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C++ Type Casting C++ Type C Casting

This document discusses C++ type casting. It explains that type casting is converting a value of one type to another type. Casting can be either implicit or explicit. Implicit casts do not require an operator, while explicit casts use type cast operators. There are four specific casting operators in C++: dynamic_cast, reinterpret_cast, static_cast, and const_cast. Each has a distinct purpose for controlling type conversions between classes.

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Rahul Gupta
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264 views12 pages

C++ Type Casting C++ Type C Casting

This document discusses C++ type casting. It explains that type casting is converting a value of one type to another type. Casting can be either implicit or explicit. Implicit casts do not require an operator, while explicit casts use type cast operators. There are four specific casting operators in C++: dynamic_cast, reinterpret_cast, static_cast, and const_cast. Each has a distinct purpose for controlling type conversions between classes.

Uploaded by

Rahul Gupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C++ Type C

Casting
asting
C++ Type Casting

z Converting a value of a given type into


another
th type
t is
i known
known as type-casting.
ti
z Conversion can be implicit or explicit

2
C++ Implicit Conversion

z Implicit conversions do not require any


operator.
t
z They are automatically performed when a
value is copied to a compatible
compa type.

E.x.. 1. typeconversion.cpp
2. typeconclass.cpp

3
C++ Explicit Conversion

z Conversions that imply a different


interpretation of the value, require an explicit
conversion using type cast operator.
B b=(B) a; or B b=B (a);
z Using type cast operators indiscriminately on
classes and pointers to classes can lead to
code that while being syntactically correct
can cause runtime errors.
E.x.. 1.explicit_type_con_class.cpp
4
C++ Explicit Conversion

z In order to control types of conversions between


classes, there are four specific casting operators:
1. dynamic_cast,
2. reinterpret_cast,
ti t d lt
3. static_cast
4. const_cast.

5
C++ dynamic_cast

z dynamic_cast can be used only with


pointers and d references to objects.
i t
z Its purpose d tofensure that
is t the
bj result
t of the
type conversion is a valid
va complete object of
the requested class.
z dynamic_cast is always successful when we
cast a class to one of its base classes

Syntax: dynamic_cast<type>
<type> (expr)
(
6
E.x. 1. dynamicasts.cpp
2. dynamic_casts1.cpp
C++ dynamic_cast

z When dynamic_cast cannot cast a pointer because it


is not a complete object ofo the required class, it returns
a null pointer to indicate the failure.
z If dynamic_cast is used to convert to a reference type
and the conversion is not
no possible, an exception of
type bad_cast is thrown.
z dynamic_cast can also cast null pointers even
between pointers to unrelated classes.
z can also cast pointers of any type to void pointers
(void*).

7
C++ static_cast

z static_cast can perform conversions between


pointers to related classes,
classe not only from the derived
class to its base, but also from a base class to its
derived.
z ensures that at least the classes are compatible if the
proper object is converted
z but no safety check is performed during runtime to
check if the object being converted is in fact a full
object of the destination type.
z could lead to runtime errors
e.x. 1. static_casts4.cpp
8 2. static_casts3.cpp
C++ static_cast

z static_cast can also be used to perform any


other
th non-pointer conversion
conver that could also
be performed implicitly
z Or
O any conversioniion b
between
t classes
l with
ith
explicit constructors or operator functions

Syntax: static_cast<type>
<type> (expr)
(

9
C++ reinterpret_cast

z reinterpret_cast converts any pointer type to


any other i t ttype, even off unrelated
th pointer l t d
classes. Syntax: reinterpret_cast<type>
reinterpret_cast (expr)

class A {};
class B {};
A * a = new A;
B * b = reinterpret_cast<B*>(a);
reinterpret_cast

10
E.x.. 1. reinterprete_casts2.cpp
2. reinterprete_casts1.cpp
C++ const_cast

z const_cast manipulates the constness of an


object,
bj t either
ith to
t be
b set
ett or tto b
be removed.
d

Syntax: const_cast<type>
namespace (expr)

E.x. 1. const_cast1.cpp
2. const_casts2.cpp
11
cout<<“Thank You”<<endl;

cout<<“Have a Good Day”<<endl;

12

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