UEME 1333 Engineering Thermodynamics 1 Assignment 1

Name : Tan Wei Shin

Student ID : 2002754
Course : ME

1. State point 1 : Wet Steam State point 2 : Superheated Steam

P1 = 18 bar P2 = 1 bar
X = ?? T2 = 113℃

Since the system is an open system, SFEE is used.

v2
(
Q̇−Ẇ =ṁ ∆ h+
2
+ gz )
*Because of throttling process, Q̇ also equal to 0
*No work input, therefore Ẇ = 0

v2
*Kinetic and potential energy are negligible, and gz are equal to 0
2
0=ṁ(h2−h1)
h1 =h2 (Isenthalpic)

State point 1 : Wet Steam State point 2 : Superheated Steam

P1 = 18 bar P2 = 1 bar
T2 = 113℃
*From Steam Table, h2 = ??
hg = 2979 kJ/kg
hf = 885 kJ/kg *From Steam Table,
Using interpotation method
sg = 6.379 kJ/kgK 100 2676
sf = 2.398 kJ/kgK 113 h2
150 2777
113−100 h2−2676
=
150−100 2777−2676
h2 =2702.26

Since h1 = h2, h1 = 2702.26 kJ/kg

s2 = 7.426 kJ/kgK
 h1 =x h g +(1−x)hf

2702.26=x ( 2797 ) + ( 1−x ) ( 885)

x=0.95

s1=x s g +(1−x )sf

s1=(0.95)(6.379)+(0.05)(2.798)
s1=6.18 kJ/kgK

Reversibility
dQ
≤ s 2−s1
T
dQ
≤ ṁ(s ¿ ¿ 2−s1 )¿
T
(÷m)
dq
≤ s 2−s1
t

dq
=0 s2 – s1
t
= 7.426- 6.18
= 1.246
dQ
Since ≤ s 2−s1, therefore this is an irreversible process.
T
2. State point 1 : Compressed Liquid State point 2 : Compressed Liquid
T1 = 32℃ T2 = 85℃
P1 = 1.2 bar P2 = 1 bar

Since the system is an open system, SFEE is used.

v2
(
Q̇−Ẇ =ṁ ∆ h+
2
+ gz )
*No work input, therefore Ẇ = 0

v2
*Kinetic and potential energy are negligible, and gz are equal to 0
2
Q̇= ṁ( h2−h1 )

State point 1 : Compressed Liquid State point 2 : Compressed Liquid

T1 = 32℃ T2 = 85℃
P1 = 1.2 bar P2 = 1 bar

*Since it is a compressed liquid, h1 is *Since it is a compressed liquid, h1 is

looking with temperature looking with temperature
h1 =hf @ 32℃ h2 =hf @ 85℃
h1 =124kJ/kg h1 =355.9kJ/kg

s1 = 0.464kJ/kgK s2 = 1.134kJ/kgK

Q̇= ṁ( h2−h1 )

¿ 1.5 ( 355.9−134 )
¿ 322.85kJ/s
Reversibility
dQ
≤ s 2−s1
T
dQ
≤ ṁ(s ¿ ¿ 2−s1 )¿
T

*Since theQ̇ is (+) value, ṁ(s2 – s1)

Means that heat input , = 1.5(1.134 – 0.464)
therefore T2 is used = 1.005
322.85
=0.902
85+273
dQ
Since ≤ s 2−s1, therefore this is an irreversible process.
T
3. State point 1 : Superheated Steam State point 2 : Wet Steam
P1 = 6 bar P2 = 6 bar
x = 0.9

Since the system is an open system, SFEE is used.

v2
(
Q̇−Ẇ =ṁ ∆ h+
2
+ gz )
*No work input, therefore Ẇ = 0

v2
*Kinetic and potential energy are negligible, and gz are equal to 0
2
Q̇= ṁ( h2−h1 )

State point 1 : Saturated Steam State point : Wet Steam

P1 = 6 bar P2 = 6 bar

*From Steam Table *From Steam Table

hg = 2757 kJ/kg hg = 2757 kJ/kg
hf = 670 kJ/kg
sg = 6.761 kJ/kgK
h2 =x h g +(1−x) hf
h2 =(0.9) ( 275 7 ) + ( 0.1 ) ( 670)
h2 =2548.3kJ/kg

sg = 6.761 kJ/kgK
sf = 1.931 kJ/kgK

s2=x s g +(1−x ) s f
s2=(0.9)(6.761)+(0. 1)(1.931)
s2=6. 278kJ/kgK

Q̇= ṁ( h2−h1 )

¿ 1.5 ( 2548.3−2757 )
¿−3 13.05kJ/s
313.05kJ/s of heat transfer out
Reversibility
dQ
≤ s 2−s1
T
dQ
≤ ṁ(s ¿ ¿ 2−s1 )¿
T

*Since theQ̇ is (-) value, ṁ(s2 – s1)

Means that heat output, = 1.5(6.278 – 6.761)
therefore T1 is used = -0.7245
−3 13.05
=−0. 7249
158.8+273
dQ
Since is approximate same to s2 – s1, therefore this is a reversible process.
T
4. State point 1 : Wet Steam State point 2 : Saturated Steam
P1 = 1 bar P2 = 1 bar
mg = 0.0005kg
mf = 0.85kg

mg
x=
m g +m f
0.0005
x=
0.0005+0.85
x=0.0005 9

Since the system is an open system, non-cyclic process.

dQ−d W =dU H=U + PV
dQ−PdV =dU dH =dU + PdV +VdP
dQ=du+ PdV *Since this is a constant pressure
heating process, VdP = 0
dH =dU + Pdv

Therefore,
dQ=dH
dQ=ṁ total (h2−h 1)
 State point 1 : Wet Steam State point 2 : Saturated Steam
P1 = 1 bar P2 = 1 bar

*From Steam Table *From Steam Table

hg = 2675 kJ/kg h2 = hg = 2675 kJ/kg
hf = 417 kJ/kg
s2 = sg = 7.359 kJ/kgK
h1 =x h g +(1−x)hf
h1 =(0.00 059) ( 2675 ) + ( 0. 99941 ) (417)
h1 =418 .33kJ/kg

sg = 7.359 kJ/kgK
sf = 1.303 kJ/kgK

s1=x s g +(1−x )sf

s1=(0. 00059)(7.359)+(0. 999 41)(1. 303)
s1=1. 307kJ/kgK
dQ=ṁtotal (h2−h 1)

dQ=0.8505(26 75−418.33)
dQ=1919 . 2 9kJ

Reversibility
dQ
≤ s 2−s1
T
dQ
≤ m(s ¿ ¿ 2−s1 )¿
T

dQ
T sat @1 ¯¿ ¿
m(s2 – s1)
19 19. 2 9
=5.1 5 = 0.8505(7.359 - 1.307)
99.6+273
= 5.15
dQ
Since is same to s2 – s1, therefore this is a reversible process.
T
5. State point 1 : Wet Steam State point 2 : Saturated vapour/liquid
P1 = 1 bar Constant volume
mg = 0.0005kg
mf = 0.85kg

mg
x=
m g +m f
0.0005
x=
0.0005+0.85
x=0.0005 9

Since the system is an open system, non-cyclic process.

dQ−dW =dU
dQ−PdV =dU
*Since this is a constant volume heating process, PdV = 0
dQ=mtotal (U 2−U 1 )
 State point 1 : Wet Steam State point 2 : Saturated Liquid
P1 = 1 bar V2 = V1
V2 = 2 ×10−3 m3/kg
*From Steam Table
vg = 1.694 m3/kg *Since the V2 is less than Vc(0.00317),
vf = 0.001m3/kg therefore State 2 is a saturated liquid.

v1 =x v g +(1−x)v f Using interpotation method

v1 =(0.00059) ( 1.694 ) + ( 0.99941 ) (0.001) 360 0.1894
v1 =2× 10−3 m3/kg T2 0.2
370 0.2225
T 2−360 0.2−0.1894
=
370−360 0.2225−0.1894
ug = 2506 kJ/kg T 2=363.2℃
uf = 417 kJ/kg

u1=x ug +(1−x )u f 361.4 1740

u1=(0.00059) ( 2 506 ) + ( 0.99941 ) ( 417) 363.2 u2
u1=418.23kJ/kg 363.6 1762
363.2−361.4 u2−1740
=
363.6−361.4 1762−1740
u2=1758 kJ/kg
sg = 7.359 kJ/kgK
sf = 1.303 kJ/kgK
361.4 3.941
s1=x s g +(1−x )sf 363.2 s2
s1=(0.00059)(7.359)+(0.99941)(1.303) 363.6 3.977
s1=1.307 kJ/kgK 363.2−361.4 s 2 −3.941
=
363.6−361.4 3.977−3.941
s2=3.97 kJ/kgK

dQ=mtotal (U 2−U 1 )

dQ=0.8505(1758−418.23)
dQ=1139.47kJ
Reversibility
dQ
≤ s 2−s1
T
dQ
≤ m(s ¿ ¿ 2−s1 )¿
T

*Since theQ̇ is (+) value, m(s2 – s1)

Means that heat input, = 0.8505(3.97 – 1.307)
therefore T2 is used = 2.265
1139.47
=1.791
363.2+ 273
dQ
Since ≤ s 2−s1, therefore this is an irreversible process.
T