Scribd
Upload
95 views10 pages

NG Pháp: Basic Noun Phrase (NP

The document provides information about Vietnamese grammar structures, including: - Basic and complex noun phrases, with examples of pre-modifiers, determiners, and post-modifiers. - Syntactic functions that noun phrases can serve as subjects, objects, complements. - Classes of English lexical verbs like intensive, intransitive, monotransitive, ditransitive, and complex transitive verbs. - Parts of speech like adjectives and adverbs, and their syntactic functions as pre-modifiers, predicates, and supplements. - Types of nominal clauses and their possible syntactic functions. The key differences between basic and complex noun phrases are also summarized.

Uploaded by

Thùy Nguyễn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
95 views10 pages

NG Pháp: Basic Noun Phrase (NP

The document provides information about Vietnamese grammar structures, including: - Basic and complex noun phrases, with examples of pre-modifiers, determiners, and post-modifiers. - Syntactic functions that noun phrases can serve as subjects, objects, complements. - Classes of English lexical verbs like intensive, intransitive, monotransitive, ditransitive, and complex transitive verbs. - Parts of speech like adjectives and adverbs, and their syntactic functions as pre-modifiers, predicates, and supplements. - Types of nominal clauses and their possible syntactic functions. The key differences between basic and complex noun phrases are also summarized.

Uploaded by

Thùy Nguyễn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

NGỮ PHÁP

1. Basic Noun Phrase ( NP): is a phrase that consists of a head noun


or a pronoun with or without other closed-system items as pre-
modifiers
-Structure: Basic NP
Pre- modification Closed- system Head noun
Premodifiers
- Pre-determiners
- Determiners
- Post-determiners

-Pre-modifiers: 3 subclasses( a.inclusives: all, both, half ; b.multipliers:


double, twice, three times; c.fractions: one-third, two-fifths )
-Determiners: 6 subclasses( a.article: a, an; b.possessive: my, your, his;
c.demonstrative: this, that, these, those; d.interrogative: whose,
which, what ; e.indefinite: some, any, each, every; f.quantifier: much)
-Post-determiners: 2 subclasses( a.quantifiers: closed-system: many,
little, few; open class: a lot of, good deal of, a great number of ;
b.numerals: cardinal: one, two, three; ordinal: first, second, third)
* Syntactic functions of NP
1. Common syntactic functions: S,O,C:
-Subject(S): My brother (S) is a teacher(Cs)
-Direct Object (Od) ( tân ngữ trực tiếp): they like football(Od)
-Indirect Object (Oi) ( tân ngữ gián tiếp): we gave our friend(Oi) a
book(Od)
-Subject complement(Cs): My brother is a teacher (Cs)
-Object complement(Co): They elected him(Od)their chairman(Co)
2. Some other functions:
-Prepositional Complement(Cprep):On the way(Cprep), we looked at
it(Cprep)
-Appositive(App): My friend, a doctor(App), will go here
-Adverbial(A): Last week(Atime) we telephoned him
-Adjectival Complement (Cadj): The game isn’t worth the candle (Cadj)

2. Complex NPs:
-Structure: Complex NPs
Pre-modifiers Head noun Post-modifiers
- closed-system - advP or Prep.P
- open class ( adj, V , N) - non-finite clause
- relative clause

Examples: (these) beautiful (adj) girls( head noun)


The (Det.) approaching (Ving) train( head noun)
The(Det.) beautiful (adj) girl(head noun) sitting in the
corner(non-finite)
3. English lexical verbs:
+) Intensive( SVC/SVA): be, appear, look, become, get, run
 SVC: She looks tired
 SVA: He become a director
+) Intransitive( SV): come, go, live, go out, come in, give in
Example: They come in Vietnam
+) Monotransitive( SVO): give up, turn down, get, ask, answer
Examples: I turn down on this
+) Ditransitive( SVOO): give,take, inform of
Examples: He gave me a book
+) Complextransitive( SVOC/SVOA): call, elect, make, put
 SVOC: She elected me doctor
 SVOA: I put the picture on the wall
4. ADJECTIVES: is a word belonging to an open class which
generally denotes quality: good, hot, young, little, fat; colour:
black, white, red, etc; or shape: round, square, etc
- Syntactic functions of adjectives:
a. Pre-modifier and post-modifier
+) Adjectives are attributive when they pre-modify nouns:
Example: the only child come here
+) Adjectives can be post-modifier( or postpositive attribute)
Example: I have a house larger than yours
A predicative or a complement (Co/Cs) :

-Cs( in intensive relationship with S)


Ex: Your daughter is intelligent. He’s rather careless
-Co( in intensive relationship with O)
Ex: I consider him foolish
c. Head of a noun phrase
Example: O: They will help only the humble poor
d. Supplementive adjective clause
Ex: When ripe, the apples are sweet
e. Exclamatory adjective sentences
Ex: How wonderful!
Excellent!
-ADVERBS
-Adjunct: They’re waiting outside. You can now go out.
-Disjunct: Frankly, I’m tired. Fortunately, no one complained.
-Conjunct: They tried to listen. However, they heard nothing.

5. NOMINAL CLAUSES
- There are 2 subgroups:
a. Finite nominal clauses including:
+ That clause
+ Wh-interrogative clauses
+ Yes/No-interrogative clauses
+ Nominal relative clauses
b. Non-finite clauses including:
+ To-infinitive clause ( to V)
+ Bare infinitive clause (V)
+ V-ing participle clause (V-ing)
- Possible functions
Like noun phrases, nominal clauses can be used in 8 different syntactic
functions, namely Subject, Direct Object (Od) ,Subject Complement (Cs)
, Object Complement (Co), Indirect Object (Oi), Appositive (App),
Prepositional Complement (Cprep), Adjectival Complement (Cadj)
However, not all the above-mentional types can perform all these
functions. There are in fact: major (or common) functions that all of
them can perform and minor functions that are restricted to a certain
type only.
+ Major functions: S, Cs, Od, App
+ Minor functions: Cprep, Co, Cadj, Oi (with nominal relative clause,
interrogative clauses, participle clause and to infinitive clause)

6. subject
Agentive: She opened the door
Instrumental: This key can open the door
Affected: The door opened
Recipient: She has new skirt
Locative: This room accommodates 20 peoples
Temporal:tomorrow will be fine
Eventive: The meeting ended success fully
Empty It: It’s verry wonderful to meet you.
7. Different between English basic NPs and complex NPs
 A basic NP is a phrase that consists of a head noun or pro-
noun with or without other closed- system or open-system
All the many nice/ pictures are collected.
Pre- modifier head N
 A comlex NP is a phrase that consists of a head noun or pro-
noun with other closed- system and open-system ( pre-
modifier and post modifier
The only/  girl/  in this class is hardworking.
Premodifier/ head Nound/ post modifier
Exercise
- Make 1 complex, making necessary changes
1. The boy who parents died in a traffic accident, will receive…
2. He went to London where he had lived when he was a boy
3. I told you that we have only enough water for 2 more days
4. No one discovered what the cause of the explosion was
5. If you arrive at your hotel before 5 o’clock, please telephone…
6. We must face the fact that we can’t stay here
7. We wore warm clothes because we didn’t want to get cold
8. Where the fire started was a complete mystery
9. I will leave a massage for… secretary because I will be out when…
10. It took 3 weeks to estimate what damage the explosion
caused
11. Mary who used to coach at Notre Dame University now
works as the new soccer coach at UConn
12. My problem is that how we can reduce this high
temperature
13. The seriousness of his condition… that when the fever
14. Do not make any appointments before I discuss your
programme with you
15. We have done all of exercises because we hope…
16. I couldn’t go to the cinema because l was very busy
17. I amnot quite sure when the fever did begin
18. You won’t see anything unless you stand up here
- Make 1 sentence for each of the following cases
1. Nominal relative clause as Object complement: SVOC
Ex: you can call me whatever name you want
2. To – infinitive clause as Subject complement: SVC
Ex: My aim is to love him
3. Yes – No interrogative clause as S
Ex: If you come or not,
4. That clause as Appositive( đồng vị ngữ ) ĐTQH
5. Ving clause as Prepositional complement: SVA/ SVOA

- Make sentences with like as…


a. A monotransitive verb: SVO: I like the book
b. A complextransitive verb: SVOC: I like the pencil green
c. An intransitive verb: SV: She turn back
- Make sentences with
d. NP as Direct object ( Od): He likes football
e. NP as Appositive: My friend, a teacher, will go here

You might also like