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Database Description

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36 views6 pages

Database Description

Uploaded by

omar gamal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Database Description:

After carefully understanding the requirements the entire data storage requirements are
divided into tables. The tables are normalized to avoid any anomalies during the
course of data entry.

NORMALIZATION:

It is a process of converting a relation to a standard form. The process is used to


handle the problems that can arise due to data redundancy i.e. repetition of data in the
database, maintain data integrity as well as handling problems that can arise due to
insertion, updation, deletion anomalies.

Decomposing is the process of splitting relations into multiple relations to eliminate


anomalies and maintain anomalies and maintain data integrity. To do this we use
normal forms or rules for structuring relation.

Insertion anomaly: Inability to add data to the database due to absence of other data.

Deletion anomaly: Unintended loss of data due to deletion of other data.

Update anomaly: Data inconsistency resulting from data redundancy and partial
update.

Normal Forms: These are the rules for structuring relations that eliminate anomalies.

First Normal Form:

A relation is said to be in first normal form if the values in the relation are atomic for
every attribute in the relation. By this we mean simply that no attribute value can be a
set of values or, as it is sometimes expressed, a repeating group.

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Second Normal Form:

A relation is said to be in second Normal form is it is in first normal form and it should
satisfy any one of the following rules.

• Primary key is a not a composite primary key

• No non key attributes are present

• Every non key attribute is fully functionally dependent on full set of primary
key.

Third Normal Form:

A relation is said to be in third normal form if their exits no transitive dependencies.

Transitive Dependency: If two non key attributes depend on each other as well as on
the primary key then they are said to be transitively dependent.

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DATA DICTIONARY:

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