Standard Test Method For Alkali Resistance of Fiber Reinforced Polymer

Standard test method for alkali resistance of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) matrix
composite bars used in concrete construction

Reagent
1. Calcium hydroxide
2. Sodium hydroxide
3. Potassium hydroxide
Apparatus
1. pH meter
2. Plastic container
3. Caliper
4. Oven
Test specimens
1. The length of the specimens shall be accordance with Test Method
D7205/D7205M, Table A1.1.
2. The cross-sectional area of the specimen is determined in accordance with either
of the two methods described in Test methods described in Test Method
D7205/D7205M: nominal area or standard area.
3. The number of test specimens in each set for pre- and post-conditioned testing is
not less than five.
4. Coat the end of the bars and the ends and transverse elements of grids with room
temperature curing epoxy resin to prevent the infiltration of solution via this cuts.
Allow resin to cure completely before immersion.
5. The alkaline solution in Procedure A and B is a composition consists of 118.5
Ca(OH)2, 0.9g NaOH, and 4.2 g KOH in 1 liter of tap water and covered before
and during the test. The solution shall have an initial pH value of 12.6 to 13.0 as
measured by Test Method E70.
Conditioning
1. Pre-conditioning for all specimens – All specimens, including those used for
baseline measurements and traveler specimens for weight-change measurements
is pre-conditioned in accordance with Procedure B of Practice D618. For
Procedure A, traveler specimens should be weighed before pre-conditioning.
2. Procedure A – Condition 40/23/50 for specimens 7 mm or under in thickness,
88/23/50 for specimens over 7 mm in the standard laboratory atmosphere for a
minimun of 40 h prior to testing.
3. Procedure B – Condition 48/50 + Des. Removed the specimens from the oven and
cool to room temperature in a desiccator over anhydrous calcium chloride for at
least 5 h for specimens 7 mm or under in thickness and at least 15 h for specimens
over 7 mm in thickness prior to testing.
4. Procedure C – Condition 96/35/90 – Condition specimens for a period of 96 h in
an atmosphere of 90 % relative humidity at a temperature of 35℃.
5. Specimens for Procedure A is immersed in the alkaline solution at 60±3℃ for
exposure times of 1,2,3, or 6 months. After the alloted times, the specimens is
removed from the alkaline solution and thoroughly washed in tap water.
6. Specimens for Procedure B is installed with anchoring devices at both ends in
accordance with Test Method D7205/D7205M, Appendix A. The test ppecimens
for Procedure A is immersed in alkaline solution inside an environmental cabinet
or container holding the alkaline solution and having a constant temperature of
60±3℃. The specimen is held in a loading fixture, subjecting the bar to a constant
tensile sustained force for exposure times of 1,2,3, or 6 months. After the alloted
times, the specimens is unloaded and removed from the alkaline solution.
7. Specimens for Procedure C is conditioned by embedding the test section of the
specimens in moist concrete cylinders.
8. Specimens is to be cured for 28 days in tap water at room temperature. Anchors is
installed before or after curing of the specimens. The specimens then positioned
in the conditioning fixture so that the sustained tensile force can be applied for
exposure time s of 1,2,3, or 6 months. The concrete cylinder is kept moist and
inside an environmental cabinet having a constant temperature of 60±3℃ during
the conditioning. After the alloted times, the specimens is unloaded and removed
from the conditioning environment.
9. Concrete mix – The concrete is a standard mix, with composition and alkalinity
specified in Section 7 of Test Method C1293. Aggregates used in the concrete is
screened for alkali reactivity according to Test Method C1260 and shall show
expansion of no more than 0.1% in 14 days. The concrete mix is batched and
mixed in accordance with the applicable portions of Practice C192/C192M and
the curing procedure is conform to Specification C511.
10. Concrete cylinder removal – The concrete surrounding the Procedure C
specimens is removed before post-conditioning. A split tension test fixture is
preferred according to Test Method C496/C496M to split the concrete and
remove it from the FRP bar.
11. Post-conditioning – All specimens is post-conditioned according to Procedure B
in Practice D618 before testing in tension.
Procedure
1. Determine the cross section area of the bar in accordance with 11.2.5 of Test
Method D7205/D7205M.
2. Establish the pre-conditioned tensile strength of the bars in accordance with Test
Method D7205/D7205M using pre-conditioned specimens.
3. For Procedure A and B, the pH value of the alkaline solution shall be measured at
the begining of the of the conditioning period and recorded to one decimal place.
4. During immersion of the test specimens, the pH value of the alkaline solution
shall be monitored at least every five days and adjust to maintain the pH within
the range 12.6 to 13.0 during the conditioning period.
5. To increase pH, add hydroxides to the solution based on the mass of hydroxides
used as stated in test specimens section. To decrease pH, add tap water.
6. The external appearance of the specimen shall be examined before and after the
alkali resistance test, for comparison of color, surface condition, and change of
shape.
7. Mass change testing of specimen for Procedure A- Mass change experiments shall
be performed on traveler specimens cut from the same alot of material to be
conditioned and tension tested. The traveler specimen is cut in integer increments
of the representative length of the bar, for those bar having a representative length
and shall have an initial weight greater than 10g. Before immersion, the traveler is
weighed and then ovendried according to Procedure B of Practice D618 and
weighed again to establish the initial mass, Wo. After immersion for the
prescribed period of time, the traveler is removed from the alkaline solution,
quickly washed with tap water, dried with tissue paper
8. Tensile capacity retention testing of specimens for Procedure A,B and C-
Specimens is tested in tension to failure within 24 h after removal from the post-
conditioning environment. The tensile test method follows the Test Method
D7205/D7205M.

Standard Test Method For Alkali Resistance of Fiber Reinforced Polymer

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Standard test method for alkali resistance of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) matrix

composite bars used in concrete construction

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