World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Chavhan et al. SJIF Impact

World Journal of Pharmaceutical Factor 5.990
Research
Volume 4, Issue 11, 1257-1266. Research Article ISSN 2277– 7105

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF ANALYTICAL METHOD

FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF GLIBENCLAMIDE AND
METFORMIN HCL IN BULK AND TABLETS USING UV – VISIBLE
SPECTROSCOPY

Bhavika R. Chavhan*, P.B. Patil, S. R. Bavaskar, Dr.S. D. Barhate.

Department of Quality Assurance, Shree Sureshdada Jain Institute of Pharmaceutical

Education and Research, Jamner – 424206.

ABSTRACT
Article Received on
29 Aug 2015, Two simple, precise and economical UV methods have been developed
and validated for the simultaneous estimation of Glibenclamide and
Revised on 18 Sep 2015,
Accepted on 08 Oct 2015 Metformin hydrochloride in bulk and pharmaceutical combined dosage
form. The method employed simultaneous equation method for

*Correspondence for analysis using 0.01N NaOH as a solvent. The two wavelengths
Author 226.60nm and 233 nm were selected for estimation of Glibenclamide
Bhavika R. Chavhan and Metformin HCl respectively. Linearity was observed in the
Department of Quality
concentration range of 2-10μg/ml for both Glibenclamide and
Assurance, Shree
Metformin HCl respectively. The recovery studies ascertained the
Sureshdada Jain Institute
of Pharmaceutical accuracy of the proposed method and the results were validated as per
Education and Research, ICH guidelines. The method can be employed for estimation of
Jamner – 424206. pharmaceutical formulations with no interference from any other
excipients and diluents.
KEYWORDS: Glibenclamide, Metformin HCl, Simultaneous estimation.

INTRODUCTION
Glibenclamide

Fig. 1(a): Chemical structure of Glibenclamide.

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Glibenclamide is 1-[4-[2-(chloro-2-methoxybenzamido) ethyl]-benzenesulphonyl]-

cyclohexylurea, 5-chloro-N-[2[4[[[(cyclohexyl (amino) carbonyl]-amino] sulphonyl] phenyl]
ethyl]-2-methoxy benzamide or 1-[[p-[-2-(5-chloro-oanisamido) ethyl] phenyl]-sulphonyl-3-
cyclohexylurea. A sulphonyl urea derivative is a second generation oral hypoglycemic agent
which is more potent than those of first group1 and is used to assist in the control of mild to
moderately severe type II. diabetes mellitus (adult, maturity-onset) that does not require
insulin, but that can be adequately controlled by diet alone. It is drug of choice for initiating
treatment in noninsulin-dependent diabetes when diet and weight control fails. It stimulates
the secretion and enhances the utilization of insulin by appropriate tissues.

Metformin Hydrochloride

Fig. 1(b): Chemical structure of Metformin HCL.

Metformin chemically N, Ndimethyl imido dicarbonimidic diamide hydrochloride is used as

antidiabitic drug from the biguanide class used in the management of type 2 diabetes. Major
action of metformin lay in increasing glucose transport across the cell membrane in skeletal
muscle. The chemical structure of Glibenclamide and Metformin HCL are shown shown in
fig. 1.(a, b) several assay techniques have been described for quantitative determination of
glibenclamide in biological fluids; these include procedures based on high performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC) fluorometry, radioimmunoassay and gas chromatography. A few
reports deal with the analysis of the drug in these dosage forms; such procedures include:
micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography 18, RPHPLC19, fluorometry, TLC-UV
spectrophotometry, derivative spectrophotometry, UV spectrophotometry and colorimetry.

Few UV Spectrophotometric methods, HPLC and ion-pair HPLC method have been reported
for the estimation of MET.

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EXPERIMENTAL
Instrumentation
UV experimentation was performed on Shimadzu 1800 UV-visible spectrophotometer
equipped with Photo Diode Array (PDA) detector, with 1 cm quartz cell. Citizen Digital
Ultrasonic Cleaner was used for solubility purpose.

Preliminary Solubility Study

Solubility of both drugs was determined at 27 ±1°C. MET (10mg) was added in 10ml
volumetric flask and 10ml 0.01NAOH was added in it. The clear solution of MET was
obtained. GLB (10mg) was added in 10ml volumetric flask and 10ML 0.01N NAOH was
added in it. Then sonicate it for 10 min and The clear solution of GLB was obtained.

Preparation of stock solution

GLB and MET (10mg) were accurately weighed and transferred to two separate 10 ml
volumetric flasks. Each drug was dissolved in 0.01N NaOH, shaken manually for 10 min and
volume was made up to the mark with the same solvent to obtain concentration 1000 μg/ml
each. Then from that solution pipette out 0.1ml solution & dilute to 10 ml in volumetric flask
with same solvent to obtain final concentration 10µg/ml each.

Study of Spectra and Selection of Wavelength

The aliquot portions of standard stock solutions of GLB and MET were diluted appropriately
with distilled water to obtain concentration 10 g/mL of both drugs. The solutions of both
drugs were scanned separately in the range of 400 – 200nm. and the two wavelength
226.60nm (λ max of GLB) and 233nm (λ max of MET) were selected for further study .The
overlain UV absorbance spectrum of GLB and MET is shown in Fig. 2 (A,B,C).
g l i p u re - Ra wDa ta
0 .6 1 0

0 .4 0 0
Abs.

0 .2 0 0

0 .0 0 0
2 0 0 .0 0 2 5 0 .0 0 3 0 0 .0 0 3 5 0 .0 0 4 0 0 .0 0
nm .

Fig 2 (A)

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Chavhan et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

m e t p u re - Ra wDa ta
0 .6 1 0

0 .4 0 0
Abs.

0 .2 0 0

0 .0 0 0
2 0 0 .0 0 2 5 0 .0 0 3 0 0 .0 0 3 5 0 .0 0 4 0 0 .0 0
nm .

Fig 2 (B).

0 .6 1 0

0 .4 0 0
Abs.

0 .2 0 0

0 .0 0 0
2 0 0 .0 0 3 0 0 .0 0 4 0 0 .0 0
nm .

Fig. 2: UV Spectra of GLB (A), MET (B) and overlain spectra (C) of GLB and MET.

From the overlain spectrum the wavelengths selected for estimation of drugs were 226.60nm
as λ max of GLB and 233nm as λ max of MET.

Study of linearity curves

The aliquot portions of standard stock solutions of GLB and MET were diluted appropriately
with distilled water to get a series of concentration from 2-10g/ml for both drugs. The
absorbance of these drugs was measured at 226 nm and 233 nm respectively and calibration
curves were plotted as concentrations versus absorbances.

Simultaneous equation method

Two wavelengths selected for the method are 226.60nm and 233 nm that are absorption
maxima of GLB and MET respectively. Absorptivity (A 1%, cm) values at all the

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wavelengths were determined from the calibration curve. Absorptivity (A 1%, 1 cm) values
for both the drugs were determined as mean of three independent determinations.
Concentrations in the sample were obtained by using following equations‐
Cx = (A2ay1‐A1ay2)/ (ax2ay1‐ax1ay2).
Cy = (A1ax2‐A2ax1)/ (ax2ay1‐ax1ay2).

Where, A1 and A2 are absorbances of mixture at 226.60nm and 233nm respectively, ax1 and
ax2 are Absorptivity values of AM at λ1 and λ2 respectively and ay1 and ay2 are
Absorptivity value of AT at λ1 and λ2 respectively. Cx and Cy are concentrations of GLB
and MET respectively.

Different aliquots were taken from the stock solutions and diluted with the same solvent to
prepare a series of concentrations. The absorbances of these solutions were measured at
226nm and 233 nm for GLB and MET, respectively and calibration curves were plotted at
selected wavelengths; The E (1%, 1cm) of each drug at both wavelengths was determined;
results are presented in table 2. The overlain spectra of GLB and MET are shown in fig. 2.
Two simultaneous equation (in two variables C1 and C2) were framed by using E (1%, 1cm)
A1 = (60.70) C1 + (84.20) C2 (I).
A2 = (58.20) C1 + (110.20) C2 (II).

Where, C1 and C2 are the concentrations of GLB and MET measured in g /100 ml, in the
sample solutions. A1 and A2 are the absorbances of the sample solutions, at selected
wavelength i.e. 229.5 nm and 237 nm, respectively. By applying the Cramer’s rule (Beckett
and Stenlake, 2005) to equations I and II, the concentrations CGLB and CMET can be
determined as follows:
CGLB = A2 (58.20) - A1 (110.20)/ - 2045.23 (III).
CMET = A1 (84.80) - A2 (60.70) / - 3019.65 (IV).

Table no. 1: E (1%, 1cm) for GLB and MET.

*E(1%, 1cm) at 226 nm ± SD *E(1%, 1cm) at 233 nm ± SD
GLB MET GLB MET
ax1= 60.17 ± 0.48 ay1=84.80 ± 0.21 ax2=58.20 ± 0.60 ay2= 110.20 ± 0.81

*mean of ten readings.

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Analysis of Marketed Formulation by Proposed Method

20 Tablets were accurately weighed, and reduced to fine powder. A quantity of tablet powder
was transferred to 10ml volumetric flask and 10ml 0.01N NAOH was added in it. Sonicate it
for 11 min. The solution was filtered through Whatman filter paper no. 41. The filtrate was
further diluted with distilled water to get final concentration (1000µg/ml). From this solution
10µg/ml was prepared. The absorbance of sample solution was measured at 226 nm and 233
nm and the results are shown in Table No. 2.

Sample Label Claimed % Label Claim* ± SD %RSD

Glibenclamide 5mg 101.17± 0.73 0.72
DAONIL-M Metformin HCL500mg 99.96± 0.65 0.67

Validation of Method
Accuracy
Accuracy of each of the proposed method was ascertained on the basis of recovery studies
performed by standard addition method as shown in the table no.2.

Table no. 3.

Drug Sr. Level Amt. taken Amt. Added Absorbance Amt. recovered %Recovery
name no. (%) (µg/ml) (µg/ml) Mean* ± S.D. Mean *±S.D. Mean *± S.D.
1 80 6 4.8 0.321 ± 0.0004 4.22 ± 0.02 87.91± 0.35
GLB 2 100 6 6 0.521 ± 0.0004 5.75± 0.01 95.88 ± 0.18
3 120 6 7.2 0.655 ± 0.0004 7.03± 0.01 97.62± 0.15
1 80 6 4.8 0.397 ±0.0004 3.58±0.01 74.67±0.26
MET 2 100 6 6 0.497 ± 0.0004 4.56± 0.01 75.97± 0.21
3 120 6 7.2 0.522 ± 0.0008 7.19± 0.03 99.85± 0.39

*mean of each 3 reading.

Precision
Precision of the analytical method is expressed as the series of the measurement. It was
ascertained by replicate estimation of the drug by the proposed method as shown in table
no.3.

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Table no. 4.
Inter day Intra Day
Drug Conc. In
Mean*± Amt. % Amt. Mean*± Amt. %Amt.
name µg/ml
S.D. Found Found S.D. Found Found
4 0.153±0.001 4.08 101.96 0.148±0.001 3.97 97.39
GLB 6 0.222±0.001 6.11 101.80 0.213±0.001 6.03 100.51
8 0.300±0.001 8.42 105.27 0.296±0.001 7.58 94.75
4 0.198±0.001 4.04 100.91 0.186±0.001 3.78 94.38
MET 6 0.264±0.001 5.49 91.55 0.281±0.001 5.84 97.34
8 0.385±0.001 8.28 101.54 0.393±0.001 8.28 103.44

*mean of each 3 reading.

Repeatability
Repeatability was ascertained by getting the sample analyzed by different analyst and
carrying out analysis for no. of times. The results are shown in table no. 04.

Table no. 5.
Sr.No. Conc Abs Amt Found % Amt Found
GLB MET GLB MET GLB MET GLB MET
1 6 6 0.187 0.289 5.06 6.02 84.31 100.36
2 6 6 0.186 0.288 5.03 6.00 83.82 100.00
3 6 6 0.184 0.296 4.97 6.17 82.84 102.90
4 6 6 0.185 0.287 5.00 5.98 83.33 99.64
5 6 6 0.182 0.286 4.91 5.96 81.86 99.28
6 6 6 0.186 0.289 5.03 6.02 83.82 100.36
7 6 6 0.187 0.287 5.06 5.98 84.31 99.64
8 6 6 0.188 0.286 5.09 5.96 84.80 99.28
9 6 6 0.181 0.287 4.88 5.98 81.37 99.64
10 6 6 0.180 0.288 4.85 6.00 80.88 100.00
MEAN 0.185 0.285 4.99 6.01 83.14 100.11
SD 0.003 0.003 0.077 0.060 1.28 1.00
% RSD 1.42 1.42 1.54 1.00 1.54 1.00

Linearity and Range

The suitable aliquots were taken to obtain 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 µg/ml. from GLB stock solution. The
suitable aliquots were taken to obtain 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 µg/ml from MET stock solution. The
results are shown in table no 05, Figure no. 3 and Figure no. 4.

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Fig 3 linearity curve of Glibenclamide at 226.60nm.

Fig. 4 linearity curve of Meformin HCL at 233nm.

Ruggedness
Ruggedness of the proposed method is determined by analysis of aliquots from homogenous
slot by different analysts using similar operational and environmental conditions. The results
are shown in table no 06.

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Table no. 6: Validation Parameter.

Parameters GLB MET
Working wavelengths 226.60nm 233nm
Linearity range (µg/mL) 2-10 2-10
Precision [%RSD] Inter-day [n=3] Intra- 0.192-0.376 0.150-0.292
day[n=3] 0.195-0.676 0.147-0.311
Repeatability (Mean* ±SD) 83.14±1.28 100.11±1.00
Ruggedness [%RSD] Analyst I[n=3] 1.01 1.00
Analyst II [n=3] 0.45 0.99
% Recovery [n=3] %RSD 0.15-0.40 0.28-0.39

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In this method precision was studied as repeatability (% RSD < 2) and inter and intra-day
variations (%RSD < 2) for both drugs. The accuracy of method was determined by
calculating mean percentage recovery. It was determined at 80,100 and 120 % level. The
ruggedness of the methods was studied by two different analysts using the same operational
and environmental conditions. The % recovery, repeatability data, ruggedness data were
presented in Table-6.

CONCLUSION
The developed was found to be accurate, precise, economic, rapid and rugged. Further, the
developed method is simple and can usually be used for estimation of both these drugs in
their combined dosage form. This method is used for routine analysis of drugs in bulk and
pharmaceutical formulation.

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