Jericka Llera
p.2
2.4.16
Baking Soda Stoichiometry Lab Report
According to the equation given explaining the reaction, 2NaHCO3→Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O , after
burning the baking soda, the mass of the substance will decrease because carbon dioxide and water
vapor will be given off, losing mass.
Materials
·Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate, NaHCO3
·Crucible.
·Balance
·Ring stand
·Clay triangle.
·Bunsen burner
Procedure
1. Use a balance to measure the mass of a clean, dry crucible.
2. Add about 3.0 g of sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3), and measure the combined mass of the
crucible and NaHCO3.
3. Use this starting mass of NaHCO3 and the balanced chemical equation to calculate the mass of
Na2CO3 that will be produced.
4.Set up a ring stand with a ring and clay triangle for heating the crucible.
5. Heat the crucible with a Bunsen burner, slowly at first and then with a stronger flame, for 7–8 min.
Record your observations during the heating.
6. Turn off the burner, and use crucible tongs to remove the hot crucible.
Caution: Do not touch the hot crucible with your hands.
Allow the crucible to cool, and then measure the mass of the crucible and NaHCO3.
Data/Results
Calculation Data
steps
1 Mass of crucible (g) 23.4g
2 Mass of Sodium Hydrogen carbonate and + crucible (g) 26.4g
3 Mass of Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate (2-1) (g) 3g
4 Mass of crucible + product (g) 25g
5 Mass of product (4-1) (g) 1.6g
Calculations
Calculating the mass of NaHCO3 :
mass of crucible = 23.4g
mass of crucible with NaHCO3 = 26.4g
mass of NaHCO3 = 26.4g - 23.4g = 3g
Calculating the mass of Na2CO3 :
mass of crucible = 23.4g
mass of crucible with Na2CO3 = 25g
mass of Na2CO3 = 25g - 23.4g = 1.6 g
Calculating the mass of Na2CO3 using Stoichiometry:
Mass of 2NaHCO3 / amount of NaHCO3 used = Mass of Na2CO3 / amount of Na2CO3 used
168.012g of 2NaHCO3 / 3g of 2NaHCO3 = 105.988g of Na2CO3/ Xg of Na2CO3
105.988g x 3g / 168.012 =1.89g of Na2CO3
Calculating the error and percent error:
error = accepted value - accepted value
error = 1.89g - 1.6 = 0.29 g
% error = error / experimental value
% error = 0.29g / 1.89g = 15% error
Conclusion/Analysis
When you heat baking soda, a chemical reaction occurs and a new product is produced. The chemical
reaction that occurs is decomposition reaction where the one substance, 2NaHCO3 , decomposed into
more substances; Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O. The question this lab report is based off of is How much
Na2CO3 is produced when 3 grams of baking soda is decomposed. We can answer this question two
ways. One by performing the experiment, and two by using the math formula called Stoichiometry. We
did both and got two answers. The real/accepted answer, because there can be no error if the math is
correct, comes from the stoichiometry. By doing the math, as seen in our calculations, the amount of
Na2CO3 produced should be 1.89 grams. The experiment allows a little room for error. By performing
the experiment, heating the baking soda and measuring its before and after masses, our calculations led
us to the amount of Na2CO3 produced in the reaction being 1.6 grams. The error that possibly could
have occurred here would have been in our calculating the mass on the scales but more specifically, not
having exactly 3 grams of baking soda to start with. In fact, we should have had less than 3 grams.
Using these two answers, we were able to find the error and the percent error in our experiment which
was 0.29 grams and 15% error.
