questions 47-5O
Look ot the quesfions. Then listen to o psychologisl tolking to o group of young NOTES
molhers.

47. What happens with a child's social interaction during the zero-to-one-year stage?
a, The child only interacts with its mother and nobody else.
h. The child mainly interacts with its parents and other caregivers.
c. The child is calm towards strangers.
d. The child may get disturbed when its parents are around.

48. How does socjal interaction become more meaningful when children begin preschool
al 2-4 years ol age?
a. They play alone but rest with peers.
b. They usually become interested in playing around with other kids,
c. They like to play only with their teachers.
d. They like to play with certain loys.

49. What does the speaker suggest is the main ellect ol starting
formal schooling for children?
a. They get to be around their peers more.
h. They start to build life-long friendships.
c. They start to act more like adults.
d. They become less atfectionate towards their parents.

50. What does the speaker mean when he says: ()

a. Good social development in childhood creates a well-balanced adult.
lr. Social development in adults is more important than in children.
6. lt is important to understand that adults are more socialized than children,
d. l\4any adults underestimate the importance of social development in children

Eil
 rammar
51. I wonder where Lila is going to 58, I hardlv ever watch television 65. Will you please stop asking me
vacation after putting ............. so the mornings questions about my cousin Mike?
much money allyear. I think she a. over I ........... ever see him anymore.
should go on a Caribbean cruise. b. in a. quite
a. off c. at b. little
b. down d. while c. rather
c. aside d. hardly
d. up 59. "Somebody scratched his car."
"He ... it so close to the other cars." 66. "Why on earth do you wake up
52. Had Mike was coming, I would
... a. hadn't to park at 6:00am every moming?"
have brought back the drill he b, couldn't park "Because I like to watch the
had loaned me. c.. couldn't have parked news which ......... broadcast live
a. known I d. shouldn't have parked ftom New York at that time."
b. I known a. is
c.. I to know 60. Andrew has lost lots ofweight b. were
d. I knowing and started to exercise but he c. have
really ............ stop smoking. d. are
53. The bewildered man asked me ... . a. must
ir. where he was b. had to 67. I am so happy I decided to use my
b. where was he c. need Grandma's recipe because even
c. where he is d. ought the pic$, eaters like ..,. cupcakes.
d. where is his location a. them
61. ......... she is not really related b. theirs
54. Matthew shouted that he to me. I love her like a sister c. these
for my help. and she looks like me. d. there
a. didn't ask a. Even
b, never had asked b. Despite 68. If Jack had been offered a
c, never asked c. Even though promotion or raise he ........
d. had never asked d. In spite of wouldn't have resigned.
a. certily
55. Those are the three men......... 62. We overslept and, .... , we b. cartain v
photo appeared on the ftont missed our train and had to c. certain
page of last night's newspaper. leave the next day. d. certainty
a, who's a. in this way
b. which b. as a result 69. Sheila... for a phone call from
c, whose c. the result that company for 3 months now.
d. their d. consequent I think she should forget about
them and try somewhele else.
56, I will not shop in that store any 63. I'm sorry to bother you but could a. waited
more because the sales assistant you help me find my ... briefcase? b. had waited
refused ...... my questions. a. leather, beige, medium-sized c. was waiting
a. to answer b. beige, leather, medium-sized d. has been waiting
b. answer c. leather, medium-sized, beige
c. answering d. medium-sized, beige. leather 70. The only time I like to iron
d, be answering clothes is if I do it ........ I am
64. Maybe I have been blessed with watching television.
57. I can't stand .... late for an luck or something because after a. during
appointment. I'd rather be all the stress and arl\iety I felt, b, over
early and wait myself. the final exam tumed out to be c. while
a. in being ............ I had expected. d. through
b. for being a. easiest of
c. being b, much easier than
d. to being c. much easier ftom
d. more easier

E
 t^
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f'Jffi m,l r'.1.

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G rammar
71. I can't answer that question until 77. "Did you .... Pam at the cinema?" 84. .... of my friends andI are going
I talk to Carol but there is no point "I thought she was in Rome." to rock concert tonight and
a
... until she has read lhe material. a. will see then to a restaurant for dinner.
a. in asking b. look a. Abit
b. to ask see b. A little
c. for asking saw c. A few
d. to asking d. A plenty
78. "Who is going to go home to get
72. Don't give ......! If you keep trying more money, you or me?" 85. "Where should we go for dinner?"
hard and believe in yourself, you "Your house is .,..... than mine." "Well I don't have ,......... money
will succeed- a, farther so let's keep it simple."
a, away b. far a. many
b. out c. more fat b. lots
c' up d. the most c. great
d. into d. much
79. I am so happy for Bob and
73. Why don't you consider.......... Kathleen. They..... got such a
somewhere other than Malta beautiful daughter.
silce you don't know anyone who a. has EX,HMIIPS & SIRAIEGIES
has enjoyed themselves there? b. have
a. to go c, has not "so" and "srneh"
b. going d. not have 5o ,.^y 1,. f .ll.-.d l,y ." .diec+lve
c. go
d, be going 80, ....... arriving early we still ".s.Th" f il'- was so ih+elesf ias.
She sinss so L,ea.tifully.
couldn't get tickets.
74. "How do you expect me to know a. Regardless OR, a" .]dieclive + a/an + ,"oun
which boy is Jane's son when b. Even though
there are a hundred children in c. Despite e.e.J h^"" befo.e
this photograph?" "Jane's son d, However .. L,ea"tif"l ""v.,
. "ead
"t.ry.
is the one .... hand is in the air
waving at the photographer." 81. "What do i/ou feel like doing
S"ch i= f. l"r.,.d l,y,
a/.ln (+ ad, + nou^
a, whose tonight?" "I ... rather stay at e.s.1 was su.h an i^terestihg filn.
b. which home and wait until I am
c. that rested before going out." Jf th.,^""" f"ll.wing such is
d. who a. like onroqn+able o, i^ tt'e plu"at, a/an i-
b. should
75. I didn't hear the whole speech c. had ..s.."ch w.,,yi"s ,
".,,,,
st."i."
but I heard it when he told the d. would "".h f"""y
president that he .,. to send 5. .^.1 S,.ch ,.lar olso i,1+rodkce
troops overseas. 82. Look at the mess in this room!
a. didn't to want It is high time you ..... this place. - J* vtas so ..ld *h.+
b. never want a. will clean J decided +a stay il.
c. had never to want b. cleaned - * w." .".h a cotd day
d, had never wanted c. are cleaning that J aecided ro s+ay ih.
d. to clean
76. That man had a very serious
expression ou his face when 83. Suppose we ........ so hard.
Iasked him ........ . Do you think we would have
a. why was the game canceled passed the exam?
b. why the game was canceled a. hadn't studied
c, why was canceled the game b. study
d. whywas the cancellation c. will study
of the game d. studied

E
I
tt
I U ocabulary

86. Because of the traffic, I can't 93. The plague ......... throughout 100. A smart pemon will . some of
give you a(n) ......... time the country within days. his weekly pay check.
when I will arrive. a. shrunk a,Iose
a. minimal h. swam b. gamble
b. small c, spread c, save
c. accurate d. voyaged d. misplace
d. last
94. The school ......... your 101. The court reporter .........
87. Themanwas......... in killing application for admission everything said during the trial
the man who was about to I am sorry. a. pronounces
murder him. a, accepted b. records
a. justified b. rejected c. criticizes
h. scared c. processed d. rhinks
c. newous d. developed
d. luc$r 102. He was ........ to have another
95. Michelle is realIy......... . cake.
88. The divers ......... a piece of the She sticks to herself for the a. tempted
wreckage from the plane crash. most part. b. attracted
a. received a. talkative c. spoilt
b. gave h- introverted d. appealed
c. salvaged c. mute
d. misused d.loud 103. Over his lifetime he has
a vast fortune.
89. Did I not...... you that 96. How long did it take you to a. accumulated
the pot was hot? assemble this......... of rare b. blended
a. threaten books? r:. rekindled
b. warn a. sequence d. accommodated
c. burn b. pick
d. place c, collection 104. Your cold is very ..., so cover
d. alteration your mouth when you cough.
90. In the academic community, a. mild
he is well ......... for his 97. The ballet......... was quite b. contagious
revolutionary theories. beautiful. c. misinformed
a. ordered a. bribe d. lenielt
b. kept b. play
c. fooled c. orchestra 105. The crooks ......... in illegal
d. respected d. performance drugs along the border.
a. smuggled
91. Cathy is really.......... . She 98. Please ............ your voice. b. inhibited
doesn't like any modem You are too loud. c. found
conveniences. a.lower d. used
a. respectful b, raise
b. sincere c. silence 106. First and ......... I want to thank
c. futudstic d, project you for inviting me.
tl. old-fashioned a. least
99. The gloves enable me to get a b.last
92. After you have............ better...... on the tool. c. almost
the survey, write your report a. grip d. foremost
a. conducted b. feel
b. compiled c. touch
c. amassed d. gasp
d. retained

212
lltrr:Ehul,Jr IItt I

I a la

107. David is ............ with your 114. After receiving my pay check,
adolescent behavior. L........ it in the bank. IXAIVT TIPS & STR,&TEG}:ES
a, scared a. posted Jd;oms connec* eA to parts of Ihe
b. thankful b. fried b"dy
c. used c. dealt
d. fed up d. deposited Conplete rhe sentences usin<z the coyrect
f.."" "f " ."iabl. idi.". f,,.i th. b.x
108. Why are you being so ............ ? 115. The ......... essay assignment is
Won't you at least listen to me? not mandatory to pass the class.
a. open a. required v
b. polite b. optional t

c. stubborn c. influential have $.e fi^sets

d. compassionate d. revolutionary keep one's chi" ..

1. Look o+ Bill's beaqlifql ea/dehl

109. The mine had a(n) ......... of 116. L..... the cake by adding too
gold, attracting people fuom much flour and sugar.
all over the country. a. made
a. lack b. ruined 2. ralk io "\.. Jf y." have a pr.t,leh,
b. abundance c, burned
c. demand d. stained
d. sack 3. Jea^
117. The ......... fog makes it sh.'ll h.lp any"n.,
ll0. It doesn't seem ......... that he virtually impossible to see
should get to go, even though a. clear 1 J'n su'^e
he didn't do what he was told. b. humid things wlil ihlp.ove soo^.
a. fair c. thin
b, free d. dense 5, J haa 'o
c. deficient
f". +h..e expensive concert ticke+s.
d. significant 118. The ......... doctor purchased a
new car every year. 6. J1 , ^ot nire +o goss p anJ
111. My ftiend spent a lot of time a. poor
......... the surprise party. b. cheap
a. repairing c. affluent
b. organizing d. punctual
c. using
d. handling 119. After traveling all day, L........
a huge meal from the restaurant.
112. The two ............ only received a. ordered
bread and water dudng their b. relaxed
year in jail. c. directed
a, enemies d. described
b. prisoners
c. witnesses 120. The stupid dog ilt
d. victims anything it sees i
a, purs
113. I need a......... tor algebra. b. licks
I am failing the course so far c. barks
a. tutor d. Iaughs
b. help
c. homework
d, class

r
 eading
This passage is about Britain's plant life.

lf Britain's plant
life were to be 121. According to the piece, what would happen
suddenly wiped E] if all Britain's plant life were to die?
a. Most of it could be brought back.
out by some catas-
b. None of it could be brought back.
trophe - the
c. It would cost $130 million to bdng it back.
dinosaurs were,
d. This could never happen.
after all - there is
now the means to 122. The seeds which have been collected
bring much of it have been stored
back. Two room-
- a. in a large box.
sized freezers in a b. in two big freezers.
concrete vault c. at Kew Gardens.
carved out of a Sussex field will soon become a bank for the d. at a secret location.
seeds of all the nation's wild flowering plants. At a cost of $ I 30
123. Kew Gardens
million, the Royal Botanic Gardens, better known as Kew
a. has aheady started to gather seeds in the
Gardens, are completing a building in southern England, as a
tropic€.
seed bank for Britain's flora and for plants of the world's dryest
b. will soon begin collecting flower seeds ftom
regions. There, tens of millions of potential new plants will be
Britain and the tropics.
able to survive for centuries. c. cannot afford to collect any more seeds.
Noah's fridge, as the bank has been called, is a grand gesture d. is also called the Royal Botanic Gardens.
to future generations who will see the increasing destruction of
their environment. Plants are essential to life on earth and the 124. The seeds aheady in the bank will be
consequences of the extinction of even individual species are a. changed at the end ol the year.
usually little understood. b. used to make medicine.
For a start, 25olo of Western medicines are plant-derived but c. destroyed if they are not used next year.
less than 2096 of the world's plants have been studied for possi- d. able to survive for hundreds of vears.
ble benefits to man.
125. A quarter of Western medicines are
Once Britain's botanical heritage is on ice - the seed bank still
a. poisonous to animals.
lacks 32 rare species out of a total 1,442 flowering species in
b. made from plants.
Britain - Kew will begin gathering seeds in the dry tropics, home c. made using chemicals.
to 20olo of the world's human population. Although dryland wild d. useless.
plants often provide people with essential food, fodder, fuel and
medicines, expanding deserts are destroying these resources.
With a target of 24,000 species by 2014, Kew will start collecting
in Africa, South America, fuia and even in the U.S.

E
rE,lrJ inrf E

R eadin a

This passage is about nature's ecosystem.

Biodiversity is the varjation 126. How would a lack ofvegetation caused by

of living creatures in a given I 1 overgrazing disturb the ecosystem?
ecosystem which includes all
a. The soil base would become less firm.
the living organisms found
there. b. Desertification would immediatelv become a
..:.]
The fact is that all the serious issue.
species of flora and fauna - and c. There would be more rainfall and nutrients would
that includes humans as well - are reliant on each other. Such is be washed away from the soil bed.
the reliance that the extinction of a single species can activate a
d. The balance of the ecosystem would be affected in
domino effect whereby various other species which were
a minor way.
directly or indirectly reliant on the one that was 'lost'
encounter great hardship as a result.
The predator-prey relationship is a vital link in the ecosys- 127. Why are insects importallt for the ecosystem?
tem, such that a decrease in the population of either, predator a. Without insects plant pollination cannot happen.
or prey, can cause the balance within it to be radically altered. b. Without insects only large animals can facilitate
A lack of vegetation due to overgraz ing would also have far- the reproductive process of plants.
reaching consequences for the local environment as it would
c. Insects play a key role in the pollination process
result in a massive loss of nutrients from the soil - washed
and their loss would have a major impact.
away by rainwater - and a destabilizing of the soil base itself,
leading, over time, to desertification. d. Their main function is the pollination of plants.
Of course, another significant factor influencing the balance
oI the local ecosystem is human activity. Human encroachment 128. Why can't we ignore microscopic organisms such as
on the natural habitat of animals often results in habitat bacte a in the soil?
destruction. That said, in recent times, we have become more
a. Bacteria pose a great threat to agricultural activity.
mindful of the potential we have to affect the natural environ-
b. Plants are dependent on bacteria to provide one of
ment and efforts are now being made to minimize the negative
effects of human actiyity, the ingredients necessary for growth.
Even tiny little insects are important to the stability of the c. Bacteria are important in that they use up excess
local ecosysteml The number of insects residing on our planet nitrogen found in the soil.
runs into billions, and, given the vital role they play in areas d. Soil bacteria poisor other hamful soil organisms.
such as plant pollination, to lose them would be catastrophic -
plants would be reliant on the wind and larger animals to facili-
129, What does the word 'that' on the thirdJast line of
tate reproduction and would have to adapt almost immediately
to have any chance of surviving. Paragraph 6 refer to?
And so are microscopic organisms!! These minute species a. a virus
have a vital role to play in maintaining the normal balance of b. the extinction of bacteria
the ecosystem. A simple requirement for plant growth is the c. a plant
availability of nitrogen, which is sourced from bacteria in the d. the lack of oxygen
soil. lf these bacteria were to become extinct, plants would
have no nitrogen to enable growth - and that wouldn't just
130. What is the main puryose of this article?
influence plants in the wild, but would also have a massive
impact on local agriculture. a. to discuss the dangeru insects face in the wild
All the players in the local ecosystem, from the tiniest forms b, to raise awareness of the importance of biodiversity
of bacteria to the comparatively giant mammalian creatures, c. to descdbe the severe crisis facing the planet's fauna
have a vital role to play in maintaining the delicate balance of d. to highlight the negative impact mankind has had
things. Disrupting this balance can do untold damage and have on local ecosystems
repercussions for the enrire food chain.

r
 10 GF'I
,:r---t;j@efiu#
--, li r!'r; Part 3
tr Acne Treatment Clinique
LASER SKIN THERAPY: THE E"'
E
FASTEST WAY TO GET RID OF
E. Dear Mrs. Black,

ACNE WITIIOUT A}{Y PAIN

o The main aim of carrying out laser
k I'm writing to you regarding your question
about finding a good moisturizer lor Acne.
treatment for acne is to destroy
bacteria located within the pore; First of all, when you opt for a moistudzer, it
thereby, restoring the affected, must moisturize your skin without leaving it oily
damaged skin tissues. You can achieve blemish-free skin and greasy. The cream or lotion must get
by choosing the best laser remedy - ours! absorbed irto the skin quickly after some gentle
WE USE: rubbing. As oily skin is most prone to acne, a
. Carbon Dioxide Lasers: moisturizer that does not lead to oiliness is the
This is a kind of light-based system. In this type of acne only option. The simplest thing to do is read the
labe1. Instead of instinctively choosing the 'best'
laser treatment, brief flashes of high intensity Iight are
moisturizer after watching an advert on T.V.,
emitted onto the skin. This process promotes the creation
wh1, not do some research? A1l vou need to do
of collagen and is the foremost treatment for dealing with
is read the label and look for words like
acne.
'for acne', 'non-greasy', 'oil-free' and 'hydrating'.
YOU GET:
o Beautiful radiant skin that is blemish free and perfectl Using a trial pack or the smallest pack of any
moistudzer is a good idea while you test a new
product on your skin. If it gives you good results
D FROM: Dr. Stanley, Dermatologist at the A€ne after using it for at least a week, you should
Treatment Clinique continue its usage.
TO: Mariah Pitt, Clinique Dietician
Subject: A diet to follow for Acne Prevention
Yours sincerely,
lntroduction
Acne is a widespread problem, affecting people of all colors and Dr. Stanley
ethnicities more or less equally. Making simple changes to your
patients' diet can, however, help combat the condition. A healthy
diet that provides the body with the right kind of nutrition is what
is called for.
Vitamin A )
Vitamin A plays a crucial role in regulating the state of your skin. Tips for Hiding a Pimple
Thus, a generous intake of vitamin A is obligatory for those who
are suffering from any sort of skin ailment, especially acne. Fish o 2 Hours' Time
oils, dairy products, carrots, mango, and vegetables that contain Mix a teaspoon of sandalwood powder and
retinol must, if not already part of it, be introduced into your rosewater, Apply it to the pimple and leave it for
patients'daily diet immediately. Yams, apricots, cantaloupes and
20 minutes. After washing, use Visine eye drops to
green leaft vegetables are rich sources of vitamin A, too. lnclude a
source of vitamin A in at least one of your meals every day to see reduce the redness of the affected area. Finally,
positive results within the timeframe of about one month. press an ice cube against the pimple for 20 minutes
Fiber
Acne is often a sign of a toxicit), problem inside the body. These . l5 Minutes' Time
toxins not only cause skin acne, but can also threaten your general
This is an unusually short amount of time to do any-
health. Thus, detoxification of the body is extremely important if
you are facing serious acne issues. Fibrous foods help the body to thing that will hide or remove the pimple. You can
eradicate toxins by making bowel movements more regular. They only conceal it by making it look like a fake beauty
act as detoxification agents and clean your skin tissue. Vegetables, spot with waterproof eyeliner. This works if you
whole grains, pastas, flax seeds and oatmeal are rich sources of have just one pimple on otherwise clear skin. It will
fibrous food, which can improve the condition of your skin.
make it seem like it was meant to be there!
Conclusion
These are the most important nutrients to incorporate into your
patients'diet.

216
rE,lrl inu
{
R eading
.lf
F
Questions 131-132 refer to section A. Questions 136.137 refer to section C.
131. What is the main point of section A? l:la. What does "it" on linc 1 of Paragraph 2 refer to?
a. to explain how Carbon Dioxide Laser treatment works the skin
b. to announce the release of a new cream treatment to the powder
clients the moisturizer
c. to promote a laser therapy treatment for acne acne
d. to review the services of the Acne Treatment Clinic
137. How can an acne sufferer tell if they haye the dght
132. Which of these statements is true? moisturizer?
a. Carbon Dioxide lasers treat the skin by removing a. The label will always say "dehydrating".
collagen. b. The skin is oily.
b. Carbon Dioxide laser treatment involves the emission c. The moisturizing lotion does not get easily absorbed.
of low-intensity light onto the skin. d. A-fter applying it, the skin is not greasy,
c. Carbon Dioxide laser treatment uses a light-based
system to get rid of collagen. Question 138 refers to section D.
d. Carbon Dioxide laser treatment results in the 138. How do the two techniques lor dealing with a pimple
destruction of bacteria within the pore. compare?
a, The 15-minute method uses make-up but is otherwise
Questions 133-135 refer to section B. the same as the 2-hour one.
133. What is the main puryose of sectior B? b. The 2-hour method and the 15-minute method both
2r. to recommend a suitable diet for Mariah pitt to deal aim to hide the pimple.
with her acne problem c. The 2-hour method is a treatment but the 1s-minute
b. to advise Mariah Pitt about a way in which she can method is about hiding the problem.
help solve her patients' acne problems by making d. Both techniques involve the use of make-up.
dietary changes
c. to report the findings of research by Dr. Stanley into Questions 139-140 refer to two or more sections.
the link between diet and the skin condition acne 139. Which sections were definitely *ritten by experts and
d. to make a suggestion to a patient as to a cou6e of provide information about ways you can deal with acne
treatment to help get rid of acne problems younelf?
a.,\BandC
134. Which of the following foods does not contain Vitamin A? b.BandC
a, yoghurt c,B,CandD
b, lettuce d. all the sections
c, apricots
d. bread 140. What should a person with a pimple who needs to go to a
party within an hour do?
135. How is fiber helpful in dealing with acne problems? a, eat a mango or leaS/ vegetable
a. Fiber improves the condition of the skin when applied b. eat a whole grain meal
directly. c. put make-up on the pimple
b. Fiber produces toxins that help treat acne. d. use a moistu zing cream
c. Fiber helps to strengthen your general health.
d. Fibrous food helps the bowels function and helps
detoxify the body.

EXAM TIPS & STRATEGIES

Do no+wo*y if you do L^"w so,...f +he w"rds n rhe rex+s.
y." sh."ld .+ ll 1,. ^o+
+" ahswer lnosi +he e"esri""., Jf y""
".ed r" kn.w.^e of^ble ih. diffrckh wo,.ds, "fl..k a+ +he *.,d. i+
+o see if +hey help you to ahde.sra'1d +he qnkLrown w.rd, """""a
Wo,,I ou+ h.w rh. w..d h^. Lee^ f ."^ed, i,e, does i+ ha". a p"efix
or suff ix. The,1 y",. sho"ld 1," at,le r. a+ teas+ guess if +h. -.-d tr..
a positive o/ hegative hleahi'1c,
w
 Galactic Telescope Technologies E VE SE,EK AN ASTRONOMER
FOR THE GALACTIC TELESCOPE
TECHNOLOGIES RESEARCH TEAM
Get your own telescope equipment
IN OUR LABORATORIES
This month, radio telescopes on offer!
. A radio telescope is a type of direc-
tional radio antenna. These are normally
H}] OR SHE WILL BE EXPECTED TO:
o work in working conditions which are quite
big parabolic antennae used singularly or
in an array. They are used in radio demanding with visits to various locations,
astronomy for tracing and gathering long hours of study, research and night
data from satellites and space probes. duties.
. Types: . visit obsewatories to note down observations
The types of antennae used as radio telescopes differ in design, con- and put their findings together in the form
figuration and size. For wavelentths of 30 meters to 3 meters these of reports or presentations.
are usually directional antenna arrays. As the wavelength related to r be very clear about what exactly they wish
these antennas is long, the reflector surfaces are made from coarse
to observe and which instruments will be
wire mesh. For short wavelengths, dish-type radio telescoPes are
required.
used. The angular resolution of a dish-style antenna changes accord-
ing to the diameter of the dish and correspondingly to the wave-
. have a special interest in and aptitude for
length of the electromagnetic radiation being observed. subjects like physics and mathematics, and
lf you are an astronomer in a research lab we provide the solution possess good logical thinking skills, reasoning
systems. abilities. an excellent command of the
Limited stock! language for writing reports and handling
presentations, and a knowledge of computers
,,\PPLY NOWI

tr From: The Board of Directors of Galactic Telescope

Technologies, responsible for the seminar on Astronomy
To: The Students of the University of Columbia
) Question from a student
Subject: Astronomy for Beginners of the seminar, Jim Peters,
Introduction
to the research team of
The purpose of this report is to introduce Columbia students to the
fascinating world of Astronomy. G alacti c Tel escop e Tec b nol ogi e sz
Astronomy in Brief Vhat is a supernova?
Astronomy for beginners is a remarkable domain 1() explore, particu-
larly bearing in mind the fact that numerous amateurs have con- Dear Jim,
t buted to astronomical innovations. Indeed. it is believed to be onc Supernovae or stellar explosions play a very signifi-
of the few sciences where amateum can play such a[ active rolel This cant role within an interstellar medium. Each
springs from the fact that their recorded data aids in the discovery an explosion or supernova, not only enhances the
observation of transient celestial phenomena. Astronomy and the dis- surrounding medium with higher mass elements,
tantly-related lield of astrology have two things in common; their ori- but also activates new star formations from the
gin and the tact that both are concerned with obseNing the positions expanding shock waves and explosions.
of celestial objects. A supernova refers to a stellar explosion, or explo-
Astronomy Today sion of a star. The very luminous burst of radiation
Today the field is also concerned with the development and enhance- is capable of hiding a whole galary, obscured from
ment of telescopic technology, as well as obser,,ing celestial phenome- view by the brightness of the phenomenon. lt
rra. Study of the field requires an uuderstanding of the extensiye star takes quite a few months before the last show of
catalogs, nebulosities and clusters in the universe, and an interest in Iight-and-form extravagance actually fades from
the discovery of new planets, distances between sta6, and the develop sight. During its lifetime, a supernova is thought to
ment of more accurate predictions about the motions of celestial bod- radiate approximately as much energy as is associ-
ies. Amateurs must also study, and understand how the masses of ated with the Sun. ln fact, research confirmed that
celestial bodies are calculated from their perturbations, and the impor a single supernova can emit about the same energy
tant advances in astronomy that have been made due to the introduc- as the Sun is expected to over its entire lifespan.
tion of instruments like the spectroscope. I hope this letter has been illuminating for you!
Conclusion Yours Sincerely,
Join us at our observato4/ to learn more and contdbute to ongoing Tom Fields,
research in this field. Astronomer

218
rE,tdin l
R eadin g
Questions 141.142 refer to section A. 147, What skill are prospective candidates NOT required
141. What is the main purpose of section A?
to have?
a. to describe the specifications of a new telescope
a. to be good with numbers
b. to highlight a special promotional offer
b. good problem-solving skills
c. to announce the discovery of a new type of radio
c. to be quite familiar with computers
telescope
d, foreignJanguage skills
d. to explain the different types of telescope that exist

Question 148 refers to section D.

142. What is a directional antenna array?
148. Which of the following statemerts is NOT true about
a. a reflector.urface made from coarse wire
a supernova?
b. a 3o-meterJong telescope
a. it is the explosion of a star
c, a tlpe of radio telescope
b. it is extremely bright
d. a type of dish-shaped telescope
c. supernovas emit about the same amount of energy as
the Sun does each day
Questions 143-145 refer to section B. d. the light-and-form extravagance disappears in under
143. What is the main point of section B?
a year
a. to introduce beginner students of Columbia
to astronomy
Questions 149-150 refer to two or more sections.
b. to report on the main function of Astronomy today 149. Which of the sections would most likely appear in a
c. to discuss astronomical findings
newspaper?
d. to invite students to become members of the Galactic
a,AandC
Telescope's professional team
b.AandB
c.BandC
144. How do amateurs contribute to astronomy?
d.CandD
a. They study the documented data about celestial bodies.
b. They examine the explosion of celestial objects. 150. Which of the following is most likely to be one of
c. They explore unknoun galaries.
Tom
Fields' skills/qualifications based on what you,ve read?
d. They help to discover transient celestial phenomena.
a, He can install a radio telescope.
b. He can create computer programs to record data to
145. What is astronomy NOT about today?
do with celestial bodies.
a. understanding data about stars and other celestial
c. He can make predictions about the motions
phenomena
of celestial objects.
b. guessing the motions of celestial bodies
d. He can fly an aeroplane into space.
c. finding new celestial bodies
d. measuring distances between certain celestial bodies

Questions 146-147 refer to section C.

146. What will the successful candidate be expected to
do?
a. identi!, various suitable locations for placing the
telescope
b, work in a single location doing long night shifts
c. cope with challenging working conditions
d. find relevant reports and presentations that could
help with research efforts

r
 Read the following short letter from the advice column of a local newspaper.
Then, do either task A or task B. For task A you will write a letter. For task B you will write an essay. Do only ONE
of these tasks. Your writing will be graded on how fluently and clearly you can exPress your ideas in English.

\ You will have 30 minutes to write

your letter or essay.
\ You may make an outline or notes ln
your test booklet if you wish, but your
outline wil not count toward your score
s You will not be graded on the
appearance of your paper, bL.rt your
handwriting must be readable. You may
change or correct your writing, but you
should not recopy the whole essay.
\ Use your own words as much as
possible. Do not copy a lot from the
article giver below. J

news
The Boston Tribune
qob inbo a qood univeraity,
Thia meane lhab I will have lo leave all
of my friende in ny cvrent hiqh echool
- Advice Column and my tamily. I am 16 yeara old ana
Need Advice? Wrile lo Ann. need Dwo more yearc 1o tinieh hiqh
She witl answer your letters echool, I feel that I arn a qreat
in her odvice column. hiqh gahool. I
eaucalion at, my currenl ^etlln,
Dear Arn, feel fiaEure enouqh f,o 6ake thie deci-
My ?arcfiLe want fie lo dttena a eion. W ?arenLo, howeve\ worlt e'/en
?rivate boarainT echool in 'the lidtrt to fie abovb the i@ue,
counlry for lhe rest ol my Lifie I can't. lhink of ependinq my laet l,vto
in hiqh schoal. They think that yeare of hiqh echool anywhere eloe.
lhe echool will beitar ?re?are
"Feelin6 Trapped'
me tor colle1e and hel? ff)e

A Le++e*
Ann has asked her readers to wdte, giving suggestions and advice. Write a letter to "Feeling Trapped"
Give him/her your suggestions and advice.

B €ssay
Most of the time parents are overprotective and don't let children make their own decisions.
Their being overprotective doesn't let them trust thcir children. Some studies have shown that giving
children the power to make their own decisions makes them more responsible and mature.
Do your agree with this? Give examples from your own or ftiends' experiences to support your view.

E
t#r it in I
W t-l -in a

Task A: ModetLetter
Dear/ rFeeljhg TraPPecl,,
O discuss feelings with parents
yoq /ea y./" ih. diffi."lr posilioh d.eh,+ yoh? J+
D show strong feelings in calm way
is clea/ to h1e tha+ yohr pole,lrs 4.e rryihg to ihplove
3 miss friends / family
y""/ ch.^.es ih lrfe dh.l feet ihis is the Le+ way ro
D homesick - affect studies / performance glva yoh o h"..i.ra,+.
D understand parents' point of view l-lolveve/, J cah also hh.]e/sro^.1 ,!hy y., ./e s.
qps.r .i,o"r +h"i,. p1.".. Jl i. alr"oy.,.ny hd/J +d leov
h"h" f"" rh" fi,.sr iihe. y." *,ilt,,!i+h."+ d""tr, -iss
y.". f.ieh.ls ahd fohity.",t fe"t "",-y h"hesi.[ f"" .
Useful Vocabularg .,hil". Jr r.kes g.ea+.ouroge io haL. rh6i
+"\!."ds i"d.pehd""c.,
ft/.+ sr"p
private education,
Oh rhe o+h4 hah.l,,,.ahy people.lo exa.+ly rhar
boarder (sb who lives at school),
a".l .f+"" . *,htl" +[.y
elite, ".ak. ha,, f/reh.]s ond ftn":t +ho+
+h"y h."" q".w" u."ch.+"o,.q." ."",,1 h.".."hfid"^+ as
upper classes,
privilege/position,
J snsgesr th6+ y"" +hihL ve"y.."ef"lty ol,""r yo"r
advantage over others, pa.ehrs' iiea. \thy ""r gt"e ir d rry? yo!
".iql1i
.edlly
isolation, loneliness, homesickness, enioy rhe experience an.] yor rlon,r lose yoq.
friehds
cut off from friends, L,ack h.h". Jf ih" si+qarioh ihr,1s r" be ""ally l,.d
""r
16".o,, yo,. .d,\ .h, a) . c"-- l\",,," .r4,,.
uproot someone (take sb
away from their home) J hope yok ore h.ppy n,rtrare""" I

-€a*g #: ModetEssay
,afie parenlo are over?roLeclive of their chil,
arcn an) aon'N lel thefi make Lheir awn aecie)ars.
Hawever, eome el)aiea have ahawn LheL when chil-
Aren erc allowea Lo decde lor themoelveg. they
become more ree?ongble ao a reoull.
ln rny o?inion. Lheee .,Lraiea are riqhl, An im?ar- Writ I g tps
tenL ?efi ol fiaturinq i9 makinq aec giore ana Aeal,
nq wiLh Lhe con.eqt)enceo. lf yawq
?eople arc not When you have finishecl writing in
d)owed Lo Ao oo. iL i. underelandable thal thev ,/t ))
be reeenlfd and anqry wilh Lheir ?arenlg, l,lore ena the exam there are a number of
more probleme will likely fo))ow. things you shoulcl check. First of all,
On lhe other hana. pa.erfio who Ori\e thei chl-
Aren aa l:hey rnake thar awn aecie)ona are hdpinq
read through what you have written
'\e- aed iT, aa--oa-ta.l pa1 or eot Lt". lv. and checl( for spelling problems.
parerLe have alwayo ericanraqeA fie lo chaage fiy Then, Iook at the punctuation, Have
9lrd1e9 ana ny job. and ) arn qrateful Lo r"hefi. Ane you got sentences that are far too
of my fdende. lhouqh. wae reioeL aiflerent)y. ar|
ohe ot)l de?enao or1 her long, or neecl a comma? Do the
?arenlg Lo hel? her fiake
im?orlant aed,iar.. verbs agree with the subiect?
ln concludon. I think parente have the rcapaneibit- ls your use of word order correct or
ity ta lheir ch))Aren Lo aeciae fot lhefi-
encaL)raqe
have you written in the syntax of
selves fron an eady age. )L hel?o lhet11 Lo becafie
n^e?enAerL anl natrure. which ehoub be Lhe qaal al your native language? Finally, check
every ?arenl. your use of tenses to see if they
are correct ancl appropriate.

ED
 riting
Read the following news announcement. Then, do either task A or task B. For task A you will write a letter.
For task B you will write an essay. Do only ONE of these tasks. Your writing will be graded on how fluently and
clearly you can express your ideas in English'

NEWS
Students Study Abroad
A group of 16 students ha\ie been chosen t0 spend this summer in ltaly study-
ing the ltalian language and culture. The students were chosen from a group 0f
over 300 applicants, They will leave on June 1sth and return 0n August 20th.

A. Letter
Write a letter to the editor of the newspaper
Paragraphs
o Points
n (letter)
congratulating the students chosen and Siving
reasons why you think their trip will be a fulfilling Paragraph I -Congratulate the students who
experience, Why is travel important? were chosen. State why you think it
introduction thot will be a good experience for them.
indicotes topic ond position
-Discuss travel and why you think it
Main Body
is important. What benefits miSht 1
Paragraph 2 (&3) I
the students get from stu/ying
abroad? What personal experience
Moin points ond or*ument,
do you haYe with this?

Conclusion -Reiterate why you wrote the letter

Last Paragraph and sum up your main points.

B. Essay Paragraphs
n Points (essay)
Write an essay discussing the importance of travel and
lntroduction:
the experience of foreign cultures. Be sure to include
Paragraph I -What is the major way you feel trav-
if you think you would benefit personally from a study-
el and experiencing other cultures is
abroad experience.
An introduction thot indicates important?
topic ond Position.

Main Body
- Support your {1rst-paragraph claim
Paragraph 2 (&3)
Give several reasons and make sure
to explain each one.
Moin points ond orgument,

Conclusion -Sum up your main points and restate

Last Paragraph what you said in your first paragraph.

222
ffi CHOOSING YOUR CLASS TRIP

Stage I Ei
. What is your name? . How old are you?
. Where are you from? . What do you hope to do in the next few years?
o What kind of job do you hope to be doing in ten years'time? t
. Where do you hang out with your friends?
o What do you usually do on Friday nights?

Stage 2
Situation: You're going on a class tnp and you get to choose the
destination. Where do you choose to go?

First: You should look at the pictures below and ask:

o Which place would be the most educational?
. Which places would be the most fun for my classmates?
. Where would be the easiest destination to get to?
o Which place would everyone enjoy?
. What is the reason we're going on a class trip?
Stage 3 I
Then: When you have all the information you need, explain what you've
decided. Be ready to give reasons for your choice. Remember to use
inforn'ration you learned from asking questions to explain your final choice

Stage 4
after you have shared your decision, you will be asked more
Finally,
questions about the topic.

Useful Expressions
Express your opinion on a problem
o Considering your /his/he( problem, I could say...
. n my 0pinion/To my mind I strongly feel that he...
. lhave to admit that......
. I can see his/her point but I think helshe..,
o lf I were his/her parents, l'd try to use convincing arguments to ..
o ln this respect/From this point of view, l'd try to ..,

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listen in
Dorf 2 i I

ln this port o, fhe test, you will heor four shorl tolks. After eoch tolk, you will heor some questions obout it.
Before eoch tolk begins, you will hove time fo previow lhe questions lhot ore printed in the test booklet.

. Reod the questions silently.

. Then listen to lho tolk. You con toke noles in
lhe booklet.
. Then listenlo eoch question ond choose the best onswer from the onswer choices.
. Mork your onswers on lhe seporote onswer sheet. you should mork A, B. C, or D.

There ore o tolol of 20 queslions obout the four short tolks.

Questions 3l -34
Look ot tha queslions. Then listen to o leocher of English NOTES
Lileroture giving o lecture.

31. What does the speaker say has been shown by research?
a. l\4ost students' vocabulary is not advanced.
b. A lot o,f sludents have mastered basic grammar.
c. Students find it insulting to learn grammar.
d- A lot of students have poor grammar.

32. Whose idea was it to ask studenls 10 Iill in the questionnaire?

a. Jeff Randell's
b. another colleague of Jeff Randell's
c. the speakels
d. the students'

33. How many of the students understood the term 'abstract noun,?
a. 70,k
b. 17y"
c.30%
d. 10y"

34. Which term was only understood by 30% ol the students?

a. an abstracl noun
b. the causative
c. an adjective
d. an adverb

r
 test'l 1

istening Dort 2
Questions 35-39 Ouestions 4(F45
Look ot the questions. Then listen to o rodio onnouncem€nt Look ot the questions. Then listen to on extroct
from o rodio show.
35. What doss the speaker say about The Birmingham Festival?
a. lt is the lon0est-running Jazz festival in America. 40. What does Jeff say about oueen Elizabeth?
t). lt is the oldest festival in Alabama. a. She didn't know much about history.
c. lt is the longest lestival in Alabama. b. She is not as popular as people think.
d. This is the lestival's 80th year. c. She is a very popular monarch.
d. She is probably Brilain's greatest monarch
36. What kind ol testival is it?
a. a rock lestival 41. What does Jetf say was a result of the marriage of King
ll. an alternative music lestival Henry's daughter?
c. a family music festival a. lt led in time to Scotland and England joining together.
d. a festival ol ditferent types ol music lr. Henry became King of Scotland.
c. lt ended 30 years of war.
37. Why is the festival very different from other festivals, according d, lt caused England to go bankrupt.
to the speaker?
a. lt will have a musical picnic. 42. What does Jeff see as the difference between King Henry
b. lt will have a family area. and 0ueen Elizabeth?
c. It willleature music from many different countries. a. Unlike Henry, Elizabeth is powerful and influential.
d. lt will have live performances each aftsrnoon. h. Elizabeth is not in a position of influence but
Henry was.
38. Who qualifies for the special discount prices? c. Henry was not as popuiar as Elizabeth is.
a. any student d. Henry had too much power and inlluence.
b. any sludent of the university
c. anyone who is a member oI the students' union 43. Whal is the situation with house prices in Britain,
d. students of the university who say the special phrase at the momenl?
a. House prices continue to rise across the country.
39. What does the spea(er mean wien ne says: { ) b. House prices are falling all over the country.
a. The festival will take place in Birmingham. '7 c. London house prices are Ialling but everywhere else
b. The Jestival will start soon. they are going up.
c. The ,estival is about t0 get exciting. d. London is 1he orly place where prices are rising.
d. The festival is almost over.
44. What does Jetf suggest is the reason why the Jubilee got
so much attention?
a. to distract people from the real problems
b. oueen Elizabeth is an exceptional royal
c. people wanted t0 congratulate the queen warmly
d. due to the housing situation

45. What does Jeff mean when he writes:

a. The Oueen is the royal responsible for running
the country.
b. The oueen is the holder of power in the counlry.
c. The oueen's position is just a symbolic one
with no power.
NOTES d, The oueen has a real say in how the country is run,

NOTES

230
li:;tnn in ,.

,..:.

DorT 7 a

Queslions 46-5O
Look ot the questions. Then listen lo on onnouncement,
NOTES
46. Why was the 11i20 talk moved?
a. a larger room is needed
b. a special guest called John Walsh is attending
c. 55 people are comino to it
d. the new room has seats

47. What time will Jane Smith's workshop now be at?

a.3:50
b.5:15
c. 4:40
d.3:20

48. What do we Iearn about Michelle Langley?

a. Her talk has been cancelled.
b. Her talk has been put back seven weeks.
c. The date of her talk may need to be changed
d. The time of her talk has changed.

49. What happens if members don't pay their attendance 1ee today?
a. They will be charged an extra $28.
b. They wjll be thrown out of the group.
c. They will have to pay for a three-year membership.
d. They will have to pay later at the reception desk.

50. What does the speaker mean *t',rn n, ,ryr' ()

a. Some people arriving lrom New York requested the earlier start.
b. Some people getting the last train to New york requested the earlier start.
c. The new conference venue will be in New york.
d. The last train to New York will leave earlier today.

r
 iL

rammar
51. 'Did you remember ....... .... the 57. I've heard bad news ofJoseph's 63. 'I think we should make
door this time?' ........... by the company. amendments to the plan.'
'Oh yes, for once I did.' a fired 'There always seems ..........,
a locking b having been fired room for improvement.'
b to lock c firing ais
c having locked d having fired b being
d you locked cbe
58. The idea ............ animals for dtobe
52. ............ all his work and family food is disgusting, in my opinion.'
problems, he'll have a nervous a of killing 64. 'Have you finished?' ' .

breakdown one of these days. b for killing a Not quite

a What as c to kill bI thi* not so
b What if d that killed c I am afraid have
c What for d Not aheady
d What with 59. I can't afford a new car,
a new house!' 65, 'Do you thint I can learn
53. 'What else did she say?' a let alone Chinese in a year?'
'Other ............. that she'd be away b leave alone 'It's not ........... easy.'
for a month, nothing.' c only alone aas
a than d but alone b enough
b except c only so
c from 60. Hearry industry has rapidly d that
dbv ........... in that country, since
it abounds in raw materials. 66. The cost of living has soared to
54. I feel exhausted. I............. do a developed dizzying heights.
any more work. b development Each tirne I buy things I seem
a think I will c developing ........... more and more money.
b think not to d developmental a spend
c don't thinkI b to have spent
d donl think I'll 61. 'What did you ask them?' c spending
'........ of them knew the formula.' d to be spending
55. 'Do they still take John to school a Who
in their car?' b Which 67. 'Haven't you finished your essay
'No, he's ............. now to ride c Whose yet'''
his own bike to school.' d What 'Not yet. I'm still working .,.... it.'
a old enough a for
b very old 62. 'The classroom door won't open.' bat
c too old '........... fool must have locked it.' con
d enough old a Some d with
bA
56. I think that the tourist industry c One 68, The discontent arising from
will lose most of its workers d The Jack's dismissal has affected the
............ the oil industry.' performance ........... colleagues.
ain a of each
b from b to our
cto c of his
dbv d for the

@
 rrammar
69. 'The driveway is covered in snow.' 75. A lot of the people ........... here 81. 'Is he to be believed?'
'Why don't you ........... your son find it difficult to cope with the 'No, ..,........ he says-'
to shovel it?' pollution. a rlo matter what
a have a live b no matter how
b make b lived e however hard
c get c living d as regards to
d put d were living
82. If I hadn't left my job, I ...........
70. 'In my opinion, he is an idiot, 76. 'Do you know anything about twice as much as I do now.
to ......... it mildly.' glass-blowing?' a will earn
a put 'Well, I've seen it ........... .' b will have earned
b place a being done c would earn
c say b having done d would have been earning
d mention c doing
d to have done 83. 'I'm surprised Tina didn't win
71. 'Can you believe him?' the race.'
' ........... what he says is true.' 77. They've run into financial 'She would have, ........... better
a Much of difficulties and they've had to trained.'
bAlot reduce their workforce .......,.,. a if she had had
c Much half. b would she have been
d Many of aby c had she been
bin d she had been
72. 'Which of the three shirts should c fuom
I choose?' dat 84. 'Let's have the party at your
'The one you like ..........., of place.'
coune.' 78. She was the o yone........... 'Well, there could be some
a the better the crash. problems ........... that.'
b best a suruiving a in doing
c much b to surviye btodo
d more than c she survived c for us doing
d who survives d if we do
73. 'What is your brother interested
in studying?' 79. 'Who did you invite to dinner?' 85. 'Can I go home now?'
'Aeronautics. lr's a field that is 'No one........... than Robert and 'You are ........... needed here;
quite ........... to him.' his wife.' you may go.'
a attractive a besides a not longer
b attracted b rather b no longer
c attraction c except c any longer
d attractively d other d not long

74. 'Will you come and work for us?' 80. 'How come Susan dared do a
' ........... me well and I will.' thing like that?'
a If you pay 'I don't know. It's not ........... her
b Should you pay to do such things.'
c Unless you pay a unlike
d Pay b same
c like
d similar

r
 ocabulary
86. The little boal in the stormy sea. 95. 'l ._ t0 see the managea, the old lady shouted at
a. vanished the shop assistant,
b. emerged a. demand
c. was disappeared b. require
d. rescued c. suggest
d. insist
87. Flora comprises all the growing wild in a
96 He fi nally breaking into the house
parlicular place.
a. creatures
a. refused

b. plants b. denied

c. animals
c. admitted

d. minerals
d. accepted

97. Even though we are supposed to work as a team,

88. 'Was he given a hearty welcome?'
'Huge crowds turned
lo welcome him h0me.
Glenda tends to be veryat times.
a. bossy
a. up b. fussy
b. over c. lively
c. away d. trustworthy
d. down
98. You don't have t0 take up chemistry this year.
89. l\/lr. Smithers his resignation a few days ago. Itis_.
a. gave up a. compulsory
b. sent to b. optional
c. turned up c. necessary
d. handed in d. lrequent
90. The troops to the enemy after having sulfered 99. She's always very aboul her success
severe casualties, a. charming
a.resigned b. dili0ent
b. evacuated c. amiable
c. abdicated
d. modest
d" surrendered
100" Do you think you will be able t0 me up for lwo
nights, as I've got nowhere 10 stay?
91. He expressed deep
a. harm
-
a. get

h. sorrow b. put
c. turn
c. ashamed d. take
d. apology
101. Four people were killed in the car crash; only one
92. l\4y grandfather doesn't like spending money. He's a. survived
a. charming b. saved
b. sensitive c. rescued
c. dull d. revived
d. stingy
102. Jones is a quiet, _ boy. He excels in all his subjects.
93. l'm a _ supporter of the local lootball team a. diligent
a. loyal b. lazy
b. usual c. unreliable
c. modest d. disloyal
d. selfish
103. He's a stay-at-home-man really, but in the past he
94. The government is conducting into corruption used to go out
in the civil service, a. rarely
a. a revision b. usually
b. a campaign
c. Irequently
c. an investigation
d. ordinarily

E d. a questionnaire
li ilt,Ihu l,1r
la
104. What they had in mind to do was the agreement. 113. IVly Iriend won'tturn us in; he is
a. donate a. innocent
b. compensate b. shifty
c. locate c. loyal
d- violate d. lively

105. The President's was sentenced to death. 114. He lost his job but he oot no
-
a. executioner a. award
b. assassin b. reward
c. criminal c. compensation
d. bodyguard d. salary

106. lt will you a lot of time if you get everything 115. lam not keen on sports
ready overnight. a. competitive
a. save b. comparative
b. make c. compatible
c. spend d. competent
d. award
116. Have a second if you are still hungry.
107. The plane was on its way to Singapore a. helpjng
a. forced b. food
b. hijacked c. choice
c. robbed d. alternative
d. burgled
117. After the parents' divorce the children
108. You will _ your eyes by reading in this dim light turned their father.
a. ruin a. away
b. spoil b. against
c. destroy c. down
d. break d. from
109. The continued throughout the year; all the crops 118. You really are at if you do not wear a sealbelt.
were destroyed. a. danger
a. earthquake b. risk
h. avalanche c. safety
c. drought d. hazard
d. eruption
119. I won't._ your rudeness any longer.
110. The __ soldier was transferred to the military a. stand up
hospital, immediately. b. come down
a. harmed c. put up with
b. hurt d. look into
c. broken
d. wounded 120. Jones wasn't able to
IVlr. lhe conference because
he was very busy.
111. University students are complaining about cutbacks on a. attend
educational b. assist
a. collections c, attempt
b. charities d. present
c. Junds
d. donations
112. A great number of goods were on _ in the shop
windows on the opening day.
a. sight
b.

r
display
c. exhibition
d. vision
 m a

This passage is about the naming of Hollywood.

121. What is another name for "Calilomia Holly"?

The Naming Of Hollywood a. Hol\rvood

b. stands

A locally popular c. Gigi

etymology is d. Toyon

Ia
r
I
that the name
, 122, What were H.J. Whitley and his wife doing
"Hollywood"
when they saw the Chinese man?
traces to the
a. driving
ample stands of
b. standing
native Toyon or
c. riding
"California Holly", that cover the hillsides with clusters
d. hauling wood
of bright red berries each winter. But this, and other
accounts of the name coming from imported holly, 123, How could the Chinese man's wagon be described?
then growing in the area, are not confirmed. Another a. in bad condition
story says the name Hollywood was coined by H. J. b. in good condition
Whitley, the so-called Father of Hollywood. He and c. noisy
his wife, Cigi, are said to have come up with the d, brand new
name while on their honeymoon. As they stood on
the hill (which is now the center of Hollyrruood) admir- 124, Where was the summer home that mav have been

ing the view, they spied a rickety old wagon pulled by Holl,wvood's namesake?

one horse with a Chinese man driving pell-mell down a. England

b. California
a narrow path. As he approached them, he stopped
c. China
his wagon. Whitley asked what he was doing. ln bro-
d. Ohio
ken English and with a Chinese accent he said, "l up
sunrise. old trees fall down. Pick up wood. AII time
125. How definite is the etymology of 'Hol\wood'?
haully wood." At that moment, HJ declared he would
a. very definite
name the new town Hollyrruood. Another story refers
b. fairly definite
the name to Harvey Wilcox, who bought land in the
c. positively delinite
area for development of homes. His wife, Daeida, met d. not definite at all
a woman on a train who mentioned that she had
named her Ohio summer home Holll,rvood. Daeida,
who liked the name, gave it to their new development.
The name first appeared on the Wilcox's map of the
subdivision, filed with the county recorder on
February 1 , 1887.

236
rE,] l
This passage is about David Crockett, an American folk hero. R eadin a

David Crockett, or "Davy" as he

became known, was a legendary
frontiersman who became an 126. What happened to Da\,y Crockett on the fourth day

American folk hero for his hunting, of term in school?

soldiering, and political exploits of the a. He got into a fight with someone who he said was
early l9th century.
Crockett was born in Rogersville,
/ bullying him.
b. He was bearen up by a bully,
Tennessee, in 1786. At the age of l3
c. He ran away from home for good.
he was sent to school, but, iust four
days into term, he dropped out and ran away to avoid d. He was punished for having beaten up someone

being punished for having beaten up a'bully'who had tried who tried to bully him.
to embarrass him. Crockett returned home a few days
later, hoping that allwould be forgiven, but when he said 127. What happened when Dar.y Crockett retumed
what had happened and when Crockett refused to go back to his hometown aged 15?
to school, his father was incensed. Crockett ran away from
a. He got into debt and had to be helped by his father.
the family home for good and spent the next three years of
b. He was accepted again by his family having helped
his life roaming from town to town, learning the ways of
the outdoorsman and becoming a skilled hunter and trappe[ his father out of trouble.
He eventually returned to his hometown when he was c. He restored his own reputation in the town by paying
nearing his l6th birthday. He found his father in debt and off all his debts.
Crockeft restored his own reputation within the family by d. He began collecting debts owed to his father to save
working to pay off all the debts and save the family busi-
the family business.
ness. On his 2fth birthday, Crockett married polly Finley.
The couple had two sons and a daughter together. The
128. How many children did Dar.y Crockett have altogether?
Crockett family set up home in a new settlement on Beans
Creek in Kentucky. Polly died a young woman just two a. two girls and four boys
years later, and Crockeft remarried in 1815, fathering three b. two boys and four girls
more children - two girls and a boy - with Elizabeth patton. c. three girls and three boys
During the Creek War - an lndian civil war in which d. two girls and one boy
American government troops got involved on the side of
the Cherokee lndians - Crockett's reputation as a brave
129. What was the Creek War?
and resourceful soldier was cemented. ln the tough winter
months, Crockett is said to have kept the starving troops in a. A war in which the American government fought

his company alive because of his skills as a hunter, trapper agairst the Indian people.
and woodsman. After the war, news of his exploits spread b, Another name for the American civil war.
and Crockett became a very popular figure, c. A war with the Cherokee Indians on one side and
ln 1826, he was elected to the House of Representatives,
the Amedcan government on the other.
and soon became known as a politician who spoke his
d. A civil war between rival groups of Indians.
mind. However, when he spoke out against President
Jackson's lndian Removal Act, this was a step too far.
Crockett lost his seat in tovernment as many didn,t like to 130. What can we imply from the second-last paragraph?
see a politician speaking out against the president besides, a. Crockett didn't Iike Indians.
-
standing up for the lndians was not a popular thing to do at b. Crockett's support for the Indians made him unpopular.
the time. c. President Jackson often spoke his mind.
After that, Crockett rode for Texas, plannint to start a
d. Crockett's support for the unpopular president
new life there. lnstead, he met his death lighting with the
caused him to lose his seat in govemment.
American troops at the infamous Battle of the Alamo but
-
the legend of Davy Crockett lives on.

w
 D
I

Venice: Rise and Fall

To: [email protected]
Although not totally clear, it
From: l\,4ylesSkander <[email protected].
seems that Venice's first
Subject: Ad in Daily Express residents were peop e from
Dear Sir, nearby Roman citres and
farmers from the surrounding
I am writing because I find your claim that Venice is a tour st's countrys de fleeing the fre-
paradise quite simply ridiculous. Based on my own experience, I can quent nvasions of Germanic
think of nowhere lwould llke to travel to again, 1ess. When I arrived tr bes into northern ltaly from about 100 BC until 600 AD
in Venice I had high expectations; these were soon not lust Venrce, a marshy lagoon at the time, was 0f llttle inter-
disappointed but lwould say destroyed. est to the invaders and could also eas ly be defended by
the people living there, The official founding date of the
At one point while lwas there, lagreed a price with a gondolier on city is said to have been the 25thl\.4arch,421 AD, which
the side of the canal -'S80', he said.'For both of us?'lresponded. And coincides with the date on which Venice's first church
he assured me that, yes, lt was a total price for two, Then, when was dedicated (opened).
we were in the boat and he had rowed out to the middle of the
canal, he asked for the money, but he asked for twice what we'd From such humble beginnings, by the start 0f the 9th
agreed. And worse; he refused to bring irs back to dry land unless century, Venice had developed into a city state, and one
we paid him. I was disgusted at this behavior and both my wife and with considerable naval and commercial power. Venice's
lwere quite scared and intimidated. strategic location helped the city to become a flourishing
center of trade between the West and the rest of the
ln fact, everywhere we went in Venice we found people trying io world. it was no Longer a swampy lttle town; by then
rip us olf. And the Iood iasted very ordinary and was totally Venice was one of the most important cities in Europe.
overpriced as well; so much for'ltalian cuisine', lcould make a
better lasagna myself. lndeed, by the end of the 13th century, Venice had
become the richest city in Europe. As well as continuing
Venice s a stinking, slnking disgracel to be an important cefter for trade, ts quickness to
embrace the new printing press technology invented in
Yours, Germany in the mid-1400s meant that by the end of 15th
An unhappy tourist century, the floating city was the capital of the pr ntlng
world, too.
But its prosperity was not going to last forever; it suf-

B Venice Walking Tours

A wolk through porodise!
fered damaging defeats in wars with the Turks in the
mid-15th century, and when new trade routes to lndia
were discovered by the Portuguese around the same
From only $65 per person, with departures time, Venice was no longer the important trade center it
available daily at I la.m. and 2:30 p.m. (Sunday had once been. The Venetian Republic finally lost its inde-
tours only during the high season from May lst pendence in 1797 when Napoleon Bonaparte's French
until October lst), take a walk with us for a army conquered the city. lt has not had anythlng like the
comprehensive introduction to the world's I same influence in the commercial or politica world since,
most beautiful and unique city, Venice.
Meeting Point: Entrance to the Royal Gardens
Duration; 4 hours St. Mark's Basilica
Available languages: English, German and
French
Located on Piazza San
Marco, the Basilica is one
First, we will roam around St. Mark's Square and visit the interior of of the highlights of a visit
Doge's Palace (entry ticket included in the price). Then we will leave to Venice. Of course.
the crowds behind to discover a side of Venice seldom appreciated; visitors are expected to
the labyrinth of narrow passageways and alleys that wind their way dress consewatively and
through the backtreets of the floating city. And, finally, we'll explore
cover up their arms and
the beautiful gothic palaces and church of Campo Santa Maria
legs. Hats should also be re ente rlng
Formosa.
church. It is open year-round from 9:45 a.m. until
Excludes: Meals, Drinks, Gratuities, Optional Activities 5 p.m. - though, to be exact, it closes a quarter of an
Optional Add.on: Grand Canal Boat Tour hour earlier in winter. A visit to the basilica lasts
Admire the beautiful architecture on the canal banks from the com- about half an hour if you pay for the tour of the
fort of one of our luxurious gondolas and let an experienced gondo- upper floor, which is a museum. Otherwise, entry into
lier lead you on an unforgeftable journey, by the end of which you the church itself is free and you probably won't spend
are guaranteed to be feeling all romantic! (Only an extra $40) more than ten minutes there, No photography or
Call: 1800 Walk Venice filming is allowed. Expect long queues in the high
season.
238
rE,ld i n
R eadin a

Questions 131 refers to section A. 136. Why does the writer use the phrase 'capital of the
131. Why was Myles Skander so annoyed by his experience pdnting world' on the Iast line of the third paragraph?
with the gondolier? a. to show how important Germany was in the world
a. He charged him 80 euro for a boat ride. of pdnting
b. He asked for the money just after the boat ride b. to emphasize that Germany invented the printing press
had begun. c. to show how important Venice was to the invention of
c. He cheated Myles out of an extra $80. the pdnting press
d.He refused to sta the boat-ride unril he was paid. d. to emphasize that a lot of printing activity took place
in Venice

Questions 132-134 refer to section B, 137, What do we Iearn in the final paragraph?
132. Which of the following statements is true? a. The discovery of new ways of getting to India made
a. There are daily walking tour departures year-round. Venice less important for trade.
b. From May until October, there are tours b.India and Portugal became bigger trade centers thafl
on Sundays only. Venice.
c, There are two different departure times for the c. After 1797 , the city became knorrr as the
walking tour. Venetian Republic.
d. The tour begins at 11 a.m. and ends at 2:30 p.m. d. In the 16th century, the Turks conquered Venice.

133. What does the phrase 'a side of Venice seldom Question 138 refers to section D.
appreciated' in the second sentence of the third 138. What important piece of information about visiting
paragraph mean? St. Mark's Basilica would a toudst learn ftom reading
a. an aspect of the city that most tourists ignore this text?
b. a side of the city that is much appreciated by visitom a. It takes about half an hour to look around the church.
c. a part of Venice where few people Iive b. Entry into the museum is free only on Sundays.
d. a side of the city which is difficult to like c. The basilica closes at the same time year-round.
d. To look around the church and museum might take
134. What is the main purpose of the terl? about 40 minutes.
a. to encourage people going on the walking tour to
also go on a boat dde Questions 139-140 refer to two or more sections.
b. to encourage tourists to visit and explore Venice 139. Which sections mention places ofworship?
c, to suggest a good route for tourists who want to walk a.A.BandC
through Venice b.A,BandD
d. to make people aware of a type of tour offered c.A,CandD
to visitors in Venice d.B,CandD

Questions 135-137 refer to s€ction C. 140. What is probably tlue about the writer of the email in
135. Who are thought to have been the first people to go section A?
and live in Venice? a. He intended to go to Venice until he read bad
a. Germanic tribes invading Italy things about it.
b. people lrom Rome escaping an invasion b. He has never been to Vedce because he has heard
c. people from the surrounding area looking for bad things about it.
a safe place to stay c. He has been on the walking tour and was not happy with it.
d. farmers looking for nerv farmland d, He saw an ad about the walking tour in a newspaper.

r
 1
l:ffi-'ffi-*e
ild a Part 4
Special Offer for Theatre-goers! 17
IJ
rrnce
Now showing at the Bernard B. Jacobs Theatre,45th Street, New
PANGINI'S ITALIAN BUFFET RESTAURANT
York. Starring Tony-award-winning actor Steve Kazee as'Guy'and
500,6discount on post-show dinners Cristin l\/lilioti as 'girl'.
(group bookings only - minimum 4 people)
Performances daily, except lVondays, at 8 p.m. (evening show on
. Present your Broadway show ticket on arrival and you Tuesday starts one hour earlier). l\.4atinee shows on Wednesdays and
and your group will be entitled to this unbelievable weekends, startlng at 3 p.m.
discount rate on your med, 0nce is a stage adaptation of the popular 2006 film of the same
. Select your food from any of the buffet tables and take name. The songs were wr tten by Glen Hansard and f,4arketa lrg ova,
as much as you like (food from the special chef's menu and include'Falling Slowly', winner of the 2007 Oscar for Best Original
not included, charged at normal rates). Song.
. Enioy a complimentary glass of house wine (one glass
The show premiered at the New York Theater Workshop on December
per person).
6th, 201i, to acclaim from both audiences and crit cs. 0n February
Normal price of Buffet f4eal Deal is $50, This does not 281h,2012, it opened on Broadway at its present venue, and has
pldyeo to oackeo houses everv sl-ow sinre.
include a free drink.
Tickets are ava able onl ne on the show's official website, and through
Please note that the 50olo discount and the comPlimentary
broadwaytheatertickets.com, or can be purchased by calling the the-
glass of wine can only be offered to theatre-8oers on the
ater box office. The theater box office opens two hours before the
night of their show. All persons in the SrouP must be in Pos-
start 0f each performance, bltt, owlng to demand, t ckets are often
session of yalid Broadway show tickets.
completely soLd out wel in advance, so it is highly advisable t0 book
ahead of time rather than just turn up 0n the night.

tr Once the Musical

The oscar"winning film was a word'of'
Stage- evel premium tickets sell for between 5100 and 5180. Premium
balcony tickets are prlced at 5120 for seats on the first level, and
595 for seats of the upper level.Other seats vary in price from S20 -
mouth success and now it seems we S100. Restricted-view seats are sold at S20 each.
can't get enough of the musical version
of this romance story either, Orce has lnquiries <boxoff [email protected]>
To:
just swept the board at the TonY
From: l\4olly l\ilalone
Awards, winning in eight of the eleven
Subject Urgentl Pr0blem with 0nline Booking System
categories n which lt was nomlnated, ncludlng Best Actor and
Best l\4usical.
Hi,

So what's it all about? Wel, 0nce is basically a guy'meets'girl lhope you can hep me. am havng some serious issues with your
love story. The 'guy' is a singer and songwr ter who spends his online booking system.
days fixing vacuum cleaners if his father's repa r shop, and his Since about 9 o'clock this morning, lhave been trying to book tickets
evenings busking on the streets of Dublin and playing music ln for the Saturday matinee performance on the 25th l\.4ay. I have tried
local pubs and clubs. The girl' sees hin'r perforrn in a pub one seven or eight times now and I keep getting an error message just as
day and they start talking. lt just so happens that she has a the sale is about to go through, I can make my ticket selection okay,
vacuum cLeafer that needs fixlng so the two meet agaln in his and enter my personal and payment information, but then, when lclick
iather's shop the next day, The'girl'can't afford to pay for the the submit button, the page takes a long time to load and when it does
repairs so she'pays'in music, by playing on the piano for him, the error message shows !p on the screen,
'Girl'and'guy'realize they share a love of music and become
friends. She convinces him to believe in himself and what he I assumed that my booking was unsuccessful each time this happened,
so ltrled again. As lsaid, lhave repeated the process seven or eight
writes, and together they manage to find enough cash to
record a demo track. Their relationship and the story blossom times now. I have just got a phone call from my bank asklng me about
from there. some strange activity on my credit card account. The woman lspoke
t0 exp ained to me that multiple payments have been made for theater
But would I recornmend you g0 see i1? Well, it's definitely
tickets to'Bernard B. Jacobs Box office'. Needless to say, I was very
something different. 0nce is more like a play with music than a surprized to learn this,
true musical, as all the music comes from the songs the mus' Please investigate lrgently and confirm if any of my attempted book"
cians/actors in the story perform. The rest of the time they ings have gone through. lhave received no email confirmation of a suc-
speak normally to each other. The atmosphere is intimate, sort cessful transaction. lam very worried now that lhave been charged
of like being in a pub and there's some audience participation multiple times for my booking; therefore, please respond to confirm
at the beginning, when members of the audience are invited to what the situation is and what you will do to compensate me if indeed I
have a drink at the onstage bar as musiclans play songs. The l^ave oeen overLhd'ged in tl-is manrer,
best thing about it is undoubtedly the lyrics of the songs them-
lexpect a full refund for any duplicate bookings and lwould also like to
selves, which are very powerful and moving. lwould say it's an
be compensated further with theater vouchers as this has been a very
evening well-spent. But, nice though the story is, think twice
stressJul day for an elderly lady like me with the bank calling and so on.
before bringing the little ones with you; there are a few four-
letter words you might not want them to hear. Thank you,
l\.4olly lvlalone
240
rE,ld in I E.2
R eadin a

Question 141 refers to section A. Questions 146.148 refer to section C.

1,11. What is NOT one of the conditions of the special offer? 1,16. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Four people or more must be in your group for the a. The lead actress in the play has won an award for her
discount to apply. performance.
b. You must eat your meal on the same night as the b. There are performances of the show every day
theater show you are going to. of the week.
c. You must eat your meal before the theater show starts. c. The evening show on a Tuesday starts at 7 pm.
d. All members ofyour group must have valid tickets for d. There is an afternoon performance once a week.
a theater show the same night.
147. What has GIen Hansard got to do with the play?
Questions 142-145 refer to section B, a. The play is based on his relationship with
142. Which of the following statements is true? Marketa Irglova.
a. Once the Musical won an Oscar. b. The songs in the play are performed by him
b. Once the Musical won 11 Tony Awards. and Marketa Irglova.
c. Once the Musical is based on a film. c. He directed an Oscar-winning film adaptation
d. Once the Musical got nominated for 8 Tony Awards. of the play.
d. He co-wrote the songs used in Orce with
143. How did the'guy' and'girl' in the story first meet? Marketa Irglova.
a. She repaired his vacuum cleaner.
b. She brought her damaged vacuum cleaner to 148. What is true about the purchase of lickets ior Once?
his father's shop. a. The cheapest seats do not have a full view of the stage
c. She met him in a pub while playing piano. performance.
d. She met him by chance at one of his performances b, The most expensive seats are positioned at the front
of the highest-level balcony.
144. Why does the writer say Once is more like a play c. Tickets can be ordered from the box office until two
than a musical? hours before the performance starts.
a. He doesn't think the songs are very good. d. Online tickets are only available through the show's
b. Most of the actors only speak normally to each other official website.
and don't ever sing.
c, Apart from when pedorming songs, the actors Question 149 refers to section D.
speak rather than sing. 1.19. What is the main reason why this email is ,urgent,?
d. He thinks there is too much speaking and not a. Molly Malone cannot book her tickets online.
enough singing. b. Molly Malone wants someone to check if her booking
was duplicated.
145. What does the )\,riter say in his recommendation? c. Molly Malone wants to be compensated for her mistake.
a. He would think twice before going to see Once. d. Molly Malone wants an immediate refund of the cost
b. The play has some strong language which may be of her tickets.
unsuitable for children.
c. He was disappointed by the song lyrics in an Question 150 refers to more than on€ section.
otherwise good play. 150. Which of the texts would most likely be seen in the ads
d. It is difficult to hear some of the words the actors are section of a newspaper?
saying on stage. a.AandB
b.AandD
c. BandC
d.AandC

241
 test 1 'l
riting
Read the following news item from a local newspaper about summer vacations.
Then, do either task A or task B. For task A you will write a letter. For task B you will write an essay. Do only ONE
of these tasks. Your writing will be graded on how fluently and clearly you can express your ideas in English,

\ You will have 30 minutes to write

your letter or essay.
\ You may rnake an out ine or notes in
yo.rr TesT booh.et i'you wrs5, but your
outline will rot count toward your score
\ You will not be graded on the
appearance of your paper, but your h
handwriting must be readable. You may I
change or correct your writing, but you ll
should not recopy the whole essay.
\ Use your own words as much as
possible. Do not copy a lot from the
article given below. news
S0mm€f vqcstions
-Wab-[e..timef
T
he govemment is seriously classes all year round.
considering eliminating The govemmerlt believes this will
summer vacations flom enhance the leaming level of the I
the school year. students as well as the pedolm-
Summer vacations, the govem- ance of the teacheN.
ment argues, should be incorpo-
].---'T--:."!ggH rated into the regular g-month
school year, makirg studerts !
attend and teacheN instruct

A !-e++er
You and your classmates have been discussing this article. You want to convey
your feelings about the issue to the government. Write a letter to the editor of the
newspaper, including your opinion about the reaction of your peers and your
argument about summer vacations.

B €ssay
What do you think this traditional vacation period has to ofier students and/or
teachers, if anything? Do you think it should continue or should it be eliminated,
as the government argues?
Discuss your opinions and give examples to support your argument.

242
1/!,'f it n I
I
I

W EIIIIE
POINTS THAT CAN BE INCI.UDED:
Task A: ModetLetter
D weaker students: summer school to catch up D"^t St,
J am wri+ing in.esponse to rhe ar+icle ln yoqr
D summer: chance to do different activities con.e/hi^s *,,ihei vaco+i"". r"" .ch""1s,
^e!!spapel
D children need a childhood - not just studying Jh hy opihioh ancl J l,.li.v. ih rh. "pi"i." "f +h"
0 time for families to be together laiority ol pee,s, the s"^".er va.aliohs are
^y
extrehlely ihlpor+aht.
D some countries: summer too hot to study Fi/srly, i.r is ihpo.rahr io rehehbe. rhai chilcl.eh
D leachers may be put off career / want more money need r" .nj"y +h.ir childhood. Jf ihey a"e f"rced to
spehd ioo
D benefits to teachers: rest / job more attractive / preparation "."6h +ihe staclyins, they rvlll l,e stressed
."d .xh.".ie! 1, hey "eed +he.pp"rruhiiy ro relax
D benefits to students: have a break / free time / option anJ cl.."t"y.l,l" acrn,+res such.. playihg sp""r ah.-l
spehclrhs ri,he ha"rhs f"^ wirh 1h"i. f/ie"d.
of summer lessons
,.\".+he. i,.po"idhr asp.cr "f rh. s"^*"/ vo.arioL.s
tr will it enhance students'/ teachers' performance? ls thar rhls rs rhe +ihle wheh fahilies s.r r" sp."d
D personal views / experience q",alily tl6. rogethe". M""v hy f.ieh.ls as.ee ihar
ihls helps th.,^ r. +ay .lose"fro rheir parehls,
Jh sohe.oahl/les i} is siraply too ho+ ro sfqdy
du+ins +he .,,".,.e" d^d l,.ih sr"!.^rs ."J r...h...
rv."lJ ""r 1," .1,1. +. w".I effecrively ]n s"ch c.n,!l+."s.
! sa:d:: ::'a;ii=e:: Jr c."lJ 1,../s".d +har -e4ke" sr"dehrs ".ay
ihpr.ve if rh.y sr"Ji.d ^ll ye.. ""q"d bur in rry op n-
time out, relaxation, carefree days, family vacations, i"h, ihe E"^"... v..atioh gives weaker sradeh+s a
quality family time, get away from it all, become exhausted, chance ro revise anJ ca+ch
"p.
Fi,.al]y, J
disillusioned with job, dissatisfied, lose incentive/motivation, 'r.ald ltLe io poihr ""r ihat "..hy s".,1
r"ach.rs rr""ld 6e pql "ff reochi^9 if +hey we/e io
perk (bonus)/attraction of the job, extra tuition, beneficial, l"s" th" l."s "...ri""..
intensive courses J hope ay rh."ghrs." rhis
.ql,jec+ o.e
"f s"..e ih+e.esr i" y"",
yoa.s faEhf4Iy,

t Task B: ModetEssay
the surnnrcr vacat) an6 are a traa)Liara oart af
I the achoo year anA are .orr,eth nq Lhat, boib. etr-
aerla aiaa teachers look forwata la.
Lel ug l)p1:. )ook al Lhe ita?')c frcrn Nhe vieN?ainl
af the eLuienle. 1lu^enle wark hara lhrouqhorL Lhe
academic year. They erc unde. qulle a 1o1: al ?re?-

I ave lo Ao we)) in Lhet )eeeone aed in lha exafi

ana lherefore, I be) eve LhaL lhe vacaliore are Aec-
Writing Tips
eeeary for lhen lo gperd eofie tifie re)axtrg. fhere

I w'tll be yearo of hard work ahead o'i lhem wherl lhey

a(e aAullb ana I Aont Lhink 1l 1o a qood lhn\ lor
younq peop)e La be ura loa firch ?teoeL)te.
lf you are replying or
to something such as an article in
responcling
a
the gvtfi1 ',,acalions atfer eorne klnd of bal- newspaper or magazine, you will
ance in Lhe l:)fe of 9tuienl1. ll: aloa qiveg lhefi Lhe
a??orLuniLy ta o?ena Nitle re)a/,inq wilh lheir trienae
neecl to write in quite a formal
an+ la lalk la Lher parenLe and da lhinqa ae a style.
fanily. ln fiy o? rior lhio a cruc al, in orier Lo kee? You should give your reasons for
a .ltronq rclallanohi? belween parenLa ana Lhe)r chi -
Aten, writing at the beginning, saying
Ag lar ag Neacherg are corcerned. I an cori- what you are responding to. Explain
, "cel .-dt *af\) o! tr.r tdl.p _? d - .er i. your opinion and the reasons for it
r,eachinA becauge ol sufirner vacatane.
1:he )anA
af
couree. i )a nal Lhe begl reaaon tto becofie clearly. Use separate paragraphs for
a leacher, bul fi Aoe. fiake Lhe iab rnote al,ltac- each main point that you make. In
L:)ve. A).o laachep have a denand n4 )ob and Lhey
reea lhe vacaLiong Lo resl ana Lo ?re?are for Lhe the final paragraph, sum up your
rexl aca^efiic yeat. argument.
lr canclug on. ) world eay Lhal Lhe srmmer vaca-
- o.- d-e be"ef cia o.d :ro;o ,e*a t.

W
 test 'l 'l
riting
Read the following advertisement put on by the Country Currier newspaper. Then, do either task A or
task B. For task A you will write a letter. For task B you will write an essay. Do only ONE of these tasks. Your writ-
ing will be graded on how fluently and clearly you can express your ideas in English.

I[u Coumny Cunnim C,unnem Conresr

Thr coulrrny cunnien is cunnrirrly holdiruq n wniriruq colrrrsr oprr ro n[[ sruderlrs.
Pknse rcl[ us why you rhir,rk lenniriruq diflenerur l,rnqunqrs nrd lrrnrirq nbour cu[-
runes orkrn rhnlr youn owru is iltponrnnr. Br sunt ro ircludr prnsonnl rxprniences
nnd why you [re[ rhr wAy you do. Errnies nnr dur by rhr u'rd of rhr *rorrh.

Paragraphs Points (letter)

Write a letter to a friend telling him or her about
the contest and suggesting he or she should enter it. lntroduction:
Describe the contest as well as some of your ideas Paragraph I
-Explain to a friend about the
on the topic and make sure to explain the reasons
contest and suggest he or she
why you think your friend should enter An introduction thot
enter it
indicotes to\ic ond
position.
-Describe your own ideas about the
Main Bodv
topic of the contest and Teasons
Paragraph 2 (&3)
why you feel the way you do.
lYake sure to give at least two or
Moin points and argument,
three reasons.

Conclusion -Restate your feelings about the

Last Paragraph contest/contest topic.

E" Essay Paragraphs

o Points
o (essay)
The Currier is asking for essays about language
and culture. Write your own submission to the
lntroduction:
Paragraph I
contest. Be sure to follow the contest guide- -Make a general statement about
lines and make clear the reasons you feel learn- your feelings on language and culture.
An introduction thot indicotes
ing languages and learning about other cultures
topic ond position.
are impoftant.
-Discuss language and culture and
Main Body
how you feel about it. lnclude any
Paragraph 2 (&3)
personal experience you have with
the topic. Be sure to focus on more
Moin points ond orgument,
than one point.

-Conclude with a statement summing

Conclusion
up your feelings about language and
Last Paragraph
culture.

@
 +*
M L'-
peaking
CHOOSING THE RIGHT SUBJECT

Stage I
. What class and school do you attend?
. What are your favorite subjects in school?
. Describe your school.
. Are there enough facilitjes tn your school?
. What new facilities do you think your school needs?
r What would yo{r like to study when you graduate
from senior high school?

Stage 2
Situation: Your friend is going to an academic summer camp and
needs Io choose a subject to focus on for the summer. She wants
your help rnaking a decision.

First: You should look at the pictures below and ask:

o Who is the person? History
. What are the options?
. What is the advantage t0 each option?
o What is the disadvantage to each option?
H
Stage 3
Then: When you have all the information you need, explain what
you've decided. Be ready to give reasons for your choice.
Remember to use lnformation y0u learned from asking questions to
explain your final choice.

Stage 4
after you have shared your dectsion, you will be asked more
Finally,
questions about the topic.

w
 test
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246
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16
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ln lhis port of the test, you will heor four short tolks. After eoch tolk, you will heor some questions obout if.
B€lore eoch tolk begins, you will hove tim€ to preview the questions thot ore printed in the test booklet.

. Reod lhe questlons silently.

. Then listen to the tolk. You con toke noles in the booklet.
. Then listen lo eoch guestion ond choose the best onswer from the onswer choices.
o Mork your onswers on lhe seporote onswer sheet. you should mork A, B, C, or D.

Ther€ ore o totql of 20 queslions obout the four short tolks.

Questions 3I-34
Look ot the questions. Then lislen to o teocher of Religious NOTES
History glvlng o lecture.

31. What is the meaning of the word 'parable'?

a. a long story
b. a long story about real-life evenls
c. a short story about real-life events
d. a made-up story with a message in it

32. Why is there a man lying on the roadside?

a. He fell and injured hjmself.
b. He was involved in a drunken fight.
c- He was attacked and had his things stolen.
d. He tried to rob someone and was beaten as ounishment.

33. Who is the Samaritan?

a. a man who is not well-liked
b. a well-respected member of the community
c. a priesl
d. a man lying injured on the roadside

34. What is the message ol the story?

a. Respect people with important titles,
b. Help people who have a lot of money.
c. Rich people are olten not good people.
d. Avoid judging people you don't know.

4
 test 12
istening Dort 7
Quesllons 35-39 Ouestions 4f45
Look ot th€ questions. Then listen lo o monoger moking o Look ot the questions. Then listen to o lecture
speech. obout commerciol spoceflight.

35. What kind ol worker was lvlichael when he firsl joined the company? 40. Which of the lollowing was a rule of the X Prize competition?
a. very punctual a. 0nly government-funded companies could enter.
b. very impolite and he caused problems b. The same spacecraft could not be reused for the
c. very involved in the team second flight attempt.
d. very memorable c. The winning spacecraft could cost no more than
$10 million.
36. Why did management stad to take nolice of him? d. The winning spacecraft would have to make two
a. He was a natural leader. spaceflights.
b. He coped well with responsibility.
c. He did a lot of work compared to his colleagues. 41. What was SpaceShip0ne?
d. He spoke up for himself well. a. a spacecraft designed by Paul Allen
b. the spacecraft that was part ol the famous
37. Why was lvlichael made a team leader? Sputnik project
a.H e had become more of a team player after his first promotion c. the craft of the Tier one project team
b.H e was very good at training new staff members. d. the craft financed by Microsoft company
c.H is existing team leader left her job.
d.H e was extremely hard working. 42. When did the second successful spaceflight of the winning
team take place?
38. How has Michael performed since being made a leam leader? a. September 29th
a. We are not told. b. November 6th
b. He has done well and been one for nine years. c. November 1]th
c. He has been very successful. d. october 4th
d. He has been praised by the managing director.
43. Which leam managed to fly a special type ol reusable
39. What does the speaker mean wnen sne saVs: () rocket lor the lirst lime?
a. I\ilichael liked to keep secrets. a. Sputnik 1

b. Michael was always himsell around people. b. Tier 0ne

c. Michael didn't have much to say to people. c. Space Transport Corporation
d. l\4ichael knew his own personality very well, d. ARCA

44. How much in total do people who want t0 g0 0n Virgin

Galactic spaceflights have to pay?
a. $500,000
b. $20,000
c. $200,000
d. $220,000

45. Who is Burt Rutaan?

NOTES a. a scientist signed up t0 the Galactic Jlight program
b. an aclor signed up to the Galactic flight program
c. a billionaire entrepreneur
d. a spacecraft designer

NOTES

252
 +
M
Dort 7 a

Questions 46-5O
Look ot the questions, Then listen lo on onnounc€ment on o rodio show.
NOTES
46. Whjch of the lollowing statements is true?
a. The Aft Show will Ieature nightly theatrical performances.
b. The Art Show is a new concept living art gallery.
c. The first night ol the Art Show will have some special exhibits and features
d. The Art Show is sponsored by Radio College F[4.

47. How much does it cost to attend the opening night?

a. it is free, but only students of the university may attend
b. all students can get in free, members ot the public pay $2.50
c. $1 for students and $2.50 for members of the public
d. free lor students ol the university, $1 for other students, $2.50 for members
ol the public

48. Who is Peter Daniels?

a. a well-known surrealist painter
b. a lecturer at the college
c. the owner of a local gallery
d. the college's most successful graduate

49. Why might students oI the university be very familiar with Simone Luvia?
a. She attends some lectures there.
b. She used to lecture at the university.
c. She is a lecturer at the university.
d. She owns a local art gallery.

50. What does the speaker mean uunrn f,, ,ryr, ()

a. Ross Kew voted for rive of the winning paintings.
b. Ross Kew painted five of the winning paintings.
c. Ross Kew painted the jive winning paintings.
d. one of Ross Kew's paintings was in the lop ten.

EI
 rammar
51.'Did she get angry at the remark?' 57.'Don't they know how insolvent 63.'I didnt like their singing very much.'
'........... it. She was quite pleased.' he is?' 'Well, they sang.......... they could.'
a Longer from 'They do; ..........., they still do a as much as

b Far from business with him.' b the more that

c Sooner than a moreover c better than
d Rather than b therefore d as well as

c finally
52. 'We'11 have to work overtime d nevertheless 64.'He hasn't heard the news yet.'
this week.' 'Do you think I ........... tell him?'
'Who ........... ?' 58. 'What did he finally do with his car?' a might
a told so 'He sold it........... it was recently b would
b said you bought.' c ought
c said so a in spite of d should
d told that b even though
c in addition 65. There are four cardiologists in town
53. Kevin suggested ........... some d however and he has consulted ........... of them
extra food just in case. a every
a to take 59.'Father looks upset. What's wrong b everyone
b that we will take with him?' c every one
c to be taken 'What else? He can't find his car d anyone
d taking keys again. He ........... them.'
a always loses 66. 'Did you arrive at the theater
54.'Her son is very rude.' b always Iost early, last night?'
'You're right; he has no manners c is always losing 'Oh, yes. We actually got there
d has alwavs lost ........... time.'
a whereyer a just in
b whatsoever 60.'Did all the memben come to batabad
c however the meeting?' c no later
d whatever ' ........... Dr Grey, everybody else d in short
was there.'
55. There are many disadvantages to a Except 67. People think highly ol him ..... doctor.
a life ........... in crowded b Except for afora
surroundings. c Apart for btobe
a spent d Beside casa
b spending d for being
c that spends 61.I had a lot of trouble ........... my car
d is spent this morning. 68.'Did Pete join the navy after all?'
a starting 'No, he decided ........... an army
56. 'Have you found out an).thing b to start career, I thinl<.'
about their secret society?' c beginning a for
'If I do, you will be the first d to begin bon
person............' cto
a to know 62. 'I was never good at Math while dat
b who klows I was at school.'
c who knew 'I wasn't good, ........... .'
d will know a either
b neither
c as well
d too

@
I
G rammar
69. I'm not ........,.. of a cook, but 75. I must be off soon. I only have 81. 'When will you meet again?'
I'll do my best.' an hour or,.......... to get to the 'We've arranged to meet .....
a such airport.' next week.'
b that aso a sometimes
c much b such b sometime
d this c what c one time
d more d a time
70. Mr. Jordan is an avid reader.
He reads any book he comes across 82. The burning of coal has raised
........... it good or bad. 76. 'Were the kids amused by the a lot of problems ...........
a even if clowrs last night?' atmospheric pollution.
b regardless 'For sure. They ........... laughing.' a with respect to
cbe a flever stopped b with regards to
d was b haven't kept c as for
c just started d having regarded
71. 'How are you feeling today?' d only finished
' ........... better.' 83. 'Richard's such a compulsive liar.'
a Sometimes 77. 'Is that Sarah's car?' 'Yes, but he'11 accomplish nothing
b Somewhat 'No, he$ is the ........... .' ........... lying.'
c Something a one red big a but
d Sometime b big one red b with
c big red cfor
72. 'Do you like the elephant I've d big red one dbv
drawn?'
'Your drawing looks ........... 78. ........... ofthe eye-witnesses gave 84. 'Will he eventually be prosecuted?'
an elephant.' an accurate description of the 'Not ........... his old age and poor
a nothing like robbers. health.'
b nothing but a Nearly not a in spite
c anything else b No one b in view of
d nothing as c Hardly some c because
d Almost none d despite of
73. 'Shall I ddve your car?'
'No, I prefer driving the car 79. 'How did he react to the bad news?' 85. The doctor ordered that...........
myself ........... .' 'At first he was ........... a loss for a specialist.
a than havingit ddven words.' a sees
b from having it driven a for b she see
c to have been driven bat c to see her
d to being driven cin d to see
dto
74. 'Are you sure it is the dght job
for you?' 80. My father is very strict. He doesn't
'I am not quite certain........... want ........... home late at night.
I'm suited for it.' a me coming
a whereas b of me coming
b as regards c me to come
c as to what d to come
d as to whether

r
 test 12
ocabulary
86. Close the window. There's a terrible _ coming in. 95. Why don't you your money in a bank?
a. ai a. place
b. currenl b. deposit
c. wind c. deliver
d. draft d. lie

87. I'm sorry to _ you but l'd like to see you about an 96. A diet should be rich in carbohydrates and proteins,
urgenl matter. a. balanced
a. disturb b. strict
b. annoy c. worthy
c. upset d. bad
d. alarm
97. The bedtime stories she told her children were handed
88. Don't drink that waterl lt's _ 10 her by her grandmother.
a. puriried a. down
b. contaminated b. in
c. filtered c. out
d. controlled d. over

89. So far l've heard three different of how 98. The bad news me
the accident occurred. a. cheered
a. versions b. depressed
b. tales c. confused
c. lectures d. obsessed
d. fables
99. The man was obviously guilty although
90. I don't really meeting her, he to be innocent,
a. supp0se a. informed
b. refuse b. exclaimed
c. recall c. claimed
d. remind d. reported

91 That actress is always before a performance. 100. Hunting in this area is during
a. astonished the summer months.
b. bewildered a. hindered
c. edgy b. prevented
d. scary c. prohibited
d. delayed
92. 'Where did you find these old c0ins?' 'l came
them while cleaning out an old cupboard.' 101. Nothing can grow in this area,
a. t0 The soil is
b. against a. lertile
c. up b. inrertile
d. across c. wet
d. soft
93. He was caught for the speed limit and was
subsequently fined. 102. How did you come all this nice furniture?
a. speeding a. off
b. overtaking b. down
c. exceeding c. round
d. overcoming d. bv

94. Some tilms are only jor , not for children 103. Will you please _ it carefully on the shelf?
a. teenaqers a. take
b. expefts b. lie
c. adults c. place

E d. infants d. come
 +
t/rJr:,JhU I,lr'
tu
v u la
104. We're thinking ot having a new heating system 113. Sally didn'1 go t0 school yesterday as she
_ in the near future. came a cold.
a. installed a. up with
b. repaired b. down with
c. adapted c. up against
d. required d. in for

105. He's a hard worker and

a. eager
for success 114. The boss was _ with her for being late once again.
a. cross
b. fond b. lrustrated
c. stingy c. hurt
d. stubborn d. moody
106. The long tight dress _ her from moving 115. He felt weak to the of exhaustion
aboul lreely. a. mark
a. forbid b. step
b. disallowed c. point
c. hampered d. limit
d. banned
116. He didn't seem to be _ for my help
107. He decided to _ of cottege a. grateful
a. drop in b. appreciated
b. drop off c. delighted
c. drop out d. pleased
d. drop from
117. Advertisements l0r cigarettes sh0uld be
108. The road was
by lallen trees. a. prevented
a. obstructed b. banned
b. enforced c. hampered
c. obliged d. hindered
d. prevented
118. He that he had anything to do with the case
109. She was _ to see that she was being followed a. convinced
a. disconcerted b. told
b. depressed c. relused
c. confused d. denied
d. disappointed
119. Fightjng ignorance and prejudice is a good
110. Please hand _ your books at the end of the lesson to work for.
a. down a. task
b. out b. cause
c. in c. duty
d. on d. reason

111. Janet took a seat whjle her husband standing 120. 'Don't come _ him so hard; he's only a chjld.
a. remained a. against
b. stayed b. down on
c. insisted c. out on
d. stopped d. up

112. The children are always _ me when lwork at home

a. banning
b. preventing
c. forbidding
d. hindering

r
 a
1

This passage is about thG Greek American community ln the USA.

Greek Americans
121. How many Greek-Americans spoke their native
According to language at home according to the 2000 Census?
t'
the 2000 U.S. a.3,000,000
Census ,l b.365,435
Report, there

;:
c. 1,153,295

ffil
were ,
i
a.
r"-
,$; - ;s-#tl d. 70,000
1 ,1s3,295
people of
122. When was the first large Greek community in the
Greek heritage
United States established?
living in the
a. 1850s
United States
that year and 365,435 Americans spoke Creek at b. 1866

home. According to the State Department in 2005, an c. 1890s

estimated 3,000,000 residents in the United States d.1924
claim Greek descent. Greek Americans have a heavy
concentration in Chicago, Detroit, Boston, Cleveland, 123. What year was the fimt Greek Orthodox church
and New York City. Tarpon Springs, Florida is also established in the United States?
home to a large Greek American community. a, 1866
b. 1850
The first significant Greek community to develop was c. 1890
in the South, in New Orleans, Louisiana, during the
d. t917
1850s. By 1866, the community was numerous and
prosperous enough to have a Greek consulate and the
124. What was the Greek population in the U.S. in 1890?
first Creek orthodox Church in the United States.
a.70,000
During that period, most Greek immigrants to the New
b.450,000
World came from Asia Minor, and those Aegean
Islands still under Ottoman rule. By 1890, there were c. 15,000

almost 1 5,000 Creeks living in the U.S. d.3,000,000

lmmigration picked up in the 1890s, mostly because of 125. Where in the U.S. were most Greeks working
the economic opportunity in the U.S., the displace- dudng the late 1800s and early 1900s?
ment caused by the hardships of Ottoman rule, the a. West & South
Balkan Wars and World War l. 450,000 Greeks arrived b. West & Northeast
in the States between 1890 and 1917, mosl working in c. South
the cities of the Northeast and smaller numbers hired d. West
as labor for the railroads and mines of the Western
United States; another 70,000 arrived between 1918
and 1924.

258
re;dinq ffi .?e.rs"s H'
.$.
jr:

R eadin a
This passage is about the building of One World Trade Center.

126. What do we learn in Paragraph 1?

After the attack a. One World Trade Center was destroyed in 2001.
on the Twin Towers b. The height of One World Trade Center was
on September I lth, designed to match a significant year in history.
2001 , much of the r. The building of One World Trade Center is a way
site of the original for America to show its independence.
World Trade Center
d. One World Trade Center will be the world's tallest
was destroyed. After
building.
a lot of discussion
about what should
127. Which of the lollowing statements is true?
be done with the site , it was ec ed that a 1o4-storey-tall
a. Freedom Tower witl be built just south of
skyscraper should be built in the northwest corner. This sky-
scraper (One World Trade Center), once constructed, would One World Trade Center.
become the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere, with b. Inside One World Trade Center will be
its spire reachint I,776feet, symbolic of the year America a memorial and a museum-
declared its independence from Great Britain. c. One World Trade Center was known by a different
Freedom Tower, as it was nicknamed locally, would be a name to people who lived near the site.
tribute to those who died in the Trade Center attack. fu part tl. One World Trade Center will open on September
of the construction proiect, a memorial and museum would 11th to honor the victims of the 2001 disaster.
be built just south of the One World Trade Center site, to
honor the victims of September I lth. 128. When did work at the site properly begin?
The building of One World Trade Center officially began on
a, July 2004
July 4, 2004, when a special ceremony was held to lay the b. 2006
cornerstone. However, work on the project was delayed for
c. the end of 2007
nearly another ovo years because of disputes over the design
d. January 2008
of the building, how much it would cost and worries over
security. Work on laying the foundations {lnally started in 2006
129. Which of the following statements is true?
and was nearly completed by the end of the following year,
allowing construction of the skyscraper itself to start in a. The building had reached its highest point

January 2008. in the summer of 2010.

The base of the building was finished in early 2010, after b. By the 1st of January 2011 about half of
which work on the office floors began. This also entailed the the building had been constructed.
installation of the first sets of glass windows. By May 2010, the c. From 2006 until 2010. one floor of One World
Port Authority reckoned building work was going ahead at a Trade Center was built every week.
pace of one floor per week. By the end of the year, the tower d. The foundation for the building was finished
had reached the half-way point in its construction. in early 2010.
After the main structure was completed all that remained to be
done was to haye the 408-foot radio antenna (or spire) insalled.
130. What is the main purpose of this passage?
a. to discuss the methods used to build One World
Trade Center
b. to explain why One World Trade Center is being
built
c. to provide some information about the building of
and background to One World Trade Center
d, to describe the steps involved in building
One World Trade Center

E
 € Part 3
Dearroitor, The high price of visiting Austria
I -.-&.-i
lwish to respond to an article
published in your newspaper yes- Okay folks, I had hoped to write about the scenery, architecture, atmos-
terday. This article was about how phere, attractions and so on, but so vexed is this reporter at how empty his
expensive it is to travel around pockets were left by a recent tr p to Austria that I have decided to base
Austria on holiday. I my whole account on the issues had with pricing.

Now, I wonder, what planet does I -

flew into Salzburg by budget carr er about the only cheap part of the
the writer live on - or what Austria did he visit? holday - and when I arrived, I was in good spirits and looking forward to an
excelent week's stay. Hungry, the three friends who were accompanying me
I have been to Austria no less than five times and I on the trip and ldeclded t0 stop for a bite t0 eat at T Restaurant on
have always found it to be good value for money. Waagplatz. 'Traditional Austrian Fare,'the sign outside read, so it sounded
Take Salzburg, {or example; a beautiful city on the good. Well, if only ... we left an hour later with pains in our stomachs and
banks of the Salzach river, surrounded by alpine holes in our pockets - the food was awfu and we ended up paying about
mountains. You'd expect to pay a lot of money to 5600 for the meal, which -
works out at around 5150 per person yuk, yuk..
stay in such a beautiful place, and yet I paid only
€80 a night for a double-room in a four-star hotel. And t was the same story wherever we went; we were charged huge tolls
on mountain roads, we had to pay to use the motorway, all the restaurants
Do you know how much it costs to stay in fourstar we ate at were overpriced and underwhelming; iust a nightmare really...
accommodation here in the States? About $200, our hotel, the l\,4agdelena, which was not even a proper hotel but a two-star
which is roughly twice the price. guesthouse, charged $180 per night - and that didn't even include breakfast,
for which we had to go to the trouble of paying another S20 to find out it
But that's not just an isolated example; just about
was awful.
everything from taxis to theater tickets is cheaper.
Your travel writer needs to do his research! So would I recommend Austria as a summer holiday destination? Not on
Yours, your life,

A reader out to set the record straight.

Salzburg

tr Opening Times:
Eisriesenwelt - The lce Caves Getting there:
Salzburg is wellconnected by road
to both the Austnan capital, Vienna,
From May to October, the caves open at 9 a.m. and the last and the German city of lMunich.
guided tour begins at 3:30 p.m. For June, July and August, the Use of the Austrian motorways will
last tour begins one hour later. Tours of the caves typically last incur a charge.
75 minutes, but allow two to three hours in total to 8et there For this you should purchase a 'vignette' (motorway ticket).
and back from the car park. The minimum number of days you can pay for is 10, rislng
all the way up to as much as one year if you prefer.0n the
What to wear: German side, there are no road to ls to pay.
It is highly recommended to wear layers of warm clothing and
good walking shoes. The temperature is normally below freezing It is advisable to carry snow-chains in the winter months;
inside the cave, even during summer when the temperature out- they are required by law anyway.
side as you make your way up from the car Park is in the mid-20s.
By plane, direct flights to Salzburg lnternati0nal are available
Fitness requirements: from most countr es, but where not, the main airport in
The tour of the caves is quite physically demanding, entailing a Austria is Vienna, and you are bound to get a direct flight
climb of 134 meters up a series of metal stairways. There is also there. That said, consider flying to lvlunich if you can instead
the walk from the cable car to the cave entrance to be taken as it is actually much c oser to Salzburg and there are no
into consideration; this is about 20 minutes one-way. We strongly border controls to pass through as you leave Germany, so
advise visitors to take the cable car up the mountain. This will the short drive is pretty uneventful.
save you a hike of approximately one hour uP a steeP, rocky Path.
Several private bus operat0rs oJfer inter-city door-to-door
Photography: services, which will drop you off outside y0ur hotel, between
Photography is forbidden because, in the interests of safety, we all of Austria's major cities.
cannot have people stopping to take or pose for photographs
inside the caves. Getting around:
There is a network of local buses servicing the city, but
Getting here: Salzburg is quite easy to navigate on foot, and, provided the
The park is iust 40 km south of the city of Salzburg, and can be weather is good, this is a far more pleasant option. Another
accessed via the Tauern motorway. Drivers should be aware good a ternative is to rent a bike. Salzburg has over 100 km
that, when they turn of{ the motorway, to reach Eisriesenwelt of specially prepared bike paths for riders to use, making
they must go up a S-kmJong mountain road with a steep incline for a safer journey than n most cites which are far less
The road is serviced by local buses for those not comfortable cyclejriendly. l\4ost oJ the time, this is the fastest way
driving up themselves. around the city as well, as you can avoid the congestion on
the roads.
260
rE,l dinr:
R eadin a

Questions I31 refers to section A. 136. What do we learn about the hotel they stayed in?
131. What does the writer say about his accommodation? a, They were forced to pay an extra $20 after getting into
a. It was twice the price you would expect to pay in some trouble there.
America. b. The hotel did not serve breakJast or lunch.
b. He was not surpdsed to have to pay a lot of money for c. The food served for breakfast was not of a very high
his hotel. quality.
c. It was a room for two people in a high-end hotel. d. The hotel was not a proper guesthouse at all.
d. In dollars the cost worked out at about $200.

Question 137-138 refer to section D.

Questions 132-134 refer to section B. 137. What do we learn about driving to Salzburg?
132. What do we leam in the 1st paragraph about opening times? a, The German motolways are free to drive on.
a. The tour of the caves takes between two b, Conditions on the roads can become dangerous at
and three hours. certain times of year due to hea\,y snow.
b, A tour of the cave starts every hour during c. D ving on Austrian motolways should only be
opening times. done with a valid 'vignette'.
c. It takes between two and three hours to set to the d. A11 of the above.
cave from the car park.
d, There are ertra tours during the summer season. 138. What does the writer say about flights?
a,If you cannot fly direct to Salzburg, Munich airport is
133. What advice is given in the paragraph about fitness the next-best choice.
requirements? b, There are no secudty controls on flights bgtween
a. Avoid the 2o-minute walk to the caves by taking the Germany and Austria.
cable car. c. It is best to fly in to Vienna if planning to travel to
b. Be careful because a series of wooden stairways Salzburg from abroad.
climbing 143 meters up leads to the caves. d. It is typically very difficult to get a direct flight to
c. The altemative to using the cable car should be avoided. Salzburg.
d. Save your energy for the hike up the steep, roclf, path

Questions 139.140 refer to two or more sections.

134. What does the final paragraph imply about getting to 139. Which sections discuss the cost associated with using roads
the caves by road? in Austria?
a. You can only travel the final 5 km by local bus. a.AandB
b. The road leading to the caves is steep and difficult to b.A"BandD
ddve on, c.B.CandD
c. It is possible to take the motorway all the way to the d.CandD
site of the caves,
d. Drivers should be wary of the last turn they must 140. What is probably true about traveling to Salzburg?
take, which is quite dangerous. a. It is possible to get cheap flights there from America.
b. It is oot often possible to fly directly to Salzburg.
Questions 135-136 refer to section C. c. Many of the roads leading into the city are not kept in
135. What does the writer say about her meal? good condition.
a. She and her friends were each charged $600. d. Road users arc unlikely to have to pay tolls.
b. The traditional Austrian food served at the restauranr
was very tasty.
c. The food that she and her friends ate caused them to
feel unwell.
d. She and her friends were able to get a $150 discount
on the cost of their food.

@
 rt
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Sa la ry: to pay in nstalments, that's also fine. Let's slt down and work out a pay-
Salary is commensurate with experience (while -
ment plan you can hafd e we do weekly, month y, sem -annual and annual
experience isn't a requirement of the role, we do instalment plans (interest rate is 1070 per annum and an upfront deposit pay-
recognize and reward it). In Year L, you will earn a ment of 5200 is reqlrired to secure our servlces).
basic of 525,000-545,000 and up to an addltional lnterested? Then call Lrs now on 1800 FIVE DESIGN for an instant quote. You
510,000 in overtime and commission depending on won't regret itl
your work ethic and performance. ln Year 2, your
basic salary (if you are made a full-time employee
at the end of the 12-month trial or probationary
period - not everyone will be kept on by the compa
after the first 12 months) will rise by a minimum of
Ss,ooo. FIVE DESIGN REPORTS DRAMATIC
INCREASE IN EARNINGS

til
From: Five Design
Five Design has just released its latest set of company accounts. lt posted a
gross profit of S15 million for 2A12, as opposed to 511.5 in the previous 12
months. l\,4ore impressive still is the net profit figure, which has risen by over
To: l\4aryoakley<[email protected]> 50% to 55 million from 53 million in 2011. The company puts this rise ln net
profit down to the fact that it has been able to cut costs by moving its
Dear IVls Oakley, head office out of New York, where rents and rates are high, to New Jersey,
where they are considerably lower.
Further to the recent launch oi your new webslte, I
Shares n the company rose in value immediately on market opening this
would like to thank yo! again for choosing Five Design
morning, At one point during the day, the company's share price had risen to
as your oesign partner on rhis project,
55, tholeh it did fall back n afternoon trading to 54.85, before gaining again
until the close of business to finish on 54.92. Compared with yesterday's
As we are committed to customer satisfaction, I am
closing price of 54.32, that's nearly a 74% rise in share value in the space of
writing to invite your feedback on the experience of
just one day,
workine with the Five Design team.
There has also been some talk of the company buying riva D-Zein, D-Zein is
Were you satisfred with the service our design team
valued at 51 per share or 5100 million in total. lvlanagement at D"Zein are
provided you with and the end product they produced?
not agreeable to a takeover however, and this could cause problems for Five
Do you think your money was weil spent? Are there
Design if it decides to make an offer to buy the company. D-Zein managing
any lssues that gave you cause for concern? Please do
director Paul lvlallon is quoted as saying,'We will resist all attempts to buy
take a few moments to fill out our on ine customer
the company; D"Zein is not for sale at any price.'
satisfaction survey by clicking on this link satisfactsur-
vey.f ivedesign.com/customers

Sincerely,

The Five Design Customer Service Team

262
rE,lrJ in
R eadin a

Questions 141-142 refer to section A. 146. Which of the following is true about the payment
141. Which of the following is a requirement for people who options?
apply for the job? a. A minimum payment of $200 must be paid before
a, some experience in a similar position the project can start.
b. a considerable knowledge of information technology b. If payment is made all in one go after the project is
c. the ability to deal with the pressure of having to completed, a 25% discount will apply.
achieve results c, As a reward for their business. all new customers will
d, good moral and ethical values get a 25Vo discount on how much they have to pay.
d. 10% of the total amount owed to Five Desisn must
142. What do )ve learn in the section entitled 'Salary'? be paid in advance.
a, Those with experience in a similar role can earn up to
an additional $10,000. Questions 147-149 refer to section D,
b. The basic salary is $25,000 and can rise to $45,000 147. What does the first paragraph say about the
depending on performance. company's profits?
c. The trial period for new employees lasts ofle year in a. it has made a gross profit of $11.5 million in the last
total. 12 months
d. After one year, all new employees will receive b. gross profits rose by over 507a in the latest set of
a minimum raise of $5,000. accounts
c. the company made $11.5 million more gross profit
Question 143 refers to section B. in 2012 than in 2011
143. What is the main purpose of this email? d. the net profit of the company has risen by
a, to advise a customer that a new website has now $2 million in 2012
launched
b, to invite someone to work as part of the 148. What happened to the company's share price after the
Five Design team company accounts were released?
c. to find out iI a customer is satisfied with the services a. It finished for the day 147, higher than the preyious one.
of Five Design b. It fell in one day ftom $5 to 34.32.
d. to thank someone for their work on c. It rose by $5 dudng the day.
a Five Design project d. It rose in the morning and fell for the rest of the day.

Questions 144.146 refer to section C. 149. What can be implied about D-Zein?
144 What do we Ieam about Five Design's customers? a, It is trying to take over Five Desigu.
a. Most of them are large companies that operate b. The managing director Paul Mallon decided against
nationally. buying Five Design.
b. There are only a small number of start-up businesses c. The people in charge of the company do not want
among Five Design's customers. to sell it to Five Design.
c. Five Design does not have many customers which d. The rivalry with D-Zein is causing problems for
are large global organizations. Five Design.
d, Over 12,000 small start-up businesses are customers
of Five Design. Question 150 refers to sections A, B, C and D.
150. Which section would you choose to include in a
145. What can new customen expect as part of the Five magazine's jobs advertisement page?
Design service? a.c
a. The project manager and support team will work b.A
only on their project and no other. c.B
b. A support team will train them in all the skills needed d.D
to make their online company a success.
c, The project manager will not work on any other
projects until thei$ is completed.
d. They can pick the project manager they want to run
the project themselyes.

E
 t t ng
Read the following short letter from the advice column of a local newspaper.
Then, do either task A or task B, For task A you will write a letter. For task B you will write an essay. Do only ONE
of these tasks, Your writing will be graded on how fluently and clearly you can express your ideas in English.

\ You will have 30 minutes to

write your letter or essay.
E
q You may make an outline or In
notes in your test booklet if you
wish, but your out ine will not
colrnt toward your score. iI
\ You wi I not be graded on the

news
appearance of yolr paper, but
your handwritrng must be read-
able. You may change or correct
your wflting, but you sholld not
recopy the whole essay.
\ Use your own words as much The Los Angeles Post
as possible. Do not copy a lot
class president and plays on the basket-
from the artic e given below. Advice Column ball team. Her friends and teamfiates
Need Advice? Wtite lo Ann. always come over and visiL
She will onswer your lelterc in
I sometimes feel that my parents want
me to be like my sister, even though I
her odvice column. get the top grades in all of my classes
Deor Ann, and h6re won setteral academic
I am 16 years old and my sistet is owards. This, han'rever, does not seem a
17. lm very shy and have o hard to affect my parents.
time making friends. W sister, on No matter what I do they always end
the other hand, is very sociable up comparing me to my sister. F

and has a lot of friends. she is How do I get their attentiofi?

very popular in school. she is 'Feeling lgnorefr

A J*e.lites^
Ann has asked her readers to write, giving suggestions and advice
Write a letter to "Feeling Ignored".
Give him/her your suggestions and advice.

B €ssay
Not every person is alike. Most people have very different talents.

What do you think is more important, having a lot of friends and being popular
or getting top grades in school, or do both have worth?
Discuss your opinion, giving specific examples.

@
 *

Itt'rtrtll' '1
I t
W rl t lng
: POINTS THAT CAN BE INCLUDED: :

:
Task A: ModetLeuer
.l I he vorrrselt Dea. Feeling J s^ot ed/
iD don't comoare vourselI with others A l"+ "f p."pl. h.". +h. .a,.e .. a si6ila.
D concentrate on your achievements problem +o you, Don'+ \ror.y +here qre Dlany
:
+hl"9s y"", can do +o ihlp.ove yoa. si+qalioh,
iD t"lk to vour Darents/sister
. LJ rnvrte a tnend home Firs+ of .lll, i+'s irxporla'1r rha+ yoa s+op look-
: i^9 a+ +he heg.llive aspec+s y"". lif. ."d
: D so out with vour sister "f
.+."+ +" f.c"= m.". rh. p.si+i". rhr"9=, y""
iD a problem shared is a problem halved ""
.,.. ve"y l"cky r. L,e ah academic pe/so^. Mahy
i0 is an individual
people have .1 l.r .f r"."61. copi,rg wi+h +hei,,
"u.*on"
!D people have both strengths and weaknesses
iD fo.ur on vour strensths 'ch..I""."k. €ven ;f your par.enrs don'+ shor.v i+,
rhey ","s, be vety p,a"d
"f y". {"" ,"r"^r"9
i D work on weaknesses
ii one or two good friends better than lots of acquaintances Jr ,nighi l,e. 9..d rd.. +" +alk r. y.ar sis-
i O be proud of who you are rer anJ yoar pareh+s .l6oar h.w y.,, f."1, Th.y
p".bal,ly d""1 ,.ealrze +ha+ yo4 .tr.e 4pse+. As
yoar sis+er i..o.".ial,le, '"hy d.,.'r yoh ask her
Usef ul 'tf y"" .a"
so orr wilh h." al1d h". fri."ds
feel left out ,/ neglected
sorrerimes, -tha+ rvay, yo., rvon'r 1,..1."" if y."
Vocabularg live up to sb's expectations
f".l .hy. Re',.e,"t,e" +h.r a p..1,1.,. shared is a
self-conscious, timid (shy), be your own person
protle,,1 halved. 8.1,,^""."d sh.r. y""', I eel-
lack of self-confidence, be assertive (say and do
join in with things / take what you want to), positive
r"9'
'"ilh y.". f.-rly
Bes+ -tsh.s,
part

Task B: ModetEssay
ane af the
ey,ciLin4 arA )nle.eglinq lhinqg 2bouL
?ea?le i.
Lhat rc lvlo peo?)e are Lhe eane. We a)
have a)'ifercnl charactera aAA d)ffercnL .tuenqLh1
anA weakneq,qeq.
There are very few VeoVle in the wor)d who are
Writing Tips
I qaod al everwhrq, Some people ate very La enlea
acaAefiica y, while oLherc fiay be qoo+ al afi. When you answer the writing
fiuoc ar g?o.1. Na fialter vrhaL a o?ecial question it is important that you
?erean'.
ekl)l or qfl nay be, I Lh)rk Lhe rnoet )nport ant q)fl really clo answer the question. In
e lo be ab e La qeL an wLh oLhet ?eo?le. other worcls, check that what you
the ioeenoL fiean howevet. lhal a pergan are writing is relevant and that you
neeas La have ol9 of fr erag, Aa lar aa 'n con- give all the information that is
cerrea, fi g f tyare ifi?orLanl Lo have a lew being askecl of you. There is no
1ood fr ende Lhat you can 1ru91, lhan Io k.r1aw laLo point writing a goocl composirion on
of ?eo?1e vlho aren'l very c)o1e lo yau. the wrong subject. Be careful also
An the olher hanA, everyone elould do Lhe)r besl
to use the right style for the ques-
lo aa lhinqa ae vtel ae they can ana lo vtork hard
la fulUll Lhei. ?olenLid. A qooi exafi?le of tha ie
tlon. Tal(e care over punctuation and
i4 eporL. NoL evetyone car be a {eaL atdeLe bul spelling ancl use paragraphs to
everyone can take pai, ana \latk a6 parL of a lean. organize your essay.
Ia eum u?, I believe Nhat we ohodd l:ry lo enioy Lastly, write as neatly as you can. If
eve|y aapect of ov llf e ana lo acL in a naLL)ral ar)d the examiner can't reacl your writ-
hone.L \\tay. 3y aairu Lhio, ?ea?le will rcopecL re ing, you may fail.
for vtho we are.

r
 riting
Read the following letter to Suzy's newspaper advice column. Then, do either task A or task B. For task A
you will write a letter. For task B you will write an essay. Do only ONE of these tasks. Your writing will be graded
on how fluently and clearly you can express your ideas in English.

The Ponrsmourh Hrnnld Advice Column

Need ndvice? Wnire ro Suzy nnd she wi[[ ANswERl
Deor Suzy
This summer my fomily is renting o house on lhe beoch. I om excited to go, but I don'i wont to leove my
friends for lhree whole months. At the beginning of August it is my birthdoy ond I reolly wonted to hove q
nice porty with my close friends, bui if l'm ot the house on the beoch I won't be oble tol I hoven't soid
onything to my porents becouse I know they would be disoppointed if they thought I didn't wont to go
with them. I don't know whot to do becouse I think it is reosonoble to wont to be home for ot leost some
of the summer. Whot should ldo?

Sincerely, "Summer Problems"

A. Letter Paragraphs Points (letter)

Suzy has asked her readers to write in and help lntroduction:
give advice. You decide to do this. Make sure to Paragraph I

give reasons for the course of action you think -Make a general statement about
"Summer Problems" should take. what you think "Summer Problems"
An introduction thot
should do.
indicotes topic ond
position.

Main Bodv -Discuss" Summer Problems" issues

Paragraph 2 (&3) and give possible solutions. Try
explaining what you'd do in the same
Moin points ond orgument, situation.

-Conclude with a statement summing

Conclusion
up the actions you feel "Summer
Last Paragraph
Problems" should take.

B. Essay Paragraphs Points (essay)

How do you balance your relationships with lntroduction:
friends and family? Do you have certain times Paragraph I -Make a general statement
you always spend with your family and certain about how you, personally, bal-
times only with friends? Explain how you thinl< An introduction thot indicotes ance your home and social lives
people should balance their home and social topic ond position.
lives and why that balance is important.
-Explain how you think people
Main Body should balance their relation-
Paragraph 2 (&3) ships with friends and family.
Give example. Make sure to
Moin points ond argument, answer all the questions the
essay instructions ask for.

l-Conclude
with a statement
Conclusion
Last Paragraph
lsumming up your feelings about
llanguage and culture.

E
 peaking
CHOOSING THE RIGHT FORM OF EXERCISE

Stage I
o Are you playing any sport?
Why? Why not? *
. Have you ever competed in a sporting event at
How did you feel and what happened?
o How do you feel if you lose a game?
school?

trffilr*&
o What is your favorite hobbyT Why?
. Do you like indoor or outdoor sports? Why?
Stage 2
Situation: You|friend, George, wants to start exercising but needs to
choose what kind of exercise to do and wants your help choosing.

First: You should look at the pictures beJow and ask:

. What are the options?
. What is the advantage to each option?
. What is the disadvantage to each option?

Stage 3
Then: When you have all the information you need, explain what you've
decided. Be ready to explain your choice. Remember to use inlormati0n
you learned from asking questions to explain your final choice.

Stage 4
tfl
Finally, after you have shared your decision, you will -a ^

be asked more questions about the topic.

fYr a all.'3 lfl.. .rs:l

W
 test
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264
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 test 13
istening Dort I
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 ,

Dort ? I a

ln this port of fhe test, you will heor four short tolks. After eoch tolk, you will heor some questions obout it.
Bofore eoch tolk begins, you wlll hove limo to preview the questions thot ore print€d in the test booklet,

. Reod the queslions silenlly.

o Then listen to the tolk. You con toke notes in the booklet.
. Then list€n to eoch queslion ond choose lhe best onswer from the onswer choices.
. Mork your dnsw€rs on the seporole onswer sheel. you should mork A, B, C, or D,
There ore o totol of 20 questions oboul the four short tolks.

Questions 3I-36
Look ot the queslions. Then listsn lo o member of thE stoff in the
Archilecture Foculty moke on onnouncsment. NOTES
31. What does the speaker say about the architecture of Boston?
a. Boston has some fine examples of styles from the past.
b. Iuost ol it dates lrom Victorian times.
c. Boston is full of modern buildings, many of them made of glass.
d. The city is known for the innovative and modern designs of ils bujldin0s.

32. ln which pafi of America are you likely to find the taltest buildings,
according to the speaker?
a. Las Vegas
b. Boston
c. New York
d. none of the above

33. For how long has the field{rip program ot the Architecture Faculty been running?
a. this is the first time it is being run
b. 10 years
c. several decades
d. since just over a decade ago

34. What will the students do on their visit to Dubai that few people get the chance to?
a. go to the top of the world's tallest building
b. meet the architect who designed lhe world's tallest buildin0
c. g0 inside the world's tallest building
d. visit the site of the world's largest land-reclamation project

35. What is special about the building site the students will visit?
a. lt has been under water for 10 years.
b. lt is the largest building project ever.
c. The w0rld's tallest building will be constructed on it.
d. When compieted it will be a series of man-made islands.

36. What does the speaker mean when she says:

a. Dubai is committed to modern and challenging building projects.
b. Dubai has the most wonderful architecture in the world.
c. The creation of Dubai was an engineering and architectural achievement.
d. Visiting Dubai js like visiting another planet,

w
 test 1 3
istening Dort 2
Questions 37-41 Questions 42-46
Look ot the questions. Then listen to on onnouncement. Look ot the questions. ThEn listen to o lecture lhol
is porl of o module cdlled 2oth century Cinemo.
37. What happens at 3 p.m. on Friday?
a. The try-outs begin. 42. Which of the lollowing statements is true?
h.T he coach will meet the players at the stadium entrance a. Star Wars has made more than the Harry Potter and
c.T he coach will brief the players about what will happen. James Bonds series.
d.T he try-outs are expected 10 jinish. b. The last film was releassd nearly 2 decades after the first.
c. Star Wars is the highest-grossing film series of all lime.
38. What does the speaker say about the positions players d. Star Wars has generated nearly four and a half billion
will gel to play in? dollars since its release.
a. Everyone will have a chance in their preferred position,
1,. The coach may want to try players out in new positions. 43. What did the success of the films NoT result in?
c. only 10 people are allowed to try out as centerforwards. a.lhe production of branded toys
d. The coach will try to have as many players as possible b, the making of branded clothing
play in their favorite position. c.lhe writing of different types o,f Star Wars related books
d. a re-release of the firsl film 30 years laler
39. Which posilion is probably the most popular based on what the
speaker says? 44. What does the speaker say about Mark Hamill?
a. center forward a. He was a well-known actor belore Star Wars.
b. right- or left-wing b. He became a very successlul and wellrespected actor
c. wing back because oJ Star Wars.
d. attacking midlielder c. His role earned him fame but not critical praise.
d. He predicted the success ol the Star Wars movie series
40. What does the speaker warn players about? in the beginning.
a. how hard it is lo get into any of the college's footballteams
b. how high the standard of play is in the A team 45. What was different about lhe three newer Star Wars movies?
c. thal lhe league they play in is semi-professional a. They {eatured a number oI big-name stars.
d. how disappoinled the coach will be if they don't make the team b. They developed a large ian base.
c. lvlore Iuturistic graphics were used.
41. What does the speaker say about the first try-outs taking place d. The storylines were more grown-up.
on Friday?
a. Players will be playing for places in all four of the college teams. 46. What does the speaker mean wnen sne says: ( )
b. These try-outs are only for places on the A team. a. Star Wars did not appealto all generations. -
c. Not everyone who wants to play on a team will gett0. b. The Star Wars story leatures characters of different ages,
d. The A team try-outs will take place on a luture date. old and young.
c, Star Wars was a film series that people ol ditferenl
ages enjoyed.
d. Star Wars appeals more to the younger generation.

NOTES

NOTES

274
li:;ten inE
Dort 2 a

Questions 47-5O
Look ot the questions. Then lislen to o lecturer giving a tolk obout
o phologrophy course. NOTES
47. Which ol the jollowing statemenls is true?
a. This is a course students have to do.
b. The students are stating back on the course after a break.
c. The lecturer is seeing the students for the first time.
d. The students are expected to have previous experience in photography.

48. What does the speaker say about the Canon E0S-1 camera?
a. Students will be supplied with their own E0S-1s to keep.
b. Students must go out and purchase this model.
c. Each student will have an E0S-1 to use for coursework and projects.
d. Students will have the use ol an E0S-1 in class and on officialtrips.

49. Why does the speaker recommend a mid-range camera?

a. Entry-level ones are not very good.
b. Entry-level ones are not much cheaper.
c. Entry-level ones have lewer lens choices.
d. Entry-level ones tend to have a problem with their lens.

50. What does the speaker mean *nrn f,, ,ryr, {)

a. Prolessional photographers buy high-end cameras as the quality
of equipment is much better.
b. ll you are serious about getting good at photography you need a high-end camera.
c. Prolessionals sometimes take photography too seriously.
d. Professional photographers buy expensive cameras majnly to make a good impression.

w
 ..XaE-

rammar
51. What we need to keep us going 57. I hear Chris rvants to go abroad 63. ........... the participants, Miss
............ financial funds. but his mother ........... . California is the most beautiful.
i) 1s a doesn't to a Of all
b are b doesn't want b By all
,' was c doesn't want him c From all
{! were d doesn't want him to d All but one

52. 'He is in difficult situation, now.'

a 58. If you........... sit in the draft, 64. Susan's parents will never
'Yes, he's just ........... the gravity you're bound to catch a cold consent ........ that fortune-hunter
of the situation.' a will a her to marry
a begins to realize b must b to her marrying
b beginning realizing c call c to marrying
c beginning to realize d insist d to marry
d begun to realizing
59.'Why is your father so late?'
65. Deserts experience extremes of
53. 'Is the whisky enough to go 'I don't know ........... be.'
temperature. It is really hot in
round?' a what can the reason the day, but ............. it is very
'I'm afraid we have ........ enough. h the reason can be cold at night.
a nearly c the reason a on the contrary
b almost d what the reason can b in contrast
c hardly c whereas
d never 60. 'I think we should go home now.' d unlike
'........... that?'
54. 'Did she give you all the books a Is it very late for 66. 'When will you finish painting
I asked her to?' b Is it too Iate so the wall?'
'Yes, but there's ........... .' c Is it as late as 'I will have finished it ...........
a a too many d Is it late enough so this aftemoon.'
b one too many a since
c too many one 61. ........... home made my mother b for
feel relared.
d too one many cuntil
a My retuming
dbv
b By returning
55. The book you lent me was ..
c Return 67. 'Do you think the exam is
intriguing and easy to read.
d Returned
a for instance difficult?'
h for once 'Undoubtedly, but ........... i'11 still
62. 'What's happened to her?'
c once in a while sit for it.'
'Coming back from work, ...-. a all the same
d at once
down by a car.'
b although
a a car knocked her
56. 'He ate four kilos of lamb chops c however
h she knocked
at the party.' d no matter
c she was being knocked
'Did he really eat ...........?'
d she was knocked
a very much 68. what my kids enjoy mosl ...........
b too much water sports and swimming.
c that much a ate
d much so bis
c about
d themselves

@
 *
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GIEIIIITIEE
69. 'Do you still remember her?' 75. We traveled there last month 81. 'Would you care for a coffee?'
'I'll never forget the day........... .......... my father's car. 'I don't feel ........... having one
we first met.' aby right now.'
a when b with aas
b how cin b like
c which d along c as to
d where d the mood
76. 'Are you sure he's a good doctor?'
70. He's a very
stdct teacher who 'Yes, .....,....., he is .' 82. 'What if I told everyone what
comes down on his \ludenls ver\ a as far as I know I thought of them?'
b for my knowledge '.........,. that, conversation would
a severlty c who really knows
be impossible.'
b severe d to my knowledge a Were you to do
c severely b Should you to do
d severally 77. 'Have you called a doctor yet?' c Did you have to do
'Yes. he has been sent .......-... d Did you need to do
71. 'Would you like to eat now?' already.'
'I'm stawing and dinner sure ain E3. I tried to talk to her, but
........... good ., bup she ........... lister.
a smelly c for a wouldn't
b smelling don b shouldn't
c smells c hadn't
d smell 78. 'He packed a coat for a holiday d needn't
in Eg1pt.'
72. ..........., they must put their best 'It isn't ........... for that, is it?' 84. 'Did you enjoy the concert?'
foot foNard if they want to pass a too cold 'It was ........... good as any I had
the exam. b so cold seen before.'
a Needless to say c very cold
ano
b We need to say d cold enough b very
c There's no point to say cas
d It's no use saying 79, 'What was he doing?' d much
'I found him busy....... the silver.'
73. 'Jack is going parachuting.' a polishing 85. Claire doesn't believe ...........
'I can't imagine ........... anything b to polish letting children have their way
more terdB/ing.' c polished ato
atodo d having polished bat
b doing c for
c to have done din
d to be doing 80. 'The boys are still playing around
the house.'
74. He's one of the stupidest men '......... them get ready for school.'
........... I've ever met. a Put
a which b Tell
b whose c Get
c who d Have
d that

w
 test 1 3
\v ocabulary
86. lt was no accident: they did it 95. He was arrested for a criminal offense
a. accordingly a. suffering
b. accidentally b. breaking
c. exceptionally c. damaging
d, deliberately d. committing

87. He is always complaints to himself under his brealh 96. This Picasso is a(n) ; it's not genuine,
a. muttering a" adificial
b. shouting b. perjury
c. screaming c. forgery
d. groaning d. false
88. You shouldn't allow this unfortunate to destroy 97. He was told that he had to medical treatment,
such a longlasting friendship. a. undeftake
a. happening b. undergo
b. incident c. underlie
c. case d. understand
d. chance
98. He always other people when things
89. What a to hear that everybody was safe g0 wrong,
and sound. a. blames
a. relief b. accuses
b. horror c. condemns
c. sigh d. questions
d. fun
99. ll lwere you, I wouldn't miss out
90. The _ of living has once again risen sharply this year on this great job _ .

a. value a. chance
b. cost b. occasion
c. worlh c. situation
d. expense d. opportunity

91. She kept the fact that she was married 100. After the operation he was in
a. back a. ache
b. down b. huft
c. away c. pain
d. in d. iniury

92. After a long pursuit the police managed to 101. He made a foftune diamonds from
_ the dangerous criminal. Soulh Africa.
a. defend a. poaching
b. offend b. smuggling
c. comprehend c. mugging
d. apprehend d. forging

93. The climbers were caught in a _ and couldn't make 102. Can you _ a good hotel in town 10 me ?
it to the peak. a. propose
a. humidity h. advise
b. blizzard c- recommend
c. breeze d. suggest
d. lightning
103. 'The answer _ higher employment is greater
94. jostled him on the sidewalk production,' the economist said.
a. Pedestrians a. with
b. Viewers b. on
c. 0nlookers c. in
d. Surveyors d. for
',/tlt:,ihU l,If
la
104. I must buy a new suit as this one is completely
a. run out
_ 112. A heart transplant is considered a(n) _
in modern medicine.
b. used up a. 0utbreak
c. broken in b. break-in
d. worn out c. breakup
d. breakthrough
105. I wouldn't employ him if I were you. 113. The threatened t0 kill the passengers
He's a criminal. if his demands weren't met.
a. convicted a. kidnapper
b. charged b. hijacker
c. blamed c. blackmailer
d. questioned d. arsonist
106. ln _ of lire you are advised to use the 114. The weather in the tropics is extremely hot and
_
emergency exits. a. severe
a. case b. dull
b. likelihood c. damp
c. occasion d. humid
d. chance
107. This winter has been quite mild but last year,s was
115. The writer _ recognition for his talent,
a. worth
a. severe b. prices
b. strict c. values
c. difficult d. deserves
d. damp
108, She was encouraged by her teacher to keep
116. lt is not always easy to of nuclear waste.
a. vanish
_ the good work. b. dispose
a. 0n c. share
b. up with d. refer
c" up
d. in 117. He's always tipsy; l've never seen him in my life
a. sensible
109. The government is going to _ the new tax law at the b. steady
beginning of the year. c. drunk
a. emp0wer d. sober
b. reinforce
c. force 118. He is _ a lonely man, keeping to himself
d. jmpose a. rather
b. fairly
110. I donl want lo fight, so don,t me c. s0
a. provoke d. less
b. invite
c. ask 119. You ceftainly shouldn't _ seejng this wonderful film.
d. command a. lose
b. miss
111. We can't buying a new car before c. forget
we sell our old one. d. regret
a. decide
b. consider 120. There's knowing what is going to happen next
c. appeal a. n0
d. account b. not
c. some
d. any

w
 rt 1

This passage is about American Football.

121. What are the two main elements of American football?

American Football a. physical play and intensity
b. strategy and physical play
American foot- c, strategy and competition
ball, known in d. competition and physical play
the United
States simply 122. What is the basic method of scoring points
as football, is a in American football?
competitive
a. getting the ball in the end zone
team sport
b. catching a pass while you are past the goal line
known for
mixin8 strategy
with intense
# c. kicking a ball through the opposing team's goal posts
d. tackling someone in his own end zone

physical play.
The object of 123. How is the winner of an American football game
the game is to determined?
score points a, by the most tackles
by advancing b. by the most expired points
the ball into c. by the most kicks of the ball
the opposing d. by the most points
team's end
zone. The ball 124, Where do national American football leagues exist?
can be a. only in the U.S.
advanced by
b. in the U.S. and Canada
carrying it (a running play) or by throwing it to a team-
c. in several countries across the world
mate (a passing play). Points can be scored in a variety
d. in the U.S. and Europe
of ways, including carrying the ball over the goal line,
catching a pass {rom beyond the goal line, tackling an
opposing ball carrier in his own end zone, or kicking 125. Where did American football originate from?

the ball through the goal posts on the opposing side. a. Canadian football
The winner is the team with the most points when b. Rugby football
time expires at the end of the last play. c. European football
d, Developmental league football
American football is also played outside the United
States. National leagues exist in Japan, Mexico and
Europe. The National Football League ran a develop-
mental league in Europe from 1991-1992 and
1995-2006. Canadian football, which is very similar to
the American game, is widely played in Canada.

The history of American football can be traced to early

versions of rugby football. Both games have their ori-
gin in varieties of football played in the United
Kingdom in the mid-19th century, in which a ball is
kicked at a goal and/or run over a line.

E
 t-
+* -{

rEarJ in I k* tr

This passage is about theme parks in Florida. R eadin a

Disney's The Magic

Kingdom has been
open for more than 126. What is NOT true about The Magic Kingdom?
four decades now and a. It remains the world's most popular theme park
is both Florida's best- today.
I
known and longest- b. It is Flodda's oldest theme park.
established park of its c. Walt Disney opened the park in 1966.
kind. Disney himself d. The idea of building it was first announced in 1965.
conceived the idea and began purchasing large quantities of
land in Orlando in 1964. A year later he announced that he
127. What is The Epcot Center?
would be building the world's most spectacular theme park
a. a reallife futuristic citv
there. Sadly, his passing in 1966 meant that he never got to
see his dream come to life b. the most popular theme park ever built
but what a dream it proved to
-
be! Today, The Magic Kingdom continues to attract more visi- e. a place which pays tdbute to achievements
tors than any other theme park in the world, in science and technology
d. a place in which some of the world's greatest
The Epcot Center innovations happened
The Epcot Center is another of Disney's popular theme parks
- and yet another brainchild of Disney founder Walt. lt 128. What do we learn about Disney-MGM Studios?
opened to the public late in the year 1982. The idea behind it
a. It was a joint project by Universal and Disney.
was to create a 'city of tomorrow'; Walt Disney had envisaged
b, It took almost two years longer to build than
a real-life, futuristic city where people lived and worked
together. Of course, this part of his dream never came about, Universal Studios.
but the Epcot Center does celebrate the world's greatest c. The plan to build it was announced late in 1980.
innovations, and scientific and technological progress generally, d. It was Florida's first film studio theme park.
and it remains to this day one of the most popular theme
parks ever built. 129. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Universal Studios opened a theme park
Disney-MGM Studios
in California in 1990.
This was another of Walt Disney's dreams that was realized
b. Universal Studios opered the first film studio
after his passinS. He had always loved the idea of building a
theme park.
theme park to showcase the best aspects of the world of film.
And when Universal Studios announced a similar plan in the c. There are eight theme parks in America more
late 1980s, the task of building Florida's first film studio theme popular than Universal Studios Florida.
park developed into a race between the two companies. ln d. Universal Studios Florida is the eight-most- popular
the end, nearly wo years before Universal Studios opened its theme park intemationally.
rival park, Disney-MGM Studios welcomed its first visitors on
May l, 1989. 130. What is the purpose of this passage?
a. to review theme parks in Florida
Universal Studios
b. to talk about the background of some of Florida's
Universal was the first company to open a film studio theme
park, which it did at its Hollywood base in California, but, in
main theme parks

Florida, the riyal Disney theme park opened first. Universal c. to promote the Disney and Universal theme parks
Studios Florida was eventually launched in late 1990 and has d, to provide practical visitor information for some of
gone on to become the eighth-most-popular theme park in Florida's theme parks
the States, though it still lags well behind all of the Disney
parks in terms of visitor numbers.

E
 . - 4r

A Dear Editor,

I am of the First Nation tribe of the Tla-o-qui'aht, and

lam writing to express my outright disgust at the killing
Gl
l-
lJ
Residents of Tofino on ,Alert
after Suspected Wolf ,Attack
of two wolves in Tofina. 0n Thursday, Parks Canada warned people to ensure that their dogs
are kept on leashes and under supervision at all times. This follows
lf the people who killed these animals only knew how an incident on Sunday night when a Chihuahua let out into the back
sacred the wolf is to my people, they would never have garden by its owner was snatched by a predator, suspected to be
committed such a crime.
a wolf.
I understand it is difficult when wolves and humans live in The remains of the Chihuahua have not been found, but a subsequent
such close proximity, but they were here first, let's not for- attack, which took place two days later on a bul terrier tied up in the
get. These animals have a righl to live and it should be
backyard of its owner's home, was confirmed as having been carrled
down to us to take measures to prevent wolves and
humans from coming into contact more frequently. out by a lone wolf,

lf, for example, you let your pet Chihuahua off its leash to There have also been several sightings of lone wolves in the outskirts
run about in the forest, then YoU are to blame if it doesn't of town over the past few weeks. Worried residents are being told to
come back. lf you leave uncovered food in the waste bins remain calm. Attacks on humans are very rare.
outside your home, then don't be surprised to find wolves Park Ranger Lee Knowles had thts to say:
being attracted to it.
'Take the right precautions; keep your anlmals under control and don't
Don't be lazy; dispose of your waste properly. Don't be leave food lyirg around, otherwise you will encourage wolves to come
irresponsible; control your pets properly, Don't be inhu- rnto contact with people, and, if they are rewarded for their boldness
mane; respect the wolf - it is a sacred animal. wjth food, that will only make them more frequent visitors. We do not
want this to happen; we do not want to encourage conflict. Eventually
lvly people have lived in peace and harmony with wolves
for generations. lf we can, so can you.
something terrible will happen -
a young toddler will be snatched or
something, and then we will be forced to act. Wolves are scarce
Yours distraught, enough on this island as it ls without us having to kill more of them,'
Dixon, an elder of the Tlo-o-qui-aht people

l-
I-I
1T
The Vancouver lsand Wolf is a subspecies of grey wolf unque to the sland. lt s a shy and elusive creature and
difficult to track down. V wolves usually rve in packs of between 5 and 20 animas and tend to stay as far away
as possibe from human activity. That is why most of them live on the northern part of the sland, which is the
least popr.rlated area.
Vl wolves are srmilar in size and appearance t0 their grey wolf relatives. l\4ales weigh up to 60 kg, with females
weighing slightly ess. Vl wo ves tend to have slightly- ighter-colOred coats than the r cousins, and it is not uncom-
mon to spot ones which are completely white. The wolves prey mainly on deer and elk, afd only hunt smaller gam e like rodents when
food is scarce.
As a top predator, the wolf is not under threat from other animals. lts majn problem is in fact human activity; human incursions into
the rainforests of Vancouver lsland have great y reduced the amount of natural habitat available to the wolves. ln the past, hunting
was also a major threat. ln some cases, it was even government-sanctioned. As a consequence, wolf numbers have iallen dramatically
over the years and the Vancouver lsland Wolf is now listed as an endangered species.

The Vancouver lsland Wolf has a crucial role to play rn the balance of the local ecosystem. lts removal would result in a huge increase
in the population 0f deer on the island, which, in turn, would lead to overgrazing. Besjdes, as the Vl wolf is unique to the island, were it
to die out here, the species would cease to exist in the w ld for good, it would be completely extinct.

Wolf Carcass Find Sparks Outrage

The discovery by local shopkeeper Brent Farmer of two wolf carcasses in a garbage dumpster on Friday, has sparked widespread
condemnation. The wolves were shot multiple times before being disposed oJ in what is a clear case of the endangered animals hav-
ing been tracked and killed in the wild.

First Nation islanders have been quick t0 label the shooting horrific, and this sentiment appears to be shared by the majority of
I
locals who recognize the importance of trying to preserve this endangered species. $

-
It is not clear what motivated the attack whether it was a pleasure hunt or some sort of revenge for the recent spate of pet
killings suspected to have been carried out by a lone wolf in Tofino. Either way, the local sheriff has promised to do his utmost to
track down the guilty parties and charge them wjth the unlaw{ul killing of a protected species, which carries a maximum sentence of
seven years in jail.

E
rE,]IJ iN l
R eadin a

Questions 131 refers to section A. 136. What point is Lee Knowles trying to make?
131. What is the main point the wdter of this letter a. It would be a real shame to have to kill a wolf because
is trying to make? of locals' carelessness.
a. The wolf is a sacred animal to all people and killing b. The wolves need to be shot before something
it is a crime. terrible happens.
b. It should be possible to avoid having problems c. A wolf is capable of killing a young child and
with wolves and where it is not, humans are to blame this will inevitably happen.
c. Wolves will not bother people unless people go into d. Wolves are too scarce on the island to be able to track
the forest. down and kill.
d. The people who killed the two wolves should be
convicted of a criminal offense. Question 137-138 refer to section D.
137. Why is Brent Farmer mentioned in the story?
Questions 132-134 refer to section B. a. He found the remains of two wolves in the trash
132. What do we leam in the first paragraph about the b. He has been widely condemned for dumping
Vancouver Island Wolf? wolf carcases.
a. It is a sociable animal that can be found in manv areas c. He shot and killed two wolves.
of the island. d. He is a hunter who tracks and kills wild wolves.
b. It tends to live in areas which are not densely populated.
c. It lives in the northern part of the island because there 138. What can we NOT say with ce ainty after reading
it is close to the human population. the text?
d. The northem part of the island is the part least a. The wolves were shot in revenge for the killing
populated by wolves. of several pets in the area.
b. Law enforcement officers are investigating the case.
133. What is said about Varcouver Island Wolf hunting c. Locals are united in believing the killing of the two
habits? wolves was wrong,
a, Wolves only hunt small animals when there is a lot d. It is illegal to hunt wolves on the island.
of food around.
b. Wolves only hunt deer and elk when food is scarce. Questions 139-140 refer to two or more sections,
c. The main diet of wolves is deer and elk. 139. Which sections provide advice for how to reduce the
d, Wolves mainly eat small game unless food is scarce chances of having encounte$ with woh/es?
a.AandB
134. What does the writer suggest would be a consequence b.AandC
of the Vancouver Island wolfs disappearance? c.B,CandD
a. the balance of the local ecosystem would improve d.A"BandC
b. the population of deer on the island would suffer
c. there would no longer be any wolves of any type 140. Based on what you've read, which of the following
left in the wild statements is the best advice for people trying to discourage
d. plant life on Vancouyer Island could be badly affected. wolves from coming into town?
a. Tie up pets that are left unsupervised.
Questions 135.136 refer to section C. b, Dispose of food waste in dumpstem.
135. What eyidence is there to suspect that a wolf was c. Cover all food that is being thrown out.
responsible for the disappearance of the pet Chihuahua? d, Do not dump any garbage in outdoor waste bins.
a. The condition of the remains of the animal when found.
b. Locals saw a lone wolf with the Chihuahua several
times.
c, Experts confirmed that the attack was ca[ied out
by a woll
d. Alother similar pet attack was conlirmed as the
work of a wolf.

r
 Join the Professional Performers
A Legend of the Ring
Emmet Kelly was born December 9th, 1889, in Kansas
KI THE GREATEST SHONT
to an lrish'immigrant father who worked on the railroad ON EARTH
and a mother who ran her own boarding house.
Growing up, his first love was sketching cartoon char- Ringling Bros. is now hiring
acters; he wanted to be a cartoonist, but while his love
of drawing never died, he soon became fascinated by Are you a talented, hard-working
the circus and dreamt of developing his own act. ndividual who brings sornething
that little bit speclal to his job
He was first offered a job as a trapeze act by the owner of the Great
day- n-day-out? Are you ooking
London Circus, but, trrth be told, he wasn't a terribly good trapeze
for a more rewarding career?
artist, and, though he got better over time, probably the most signifi We , how about io ning Ring ing
cant thlng about his days of swinging from s de to s de on the bar was
Bros. lively young team of per
that he met the love of his life, Eva Moore, while doing so. The duo even formers? And if the nightiy stand-
performed together for a time untii Eva fe I pregnant.
ing ovations (wh ch are for us all
By then, Kelly needed to find a way to make more money, so he invent' - both behind-the-scenes and
ed a clown character called Weary Willie. Willie was a dirty old hobo, stage'front staff) and knowlng
unlike any clown ever seen before or since. ln 1941, Kelly joined the that you have made so many young people happy is not
Ringling Brothers Circus and he was given permission to basically do reward enough, then how about the fact that we will train
whatever he wanted in his performance. By now totally focused on his you in the circus skill of your choice? Learn to work with
clownery, having given up the trapeze act, Willie wou d wander 0n and w ld arimals; perfect your trapeze skills; conquer the
off stage, up and down the aisles and in between members of the audi' t ghtrope walk of terrod Whatever you've always wanted
ence doing whatever silly things he corld think of. to do, we can make it happen. ln retlrn for your hard
work, we wl turf you into a circus star.
It wasn't long before Weary Wilie had people rolling around wlth laugh'
ter; he became one of the most recognizable and best'oved clowns in
history. His relationship with Ringling Brothers contlnued for 15 years
Dayto-day dlrties wl nc lde
cleaning the animais' cages,
and feeding and exercis ng them, helping to set up the
until, in 1956, he left to become the mascot of the Brooklyn Dodgers.
rigs for shows, and general abor.
Weary Willie was no more.

But for the next 20-odd years, Kelly continued to entertain audiences 0n lf you are interested, ca us now on 1800 RING BROS.
varety shows, commercials and in clubs. Then, on N4arch 28th, i979, the
clowning around finally carne to an end; Kelly died at the fine old age 0f (Ali our employees are paid rates above the minimum
80, much beloved by his fam ly and the people everywhere whose lives wage).
had been touched by his humor.

tr Ringling Bros. Back in Town

Mark the date in your diaries lolks: Ringling Bros
) Ringling Brothers' Circus
The Ringllng Brothers Circus we know today -
full title:
'Ringling Bros. and Barnum and Bailey Circus'- began to
are coming to Charleville for what promises to be take shape way back in the late 19th century, when James A.
six fun and excitement-filled shows this summe[.
Bailey was buiding a reputation for Barnum and Bailey
ftom the 5th to the 10th of Julv. Clrcus all across Amer ca. At its height, Barnum and Bailey
employed more than 1,000 people, consisted of five different
The famous Ringling Bros. tent will be pitched in rings, required 85 railroad cars just to get from pace to plac e, an
the fields of Flathulst Rise for the duration. with largest rraveli.lg menagerie eve, ,eer.
performances starting at 7:30 wcekday cvenings
and 3:00 in the after[oon on Saturday and Sunday. At around the same time, Ringling Brothers -
then a separate circus show -
was also beginning to make a name {or itself. By 1889, it too had a record
Tickets priced frorr $10-$45 are on sale now at all to boast about; a rng-tent wth a seating capacty for 4,000 people. But
local newsagents and online via Ticketmaster. there was no doubt about it; Barnum and Bailey was still the biggest show in
town, or, indeed, the Greatest Show on Earth as they used to boast.
The latest Ringling Bros. show promises k) bc fuli R ngling Brothers was ambiti0us though a,rd began absorbing its competitors,
of crazy tricks, spectacular thrills. hilarious all the while grow ng bigger and bigger. Eventually, its size rivalled that of
shenanig.rns lnd rnajestic rnimrrls. lerrtrrrino p<r- the great Barnum and Bailey show. Ln 1907, not long after the death of
formances from the likes of Molorcycle Madness, James A. Bailey, Ringling Brothers fina ly absorbed the biggest prize of them
Elephant Empress and BaJancing George and the
Georgettes.
a ; it plrrchased Barnum and Bailey Circus for 5400,000 -
a huge sum of
money at the time.

The fun begins one hour before show-time with a So great was the public and the Ringl ngs' respect for the Barnum and Baiey
pre-performance palty that is not to be missed. name that the new owners of the circus continued to run it as a separate
The pa y is free to all ticket holders. show to therr own. That was unt 1919 when wartime conditions made it
Complimentary beverages and food will be served harder and harder to keep the two enterprises going due to a shortage of
to those with show-tickets valued at $25 or more. labor and problems with rail travel. The two great shows were then merged
and finally became Ringllng Bros. and Barnlm and Bailey Circus, the name the
famous circus extravaganza has kept to this day.
28,4
 ir F
,),.;

r dU NE tu L
R eadin a

Questions 141-142 refer to section A. Questions 147-148 refer to section D.

141. What do we leam about Emmet Kellv's childhood interesrs? 147. What do we learn in the tirst two paragraphs?
a. He loved to watch cartoons. a, Ringling Bros. and Barnum and Bailey circuses were
b. He liked drawing for a short time. about the same size in the late 19th century.
c, He dreamt of becoming an actor. b. Both Ringling Bros. ard Barnum and Bailey had
d.He wanted to become a circus performcr. more than a thousand employees at one point.
c. Barflum and Bailey attracted an audience of about
142. What is said about Emmet Kelly's time as .r trapeze 1,000 per show, while Ringling Bros. attracted around
artist? 4,000 people per show in the late 1gth century.
a. Emmet was a natural trapeze artist and improved d. Barnum and Bailey was the biggest circus show in
more as time went on. the States during the late 1gth century.
b.Emmet and the woman he married met because they
were both trapeze artists. 148. To what does the word 'it' on the second line of the
c. Emmet and his wife performed trapeze together while last paragraph refer?
she was pregnant. a. Ringling Bros. Circus
d. Emmet's trapeze act was never te[ibly good and got b.the public
wone as time went on. c. Barnum and Bailey Circus
d. the ownership of Barnum and Bailey
143. Why did Emmet come up with a clown character?
a. because his trapeze act was no good Questions 149.150 refer to two or more sections.
b.because he needed to increase his salary 149. In which text(s) would you find information about the
c. because he was told to by Ringling Brothers types of acts there are in the present-day Ringling
d.because no one had seen clowns perform before Brothers Circrrs?
a.A and B
Questions 144.145 refer to section B. b. B only
144. What do we learn about the Ringling Brothers' c.BandC
upcoming Chareleville shows? d.B, C and D
a. There will be two shows each day - one at 3 p.m.
and one at 7:30 p.m.. 150. What is NOT true about today's Ringling Brother.s
b. Tickets will only be available from local shops. Circus show, based on the evidence in the four texts?
c. There will be an extra show on Saturday and Sunday. a.It still performs separately to the Barnum and Bailey
d.The weekend show times will be earlier than the Circus.
weekday ones. b,It sometimes has special events on for ticket holders
before the circus shou starts.
145. What tto all people who buy tickets ro the show also get? c.It has an act which involves two-wheel motor vehicles
a, entry to a pre-performance partv lor $25 d.It doesn't require all of the new staff it hires to be
b. $25 worth of food and beverages trained circus performers.
c. entry to a pre-pedormance party at no charge
d. complimentary beverages and food

Question 146 refers to section C.

146. What is the w ter of the text trying to suggest is the
main attraction of coming to work for Ringling Bros.?
a.The work will be very exciring in narure.
b.You will haye the chalce to become a trained circus
performer.
c. There will be a chance to look after and clean c',
the animals in the show.
d.The pay will be extremely high.

re
 riting
Read the following news item from a local newspaper about homelvork in schools.
Then, do either task A or task B. For task A you will write a letter. For task B you will write an essay. Do only
ONE of these tasks. Your writing will be graded on how fluently and clearly you can exPress your ideas in English.

S You will have 30 m rutes to write

your letter or essay.
\ You may make an outline or notes in
your test booklet if you wish, but your
k
outline will not count toward your score.
s You will not be graded on the \
appearance of your paper, but your
handwriting mLrst be readable. You may
change or correct your writing, but you
it

news
should not recopy the whole essay.
\ Use your own words as much as
possible, Do not copy a lot from the
article grven below.

IS TOO MUCH The), do agree that a large amount of

HOMEWORK homework is assigned but think that the
A BAD THING? amount can be completed, while still
Parents and students have recently giving students plenty of time to explore
complained to teachers and schools that outside interests. Teachers and schools
children have too much homework to urguc that \rudcnl\ mu\l manage their
do per night. Students and parents say time wisely.
that this huge amount of work doesn't A benefit of the large amount of
let students pursue ally outside inter- work, teachers and schools think, is
ests like start ing piano lessons. join- that it helps students develop their
ing a basketball league, or just sit- time management skills, which are
ting at home and being with their very important once students
F
families. Teachers and schools become adults and work for a
hare a different perspecrive. living.

A L-e++e*
You and your classmates have been discussing this article. You want to tell parents and teachers
what you think about the issue.
Write a letter to the editor of the newspaper, including 1,our opinion about the reaction of your
schoolmates and your argument about too much homework.

B €ssay
What do you think a lot of homework has to offer students, if anything?
Do you think the same amount, or even more, should be assigned or should less
be assigned, as the students and parents argue?
Discuss your opinions and give examples to support them.

E
',,+'r it in
w riti n I

Teck A: ModetLette,
D"^" -si,,,
For Homework - gives extra practice/revision ,,Y+er ".d.:.lr,r.r r l1e dr+i.:le ,1 yoqr p.p"" dl,."r
- chance to work alone homewor <, J feh I he h.:.:.1 ro Nrlr.r +o lon ro €,xFress
- teaches time management hy op '1lo 1 -. il\e s"i,;,.t.
J, .".1 +11" /r^to,.ity ol ,.y frte,,L,ts, {.,.1 rh.r .,..
",..,,-rh h",,.-.,"-[ A rtro.qtr r," *o._
Against Homework - no free time gei ,,o,.e rh.:,r
| ^."'"..p" *i+rr r,re r, o,.L,oa-1. Ne tpet h-, 1 wp
- causes stress
- time to be with friends/family I -" "," u" onch avF,\ ,,.,.e h" .,"",", or r\o,,e\Jo"r"
r\.," *",,rr Lp ,,,"easohor,,e.
| " " -*r.r
I I. r...",.1r) . l\."" , e,:, Ji.,l" f.e" .i,,,p a. |>
| ..,,t .- : o., ted.n "e ro r,a) .t1e ,.i.ti , a ,J ^", o, ,,1e
l,aske+ball redh. J wo.,l.l lre vely..hc./".d if J h..l
Useful Vocabularg h"/e s.h..l -..k r" d".
J app.eciare rha+ ho"..\,",t< is ih1po.lahr, l,hi ),o!
pressure, 6/e ohly yokhg ohce ahd yok^g p".pl"
"..d |,.. r.
heavy workload, self-study, enjoy rhenselves l,el".. +h"y t ec.^. 1i.d dorvn rvlrh
exhaustion mature/responsible attitude f d,.ily a"; h,".1 resp"hsil,llit]es.
independent study, Beca(se of rhe .eas"". J h.". .+.+e.,1, J I h".ef.*.
unsupervised work, t"li."e rhar chitd/e^ shoqtd nor be given qo.e h6he
self-discipline, !v.,k +hah r'h"y al/ea"ly have as rhis wilt ..".e
"hh..-
essa,y sl /ess anJ w"""y.

2
y.""s f. hf"lly,

Task B: ModetEssay
Doirq homework Lakeg W a larqe ?erL al a gtu-
denl's aft ochool havo, \/,,1e all expecN l-o have r,o
--
Ao aome hofie\\/o.k, bul oofieltte. ieachera a.oiqn
Loa nuch.
10 glarlt wiLh, ) lhirk Lhere are Lwo reaaang fot
Aoir\ hornework, Firat.. gLuaento ree+ Lo praclice
what lhey have been t auqht, for exafi?le in nalh at
a loreiqn lan4uaqe. Secand, il glu^enLe Ao noN fin-
ioh work aurinl clago Nirne. lhey knaw iL muol be
r Writing Tips
aone aL home. I Ihink all oLuaerLe unaerotanA Lhal
t'hio kin4 af horrework ia a receogary ?arL ol When you first start to answer a
echaol lil e. writing question, it is worth spencling
0n lhe oLher hand, ) lhnk it. ie unfar of leach- a couple of minutes to write a plan.
ero Lo a1?iqr homewark iret- lo keep gluaento buoy, Make sure that you have includecl all
For example, gomel)fieo leachero gay Lhere M)l be
a Leol. oo etr^enLg dtuay harA onry lo fina aDt the points that are required. Use a
there io na Leet aft alll I obiect La Lhie k).1d af clifferent paragraph for every point.
homework. Many gluaentb are boey wLh fiub)c or You neecl to be able to expand on
dance leseo|s, or playrT eporLe an+ Lhese acNivi-
each point, giving more information
lieo are alga im?orLant to younq peo?le ao Lhey
qrow up. A)eo. we neei la have gome free l)fie lo or expressing your opinion ancl giving
)ual relax, reasons for your opinion. By planning
ln conc)ubion, it. e lrue that aainq hofiewatk I your composition, you will also avoicl
e.oenLial far a'uaenLo. but I believe Leacherg reei
l,a be I air and should a7siE1 a realieLic amouN. I repetition ancl ensure th at the argu-
there i9 fiarc Lo a gLL)deft,'9 )ife Lhan echool anl I ment is presented in a I ogical way.
honework.

W
 riting
Read the following newspaper article. Then, do either task A or task B. For task A you will write a letter. For
task B you will write an essay. Do only ONE of these tasks. Your writing will be graded on how fluently and clearly
you can express your ideas in English.

NEWS
Should Sweets Be Allowed in School?
Recentlv Lhele has been a push to eliuinatc all sweets and solt cl'inks fiom school cafetet ias. Nlanv peo-
ple sal allorling childreD to ezrt uuhealtltv fbod duling school hortt s helps them delelop bad eating
habits lol the future. Thel also claim that eating unhealthv food inhibirs students' perlbt mance ott
schooh'ork and that eatiDg health\ lood he[s students col]centrate and therefore perlorm better-.
Those tbat oppose the itica sar that students should bc able to make their-oln decisions about tlhat thel
-fhev
eat. feel that students shoulcl be educated about healthl eating but should still be able to hal'e a
tleat at lunchtime ifthel l'alt ir.

A. Letter Paragraphs Points (letter)

You have been discussing this article with your
friends. You decide to write to the paper to share lntroduction:
your opinion on the issue. Write a letter to the edi- Paragraph I
-Make a general statement about how
tor of the newspaper. Explain why you do or do
you feel about this issue. What is your
not agree with eliminating sweets and soft drinks in introduction thot
opinion? Which side do you agree with?
school cafeterias. indicotes topic ond
position.
-Explain why you do or do not think
sweets and soft dinks should be
Main Bodv
allowed in school cafeterias. Give at
Paragraph 2 (&3)
least two or three reasons and give an
explanation for each one. Be sure to
Moin points ond orgument
cite why you support which argument
made in the newspaper clip.

-Conclude with a statement summing

Conclusion
up how you feel and which position
Last Paragraph
you agree with.

B. Essay
Do you thinl< students should be served sweet
foods and soft drinks at school? Do you thinl< the
r@il
lntroduction:
Points (essay)
-lYake a statement that states your
Paragraph I position on the topic. Do you or do
decision of what types of foods children should
you not feel that students should be
eat should be made by schools or by parents?
An introduction thot indicotes seryed sweet foods and soft drinlc at
Why do you feel how you do? Refer to the points
topic ond position. school?
in the article to help back up your decision.
- Answer these questions to support
your opinion: Do you think the deci-
Main Bodv sion of what types of foods children
Paragraph 2 (&3) should eat should be made by schools
or by parents? Why do you feel how
Moin Points ond orgument, you do? Be sure to include anything
else you can think of that would help
to make your argument stronger.
Conclusion -Conclude with a statement summing
Last Paragraph up your argument.

E
Iffi peaking
DECIDE WHAT PERFORMANCE IS BEST

Stage 1
. How do you spend your weekends?
. Have you ever been to a circus?
. What was it like?
. Do you like gong to video arcades?
. What can you do there?
. Do you prefer going to a "sit down restaurant" or
a fast food restaurant? Discuss.

Stage 2
Situation: One of your friends, Tina, is entering a talent competition
and she wants your help deciding what to do for her performance.

First You should look at the pictures below and ask:

. What talents does she have?
o What is the advantage to each option?
. What is the disadvantage to each option?

Stage 3
Then: When you have all the information you need, explain what you've
decided. Be ready to explain your choice. Remember to use information
you learned from asking questions to explain your final choice.
I
Stage 4
Finally, after you have shared your decision, you will be asked more
questions about the topic.
t_..-,

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 test 14
istening
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 test 14
istening Dort t
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listen in
DorT 2 a

ln lhis port of the test, you will heor four short tolks. After eoch tolk, you will heor some questions obout it.
Before eoch tolk beglns, you will hove time to previer, the questions lhot ore printed in the test booklet.

. Reod the queslions silently.

. Then listen to the tolk. You con toke notes in the booklet.
. Then listen to eoch question ond choose the best onswer from the onswer choices.
. Mork your onsw€rs on the seporote onswer sheet. you should mqrk A, B, C, or D.

There ore o lotol ol 20 questions obout the four short tolks.

Questions 3l-36
Look ot the queslions. Then listen lo o leclure obout politics. NOTES

31. What is said about the founding of the Republican party?

a. lt was founded before the Democratjc pany.
b. lt was founded by people who were pro-slavery.
c. lt was founded by very traditional, conserualive people.
d. lts lounders wanted to help America become more modern

32. Where are the Democrats popular today?

a. the southern states
b. northern pafts of America
c. in the same places as they were historically
d. they are slightly more popular in the south than the north

33. What happened in 1861 ?

a. Seven southern states made Ljncoln their president,
b. The northern states withdrew lrom the union.
c. Lincoln became America's first president.
d. A Republican Party leader won the presidential election

34. What did Lincoln achieve that lew other American leaders have
succeeded in doing?
a. He was both a good politician and an excellent speaker.
b. He was able to support ordinary people with his policies.
c. He got support from people in the two main rival politjcal parties
d. He defeated the army of the northern Confederates.

35. Which of these groups are big supporters of the Republican pafty today?
a. Alrican-Americans
b. middle-class Americans
c. immigrants lrom Europe
d. wealthy business people

36. What does the speaker mean when ,n, ,rrr,()

a. Slaves should be free to do as much labor as they want.
b. Slaves should no longer work as laborers.
c. People who are slaves should be paid a fair wage.
d. Slaves should be lreed and paid fajrly for the work they do.

r
 test 14
istening Drrrt 2
Questions 37-41 Questions 42-46
Look ot the questions. Then llsten to o rodio qnnouncement. Look ot the questions. Then lislen to o news reporf
on the rodio-
37. What is The Horse Sanctuary?
a. Kentucky's oldest proiitable organization 42. Who are arriving on Thursday and Friday?
b. a Kentucky business run by members of the local community a. new firslyear students
c. a governmentfunded charity b. students ol the Businsss faculty
d. an organization that relies on donations and volunteer c. studenls Irom abroad
support to survive d. the new studenls oJ the Business faculty and
the LT. depaftment
38. What kind of h0rses does the sanctuary N0T care lor?
a. horses that have been abused 43. What do we learn about the baseball team?
b. horses that are ill a. lt lost in the final o{ the play-offs.
c. horses whose owners cannot afford to look alter them anymore b. lt was the favorite to win this year's play-offs.
d. horses that are in the temporary care of local vels for treatment c. lt lost the thirdjourth place match.
d. lt came third in the play-otfs.
39. What is the sanctuary's two-year goal?
a. to have twice the number of volunteers 44. What is happening to the college fees next year?
b. to slaft bui dino new stables at the end of that two years a. They are going up by 10%.
c. to have double the amount of stables it has now b. They are going down by 10%.
d. to finally fillthe stables to capacity c. They are staying the same.
d, They are ooing to be increased again.
40. Why doesn't the sanctuary rehome all its horses?
a. 11 doesn't want them to be ridden. 45. What happened to the father of the Longwofthy students?
b. Not all the horses recover to full health and are of interest a. He died in a car crash.
to people. b. He made a speedy recovery from an illness.
c. Rehomed animals are often returned to them again. c. He was involved in a fight and is in a critical condition
d. There are nol enough stables to accommodate all the in hospital.
horses they have. d. He was badly injured and is in danger ol losing his life

41. What does the speaker mean *nrn tu ,uyr,

() 46. Who is Niall Longwofthy?
a. They put down animals that cannot live out their lives in peace. a. one oI the well-known Longworthy twins studying
b. The animals would be kilLed il they didn't look after them. chemistry
c. Animals deserve to live in peace and quiet. b. the father ot the Longworthy twils
d. All animals in pain deserve the chance to be put to sleep, c. a man who died in the lvlonday-morning car crash
d. a lriend of the man who died in the lvlonday-morning
car crash

NOTES NOTES

E
li=tr:nin
Dort 2 a

Questions 47-5O
Look ot the questions. Then listen lo on onnouncemenl ot o conference.
NOTES
47. What do we learn about tonight's wine reception and cocktail party?
a. Drinks and food will be completely free.
b. The reception will take place away from the town of Smallville.
c. Guests will have an opportunity to meet some ol this yeafs conference speakers
d. Guests can have as much wine as they like.

48. What time will Friday night's pafty finish at?

a. 8 o'clock
b. 12 a.m.
c. 4 o'clock
d. it can go on as long as guesls want

49. What price are the tickets for the party on Friday?
a. All guests at the conference can get in for lree.
b. Everyone will pay $2.00.
c. People exhjbiting at the conlerence will not be charged, others will pay g2
d. People with exhibitor badges must pay $2, others get in free.

50. What is N0T true about Saturday's entefiainment?

a. lt willleature some entetainers people might already have heard of
b. Entry into the event will be free.
c. The end-of-conference dinner willlake place afterwards.
d. lt will start at around 7:45 p,m.

@
 rammar
51, 'I had to work late yesterday.' 57. A house ........... marble probably 63. This is a piece of excellent
'So ............ .' costs a fortune. workmanship. Every piece
alhad a built of of wood ........... in it is carved
bhadl b having built by hand.
cldid c built a used
ddidl d building of b was used
c using
52. I clearly remember ........... that 58. I've already taught little Jane d that used
the results wouldn't be out until
next Monday. a swimming 64. 'Did you have a good time
a telling me b to swimming in Morocco?'
b his telling me c how to swim 'Well, the weather was rather
c told me d how she swims too hot for us. but ....... it was OK.'
d having told me a other that
59. 'Do you still recall your b other than that
53. 'Eugene would Iike to study grandmother?' c that other
music.' 'l can't help .......... weep when d none other than
' ........... is Vienna.' I do.'
a Where he should go a but 65. 'How do you like your steak?'
b What he should do b also 'It's ........... too bad.'
c That he should go c too ano
d Which town he should go d except b nothing
c not
54. Would you be so kind ........... 60. 'It's almost noon and Joe is still d neither
to help me with my luggage? in bed.'
a that 'It's impossible for him ........... 66. The District Attomey ordered
bso all this time.' that all of the youngste$
cas a to sleep arrested...........,
dif b to be sleeping a be released
c to have slept b are released
55. 'Has the weather cleared up d to have been sleeping c should release
at home?' d couldn't release
'No, it's ........... cold.' 61. 'It's unusual to see you on
a ever so a bike,' 67. ........... expensive a watch would
b never so 'Well, my car ............' you like to buy?
c hardly ever a is repaired a How
d ever hardly b is being repaired b How much
c had to repair c As much
56. 'Which ofyour two daughters d is about to repair d What
is the married one?'
'The ........... one.' 62. 'Did you hear about the plane 68. 'How many padicipants were
a old crash?' there?'
b older 'Yes, wasn't that a terrible thing 'There were about ten ..........
c oldest Dr. Gray.'
d elder a for happening a apart for
b that happened b except from
c happening c besides
d to happen d beside
298
r,lrn rn
G rammar
69. He was punished by 75. 'You didn t go to Jane's parlv 81. 'Will 1ou come to my birthda)
a demoting after all, did you?' pafiy?'
b being demoted 'No, I didn't, but I'd rather '........... I not be able to, I'11 give
c been demoting you a call.'
d was demoted ago aIf
b have gone b In case
70. 'I can't finish all this work c went c Would
by myselfl' d had gone d Should
'........... I helped you with it?'
aAsif 76. That she rose so high so fast 82. 'She gave a brilliant
b Then if .......,... ascribed to her hard performance.'
c What if work. 'You're right. I........... .'
d However a should have a didn't think so
b has b thought as much
71. 'Did you like the new play?' c is about to be c thought that so
'No, it didn't ........... my d must be d thought much of it
elpectations.'
a live up to 77. 'Do radar and sonar work on 83. 'Why does your car keep breaking
b fall short of the same principle?' so often ?'
c come up with 'No, radar employs radio waves '........... to be something wrong
d go down with .....,..... sonar uses sound waves.' with the engine.'
a therefore a There seems
72. He was supposed to meet me b although b It seems
at the station, but he........... . c provided c That seems
a wasn't d whereas d As it seems
b doesn't
c didn't 78. 'So. will you retire nerl year?' 84, I haven't made up my mind yet
d wouldn't 'Yes, I ........... for twenty five .......... whether this is the right
years by then.' job for me.
73. 'Do you expect him to come?' a am teaching aasof
'I don't, but if he ........... turn up, b will be teaching basto
tell him to wait.' c will teach casif
a should d will have been teaching d as for
b would
c may 79. Your English is good but Sour 85. We won't know the winners of
d might brother's is ........... better. the pdzes until all the tickets
a far ......,.,.. out.
74. 'We can't drive there. The car's b very a were sold
broken down.' c too b having sold
'All ........... to have some d not c have been sold
exercise on foot.' d are being sold
a the best 80. This castle is said to..........
b the better for a have haunted
c the better b be haunted
d the best of all c being haunted
d having been haunted

r
 test 14
ocabulary
86. The smoke into the air 95. I didn't like him; lfound him a most person
a. ascended a. disadvantaged
b. descended b. disabled
c. mounted c. agreeable
d. raised d. disagreeable

87. She made the mistake 0f leaving {ingerprints 96. Hundreds 0f people attended the
behind. wedding
a. vast a. cerem0ny
b. great b. day
c. fatal c. festival
d" deathly d" celebrate

88. Joanne behaves in a childish and way. 97. Do you wish to pay , madam?
a. mature a. cash
b. immature b. charge
c. serious c. check
d. adult d. credit card

89. lt is to park your car here, You'll get a ticket if you d0 98. The criminal had himself as a policeman.
a. legal a. hidden
b. illegal b. disguised
c. irresponsible c. disgusted
d. offensive d. disgraced

90. 'Did Ted finally qujt his iob?' 'No, he never carried 99. our visil t0 the zoo was as well as enjoyable
his threat to resign.' a. efficient
a.0n b. educational
b. off c. training
c. away d. disagreeable
d. out
100. He was a member of the which climbed
91. She's thin now, but as a child she was rather l\/lount Everest.
a. muscular a. tour
b. plump b. adventure
c. virile c. expedition
d. frail d. excursion

92. Smallpox has almost been _. 101. His brakes and unfortunately he couldn't stop the
a. abolished car in time.
b. annihilated a. lailed
c. eradicated b. injured
d. exterminated c. worked
d. smashed
93. We stopped t0 have a rest before beginning
the final 102. They were sale once they crossed the _ .

a. climbing a. border
b. ascent b. boundary
c. summit c. line
d. peak d. zone

94. What is the of the town? 103. He lost a fortune at the casino
a. height a. gambling
b. width b. loaning
c. mullitude c. placjng
d. d.
E altitude playing
tJlt:,lhU l,lr
ocabula
104. His residence permit was and he had to leave 113. The lvlayan civilization _ around the year 1200 AD
the country, a. annihilated
a. revoked b. decimated
b. abolished c. vanished
c. recalled d. exterminated
d. repealed
114, He's well qualified and _ to a higher salary
105. lnternatjonal laws prohibit the treatment of a. ensured
prisoners of war. b. entertained
a. humorous c. enriched
b. human d. entitled
c. humane
d. inhumane 115. l'm afraid this vase is completely
a. worthwhile
106. You can't be so _ as t0 believe what b. worthless
advertisements say. c. valuable
a. naive d. invaluable
b. clever
c. religious 116. I want the agreement
d. sensitive a. in black and white
b. out o1the blue
107. Whenever he was in a crowd ol people c" once in a blue moon
he felt anxious and d. in the red
a. relaxed
b. sale 117. Sorry, I've gotto got0the school and the kids
c. secure a. take
d. insecure b. bring
c. letch
108. I could see she was trying to hide her d. pick I

a. insensible
b. understanding 118. are about to go up again due t0 inflation
c. jealousy a. Fares
d. influence b. Travel
c. Transport
109. Don't let his friendly manners _ you. d. Planes
a. misuse
b. mistake 119. I wonder which questions will in the exam this year
c. misplace a. g0 up
d. mislead b. come up
c. ask
110. Can you give me a(n) _ into town? d. examine
a. lift
b. elevator 120. l'd like t0 have this film _, please.
c. hand a. stamped
d. rise b. finished
c. developed
111. The symptoms of thjs disease are general d. unrolled
and nausea.
a. vjtality
b. weakness
c. latness
d. strength

112.our school uses all the most teaching methods.

a. upto-date
b- upto-day
c.
d.
up-and-coming
upbringing
r
 14 D
ffiTm Part 1

This passage is about Country music.

121. What part of the U.S. did country music originate from?
Country Music a. South & Appalachian Mountains
b. West
Country music
is a blend of c. Southwest
popular musi- d. West & Appalachian Mountains
cal {orms orig-
inally found in 122. Where does country music have its roots?
t
the Southern a, country and western music
L lnited States t
b. traditional folk music
and the
Appalachian c. several different genres

Mountains. lt has roots in traditional folk d. Hillbilty music

music, Celtic music, blues, gospel music,
hokum, and old-time music and evolved rapidly
in the 1920s. The term "country music" began 123, What country singer helped develop Rock'n Roll music?
to be used in the 1940s when the earlier term
a. Louisiana Hayride
"hillbilly music" was deemed to be degrading.
b. Garth Brooks
ln the Southwestern United States a different c. Elvis Presley
mix of ethnic groups created the music that d. all the above
became the Western music of the term country
and western. 124, What radio program did Elvis Presley perform on
quite often?
Country music has produced two of the top
a. The Hillbilly Cat
selling solo artists of all time. Elvis Presley, who
was known early on as "The Hillbilly Cat" and b. Louisiana Hayride
was a regular on the radio program Louisiana c. Country and Western
Hayride, went on to become a defining figure in d. Arbitron, Inc
the emerging genre of rock 'n roll. Carth
Brooks is one of the top-selling country artists 125, What happened to country music atbum sales in 2006?
of all time, and except for a short foray into
a. they declined
non-country in the late 1990s, has remained in
b. they increased
that genre.
c. they stayed the same
While album sales of most musical genres have d. they declined significantly
declined, country music experienced one of its
best years in 2006, when, during the first six
months of the year, U.S. sales of country
albums increased by 17.7 percent to 36 million.
Moreover, country music listening nationwide
has remained steady for almost a decade,
reaching 77.3 million adults every week,
according to the radio-ratings agency Arbitron Inc.

The term "country music is used to describe

many styles, genres, or subgenres.

302
rE,l ilinu I

R eading
This passage is about a legendary,,baseball player.

George Herman Ruth Jr., or Babe 126. What do we learn about George Jr.'s youth?
Ruth as he became known, was born
to George Sr. and Kate in February, 3
4;':
vl
a. His first school was St. Mary's.
b. George was brought up by his parents a strict
1895. He was one of 8 children, but
Catholic.
only he and a sister named Mamie
c. George was only close to one of his siblings,
would survive childhood. fu both his 4
parents worked long hours, young
George often had no one around to
watch over him. As a result, he began to m
.T
an d ski P
his sister Mamie.
d. George's parellts were not able to spend
much time with him.

school, and it was then that his parents decided to send him
to St. Mary's lndustrial School for Boys - a strict Catholic 127, Who was Brother Matthias?

school that they hoped would help discipline George and a. a man who adopted George and became his father
point him back in the right direction. Apart from anything b. a member of the staff at St. Mary,s
else, what it did do, which changed George's life forever, was c. George's P.E. teacher at St. Mary's
introduce him to baseball. d. a pe$on George introduced to the sport of
Shortly after he ioined the school, George found himself baseball
being taken under the wing of one of the Brothers who had
taken a liking to him. Brother Matthias became a role model 128. Why did the owner of the Baltimore Qrioles come
and father figure for George, with whom he shared his own
to George's school?
love of baseball. Together the pair worked tirelessly on
a. He was a close friend of Brother Matthias.
George's hitting, lielding and pitching skills each evening after
b. At the invitation of the school's staff.
school. And it wasn't long before George's talent started to
c. To sign George to his baseball team.
impress people.
d. His team, the Baltimore Orioles, was playing
He became so good that the Brothers invited Jack Dunn,
owner of the Baltimore Orioles, to come and see him play. a match there.

Dunn had been watching George from the side of the field
for no more than an hour when he made up his mind - 129. Where did George's nickname 'babe' come from?

George was signed on the spot. When Dunn introduced a. His teammates called him babe because he was
George to his teammates in Baltimore, they referred to him so young.
as the owner's 'newest babe', on account of his young age - b. His teammates called him babe because he was
and so one of the most famous sporting nicknames in history new to the team.
was created; Babe Ruth was born! c. His teammates called him babe because he was
George performed so well for the Orioles that he soon the owner's favo te,
caught the interest of one of the maior league teams, the
d. His teammates called him babe on accouflt of his
Boston Red Sox. He was sold to the Red Sox as a pitcher -
good looks.
ironic considering that he is best remembered today for his
achievements with the bat. But George was a very good
130. Why isit ironic that George was sold as a pitcher?
pitcher, too, in those early years.
a. George only became good at battirg in later years.
b. George was not considered to be a good pitcher
at the time.
c. George later became best-known for his batting
performances.
d. George had been a catcher for a major league
team.

303
 D
1

I
Dear Editor,

lwish to commend Stephanie Baldrich on the quality

c A Worthwhile Resource
Newz Academlc is the latest free resource to be targeted at teachers
of her new educational supplement that comes out and students of English. And there are so many now that choosing the
weekly in your Sunday edition. right one becomes a problem. l\'lost of them are poody designed and
not 0f very good quality. But lwas pleasantly surprised to discover
As a teacher, I can tell you that I am always on the that Newz Academic is the exception. ln this magazine we may have
lookout for new resources to use in the classroom. found a real gem.
The trouble is such resources often don't come cheap
What irnpressed me the most was the content; k ds will love thisl lt is
But here we have Stephanie providing a whole section very up-to-date and is focused on thlngs students are genuinely lnter-
of reading material, containing extracts designed for ested in. There are weekly music, fashion, film and celebrity featLrres.
each of the different levels of the language learner - And there's some other, more serious stuff there, too -
it's a perfect
wonderJull Not to mention the free exercises and balance actually.
quizzes which accompany the texts.
My only criticism ls that the writers of this publication have forgotten
I have been using her resources in class all week and ofe important thing; not all learners of the language are kids; what
my students have been giving me very positive feed- about all the mature students out there - the hundreds of thousands of
back - they find the material interesting and uplo- them in this country alone? Do they not deserve the same attention as
date, and they like the different exercises Stephanie your pubLication so clearly gives to younger learners?
has designed.
That's disappointing I must say, and the reason why I've only awarded
And personaliy, lfind the levels of the texts just right; Newz Academic four stars out of five.
spot on Stephanie Baldrich; keep up the good workl
You know what you need to do to earn that fifth star Newz Academic
Yours,
editors, so get to workl
A very happy teacher

Newz Academic
Newz Academic is the 'cool' new magazine for English language Hi Amy,
learners. Tired of reading boring articles about business and poli-
tics? Tired of dull text books and homework that would put you Just come ccross something reolly interesting and
to sleep? Well, teachers and students take note; Newz Academic wontad to show you; ever heord of Newz Acodemic?
is iust the tonic you need! It's this new supplement in the Herold on Sundoy.
Our articles are about things that matter to kids. Want to know
what's in and what's out in this season's fashions? We'll tell you.
Imean, the conlent is just brillionii there's loods of
Want to know the latest scoop on your favorite celebrity? Look
moteriol we could use there. And, trust me,lhere's
no further; we'll find out what they've been up to whether they even r$re online. f signed up for the online services,
want us to or not! Want great comPetitions and prizes; chances ond wos blown owoy when f got my mernbershiP qnd
to win the latest computer games, DVDs and music downloads? logged in. And the real deol-maker is the foct thot
You've come to the right place! oll the content is free - well, thot is opart from one
section, which hoppens to be the seclion thot inter-
But Newz Academic is not just about what's 'cool'; we put the ests us the mosf... But you only hove to poy o one-off
'cool' in 'Scool'. Our magazine aims to help you learn English in a fee of $40 for occess to oll the poid-for content
fun and interactive way. And our website brings another dimen- onywoy, so it's still greot volue.
sion to learning providing you with support material - like video
content - related to the articles you read. We even have a teach- Trust me! You need la loke o look ot this - sign up
ers' corner to help with those dreaded lesson plans. online now ond check out oll the omozing lree stuff.

So what does it cost to subscribe to Newz Academic? Well,

Speak soon,
that's the best bit. lt's absolutely free. Newz Academic is avail-
able as a free supplement with every Sunday edition of the
Herald newspaper. Access to most of the online resources is also Corlo
free, but we do charge a small fee to those looking to use the
section for teachers.

Don't miss out; buy the Herald this Sunday!

304
 E

rE,ld n
a

Questions 131 refers to section A. Question 137-138 refer to section D.

131. What is the purpose of writing this letter? 137. What is meant by the phrase ,check out, on line 2, of the
a. to bdng a talented new writer to the paper,s attention third paragraph?
b. to compliment the work of one of the newspaper,s , . look at
journalists . download
c, to put forward an idea for a weekly educational get
magazine use
d.to suggest some good new resources the editor should
consider taking a look at 138. What can we imply is probably true about Amy?
a. She is a language student.
Questions 132-134 refer to section B. b. She is a language teacher.
132. What does the writer mean when he says c, Carla is her teacher.
'Newz Academic is just the tonic you need'? d. Both she and Carla are studfng a foreign language.
a. Both students and teachers really need Newz Academic.
b.The magazine is a good change from all the other Questions 139-140 refer to two or more sections,
boring material out there. 139. Which terl would appear on the advertising section
c. A free bottle of tonic comes with each edition of the of a magazine?
newspaper. a.D
d. The magazine is just what you need ifyou are b.c
interested in business and politics. c.A
d.B
I33. What NOT mentioned as a feature of Newz Academic?
is
a. gossip and stories about famous people I40. Based on what yourre read, which of the following
b. information about what clothes not to wear statements is true?
c, special reader competitions a.The magazine's online content is immediately available
d. inter,,iews with celebrities to people who visit the website.
b. Before you can see and use the online resources the
134. What do we learn in the fou h paragraph? magazine offers, you have to sign up to become a
a. Online subscribers are only charged a small fee. member of the website,
b. The magazine only costs a small amount. c. All of the online content of Newz Academic is free
c. Some online content is available ftee of charge to students. of charge.
d, Only special online content for teachers costs money. d. Only teachers are allowed access to the magazine,s
online content.
Questions 135-136 refer to section C,
135. What does the writer say in the lirst paragraph?
a, She questions the quality of Newz Academic magazine.
b. She questions both the quality and design of
Newz Academic magazine.
c. She says that Newz Academic is unusual in that it
targets both teachers and students.
d. She says that Newz Academic is one of many resources
of its kind.

136. Who are 'them' referred to on the fourth line

of paragraph 3?
a. all learners
b. kids
c. adult learners
d.the wdters if Newz Academic

ET
 14 D

tI i o: '!. ' Finbarr Carmody

.. .
El! Chief Executive officer, Meldrew Technology
Finbarr Carmody may not be responsible for one of the largest technology firms in the
states, but he is in charge oi possibly the most exciting one; l\4eldrew Technology, a compa-
ny which some analysts are calling'the next Google'- so it may not be too long after
E Staff Memo:
Attention all staff:
all before he is at the head of a giant. Please remember that
there will be a fire drill at
Carmody started out as an intern at Meldrew ten years ago. lt was an unpaid, temporary
11 a.m. tomorrow morning.
position, but he never lelt; he was qu ckly noticed by management who put him on their
When the alarm goes off,
graduate scheme, a paid training program for recent graduates - this was despite the
please Iollow the instruc-
fact that Carmody had graduated four years earlier and had been trekking around the tions of your fire warden,
globe pretty much ever since, with no real industry experience at all under h s belt.
Each department has its
But it proved a shrewd decision. A year into his new job, it had already become clear to own fire warden, who is in
his co-workers that'The Carmody', as he became known, was something very special charge of and responsible
-L
indeed. By the end o{ year two, he had come up with two new products that the compa- for at members of his/her departrnent in
ny had been able to sell on to larger technoiogy flrms for a profit of $2 milion. This the event of an emergency. lf you do not
called for a promotion; Carmody was appointed manager of his department ' Research know the name of yours, you can look
and Development. them up ln the online staff djrectory.
And he proved an inspiration to his team; with n months, all sorts of new products were
Under no circumstances should anyone
being produced and the company was growing at such a fast rate that lt was hard to
remain n the bu lding during the drill.
control. By then it was clear that not only was Carmody a product mar, he was also a
Follow your fire warden's lead out through
born leader and someone who fellow staff looked up to.
the nearest emergency exit and down the
Carmody was elected to the Board 0f Directors before the end of h s th rd year - a fire escape.
record for the company. He then found himself in a situation where he was both the
youngest board member, and, in nearly every case, far less exper enced than the man-
agers he was supposed to be telling what to do.
But Carmody always had a way with people and he soon earned the managers'trust and
respect. He was given more or less total control over the daylo-day running of the
company by year five, and under his stewardship it has gone from strength to strength
ever slnce.
When the CEO'S position became vacant last year, there was only one name the board
were ever going t0 approve to fill the post.

trWell Family Day (June 24th, I p.m.) Attention AII Staff!

folks, it's that time of year again... Ready for some family fun?
Meldrew Technology is pleased to announce
Meldrew Technology would like to invite all its empioyees and their loved
that it is launching an Employee Referral
ones to its annual Family Day. And this year's Family Day promises to he the
Scheme.
biggest and best ever.
There'll be tasty food and drink served all day in the cafeteria. Think party I'm sure most of you will already be familiar
snacks - soft drinks, cakes, tarts, buns, muffins, chocolate, candy ... yrm, yum! witll the concept; basically, we want to
And, so long as the weather doesn't disappoint. we'll also have our legendary encourage existing employees to identi|/
Family Day Barbecue - steak, chicken, burgers, ftankfurters ... deeelicious! potertial candidates for jobs at Meldrew
In the staff leisure center there'll be all sorts of fun and games going on; Technology from their social circles or
extended networks of friends, family and
egg-and-spoon laces, sack-racing, musical chairs, face painting, a treasure
hunt, pass the parcel and so on. There'll be great prizes for the wilners and acquaintances.
littie gifts for all so that no one feels left out.
Ifyou think you know someone who would
For the bigger kids, we'll have sports; a soccer toumament, a basketball free- fit in well here at Meldrew Technology, then
throw competition and a baseball match. All sports events will be held outside, why not encourage them to come forward
weather permitting, otherwise we'll move them in to the leisure center, too. for an interview.
We're also getting lots of special performers to come along and put on a good
show for everyone. There'll be magicians, clowns, musicians and a puppet Provided their intewiew is successful, and
show, and your favorite cartoon characters will all be making an appearance, they pass our strict reference and health
too. Look out for life-sized Disney characters running around causing chaos! checks, they will be offered a job and we will
welcome them to the Meldrew team. If that
And, new tbr this year, we'll have Animal Corner; a place where you can meet
happens, you will then be entitled to a refer-
some wild and wonderful creatures. Hold a giant hairy tarantula in the palm
ral bonus equal to 10% of the new employ-
of vour hand; wrap a python round your shoulders and feel the chills go
ee's salary, provided they mentioned your
through I our body as it slithers over your skin; feed and pet the deer, goats
name as the referee in their initial job
and rabt irs: ride on a beautiful, fairy-tale-white pony.
application.
Ytru s rruldn t miss it ... you couldn't miss it ... see you there!

306
 I

r-E,l dinn
R eadin a

Questions 141-144 refer to section A. 147. What will people who attend the evenl NOT be able
141. What does the phrase 'at the head of a giant' on the last line to do?
of paragraph one mean? a. go on animal rides
a. in charge of a huge company b. play tennis
b. responsible for ruming Google c. Iisten to live music
c. at the front always coming up with new ideas d.watch someone perform some tricks
d. the best at their job

Question 148 refers to section C.

142. What does the text say about when Carmody fust joined 148. What is the main purpose of this text?
Meldrew Intemational? a. to remind staff that they should find out the names
a. He did not eam a salary and was not pemanent. of their fire wardens
b. He joiled the company on a special scheme for graduates. b. to discuss what will be happening at a meeting the
c. He took a four-year break from working at Meldrew to following morning
travel the world. c. to make all staff aware of a safetv test that will take
d. He spent four years on the graduate tmining program the place the next morning
company offered. d. to explain the job of a fire warden and encourage
staff to consider becoming one
143. Which of the following statements about Carmody is NOT
supported by the infomation in the text? Question 149 refers to section D,
a. He is a natural leader and is also very creative. 149. When are employees entitled to claim a referral bonus?
b. He is able to eam the admtation and trust of co-workers- a, if they recommend someone for interview and that
c. When he first became a member of the Board of someone passed the interview
Directom he was still quite young. b. if they are mentioned as a refelee on ajob application
d. He was paid $2 million by a large technology ftm for c. if the person they recommended passes their health
a product he desEned. and reference checks
d. if someone who has just been hired mentioned them
144. What point is the writer making in the very last sentence?
as a referee on their application
a, When the CEO left, there was only one person interested
in the job.
b. Carmody had the fulI support of the Board of Directors
Question 150 refers to sections A, B, C and D.
when he was made CEO.
150. Which sections are addressed to a company's employees?
c. The CEO was fired to enable the Board of Directors to
a,B,CandD
putpe$on they preferred in charge.
a
b.AandB
d. The Board of Directon' job is to approve a new CEO c.A,BandD
when the old one leaves.
d.CandA
Questions 145-147 refer to section B.
145, Which of the following statements is NOT true?
a. The barbecue will take place in the cafeteria.
b. On Family Day, there will also be a soccer toumament
c. The cafeteria will serve a lot of sweet food.
d. The cafeteria will not be serving meat products.

146. What do we learn about the children's activities that will

be going on?
a. If it rains, all spods activities will take place in the
leisure center.
b. Everyone who takes part in competitions will be
offered exactly the same prize.
c. Outdoor sports events are planned to be held for the
younger children.
d. The bigger kids will play against each other in full
games of basketball.

Eil
 riting
Read the following short letter from the advice column of a local newspaper.
Then, do either task A or task B. For task A you will write a letter. For task B you will write an essay. Do only ONE
of these tasks. Your writing will be graded on how fluently and clearly you can exPress your ideas in English.

s You will have 30 m rutes to write

your letter or essay.
q You may make an outline or notes in
yolr test booklet if you wish, but your
outline will not count toward your scole.
s You will not be graded on the
appearance of your paper, but your L
handwriting must be readable. Y0u may
change or correcl your writing, but you
should not recopV the whole essay.
q Use your own words as mlch as
possible. Do not copy a iot from the
article given below.

JI ews university and study either engineering or physics.

The Los Angeles Post I have thought about becoming an astronaut. I
Advice Column have won severul math and science a atds in
high school, and all of my teachers have encour-
lbed A&ice? WriE to Ann,ilre will orcwer aqed me to pursue q career in this field.
your lel'ters in her fuice column. They think thot t might even be able to get a
scholar ship. At the same time, I don't want to
Dear Ann, let my parents down. I am an only child, so
there is nobody but me to continue the family
W porcnts want me to begin to run the business. I am torn beween fiy parents and
family business, a hotel, after I graduate
my true passion.
from high school. I don't think thqt t am cut
out for this type of work, Furthermote, I
am very interested in math and science. I "caught in the Middle"
want to go to

A lL-ette*
Ann has asked her readers to write, giving suggestions and advice
Write a letter to "Caught in the Middle".

Give him/her your suggestions and advice.

B €ssay
Most parents have plans for their children's future without thinking about what
their children may want to do. Who should have the final say in deciding this matter?

Give examples from your own or friends' experiences to support your opinion

E
qrrrf
it in rl
W riti n a

: PoINTS THAT cAN BE INCI.UDED:

.....'...'...'.'...:i Task A: ModelLetter
D family traditions D"o,, 'Ca"el\t " +he Mtddl"',
y""./" th. ""iy difft."h
I
do as one's parents wish "l,vi""sly
you a.e +orh berween d6ihg whar you wohr ro .lo ah.l
posi+ion as

0 make your own decisions in life

D discuss the problem calmly 'rhat yo", p..."r. ha"e p1.""".1 f." y""/ f"r".".
l,tnforr(ha+ely, rhts is a.oh1h1oh plot,teh rhdi
D gain supporl lrom your teachers .ff".+. hahy p."pl" ."d rh.." is,ro eqsy onswer.
D follow your dream Obvio"sly, yok do ho+ u,dhr to le+ y.ar pa.eh+s dowh
o"J b"i"s." only chil.l mal<es rhe slrhai oh eveh h1o.e
p".tl.*.+ic. c)h the orher hah.l, if y"" .4d.ifi.. y""/
"l.eohls ro pl..s" y",,. p6.enl s? yoq hay .eg/e+ it f-l
rhe..sr "f y"q, ltfe,
Useful Vocabularg yoL, have al.eddy p..ved rhar you are ralehred a^d
inherit, pass down (from generation to generation) ho/.1*o,Lihs wh." r cd,nes ro ohcl sci"".e. Jr
"1a+h
,.rqhr 1," . good ided ro ralk +o yoal rea.hers io see
keep sth in the family / family loyalty
if +h.y.." help y." by relling you. pa/e^}s +har yoq
live up to sb's expectations
."',1",,1 have a,:."d f"+""" acaJehically. you coutd
be your own person /
go your own way
.1." +"y i.lLl"g .I" yoar pareh+s r" ler +h",1 k"o!" h"w
have a heart to heart lserious and honest talk with sb) passionare yoq d.. ol,o"r 9"i'.g r" ,,"i"e"siiy,
\dh.te"e. y." d., d."'t l.s. y"q" c."l ."d i+
"..k.
clear +o your paren+s ihar yoq tove rheh ahd do^,i
wahi 1o .lsappolht +h.h, l,"t rh.r y""
rh" .h^"ce i" tealize y.u
".
Task B: ModerEssay
L i. nalnrel lhaL ?are.io have ?lana far f-heir
ch )arcn'a fnLure. They \r/anL lhetr to let a qaod
e^ucal:)or ani then have a qaoA ioo wir"h e deaay
)rcafie a.a .ecurily. 7rablefi9 a(i.e. howevet. if
lher ch))dren ha'/e Aiflere.I plano lor lheir own
lulure.
To glafi \n/iNh, p'arenlg rveoL a )ar4e amourtl of
Lfie and morey in Ll)eir ch )arcn, they ?ay lat extra
)eeeons atd provide food. a home. dathinq. arld ao There are a number of things that you
an tat rp lo lvtenLy yeara. lt e unaeratanaable
should remember in the writing paper, that
Lhal lhey ha?e lher children vt))1 a?prcciate Lheir
eflata and ?araue a career the ?arenL. approve of. will help you cluring the exam. Remember
An Lhe olher hani. I Lhink )L lb a huqe fiiot ake that you have a time limit of one hour ancl
lor parerie lo ino.t, ori a to've lhe t childrer fiay thirty minutes. Actually, this is plenty of
nal wati.. fhere )9 rloLhlnT warge Lhart havinq No Aa time to write one composition but clon't
ane job v/hen yan would rethet Ao arother. lf ch))-
spend too much time getting stucl(' on
Aren qive in Lo iheir ?arcnlg' \\/ she. lngleaa af
AainA whal: Lhey Lhefigelvea v/anL. lhere )o bauna la
something. If you clo, leave a space, move
be reaenf,rnenl ana aiea4reefienL. F ereonaly. ) an on ancl come back to the part where you
'/ety forLunaLe becauee my father hae al',^/ay9 ta)a had a problem. Don't mix formal and infor-
ne lo Aa v/hal feel )b riqht for ne. ) tdnk mal language. Decide from the beginning
becatoe he .?ant eeverd yeare doin4 a jab he dA- which is appropriate. Don't wasre time writ,
n'lt )1.e.
n conclue on, )n rny o?in on il ie ,lery fi?aianL
ing adclresses. You will not lose marl<s if
lor parente Lo redze lthey neea ta )ea'te lheir ch, you write them, but they are unnecessary.
aten free Lo rnake plaris for Lhe fulve. Ao ?arenLe Finally, try not to lifi" too much language
lhey ehou a qiva a4vice ani ou?pofi. brt )eN the:)r from the question paper. Try to rephrase
ch:t Aren )ive thei o\\/n veo. things as much as possible.

q
 test 14
riting
Read the following news article about school name tags' Then, do either task A or task B' For task A you
will write a letter. For task B you will write an essay. Do only ONE of these tasks. Your writing will be graded on
how fluently and clearly you can express your ideas in English.

NEWS
School Name Tags
Recently, Great Brook Middle School began requiring students to wear name tags lor the duration 0f the
school day. Their reasons for this were simple: more control. "Having name tags makes the students easier
to identif,," said Principal Leonard Nanacelli, "It is really for everyone's safery. We don't want people in
the school who don't belong there,"
Many students are upset with this decision. Cindy Arnold, a 7th grader, said she feels like her freedom is
being taken away. "I don't want to spend all day with an ugly name tag around my neck. Everyone knows
everyone elsel It isn't necessary." Cindy said.

A. l""ettei" Paragraphs D Points

o (letter)
Write a letter to the editor of the newspaper stating
how you feel about name tats at school. Do you -Make a general statement about
Paragraph
think they are helpful or unnecessary? Be sure to I
how you feel about this issue. What
give support for your reasons. is your opinion? Which side do you
intrcduction that
agree with? Why did you decide to
indicotes topic ond
write this letter to the editor?
tion
-Explain why you think students
Main Bodv
should or should not wear name
Paragraph 2 (&3)
tags. Look at the arguments made
for and against name tags in the arti-
Moin points and orgument
cle to give you ideas.
-Conclude with a statement sum-
Conclusion
ming up how you feel and which
Last Paragraph
position you agree with.

B. Essay Paragraphs D Points (essay)

Write an essay explaining how you feel about lntroduction:
name tags or uniforms in schools. Do you think Paragraph I -Make a general statement about how
they help make schools safer, more organized you feel about name tags in school,
places or do you feel they serve no purpose? An intrcduction thot indicotes Do you feel they are necessary?
Be sure to include any personal experience you topic and position.
may have.
-Explain the reasons why you do or
Main Bodv do not think students should wear
Paragraph 2 (&3) name tags in school. What things
af{ect your decision? What information
Moin points ond orgument in the prompt do you agree or
disagree with?

l-Conclude
with a sratement summing
Conclusion
lup how you feel and which position
Last Paragraph
lyou agree with.

310
 * .s;
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HOW TO LOSE WEIGHT

Stage I
t"
o What is your name?
t
o llow old are you? i
. Where are you from?
o What do you like to do for entertainment? E
o What hobbies do you have?
r Where did you grow up?
. Have you ever been to an English-speaking country?
-
Stage 2
Situation: You want to lose some weight and have to choose how you're
going to do it.

First: You should look at the pictures below and ask

o What are the options?
. What is the advantage to each optjon?
o to txD {ht
I
What is the disadvantage each option?

Stage 3
Then: When you have all the information you need, explain what you've decid-
ed. Be ready to explain your choice. Remember
from asking questions to explaln your final choice.

Stage 4
to use information yolt learned

after you have shared your decision, you will be asked more questions
Finally,
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ln this port ol lhe tesl, you will heor four short tolks. Atter eoch tolk, you wlll heor some queslions obout it.
Before eoch tolk begins, you will hove time to preview lhe questions thol ore prinled in the test booklet.
. Reod the questions silenlly.
. Then listen to the tolk. You con toke nofes in the booklet.
. Then listen lo eoch qusstion ond choose the best onswer from the onswer choices.
. ,'iork your onswers on lhe seporote onswer sheet. you should mork A, B, C, or D.
There ore o totol of 20 questions obout the four short tolks.
Questions 3l -36
Look ol lhe questions. Then lislen to o lecture in
o Nolurol Science closs.

31. How has the coyote adapted to life around humans?

a. Like most medium-10-large-sized animals, jt has struggled.
b. It has been badly atfected by extensive hunting.
c. lt has expanded ils range of territory.
d. lt now only inhabits the western half of North America.

32. Where do coyotes seem to be found in large numbers?

a. in the outskirts of cities
b. in seaside areas
c. in the western half ol Nothern America
d. in areas away from human populations

33. Why are coyole attacks on humans increasing?

a. Coyotes are naturally aggressive.
b. Coyotes view humans as prey.
c. Humans are encouraging coyotes by feeding them.
d. Coyotes do not have a natural fear of humans.

34. Whjch group of people is most at risk from an attack by coyotes?

a. joggers
b. cyclists
c. people walking dogs
d. children

35. What etfect is the coyote having on larm animals?

a. lt is responsjble for 224,000 sheep attacks each year.
b. tt rarely preys on farm animals.
c. lt kills around 90,000 farm animals each year.
d. tt is responsible for t\ro{hirds 0f sheep deaths caused by attack.

36. What are farmers doing that is proving effective against coyotes?
a. hunling down around 90,000 each year
b. using guard dogs to protect farm animals
c. using dogs to hunt coyotes down and killthem
d. guarding their animals at night

NOTES

w
 t: IY

test 1 5
istening Port 7
Questions 37-41 Queslions 42-46
Look ot the questions. Then list€n lo o lecture oboul Look ot the queslions. Then listen to o leclure ln on
high school groduotion troditions in dilferent countries. Aviotion course.
37. How is celebrating high school graduation in lreland
42. At whal point did the plane meet the flock of birds?
differenl lrom the US?
a. Alcohol can legally be served to US high school a. at 15,000 feet high

studenls aged 18 or more.

b. at 3:25 p.m.

b. lreland has more strict rules on alcohol. c. at just above 3,000 fesl hiqh

c.
I\4any graduating high school students in lreland
d. aboul lwo minutes after take off

are legally old enough to drink.

43. What happened when the engines failed?
d. People in the US do not drink as much as lrish people.
a. The plane jell by 1,650 feet.
38. Why do British and lrish people not reler to their b. The windscreen went on fire.
graduation celebrations as'proms'? c. They started lo smoke.
a. The word 'prom' has a different meaning in this d. The air outside turned a dark-brown color.
part of the wodd.
b. They don't like to use American words. 44. Why did the pilot not try to land at Teterboro Airpon?
c. They don't like to be inlluenced by what a, He was denied permissiol to.
Americans do. b. He couldn't radio air tratfic control.
d. They prefer the term 'School Formal'. c. He couldn't make it that far.
d. The smoke was atfecting his vision so the Hudson
39. What effect have American television shows had? was a saler softlanding option.
a. They have made the word'prom'more popular
in Britain and lreland. 45. Whal was lhe temperature of the water outside when the
b. They have helped people to understand the passengers had to evacuate the plane?
correct meaning of the word 'prom'. a. -2 degrees Celsius
c. They have introduced Americans to the British b- just above freezing
and lrish terms for'Prom'. c. -7 degrees Celsius
d. They have caused the meaning ol the word 'prom' d. 7 degrees Celsius
to change.
46. Why was the pilot called a hero?
40. What is unusual about the South Alrican graduation celebration? a. There were just two fatalities.
a. Parents are invited along. b. The 156 passengers aboard survived.
b. South Africa is the only African country to have c. There were no injuries sustained by passengers
a celebration similar to a Prom. 0r crew.
c, Teachers are allowed to come to the celebration. d. Allthe passengers and crew were rescued successrully.
d. ll is a parent-free zone.
41. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Koreans always had a traditional form of graduation
celebration.
b. A paft of the tradition in Pakistan is similar t0
somethinq Americans do during prom nighl.
c. lndia and Nepal have adopted the American-style prom
d. ln Japan students are gjven rewards and souvenirs
for graduating.

NOTES NOTES

E
 .;.

Iisten inU
Dort
a' .i

2 ,1

a:,! ;,
L
Ouestions 47-5O
Look ot the questions. Then listen to o lecture on
using Photoshop softwore.

47. What is the main drawback of the Rectangular lvarquee T0ol?

a. lt can 0nly select rectangular shapes, not squares.
b. lt is only suitable Ior perfectly rectangular or square shapes
c. lt cannot select perfect square shapes accurately.
d. lt can only select one shape at a time.

48. When would you use the 0uick Selection Tool?

a. lf you weren't t00 worried aboul accuracy
b. lf you wanted to be able to change the size of
the selection area
c. ll there is one area 0f unique color on an image
that you want to selecl
d. lf you want to make a Jreehand selection

49. What is NOT true about the Lasso Tool?

a. lt only works well with special equipment.
b. lt can be used accurately with your mouse.
c. lt is a way of drawing the whole selection
area by hand.
d. lt is a very accurate selection method.

50. What does the speaker mean when n, ,rrr, {)

a. There is doubl about the accuracy of these two tools,
b. Although these two tools take a lot 0f time to use,
they are very precise.
c. 11 takes a lot 0f time to get good at using these

lwo tools,
d. These tools are delinitely the most accurate and
the quickest to use.

NOTES

E
 I
.t it,
,UA
test 1 5
rammar
51. 'Did you all go in the same car?' 57. 'It is said that new taxes 62. 'Did they plead guilty at court?'
'Yes ........... of us.' will be introduced.' 'They did ........... declare their
a each one '..,........, there will be a public innocence.'
b everyone outcry.' a other than
c every one alfso b anything but
d everywhere b Supposing c nothing but
c Even so d except for
52. 'I'11 speak to him straight from d In case
the shoulder.' 63. 'Did the manager promise you
'You.........,. . He's much stronger 58. 'Would you like to go home a raise?'
than you.' now?' 'Yes, he committed himself to
a had better not 'I ........... as well; my work is ........... some time ago.'
b would better not done.' ait
c had rather not a might b them
d better had not b should c him
c could d myself
53, 'Would you like to dine out with d had to
me tonight?' 64. Mr. Peters had been with us for
'I would ........... .' 59. I was ........... by now, but all ten years and ........... the firm
a like so candidates are apparently asked displeased us all.
b love you to too many questions. a quitting
c love to a to examine b his quitting
d not like b to be examined c for quitting
c to being examined d having been quit
54. 'Did you go for an outing d to have been examined
yesterday?' 65. 'My daughter got top marks in
'Oh, no! It was ........... dreadful 60. 'I hear her party was not much all her subjects.'
weather.' of a success.' 'I can't say the same for mine,
aso 'Yes, there were ........... people
b such there.' a though
c such a a so few b neither
dsoa bsoafew c either
c such a few d also
55. We had a narow escape. d such few
If Jack had been driving 66. Jack asked Beth if she . .... on
any faster, we ........... . 61. He might be a bit slow on the leaving early.
a would be killed job, but I'm sure he's trying to do a plans
b could have killed the best he ........... . b is planning
c must have been killed a would c was planning
d might have been killed b will d will plan
c car
56. 'Shallwe go out?' d should 67. 'Is this the book you're looking
'.,..,...... it rains, of course.' for?'
a Provided 'Yes, that........... the one.'
bIf a was
c Unless b has been
d So long as c must be
d must have been

E
.,1 ,1il] ffi
g ralnmar
68. 'Which of these boys stole the 74. 'Mr. Drake hasjust handed in his 80, 'Did Sally do her homework?,
school drum?' resignation.' 'It's a pity that he 'No, she went out with friends
'The one ....,.... has just gone out., ........... do a thing like that.,
a whom a would a in spite of
b which b might b although
c whose c should c instead
d that d ought d instead of

69. 'Did you take thejob, h the end?, 75. 'This machine won't start., 81. Becoming a doctor would have
' .......... my regret, my application 'Well, if it doesn't work, meant ........... for more than ten
was turned down.' ........... it a kick., years.
aTo a try to give a train
b For b try giving b to train
cIn c you tried to give c to training
dAt d you rried giving d training

70. Samantha hadn't studied very 76. 'Dad, can I borrow your car 82. One in ten candidates passed
hard ........... she did quite well for the day?' the exam. It ........... dreadfully
in her finals. '.......... you did to it the last time., difficult.
a so still a Not after a shouldn't have been
b and yet b No, after what b may fave been
c as yet c Not after what c can't have been
d so that d No. after all d must have been

71. 'There is no ham left in the 77. 'Did you manage to see her?, 83. The Prime Minister refused to
fridge.' 'No, she had left....... we arrived., make a statement as...,....... the
'I know. Joe ate what ham a ago new bill.
........... left., b before a reference with
a there was c earlier b regards
b it was d previously c respect for
c that was
d concern to
d was there 78. He is said ........... his first wife
a to have killed 84. 'Jane was out with Dr. Clark,s
72. 'Do you think there is life b that he has killed son.'
on Mam?' c he killed 'Who did you say ...........?'
'For........... life, there must be air d to kilt a she was out
and water.'
b she was out with
a being any 79, 'My parents are checking up on c was she out
b there to be me all the time.' d was she out with
c in order to be ' ........... only because they care
d there is about you,' 85. 'How far is your house from the
a It,s nearest train station?'
73. Who........... for the increase b There,s 'It's about .......-... .'
in criminality? cIf a a five-minute walk
a should blame d They aren't b a five minutes walk
b should put the blame
c five minutes of walk
c is to be blamed
d a live minutes'walk
d is to blame

w
 t
''l lI

ocabulary
86. This is not an easy problem to _ . 95. Further information can be Irom our head office.
a. handle a, obtained
b. deal b. suggested
c. cope c. succeeded
d. make d. occurred

87. ln the latter half of the 20th century, the quality of the 96. IMatilda goes ___ tall, handsome men
environment in which we live has become a vital a. down wilh
a. discussion b. off
b. relation c. for
c. element d. though
d. issue
97. Ivlany wild species run the danger of being driven
88. The undesired visitor our evening, to
a. damaged a. countryside
b. spoilt b. extinction
c. harmed c. rarity
d" destroyed d. protection

89. They worked with great _ to finish the project. 98. Steve is a dependable man. He never his promises.
a. seal a. goes back to
b. zeal b. goes in for
c. deal c. goes back on
d" appeal d. goes down with

90. The farmer was by the heavy city traffic

gg. The roses in our garden
_ after the severe frost.
a. concerned a. shrank
b. embarrassed b. withered
c. bewildered c. spoilt
d. crowded d, impaired

91. Tim asked Mary out but she _ his invitation. 100. They claimed the insecticides did not human life
a. accepted a. proclaim
b" agreed b. decrease
c. declined c. endanger
d. denied d. enrich

92. 'Why are you late for work, Mr. Jones?' 'Sorry, my 101. The new government claimed to be able t0
alarm clock didn t go this morning. _ the lives oi millions of people.
a. for a. remain
b. on b. translorm
c. t0 c. transfer
d. off d. transplant

93. The children loved the old castle 102. Don't despair and don't lose in yoursell
a. discovering a. confidence
b. exploring b. estimate
c. hunting c. control
d. detecting d. responsibility

94. Teddy is eager t0 succeed jn life; he's 103. Greenpeace has established various nature
a. ambitious all over the world.
b. modest a. protections
c. confused b. reservoirs
d. c. preserves

E
depressed
d. resorts
',/fit-,lhU l,1r I

activities
v ocabular
104. His
a. extremely
led him into the hands ofthe police 113. I think you should take the
your boss for a raise.
_ and ask

b. eventually a. initiative
c. incredibly b. step
d. precisely c. power
d. measure
105. He got so angry that he lound it hard to keep his
a. characler
_
114. All the pipes and containers lor storing water need
b. mood replacing, lthink it's high time we called a
c. temper a. thatcher
d. disposition b. peddler
c. plumber
106. She took the blouse back to the shop as it d. potter
the first time she washed it.
a. c0ntracted 115. Unfortunately, he doesn't practice what he
b. withered a. preaches
c. dwindled b. pleases
d. shrank c. praises
d. predjcts
107. She came home walking on ; her foot was still
in a cast.
a. supp0rts
116. The accident _
while passengers were waiting to
board the plane.
b. crutches a. was happened
c. aids b. existed
d. wheels c. occuned
d. was made
108. The land was dry, mountainous and
a. arid 117. He is a famous novelist and _ .

b" fenile a. mortician

c. moist b" playwright
d. salty c. carpenter
d. locksmith
109. The American col0nies _ their independence in 1776.
a. exclaimed 118. The captain studied the enemy position through his
b. processed a. tongs
c. proclaimed b. archives
d. produced c. brains
d. binoculars
110. High youth unemployment _ highly to social unrest.
a. contributes 119. We shouldn't the ecological balance of nature.
b. continues a. disturb
c. attributes b. bolher
d. demonstrates c. annoy
d. irritate
111. lt didn't take me long to what was going on.
a. get 120. To his field he uses a windmill which powers
b. catch a small pump.
c. take a. fenilize
d. grasp b. irrigate
c. renovate
112. Why don't you go in lor music? d. concentrate
It can your whole life.
a. enlarge
b. enrich
c_ ensure
d.
E
endanger
 'ji
tT

a
a
R

This passage is about the United States Senate.

The United States Senate

The United States 121. According to the context, what does "bicameral" mean?
Senate is the upper a. superior
house of the b. two parts
bicameral United
c. one part
States Congress,
d. inferior
the lower house
being the House of
Representatives 122. Since there are 100 senators, how many states
(the United States are represented?
Constitution does a. 100
not use these
b.25
terms, however).
c.50
ln the Senate, each state is represented by two mem- d. 51
bers. Membership is therefore based on the equal
representation of each state, regardless of popula- 123. How often are senate elections held?
tion, for a total membership of 100. Senators serve a. every 6 years
six-year terms that are staggered, so elections are b. every 4 years
held for a third of the seats (a class) every second
c, every 3 years
year.
d, every 2 years
The Senate is regarded as a more deliberative body
than the House of Representatives; the Senate is 124. What is a difference between the House of
smaller and its members serve longer terms, allow- Representatives and the Senate?
ing for a more collegial and less partisan atmosphere a. The House is smaller.
that is somewhat more insulated from public opinion b. The Senate is more shielded from public opinion.
than the House.
c. The House is Iess partisan.

Article One of the Constitution states that each state d. Senators have shorter terms than House members.
is entitled to two senators. Originally, each state leg-
islature selected their senators; but since the ratifica- 125. How were national senators originally selected?
tion of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1 91 3 sena- a. by the people
tors have been directly elected. The Constitution fur- b, by the state government
ther stipulates that no constitutional amendment
c. by the national House of Representatives
may deprive a state of its equal suffrage, regardtess
d. by peers in the Senate
of population, in the Senate without the consent of
the state concerned. The District of Columbia and
territories are not entitled to any representation.

EXAM TIPS & STRATEGIES

Jn rhe Reading sec+ion you will h.". +. ."ad a ^"rlt,e. .f p..s.g.s ln o li,nited
a,"."^+ "f time. Jn or^der +o pteparc f .r +h. .xo,-, you need +o l,"ild .,^ y"",^
rcadi^s llue cy (".
".r"*.1 skills). Thi. '.,ilT
.".1,1. you ro read iaore .laiclly in +he
exam a^d imptove yout c.mprehension skills. you will s+ar+ +o f"c"= '".,^e ." wh.t
y." ","d."s+.,.d +han .n +he r.,ords +h.r y." d. no+ qnders+and yoq wrll +hen
guickly get the gist of +h.e passase.nd 1,. al,le +. pick ap on +he main poinls
324
 iF
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This passage is about Vancouver lsland.
R eadin a

Vancouver lsland
Vancouver lsland is home to 126. Which of the following statements is true?
the capital of the British Columbia a. Vancouver city is the capital of British Columbia.
region of Canada, the city of
b. Victoda city is the capital of Canada.
Victoria, which has a population of
c. The population of Vancouver Island is
roughly 345,000 people - about
half the island's total population. approximately 345,000 people.
It about 460 kilometers long and
is d. The city of Victoria has a population of
80 wide at its widest point. The island is not to be confused 345,000 people.
with the city of the same name; the city of Vancouver is locat-
ed on the mainland of British Columbia. 127, In which region(s) of Vancouver Island are
Much of the island's landscape is dominated by temperate
the tallest trees likely to be located?
rainforest, with the southern and eastern portion home to
a. southern and eastern parts
many types of fir, cedar, oak and madrone trees. This region is
also the most densely populated. The northern and western
b. only in the eastem part of the island

areas of the island are known for their so-called coniferous c. central, southern and eastem parts
'big trees' - including some of the largest species of spruces, d. central, western and northem parts
pines and firs - as is much of the island's central area.
The island's fauna is not terribly dissimilar to that found on 128. What does the writer say about the animals that live
the mainland. However, there is a noticeable absence of griz-
on Vancouver Island?
zly bears, mountain goats, coyotes and skunk. The island
a, A lot of grizzly bears, mountain goats, coyotes
supports two species which are unique to it, namely the
Vancouyer lsland lYarmot and the Vancouver lsland Wolf. lt and skunks are lound there.
is
also home to the vast majority of Canada's population of b. The island has two species ofwolf unique to it.
Roosevelt elks. c. Most of Canada's Roosevelt elk are found there.
The island's rivers, lakes and coastal regions are particularly d. The variety of animals living on the island is
well-known for their abundance of fish such as trout and very different to that on the mainland.
salmon, and, indeed, this largely explains why fishing plays a
significant role in the lives of many islanders. The island js also
129. What is the island renowned for?
known to have the largest concentration of cougars in all of
North America. a. its large fishing industry

With such an abundance of wildli{e and natural habitats, it b. the plentiful numbers of fish in its waters
is no wonder that eco-tourism and adventure tourism c. the scarciq/ of cougars there
account for a significant part of overall revenue generated d. the large size of the cougars in the park
from the tourist trade. Apart from the animals and landscape,
visitors are also attracted by the adventure activities on offer,
130, What is NOT mentioned as attracting visitors
such as sport lishing, scuba diving, skiing and so on.
to the island?
a. the wildlife and natural beauty
b. water-sport activities
c. its fish produce
d. winter-sport activities

Eil
 i

1
t
0 E Part 3 t,,
tr To:
From:

Dear Editor,
[email protected]
[email protected] fa
IJ tditoriat: Ttg,er wootis - give lhe guy a break
Look, no one is condoning what Tiger Woods did in his personal life, but
that is not our business anyway. The public must judge Tiger Woods
only on what he has achieved as a sportsman, and, more importantly,
In an article published in yesterday's sports section,
one of your journalists described Rory Mcllroy as the
-
as a professional golfer and as one of these, he simply has no equal.
greatest golfer of all time. Really? At 23 years old The truth is golf owes Tiger Woods a huge debt of gratitude. His super-
having won just the one major - you've got to be kid- human efforts on the course, the excitement he brought to the game,
ding me, right? hls domination and his brilliance, drew new fans to the sport, attracted
huge galleries at competitions, and, perhaps most signlficantly of a I for
Tiger Woods has 14 majors and Jack Nicklaus, four
the game, injected vast amounts of money into golf in general. Sponsors
more again. These two have had years of success.
were getting in line just to have the chance to be associated with golf
They dominated the game at their peak. We can
and Tiger Woods.
debate about which of these two is the greatest perhaps,
but Mclhoy doesn't even come into the convemation.
t is because of Tiger that the game is as big as it has become today.
The young lad might be a very talented golfer with a All the professionals playing on tour each week for winner's checks of
lot of potential, but he has only won one major tour- millions of dollars have Tiger t0 thank for this. A1 those young fans and
nament. Let's at least wait until he's been playing as a players that turn up to support them - guess what? - yep; they were
professional for a few more years before we start call- inspired by Tiger, too, lt's all down to Tiger Woods.
ing him 'the geatest'.
Say what you like about the man; he has broken all records on the golf
Titles like that have to be earned.
That was some terrible reporting and commentary by
-
course and played the most brilliant golf ever seen this, no one can
deny. To those who go around calling young Rory l\,4cllroy, who's won
Jack Dunrange yesterday - is he supposed to be your just the one major, the most talented golfer ever, my response is sim-
paper's golf expert? ple; there is only one Tiger Woods. Rory is a great young golfer and it's

Yours, not his fault what people say about him, but to those who kick the
Tiger now just because he is down on his luck, renrember: be wary of
Someone who actually knows about golf... rhe wounded tiger... Woods will roa'again.

tr Alegend
Without a doubt already the greatest golfer of his or any Senera-
Duckleworth Golf
tion, Rory Mcllroy was destined for stardom from a young age.
and Country Club
He hit his first 4o-yard drive when he was iust two years old. Established on May 1st, 1860, Duckleworth C&C is
While only a young teen, he won the West of lreland home to one of America's oldest golf courses, the
Championship - a tournament in which exPerienced amateur West Course.
golfers competed. At iust l6.years ofage, he played in his first
pro tournament, the British Masters. ln 2006, he won the
Our clubhouse was built in 1912, and was completely
European Amateur Championship, and, then, along came 2007...
rebuilt to the highest specifications in 2006, after a
Mcllroy became the Amateur Golf world number one, but it was freak tornado flattened the original building in
his performances in professional tournaments that really started to
December of the previous year.
make people stand up and pay attention. At age l7 he made the
cut in a professional tournament for the first time - at one of the
biggest European Tour events no less; the Dubai Desert Classic. Duckleworth also has its own Col{ Shop and resident
And just a few months later, having barely turned 18, he was golf professional, Tom Wood. Tom has been the pro-
among the first-round leaders at the British Open, one of golf's 4 fessional here for 25 years and is known as one of the
Major tournaments, and only his second professional tournament.
best coaches in the game. Tom offers free lessons to
At the end of 2007, he turned pro and came runner-up in only members of the club and charges fifty dollars per half-
his second tournament as a professional. ln 2009, he won his first hour to non-members.
European tour event, also the Dubai Desert Classic. Then, early
the next year, he became one of only four golfers ever to win an
American Tour event as a 2l -year-old. At present, Duckleworth is inviting applications for
membership. lf you are interested in joining the club,
One year on, at the 201 I U.S. Open, in one ofthe most one-
please fill in the enclosed form and send it back to us
sided competitions in tour history Mcllroy won his first Major by
a massive eight strokes. He was just 22 years old at the time. By in the pre-paid envelope provided.
March 201 2, he had become the number one professional golfer
in the world. Details of the different membership types available
are outlined in the club brochure which you will also
Can there be any doubt that this is the most talented golfer there
has ever been? find enclosed.

326
f E,3tJ i n
ffi

Questions 131 ref€rs to section .d 136. What does the \ Triter say about Rory Mcllroy?
131. What point is the writer trying to make? a. He is the most talented golfer since Tiger.
a. Jack Nicklaus is the number one golfer ever, b. He is at fault for trying to make people believe
followed by Tiger Woods. he is better thar Tiger.
b. Rory Mcllroy will never be as good as either c. While he is a talented golfer, he cannot compare to
Nicklaus or Woods. Tiger.
c, Jack Dunrange's claim about Rory Mcllroy d. He does not think Rory should have tried to find
is misguided and untrue. fault with Tiger.
d. We will only learn in time whether Woods
and Nicklaus can beat McIIroy. Question 137.138 refer to s€ction D.
137, What is the main purpose of this passage?
Questions 132.134 refer to section B. a. to advertise the fact that Duckleworth G&C has an
132. What do we leam about Mcllroy in the second paragraph? excellent golf shop
a. He won a professional tournament called the West of b. to describe the facilities of Duckleworth G&C
Ireland Championship as a young teen. c. to provide a brief history of Duckleworth G&C
b. He was 16 yea$ of age when he became a professional- d. to encourage people to apply to become members of
c. His first amateur win came in the year 2006. Duckleworth G&C
d. He played in a tournamett for professional golfers
when he was just 16. 138. What is true about the club's professional?
a. He is 25 years old.
133. Why did people really start to notice Rory Mcllroy, b. He is 25 years working as a professional.
in 2007? c, He offers lessons to club members for free.
a, He won one of the Major toumaments. d. He offers half-hourJong lessons only.
b. He performed very well in amateur competitiol.
c. He tumed professional that year. Questions 139-140 refer to two or more sections.
d. For a young amateur, he performed very well in 139. Which of the texts were DEFINITELY sent to someone
professional tournaments. by post?
a..A'BandD
134. Which of the following statements is NOT true? b.A.BardC
a. Mcllroy won the European Amateur Championship c,AandD
in 2006. d.D
b. Mclllroy started well in his second ever tournament
playing as a professional. 140. In which texts does the wdter state clearlv who he thinks
e. Mcllroy won his fi$t major toumament in 2011. the best golfer ever is?
d. Only four other golfers have ever won an American a.A,BandC
tour event aged 21, b.AandC
c.A
Questions 135-136 refer to section C. d.BandC
135. What main point is the wdter making in the first
and second paragraphs?
a. Tiger Woods did a huge amount for golf and his pdvate
life is none of our business.
b. The public should judge Tiger Woods as a professional
golfer and based on how he acts in his personal life.
c. A lot of people made money out of Tiger Woods's
great golfing displays.
d, Tiger Woods made a huge amount of money from
sponsorships because of his golf performances.

w
 ! irY
'ir

D
rt t
A
Located at
The New York Stock Exchange
11 Wall Street, Lower
EI To:
From:
l\4r. Hardy <[email protected]>
Jeff Bloomsberg
Subject: Facebook Public offering
l\4anhattan, in New York City, in a
building that has been designated a Dear lVIr. Hardy,
national historic landmark, the New With regards to your query about whether or not to bL.ry Facebook shares
York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is by in the inita public offerng, here is my professional anaysls of the situa-
far the world's largest facility oJ its tion as your finafcia advisor,
kind. $ First of all, we need to consider several factors:
Every day approximately S153 billion
is traded on the exchange, and the total value of all o With the price per share set at S38, this values Facebook at 5104
companies listed on it is a massive S14 trillion. billion. No company in the history of trading has had an initial valuation
The most valuable company on the NYSE is Apple lnc., this hleh.

which is worth 5550 billion. For a long time prior to the

. While Facebook has rnany users - -
more thaf 900 million it is a
social network flrst and a business second. lt has only recently started
end of 2011 when Apple finally claimed it, Exxon (now the
to try to make money out of its services and it ls not c ear how
second-most-valuable company) had 'owned' the top successful this effort is going to be.
spot. Exxon is now valued at 5340 billion. o Ad revenue is the main area Facebo0k hopes to make money from, but
l\4icrosolt is the next-biggest US company, valued at the problem is research shows that very few users actually click 0n or
5202 billion. lt is followed by lBl\4 and Google, valued at look at ads which appear on their pages. Unless Facebook finds a way
S194 and S180 billion dollars respectively. to attract more users to its ads section, advertisers may stop paying
It is interesting t0 note how the topjive list of compa- to market their products on the site. Then Facebook wOuld need to
nies is dominated by technology firms.0nly Exxon, an oil find a whole new way of making money,
and gas corporation, is not involved in that sector, Also
o A lot of Facebook's users are mobile users; this means they use their
cell phones to access their Facebook accounts more often than their
of particular interest is the perforrnance of internet giant
computers. The problem with this is that Facebook has not figured out
Google, the newest company in the top five. Google's
a way to promote ads on cell phones yet. Unless this issue is resolved,
value has risen at a very fast rate. ln September 2004 it
Facebook could lose a lot of potential advertising revenue.
was worth only S30 billion compared to today's value
which is approximately six times higher. Taking the above points into account, I believe that a lot is still unknown
The other success story is, of course, Apple. Although about Facebook's business potential, and, bearing this in mind, lthlnk that,
at the value shares will sell for on the opening day of trading, the compa-
Apple has been in existence much longer than Google,
ny is overpriced.
back in 2042 the company was in real trouble. lt was
valued at just 56 billion dollars. ln ten years, Apple has I see Facebook shares rising initially because of exctement about the
product, before they fall dramatically as the market realizes not a lot is
ef{ectively risen in value by 9000%. This kind of gain was
previously unheard of, known yet about how successful the Facebook bus ness model can be.
I think the shares will fall back in va ue from pretty early on rn trading -
perhaps even towards the end of the first day. And I think they will contin-
1929 Wall Street Crash ue to fall for some weeks until the value of the firm reaches a more real
istic flgure.
A market crash is a dramatic fall in the total
ln short, l\,4r. Hardy, lwould not invest, The shares are overpriced and
value of all market shares. The 1929 Wall Street
there is no value in them.
Crash remains the most devastating stock mar-
Sincerely,
ket crash in history. ln the space of just four
days of trading in late October 1929, the mar- JeIf Bloomsberg
ket lost over 40% of its value. Black Monday,
the single worst trading day in US history, saw lnvestors Feeling the Pain
L3% wiped off the value of shares in one day
alone. The Great Depression followed directly It was built up to be a great success
after the Wall street crash, and most econo- story but 'Facebook, the public compa-
ny' has turned into a nightmare for
mists believe it was caused by it. This was an
investors. Since Facebook was floated
extremely difficult time for the ordinary people on May I 7th, the value of the compa-
of America. lnternational trade dropped by 50% ny's shares has dropped by 2Oo/o, from
and US unemployment rose to 25% at the $38 per share to $31 per share. At one
height of the crisis. lt wasn't until the beginning point last weel<, the price per share even fell as low as $25 -
of World War Two that the financial crisis finally that's a massive 35olo drop from its opening-day price - but it
has started to climb back up since. lt is hoped that the share
came to an end.
price will now stabilize, reducing the potential for any further
losses.
328
rE,ldinu

Questions 141-144 refer to section A. Mr. Hardy's adviser's opinion about what will
1,17. What is
1,11. What do we learn about the New York Stock Exchange in happen to the Facebook shares?
the fust two paragaphs? a. They rvlll fall in value from the moment they start trading.
a. $153 billion dollars is the total value of the NYSE b. The excitement about the flotation of Facebook will
b. $14 trillion is traded on the exchange daily cause the share price to go way up.
c. the NYSE is the largest building in the world c. The share price might go up at fi6t, but it will quickly
d. the NYSE is considered a very important historic building start to lall in value.
d. The share price will fall for the first day but stabilize
142. Which of the following statements is true? after that.
a, Apple is now the second-most-yaluable company in
the world. Question 148 refers to section D.
b. Euon used to be the second-most-valuable company 148. What is Facebook's share price like now?
on the NYSE. a. It has fallen by 35% since the opening day.
c. Enon was number one on the list of most valuable b.It has dropped in value lrom $38 to $25 per share.
companies for only a short pedod. c. It has started to recover from a low of $25 per share
d. At the end of 2011, Apple became the most valuable d.It has fallen in value from $31 to $25 per share.
company on the NYSE.
Questions 149-150 refer to sections A, B, C and D.
143. What does the writer say about Google? 1,19. Based on what you've read in the four passages, which
a.It is valued at 3194 billion. of these statements is probably true?
b.In 2004, it was worth $30 million more than today. a. Apple Inc. has always been a growing and successful
c. It has been in the top-five most valuable companies company.
since September 2004. b. The market is worried about Facebook's potential to
d. Google is worth 6 times more today than in 2004. tum itself into a highly profitable business.
c, Confidence in Facebook is higher than ever since the
Question 144 refers to section B. floatation of the company.
144. What problem was caused by the Wall Street Crash of 1929? d. The top-five list of companies in the New York Stock
a. One in every four people was unemployed. Exchange consists only of technology companies.
b. Unemployment rose by 25Vo.
c. Countries stopped trading with one another altogether. 150. Which passages mention examples of specific individual
d.It was one of the reasons for World War Two. companies having performed badly?
a.AandB
Questions 145-147 refer to section C. b.AandC
145. Which of the following statements is true? c.AandD
a. Facebook will be the highest-valued new company to d.A, C and D
ever float on the NYSF,.
b. Around 900 million people use Facebook for business
purposes,
c. Facebook has been making money out of its social
network for a long time.
d. Estimates of Facebook's value range from
$38-$104 billion.

146. What is the problem with Facebook's ad revenue strategy?

a. A low percentage of users actually look at
Facebook ads.
b. Facebook ads are more popular with mobile users
than PC users.
c. Advertisers don't want to pay for the product.

w
d. Cell phone users are a big market, but Facebook is
not used by many of them yet.
 riting
Read the following news item from a local newspaper about the building of a museum.
Then, do either task A or task B. For task A you will write a letter. For task B you will write an essay' Do only
ONE of these tasks. Your writing will be graded on how fluently and clearly you can exPress your ideas in English.

\ You will have 30 minutes to write

your etter or essay.
q You may nake an outline or notes ln
your test booklet if you wish, but your
outline will not count toward y0ur score.
s You will not be graded on the
appearance of your paper, but your
',t
handwrlting must be readab e. You may
change or correct your writing, but you
should not recopy the whole essay. iI
\ Use your own words as much as

news
possible. Do not copy a ot from the
article given be ow.

funds could be belter used for some-

CITIZENS PROTEST thing more practical like building
CONSTRUCTION better schools or fixlng the streets,
At the same time, many other resi-
OF MUSEUM dents wanl the museum built. They
Most people would support the
think that culture is importanl and
idea of building an art museum
that public funds should be used on
in a city. However, some peo-
such projects. If it is built, the
ple of Liberty City hate the
museum will be large enough to hold
idea. The city council is going
thousands oI pieces of art. lt will be
to vote on whether to build
big enough to hold 5,000 visitots at
the museum in th€ next few
a time. It will be the biggest in the
days.
area. lt will take around 4 years to
Many residents are opposed
build and will cost a great deal of
to the building of the art
money.
museum. They think the

A L-.etteu^
You have just read this article in your local newspaper. W te a letter to the newspaper, stating
what you think about the issue. Tell the newspaper whether you are in favor of building the art
museum or against it. Be sure to explain your reasoning to the newspaper also.

B €ssay
Is it a good idea for public money to be used for cultural projects like museums, concert halls, theatem, etc.,
or should it be spent on projects such as schools and streets?
In other words, should the government spend money from taxes on projects that many people might consider
unnecessary?
Discuss your opinion and give examples.

330
t,*/t'it in rI
W iting
: POINTS THAT CAN BT INCLUDED; :
Task A: ModetLetter
POINTS FOR - cultural centre D... Si/,
- attract visitors
J ah wriling to exp.ess hry opihioh abor1l ah 6r+i-
cl..th.+ J .edJ ih y""/ herlspape/ al,our rhe l,nild]ng
- increase prestige oi city
- educational "f o "e- a.t hkseum ln rhe ciiy,
J w""l.l lil<. r. srar+ L,y sayihg thai J have nix.d
feelings abo"+ rhis pr.posa, J dh ve/y inreresreL-l ih
POINTS ACAINST - waste of money
oa anJ an consi,lerinq.roihg to a/t.ch""l ih +h.
- not practical
fqr"i e, Th.".f..., rh
"
iaed
"f ^
hew a/r trlqseuh1
- only of interest to a minority excltes ,re very nach.
] l"rv.".r, J f"" +har nee.ls
""..iry ^.hy "rh./
+hihgs rhar ,^*e tnpor+ont such as a new
^," lN
hospiral a lrl,ra.y ./ eveh sohre ihprovenlenrs ro rhe
Lisef u; Vocabularg c ry schools. My sch."l i" i" desp...r"
"...1 "f
exhibits, artifacts, /epai.s ah"l i+ ha. [a.dly ahy spor+s facililies,
/
art history education, Alrh."gh o" 4/+ huseah t oqld be edh.aliohal, i+
cultural experience -.,,1d be ^.." b."efrcral if rh. hohey coAtd L,e spehr
opposition, h""e gene"ally on edqco+ion,
squander (waste) money, T. s",n ap, J l,elre"e rh.r rh" ."r nu.e"". sh""ld
prjoritize no+ Le Lhilr or r his +tme o. un+il r[e nany
"+he" "..ds
"f ",,". ), l\."" 1,""" ^"i
y-""s 1. 1f"l]y,

i Task B: ModerEssay

Al qlizens who pay tax,eo have deae aboul haw

Lhe qovefifieoL gharla uge lhe fioney. Secarge a
cantnunily ie nade up af nany d)if ercnL ?ao?le. I
ig ral sv?.iolnl Lhat lhere a alLen aiga\teement
aboul: ho'/t public noney ehorl+ be epent,
Frgl of all. lh)rk lhe qavernfieril haa a cear
ree?or.ib )ity to ?rav Ae f aciliLie. Lhal are eeeenLial Writing Tips
for everyone. For examp e. f echoole are crovtded
anA Lhe .iteelg erc in paq cotli)L on the Oove.n-
One of the biggest problems stu-
menN ehadA aef)dlely imprcve lhe etuatio!1 before
dents have is having enough ideas
tt .1 -gerl "(o4" . a. .. rri.q e oe.
culurd ?rc)ecl9 arc dgo an im?ort ant,
lav/ever. to write about. Before you start
of cofifiunily life. lhgewrg. concett hall6 ana writing, note any ideas that come
?at
ItheaLerc ewich ov )ivee. Ma{y Veop)e would aleo into your heacl about the topic. Just
ke Lo have parke anA a c)ean. pleaeanL efll)rantrerl. write one or two words for each
AlLhot)qh lheae t ad)tiee )riprove the quality al )ife iclea. You can then select those
1na carnfirnLy, ) be) eve lhey are lu\rdea cofi?areA icleas which are relevanr to rhe
ta fiore ?raclical ?roiecig 1ke echoolo anA oteeLa. question. Try to expancl your icleas
ln conc)uaior, in r.y o?lriior. Lhe qqlerrmenl but don't write things which are
ehodA epend public r.ioney on a ba.io al need, completely irrelevant.

t Teop)e w ) rlol alwayg aqree. bul the qoverrlfilenL

ft1ugl cargiaer Lhe neede af the who)e cornmuniLy.

E
 test 1 5
I t nI
Read the following adyertisement for a contest being held by The Times newspaper. Then' do either task
A or task B. For task A you will write a letter. For task B you will write an essay. Do only ONE of these tasks. Your
writing will be graded on how fluently and clearly you can express your ideas in English.

The Times Reader Contest: My Best Friend

Write in to The Times and describe your best friend and why he or she is important to you. If we
choose your letter as our favorite, we'll send you both on a two-day all-expenses-paid tripl

A, Letter Paragraphs Points

o (letter)
The Times is askint for people to write in about their best
friends. Write a letter describing your best friend and why lntroduction:
he or she is important to you. Paragraph I -Make a statement about your best
friend. Make sure it is general
An intrcduction thot enough to be supported by claims in
indicotes topic ond the following paragraph.
position.

Main Bodv -f4ake several claims about your

Paragraph 2 (&3) best friend. Be sure to include
details here. A description of him or
Mdin points ond orgument her might be a good idea.

-Bring your thoughts back to your

first paragraph. Why is your best
Conclusion
friend your best friend? Be general
Last Paragraph
and try to sum up all the points
you've made.

B. Essay Paragraphs Points (essay)

Do you have a best friend? Do you have several best lntroduction:
-State whether or not you have a
friends? Explain why you do or do not think having a Paragraph I
best friend and make a statement
best friend is important. Remember to include detailed
about why you do or do not think
reasons why you feel the way you do. An introduction thot indicotes
best friends are important.
topic ond position.

Main Bodv -Support the claim you made in the

Paragraph 2 (&3) first paragraph. Why do you feel the
way you do? lnclude as many details
Moin points ond orgument as you can.

-Restate why you do or do not think

having a best friend is important. Use
Conclusion
the claims you made in the last para-
Last Paragraph
graph to form a general argument
about how you feel.

@
 +s

HOW TO IMPROVE YOUR GRADES

k* k a I c

Stase I
. WEat is your famel
. How old are you?
. Where are you from? '\!
.What do you like to do for fun?
,.;. &
o What do you like to do during the summer?
o Where have you been to on vacation?
o What kind of music do you llsten to? I
k q
o Where do you live? (area and address)
o How long have you been living there?
o What is the place where you live like? *
. Do you think you sometimes pollute your area? How?
. What can you do to keep your area clean?
\ -su-,t
Stage 2
Situation: You aren't doing well in school and need to find
way to bring up your grades.
a
.%E- ,t
Fjrst: You should look at the pictures below and ask:
. What are the options?
. What is the advantage to each option?
o What is the disadvantage to each option?

Stage 3
Then: When you have all the jnformation you need, explain
what you've decided. Be ready to explain your choice.
Remember to use information you learned from asking
I
I
i

I
questions to explain your final choice.
r
Stage 4
after you have shared your decision, you will be asked
Finally,
more questions about the topic.

r
 SUCCEED lN MICHIGAN ECCE - Answer Key
15 Practice Tests (New Format 2013)
TEST I TEST 5
t.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.8 7.C 8.C 9.A l0.C ll.B l2.c t.A 2.C 3.A 4.8 5.B 6.4 7.C 8.C 9.C lo.c ll.A I2B
t3.c l4.A l5.A l6.8 l7.C l8.A l9.A 20.A 2t.C 22C r3.A r4.A l5.C l6.A l7.B l8.C l9.C 20.8 2l.C 22C
23.A Z4.C 25.5 76.C 77.B 28.A 29.8 30.A 3 I .C 32.8 23.A 24.C zs.C 26.A 27.C 28.8 29.A 30.c 3 LB 32 D
33.A 34.C 35.C 36.A 37.8 38.C 39.D 40.C 4l.C 42.4 33.8 34.8 3s.C 36.A 37.D 38.B 3e.C 40.A 4t B 4Z.A
43.A 44.D 45.A 46.8 47.A 48.C 49.D 50.8 5l D 52 B 43.8 44.A 4s.D 46.A 47.D 48.A 49.C 50.A 5 l.C 52.4
53.8 54.A 55.C 56.D 57.C 58.A 59.D 50.8 6l C 62.C 53.D 54.C 55.A 56.8 57.A 58.8 59.C 50.D 6l.A 628
63.8 64.A 65.D 66.A 67.C 68.8 6e.C 70.A 7t O 728 63.C 64.D 65.A 66.8 57.C 68.8 69.D 70 8 7l.A 72.e
73.A 74.C 75.C 76.0 77.8 78.C 79.8 80.A 8l.A 82 D 73.D 74.C 7s.B 76.A, 77.8 78.D 79.C 80.A 8l.D 82 C
83.8 84.D 85.C 86.C 87.8 88.C 89.8 90.A 9l.C 92C 83.8 84.A 85.D 85.A 87.D 88.8 89.8 90.C 9l.D 92.A
el.D 94.8 95.D e6.C 97.D 98.A 99.C 100.A l0l.c 102.8 93.C 94.8 e5.D 95.D 97.A 98.C 99.B 100.8 l0l.D 102.D
lo3.D lo4.c lo5.B lo6.c lo7.c 108.D 109.c llo.c lllD r03.A ro4.A lOs.C 106.8 107.D 108.c l09B ll0.A lll.c
lt2.A ll3.B ll4.B ll5.D ll6.8 ll7.B ll8.B ll9.D 120.c 2.C tl3.B ll4.B lls.A l16.8 ll7.D ll8.B ll9.c 120.c
t2t.D r22.8 123.A 124.8 125.C 126.A 127.C l28B 129.C t2r.A 122.8 123.C 124.C 125.C 126.D 127.C l28A 129.D
t3o.D l3l.D 132.D 133.D 134.A l3s.C l35C 137.A r3o.D r3r.B 132.B 133.C 134.8 135.A 136.D l37D 138.A
138.C t39.C l4o.C l4l.D 142.R 143.D 144.C l45B 146.D r39.8 r40.A t4l.D 142.C 143.8 144.A 145.C 146.8 147.A
t47.8 r48.C 149.D 150.c t48.D t49.8 150.8

TEST 2 TEST 6
t.A 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.C l0.c I I .B l2 A r.B 2.A 3.A 4.8 5.A 6.8 7.C 8.B 9.A I0.c ll.c l2.B
t3.c r4.B l5.A l6.8 l7.A l8.B l9.C 70.C 2l.A 22.8 t3.c l4.A r5.A l5.C l7.B l8.B I9.A 20.A 2l.c 22.4
23.C 24.8 zS.C 26.8 27.A 28.C 29.A 30.B 3 I C 32.D 23.A 24.8 25.C 26.A 27.A 28,C 29.B 30.8 3l .D 32.A
33.C 34.D 35.D 36.D 37.A 38.D 39.A 40.A 4l A 42.D 33.D 34.8 35.A 36.C 37.A 38.A 39.C 40.B 4t.A 42.D
43.C 44.A 45.D 46.C 47.C 48.C 49.A 50.8 sl.C 52.A 43.D 44.R 45.D 45.C 47.C 48.D 49.A 50.8 sl.D 52 8
53.D 54.8 55.C 56.4 57.C 58.B 5e.D 50.8 6lA 62.D sl.c 54.A 55.8 55.D 57.C 58.A 59.D 50.8 6l.C 62.8
53.C 64.A 65.C 55.8 67.0 68.C 69.8 70.A 7t.o 72.8 63.A 64.D 65.8 56.C 57.O 68.A 69.D 70.8 ll.C 72.4
73.A 74.C 75.C 76.A 77.8 78.D 79.D 80.8 8l.A 82.C 73.C 74.8 75.A 76.D 77.8 78.A 79.C 80.8 8l.D 82.8
83.8 84.B 85.C 86.C 87.A 88.8 89.C 90.D 9l.C 92.C 83.A 84.C 85.8 86.8 87.C 88.A 89.8 90.A el.B 92.C
93.B 94.C 95.8 96.8 97.8 98.B 99.8 100.A l0l.B l02c 93.D 94.D 95.A 96.B 97.8 98.C 99.D 100.D l0l,D 102.8
to3.A ro4.D lo5.B 106.c 107.A 108.8 109.D ll0.c lll.B to3.B ro4.A 105.A 106.C 107.8 108.D 109.c ll0.B lll.A
2.C ll3.C ll4.c ll5.D ll6.D ll7.D ll8.C ll9.c 2.B ll3.D II4.C ll5.B ll6.A ll7.B ll8D Il9.C 120.A
t2o.c l2l.A 122.8 123.A 124.C l2s.D I25.B 127.8 l2B.C I27.A 128.D 129.D
t2t.B 122.D 123.D 124.D 125.8 125.A r)/ r),4 rlo
i2t.A i30.3 ll i.D i32.D li3.D ii+.C ii5 3 i16 C ^ ^
r38.C 139.A l40.D l4l.c t42.c 143.8 144.C 145.D I39.8 140.8 l4l.c 142.D 143.8 I44.D 145.C 146D 147.4
146.D 147.C 148.C 149.D 150.8 148.A 149.8 150.A

TEST 3 TEST 7
t.c 2.8 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.8 7.8 LC 9.A l0.B ll.A l2.c l.A 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.C 6.C 7.A 8.A 9.C l0.A ll.B l2.B
t3.A l4.B l5.C l5.B l7.A l8.B l9.C 20.8 2l.A 22.C r3.B t4.B l5.C l6.8 l7.A l8.B le.c 20.c 2t-c 22c
23.B 24.8 25.A 26.C 27.A 28.C 29.B 30.A 3l.B 32.A 33.8 23.8 24.8 25.8 26.C 17.A 28.A 29.8 30.c 3l.A 32.D
34.D 35.C 36.A 37.8 38.D 39.D 40.A 4l.D 42.C 43.D 33.D 34.C 35.A 36.A 37.D 38.C 39.A 40.A 4l.D 42.4
44.A 45.C 46.C 47.8 48.A 49.A 50.A 5l .C 52 8 53.A 43.A 44.A, 45.8 46.D 47.D 48.A 49.8 50.A 5lA 52.C
54.D 55.C 55.4 57.8 58.C 59.B 60.8 6l.A 52.D 53.D s3.B 54.D 5s.B 56.A s7.C 58.D 59.B 60.D 6l C 62.A
64.A 65.C 66.8 67.e 68.D 69.C 70.C 7l.A 72-D 73.C 63.8 64.C 65.D 66.8 67.A 58.D 69.C 70.B 7l.A 77.C
74.5 75.C 76.A 77.D 78.8 79.D 80.A 8l.B 82.D 83.C 73.D 74.A 75.C 76.8 77.B 78.D 79.A 80.C 8l .B 82.A
84.A 85.D 85.8 87.8 8B.C 89.C 90.D 9l.C 92.A 93.4 83.8 84.C 85.A 86.A 87.D 88.C 89.8 90.C 9lA 92.8
94.C 95.D 96.9 97.D 98.8 99.D 100.A l0l.c 102.8 l03B 93.A 94.C 95.D 96.C 97.A 98.8 99.A 100.D l0l.D 102.c
to4.c lo5.c 106.A lo7.B 108.c 109.D ll0.c lllc ll2.c t03.c lo4.B lo5.A l06.A lO7.D 108.A l09c ll0.B lll.B
3.B ll4.A ll5.A tl6.A ll7.D ll8.B ll9.A l20c l2l.A 2.C ll3.B ll4.D ll5.B ll5.B ll7.A ll8.A ll9.c l20D
DaB 123.A. 124.C 125.C 126.8 127.D 128.C I29.C 130.A t2t.B t22.C t23.C t24.C 125.8 126.8 127.A 128.A 129.8
r3t.D r32.D 133.8 134.A 135.C 136.8 137.D 138.C l39A I3o.C l3l.A 132.8 133.D 134.D 135.8 l36B 137.D l38D
t40.c t4l.B 142.D 143.C 144.D 145.D 146.D 147.D t39.A r40.B l4l.D 142.8 143.D 144.C t4s.C 146.C 147.4
t48.8 t49.8 150.D r48.8 149.C 150.A

TEST 4
LC 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.8 7.C LB 9.8 l0.A ll.B l2.B TEST 8
r3.A t4.B r5.A l6.C l7.A l8.B l9.B 20.B 2l.C 22.C t.A 2.8 3.A4.A 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.C l0.A ll.c l2A
23.C 24.A 25.8 26.A 27.A 28.C 29.A 30.8 3 LC 32 A t3.A t4.B l5.c l6.8 l7.B l8.A l9.B 20.A 7l.B 22.C
33.A 34.A 35.8 35.C 37.D 38.8 39.A 40.c 4l.A 42.D 73.C 24.8 25.C 26.8 27.A 28.8 29.8 30.A 3l.A 32.D 33.C
43.A 44.8 45.D 46.A 47.C 48.8 49.8 50.D 5l.C 52.B 34.A 3s.A 36.8 37.8 38.D 39.C 40.C 4l.D 42.D 43.4,
s3.D s4.D 55.C s6.A s7.C 58.D s9.B 60.A 6l,B 62.D 44.8 45.A 46.8 47.C 48.D 49.A 50.C sl.C 52.A 53.D
63.C 64.C 65.8 56.8 67.D 68.A 59.C 70.A 7l.B 72 D 54.8 5s.B 56.D 57.A 58.C 59.8 60.A 6l.D 52.B 63.B
73.C 74.D 75.8 76.A 77.B 78.R 7e.C 80.A 8l.C 82 D 54.A 65.D 66.8 67.C 68.C 69.D 70.8 7l.A 72C 73.C
83.8 84.A 85.C 86.4 87.C 88.A 89.8 90.D 9l.C 924 74.D 75.A 76.8 77.D 78.C 79.A 80.C 8l.B 82.D 83.A
93.8 94.B 95.D 96.A 97.A 98.C 99.8 100.c l0l.D 102.D 84.D 85.8 85.A 87.8 88.C 89.D 90.A 9l.C 91.D 93.8
to3.B lo4.c 105.A 105.8 107.8 108.A 109.c ll0.c lll.B 94.B 95.A 96.C 97.D 98.B 99.A 100.c l0l.c 102.D
2.D ll3.D ll4.B ll5.c ll5.B ll7.D ll8.B ll9.A 120.4 ro3.D t04.8 lo5.A 106.A 107.c 108.c 109.B ll0.D lll.B
t2t.A t22.D 173.C 124.C 125.A 125.A 127.C 128.8 lt2.A 3.C 4.8 ll5.C ll6.D ll7.B ll8.B ll9.A 120.8
t29.D t30.D l3l.D 132.C 133.A 134.8 135.A 136.C 137.C r2t.A t22.D lZ3.B lZ4.C 125.D 126.8 177.D 128.A lZ9.C
t38.D r39.A 140.C l4l.B 142.A 143.D 144.A 145-D 146.4 r3o.D r3l.A 132.D 133.A 134.D 135.D 135.C 137.D
147.A 148.A 149.8 150.A r38.D 139.A l4o.A l4l.c 142.D t43.C t44.C 145.C
t46.C 147.A r49.C 149.C 150.8
 TEST 9 TEST I3
l.c 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.8 7.A 8.B 9.C tO.A .B t2.A r.c 2.8 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.C 7.8 8.A e.B tO.B .A t2.A
l3.B t4.B l5.B t6.A t7.C t8.C t9.B.20.A 2t.C 22.8 l3.c t4.A t5.B t5.B t7.A t8.C t9.C 20.B 2t.C 22.A
23.C 24.B 25.C 26.A 27.C 28.C 29.8 3o.C 3 t.C 32.A 23.8 24.8 25.A 26.C 27.8 28.8 29.A 3o.A 3t.A 32.C
33.D 34.C 35.A 35.A 37.D 38.C 39.D 4o.C 4t.B 42.C 33.8 34.A 35.D 35.A 37.A 38.D 39.A 40.B 4t.B 41D
43.8 44.8 45.D 46.8 47.8 48.A 49.B 50.C 5t,C 52.8 43.D 44.C 45.A 46.C 47.C 48.D 49.C 50.D st.A 52.C
53.D 54.A 55.8 56.4 57.D 58.C 59.8 60.4 6t.O 67.C 53.C 54.8 55.D 55.C 57.D 58.A 59.D 60.C 6t.A 52.D
63.A 64.8 65.8 66.D 67.C 68.A 59.B 7o.D 7 t.C 72.8 63.4 64.8 6s.B 66.D 67.A 68.8 69.A 70.C 7t.C 72.A
71.A 74.D 75.C 76.A 77.8 7g.D 79.C 8o,A 8t.C 82.D 73.8 74.D 75.C 76.A 77.C 78.D 79.A 80.D 8 t.B 82.A
83.A 84.C 85.D 86.8 87.A 88.C 89.C 9o.D 9t.A 92.8 83.A 84.C 8s.D 85.D 87.A 88.8 89.A 90.8 9t.A 92.D
93.A 94.C 9s.C 96.C 97.A 98.B 99.A t0o.B tOt.D to2.D 93.B 94.A 95.D 96.C 97.8 98.A 99.D tOo.C tOt.B to2.c
103.8 t04.c t05.A t06.A t07.B r08.8 to9.c 0.D t.B 103.D 104.D t05.A 106.A t07.A t08.c to9.D 0.A llt.B
2.A 3.C 4.A 5.C lt6.D lt7.B 8.D 9.A t2o.B 2.D ll3.B 4.D |5.D 5.B lt7.D 8.A |9.8 t2o,A
t2t.s 122.c t23.A. t24.A t25.8 t26.D 127.C t28.D tzs.C l2l.B 127.A t23.D t24.C t25.8 t25.C t27.C nA.D 09 B
r30.c r3t.D t32.A t33.8 t34.D t35.8 t36.8 t37.C t38.C r30.8 r3r.B t32.8 t33.C t34.D t35.D t36.A t37.A t38.A
139.A 140.D t4t.B t42.8 143.A 144.8 t45.D 145.C t47.B 139.8 t40.C t4t.D t42.8 t43.8 t44.D t45.C t46.8 t47.D
t48.D t49.8 150.8 r48.C r49.C t50.A

TEST IO TEST 14
LC 2.A 3.8 4.A 5.C 6.C 7.8 8.A 9.C tO.A .A t2.B l.c 2.c 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.C 7.C 8.8 9.A tO.A |.C t2.B
l3.c t4.A ts.c t6.c t7.B t8.c t9.c 20.8 2t.B 12.A l3.A t4.B t5.C t6.A t7.C r8.B t9.C 2o.A 2t.B 22.8
73.4 24.C 25.C 76.8 27.A 28.A 29.B 3o.C 3 t.B 32.A 23.4 24.C 25.C 26.8 27.A 28.8 29.A 30.C lt.D 32.8
33.8 34.8 35.D 36.D 37.8 38.C 39.A 40.D 4t.C 42.C 3l.D 34.C 35.D 36.D 37.D 38.D 39.C 4o.B 4t.B 42.C
43.D 44.8 45.A 46.D 47.8 48.8 49.A 5o.A 5t.C 52.8 43.8 44.C 45.D 45.A 47.C 48.C 49.C 5o.C st.D 52.8
53.A 54.D 55.C 56.A 57.C 58.8 59.D 50.A 6t.C 62.8 s3.A 54.C 55.A s5.D 57.A 58.C sg.A 60.D 6t.B 62.D
63.D 54.8 65.D 66.4 67.C 68.8 69.D 7o.C 7t.A 72.C 63.4 54.8 65.C 56.4 67.A 68.C 69.8 7o.C 7t.A,72.C
73.8 74.A 7s.D 76.5 77.C 78.A 79.8 8o.C 8r.D 82.8 73.A 74.C 75.8 76.D 77.D 78.D 79.A BO.B 8t.D 82.8
83.A 84.C 85.D 85.C 87.A 88.C 89.B 9o.D 9t.D 92.A 83.A 84.8 85.C 86.A 87.C 88.B 89.B go.D 9t.B 92.C
93.C 94.8 95.8 96.C 97.O 98.A 99.A tOO.C lOt.B tO2.A 93.8 94.D 95.D 96.4 97.A 98.8 99.8 tOO.C t0 t .A t02.A
103.A t04.8 t05.A t06.D t07.D 108.c t09.B lt0.A r.B t03.A t04.A t05.D t06.A t07.D to8.c t09.D llo.A l|.8
2.B 3.A ll4.D 5.B 6.8 |7.D |8.C 9.A t20.C ll2.A ll3.C |4.D 5.B |6.A ll7.C 8.A 9.B t20.c
t2t.A t22.8 123.D t24.D t25.8 t26.A 127.C t28.B t29.8 l2l.A t22.C t23.C t24.8 t25.8 t25.D t27.8 t28.8 129.A
t30.8 t3t.c t32.D t33.8 t34.D t35.D t36.C 137.D I30.C t3t.B 132.8 t33.D t34.D t35.D t36.C t37.A 138.B
138.C t39.8 t40.C t4t.B t42.C t43.A t44.D 145.8 t46.C 139.D t40.8 t4t.A t42.A t43.D t44.8 145.A 146.A t47.B
t47.D t48.C t49.A t50.C 148.C I49.D t50 A

TEST I I TEST 15
l.c 2.c 3.8 4.C 5.C 6.8 7.C 8.C 9.A tO.B |.C t2.C l.B 2.C 3.A 4.A 5.8 6.8 7.C 8.8 9.A to.A ll.C t2.c
t3.B t4.C t5.A t6.A t7.C t8.B I9.A 20.A 2t.C 22.8 l3.B t4.B t5.B t6.C t7.B t8.C t9.C 20.A 2t.C 22.8
23.8 74.8 25.A 26.A 27.C 28.8 29.A 3o.C 3 LD 32.C 23.8 24.A 25.9 26.A 27.C 18.A 29.C 3o.B 3 r.C 32.A
33.D 34.D 35.8 35.D 37.8 38.D 39.8 4o.C 4t.A, 42.8 33.C 34.D 35.D 35.8 37.C 38.A 39.A 4o,A 4t.B 42.D
43.D 44.A 45.C 46.A 47.D 48.C 49.8 sO.B 5 t.B 52.D 43.C 44.C 45.8 46.D 47.8 48.8 49.8 sO.B 5 t.C s2.A
s3.A 54.D 55.A 56.C 57.8 58.A 59.A 5o.A 6t.B 62.4 53.C 54.B 55.D 56.C 57.A 58.A 59.D 60.A 6t.C 52.C
53.D 54.A 65.D 66.D 67.C 68.C 69.C 7o.A 7t.A 72.8 53.A 64.8 65.A 65.C 57.C 58.D 69.A 70.8 7t.A 72.8
73.A 74.D 75.C 76.A 77.A 7B.B 79.D 8o.C 8 t.A 82.D 73.O 74.C 75.8 76.8 77.8 78.A 79.A 80.C 8t.D 82.D
83.C 84.A 85.8 86.A 87.8 88.A 89.D 90.D 9t.B 92.D 83.8 84.8 85.A 86.A 87.D 88.8 89.B 90.C 9t.C 92.D
93.A 94.C 95.A 96.C 97.A 98.8 99.D tOO.B rOt.A 102.A 93.8 94.A 95.A 96.C 97.B 98.C 99.B tOO.C tOt.B tO2.A
103.c t04.D t05.8 t05.A t07.8 t08.A to9.c o.D l.C 103.c t04.8 105.c r06.D t07.8 t08.A to9.c o.A t.D
ll2.B 3.C 4.C s.A lt6.A 7.B 8.B lt9.C t2o.A lr2.B 3.A 4.C 5.A lt6.C 7.B 8.D 9.A t2o.B
r2t.D r22.B t2r.A t24.D t25.D t26.A t27.8 128.C 129.D t2t.B r22.C t23.D t24.8 t25.8 t26.D t27.D 128.C t29.8
130.8 t3t.c t32.c t33.A t34.D t35.C t36.D t37,a 130.c l3t.c t32.D t33.D t34.D t35.A t36.C t37.D
r38.D r39.D t40.D t4l.c t42.c t43.D t44.C 145.8 t46.C 138.C t39.D t40.D l4t.D t42.D 143.O 144.A t45.A t46.A
t47.D t48.A t49.B t50.D t47.C 148.C r49.8 t50.C

TEST 12
l.A 2.C 3.8 4.C 5.8 6.C 7.8 8.A 9.8 tO.A .B l2.C
r3.c r4.A l5.A r6.C t7.C t8.C t9.A 2o,B 2t.B 22.A
23.C 24.8 25.A 26.C 27.B 28.A 29.C 3o.C 3 I .D 32.C
33.A 34.D 35.A 36.C 37.C 38.C 39.C 40.D 4t.C 42.D
43.D 44.C 45.D 46.C 47.A 48.A 49.B 50.8 5 t .B 52.C
53.D 54.8 55.A 56.A 57.D 58.8 59.C 60.B 6t.A 62.A
63.D 64.D 65.C 56.A 67.C 58.8 59.C 70.C 7t.B 72.A
73.D 74.D 75.A 76.A 77.D 78.D 79.8 8o.C 8 t.B 82.A
83.D 84.8 85.8 86.D 87.A 88.8 89.A 9o.C 9t.C 92.D
93.C 94.C 95.B 96.A 97.A 98.8 99.C too.c lot.B to2.D
r03.c r04.A t05.A t05.c t07.c t08.A t09.A O.C r.A
lr2.D ll3.8 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.B . S.D 9.B t2o.B
12t.B t22.A t23.A t24.C t25.8 I26.8 t27.C t28.8 129.8
r30.c r3t.c t32.D 133.C t34.8 t35.C t36.C t37.D
138.A t39.D t40.A t4t.c t42.c t43,C 144.C t45.C t46.A Global ELT
147.D 148.A t49.C t50.8 f EL: (0044].0127 3251 906 emait: [email protected]