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C++ Code For Classic Algorithms: Dijkstra's Algo

The document provides C++ code for classic graph algorithms: 1) Dijkstra's algorithm calculates the shortest path from a source node to all other nodes in O((N+E)logN) time and does not work for graphs with negative edge weights. 2) Bellman-Ford algorithm also finds shortest paths but can detect negative cycles, running in O(N*E) time. 3) Kosaraju's algorithm finds strongly connected components in a graph by performing a depth-first search on the transpose of the input graph after performing a topological sort.

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Praveen Mishra
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46 views

C++ Code For Classic Algorithms: Dijkstra's Algo

The document provides C++ code for classic graph algorithms: 1) Dijkstra's algorithm calculates the shortest path from a source node to all other nodes in O((N+E)logN) time and does not work for graphs with negative edge weights. 2) Bellman-Ford algorithm also finds shortest paths but can detect negative cycles, running in O(N*E) time. 3) Kosaraju's algorithm finds strongly connected components in a graph by performing a depth-first search on the transpose of the input graph after performing a topological sort.

Uploaded by

Praveen Mishra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C++ Code For Classic Algorithms

Dijkstra’s Algo :

// calculates the shortest path from a chosen source to every other


node

//doesn't work when weights are negative

// TC-> O((N+E)logN)

vector<int>dijkstra(int n,int source,vector<vector< pair<int,int> > >


&graph)

priority_queue<pair<int,int>,vector<pair<int,int> >,greater<pair<int,int>
> > pq;// min-heap ; In pair => (dist,node)

vector<int> distTo(n+1,INT_MAX); // 1-indexed array for


calculating shortest paths;

distTo[source] = 0;

pq.push(make_pair(0,source)); // (dist,node)

while( !pq.empty() )

int dist = pq.top(). rst;

int prev = pq.top().second;

pq.pop();

for(auto it : graph[prev]) //graph stored in the form g[1]-


>(node,wt),(node,wt)...

int next = it. rst;

int nextDist = it.second;

if( distTo[next] > distTo[prev] + nextDist)

distTo[next] = distTo[prev] + nextDist;

pq.push(make_pair(distTo[next], next));

return distTo;

fi
fi
Bellman Ford :

//this also gives shortest path from a chosen source to every other node
but won't work when negative edge weights are there

//so advantage compared to dijkstra is that in -ve weight case ,it will
atleast detect a negative cycle

//detects negative cycles in Directed graph

//can also work for Undirected graph ..just convert it to directed by


making a single edge

//b/w 2 nodes split into two each having weight as the previous weight.

//TC->O( N-1 * E )

struct node {

int u;

int v;

int wt;

node(int rst, int second, int weight) {

u = rst;

v = second;

wt = weight;

};

void bellman(int N,int src,vector<node>&edges)

int inf = 10000000;

vector<int> dist(N, inf); //dist is of size N here just coz nodes


numbered from 0...N

dist[src] = 0;

for(int i = 1;i<=N-1;i++) // Relax all the edges exactly N-1 times

for(auto it: edges)

if(dist[it.u] + it.wt < dist[it.v])

dist[it.v] = dist[it.u] + it.wt;

int = 0;

for(auto it: edges) // Try relaxing for one last time

if(dist[it.u] + it.wt < dist[it.v])

fl
fi
fi
cout << "Negative Cycle";

= 1;

break;

if(! ) //Negative cycle wasn't found and the shortest distance from
src to every node can be returned

for(int i = 0;i<N;i++)

cout << i << " " << dist[i] << endl;

Kosaraju’s Algo for nding Strongly Connected Components :

// Kosaraju helps us nd all the SCC in a directed graph

// 1.sort all nodes in order of nishing time (Topo Sort)

// 2.Transpose the graph

// 3.DFS according to nishing time on the Transposed Graph

void dfs(int node, stack<int> &st, vector<int> &vis,


vector<vector<int>>&graph) //for topo sort

vis[node] = 1;

for(auto it: graph[node])

if(!vis[it])

dfs(it, st, vis, graph);

st.push(node);

void revDfs(int node, vector<int> &vis, vector<vector<int>>&transpose)

cout << node << " ";

vis[node] = 1;

for(auto it: transpose[node])

if(!vis[it])

revDfs(it, vis, transpose);

fl
fl
fi
fi
fi
fi
void KosarajuSCC(int n,vector<vector<int>>&graph)

stack<int> st;

vector<int> vis(n, 0);

for(int i = 0;i<n;i++)

if(!vis[i])

dfs(i, st, vis, graph);

vector<vector<int>> transpose(n);

for(int i = 0;i<n;i++)

vis[i] = 0;

for(auto it: graph[i])

transpose[it].push_back(i);

while(!st.empty())

int node = st.top();

st.pop();

if(!vis[node])

cout << "SCC: ";

revDfs(node, vis, transpose);

cout <<"\n";

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